67,696 results on '"Linn, A"'
Search Results
2. Towards Using Active Learning Methods for Human-Seat Interactions To Generate Realistic Occupant Motion
- Author
-
Fahse, Niklas, Harant, Monika, Obentheuer, Marius, Linn, Joachim, and Fehr, Jörg
- Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics ,Mathematics - Dynamical Systems - Abstract
In the context of developing new vehicle concepts, especially autonomous vehicles with novel seating arrangements and occupant activities, predicting occupant motion can be a tool for ensuring safety and comfort. In this study, a data-driven surrogate contact model integrated into an optimal control framework to predict human occupant behavior during driving maneuvers is presented. High-fidelity finite element simulations are utilized to generate a dataset of interaction forces and moments for various human body configurations and velocities. To automate the generation of training data, an active learning approach is introduced, which iteratively queries the high-fidelity finite element simulation for an additional dataset. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated through a case study of a head interaction with an automotive headrest, showing promising results in accurately replicating contact forces and moments while reducing manual effort., Comment: Submitted for publication in the Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
- Published
- 2024
3. Characterizing Turbulence at a Forest Edge: Comparing Sub-filter Scale Turbulence Models in Simulations of Flow over a Canopy
- Author
-
Perez, Dorianis M., Canfield, Jesse M., Linn, Rodman R., and Speer, Kevin
- Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics - Abstract
In wildfires, atmospheric turbulence plays a major role in the transfer of turbulent kinetic energy. Understanding how turbulence feeds back into a dynamical system is important, down to the varying small scales of fuel structures (i.e. pine needles, grass). Large eddy simulations (LES) are a common way of numerically representing turbulence. The Smagorinsky model (1963) serves as one of the most studied sub-grid scale representations in LES. In this investigation, the Smagorinsky model was implemented in HIGRAD/FIRETEC, LANL's coupled fire-atmosphere model. The Smagorinsky turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) was compared to FIRETEC's 1.5-order TKE eddy-viscosity subgrid-scale model, known as the Linn turbulence model. This was done in simulations of flow over flat terrain with a homogeneous, cuboidal canopy in the center of the domain. Examinations of the modeled vertical TKE profile and turbulent statistics at the leading edge, and throughout the canopy, show that the Smagorinsky model provides comparable results to that of the original closure model posed in FIRETEC., Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures
- Published
- 2024
4. Characterizing Turbulence at a Forest Edge: A Vorticity Budget Analysis around a Canopy
- Author
-
Perez, Dorianis M., Canfield, Jesse M., Linn, Rodman R., and Speer, Kevin
- Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics - Abstract
Vorticity is a key characteristic of flow patterns that determine wildland fire behavior, frontal evolution, and wind-canopy interaction. Investigating the role of vorticity in the flow fields around vegetation can help us better understand fire-atmosphere feedback and the influences of vegetation on this feedback. In modeling vorticity, ``perhaps the greatest knowledge gap exists in understanding which terms in the vorticity equation dominate [...] (and) when one or the other might dominate" (Potter, 2012). In this study, we investigate the role of vorticity in boundary layer dynamics and canopy/forest edge effects using HIGRAD/FIRETEC, a three-dimensional, two-phase transport model that conserves mass, momentum, energy, and chemical species. A vorticity transport equation was derived and discretized. Simulations were performed over a cuboidal homogeneous canopy surrounded by surface vegetation. This derivation led to the discovery of a drag tilting and stretching term, which shows that gradients in the aerodynamic drag of the vegetation, tied to heterogeneities in surface area-to-volume ratio, play an important role in the generation of vorticity. Results from the vorticity budget analysis show that this term contributes significantly in the areas where these gradients are present, namely the edges of the canopy., Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures
- Published
- 2024
5. Using the Infant Sibling-Design to Explore Associations between Autism and ADHD Traits in Probands and Temperament in the Younger Siblings
- Author
-
Linn Andersson Konke, Terje Falck-Ytter, Emily J. H. Jones, Amy Goodwin, and Karin Brocki
- Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to use the infant sibling design to explore whether proband traits of autism and ADHD could provide information about their infant sibling's temperament. This could help us to gain information about the extent to which infant temperament traits are differentially associated with autism and ADHD traits. We used parent-ratings of autistic traits and ADHD traits (CRS-3) in older siblings diagnosed with autism (age range 4 to 19 years), and their infant siblings' temperament traits (IBQ) at 9 months of age in 216 sibling pairs from two sites (BASIS, UK, and EASE, Sweden) to examine associations across siblings. We found specific, but modest, associations across siblings after controlling for sex, age, developmental level and site. Proband autistic traits were specifically related to low levels of approach in the infant siblings, with infant developmental level explaining part of the variance in infant approach. Proband ADHD traits were specifically related to high levels of infant activity even after controlling for covariates. Our findings suggest that proband traits of autism and ADHD carry information for infant sibling's temperament, indicating that inherited liability may influence early emerging behaviours in infant siblings. The impact of sex, age, developmental level and site are discussed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Parkinsons disease variant detection and disclosure: PD GENEration, a North American study.
- Author
-
Cook, Lola, Verbrugge, Jennifer, Schwantes-An, Tae-Hwi, Schulze, Jeanine, Foroud, Tatiana, Hall, Anne, Marder, Karen, Mata, Ignacio, Mencacci, Niccolò, Nance, Martha, Schwarzschild, Michael, Simuni, Tanya, Bressman, Susan, Wills, Anne-Marie, Fernandez, Hubert, Litvan, Irene, Lyons, Kelly, Shill, Holly, Singer, Carlos, Tropea, Thomas, Vanegas Arroyave, Nora, Carbonell, Janfreisy, Cruz Vicioso, Rossy, Katus, Linn, Quinn, Joseph, Hodges, Priscila, Meng, Yan, Strom, Samuel, Blauwendraat, Cornelis, Lohmann, Katja, Casaceli, Cynthia, Rao, Shilpa, Ghosh Galvelis, Kamalini, Naito, Anna, Beck, James, and Alcalay, Roy
- Subjects
GBA1 ,LRRK2 ,Parkinson’s disease ,clinical trials ,genetic counselling ,genetic testing ,Humans ,Parkinson Disease ,Genetic Testing ,Male ,Female ,Glucosylceramidase ,Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 ,alpha-Synuclein ,Aged ,Middle Aged ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ,Protein Kinases ,Protein Deglycase DJ-1 ,Vesicular Transport Proteins ,North America ,Genetic Variation ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Adult ,Disclosure ,Genetic Counseling ,Canada ,United States - Abstract
Variants in seven genes (LRRK2, GBA1, PRKN, SNCA, PINK1, PARK7 and VPS35) have been formally adjudicated as causal contributors to Parkinsons disease; however, individuals with Parkinsons disease are often unaware of their genetic status since clinical testing is infrequently offered. As a result, genetic information is not incorporated into clinical care, and variant-targeted precision medicine trials struggle to enrol people with Parkinsons disease. Understanding the yield of genetic testing using an established gene panel in a large, geographically diverse North American population would help patients, clinicians, clinical researchers, laboratories and insurers better understand the importance of genetics in approaching Parkinsons disease. PD GENEration is an ongoing multi-centre, observational study (NCT04057794, NCT04994015) offering genetic testing with results disclosure and genetic counselling to those in the US (including Puerto Rico), Canada and the Dominican Republic, through local clinical sites or remotely through self-enrolment. DNA samples are analysed by next-generation sequencing including deletion/duplication analysis (Fulgent Genetics) with targeted testing of seven major Parkinsons disease-related genes. Variants classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic/risk variants are disclosed to all tested participants by either neurologists or genetic counsellors. Demographic and clinical features are collected at baseline visits. Between September 2019 and June 2023, the study enrolled 10 510 participants across >85 centres, with 8301 having received results. Participants were: 59% male; 86% White, 2% Asian, 4% Black/African American, 9% Hispanic/Latino; mean age 67.4 ± 10.8 years. Reportable genetic variants were observed in 13% of all participants, including 18% of participants with one or more high risk factors for a genetic aetiology: early onset (
- Published
- 2024
7. Cover times with stochastic resetting
- Author
-
Linn, Samantha and Lawley, Sean D
- Subjects
Mathematics - Probability ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,60G07, 60G70, 60J27, 60J60, 60J65 - Abstract
Cover times quantify the speed of exhaustive search. In this work, we compute exactly the mean cover time associated with a one-dimensional Brownian search under exponentially distributed resetting. We also approximate the moments of cover times of a wide range of stochastic search processes in $d$-dimensional continuous space and on an arbitrary discrete network under frequent stochastic resetting. These results hold for a large class of resetting time distributions and search processes including diffusion and Markov jump processes., Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure
- Published
- 2024
8. Computation of Robust Option Prices via Structured Multi-Marginal Martingale Optimal Transport
- Author
-
Engström, Linn, Källblad, Sigrid, and Karlsson, Johan
- Subjects
Quantitative Finance - Computational Finance ,Mathematics - Optimization and Control ,Mathematics - Probability ,Quantitative Finance - Mathematical Finance ,49M29, 60G42, 90C08, 91G20 - Abstract
We introduce an efficient computational framework for solving a class of multi-marginal martingale optimal transport problems, which includes many robust pricing problems of large financial interest. Such problems are typically computationally challenging due to the martingale constraint, however, by extending the state space we can identify them with problems that exhibit a certain sequential martingale structure. Our method exploits such structures in combination with entropic regularisation, enabling fast computation of optimal solutions and allowing us to solve problems with a large number of marginals. We demonstrate the method by using it for computing robust price bounds for different options, such as lookback options and Asian options.
- Published
- 2024
9. Using Large Language Models for Humanitarian Frontline Negotiation: Opportunities and Considerations
- Author
-
Ma, Zilin, Susannah, Su, Zhao, Nathan, Bieske, Linn, Bullwinkel, Blake, Zhang, Yanyi, Sophia, Yang, Luo, Ziqing, Li, Siyao, Liao, Gekai, Wang, Boxiang, Gao, Jinglun, Wen, Zihan, Bruderlein, Claude, and Pan, Weiwei
- Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction - Abstract
Humanitarian negotiations in conflict zones, called \emph{frontline negotiation}, are often highly adversarial, complex, and high-risk. Several best-practices have emerged over the years that help negotiators extract insights from large datasets to navigate nuanced and rapidly evolving scenarios. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked interest in the potential for AI to aid decision making in frontline negotiation. Through in-depth interviews with 13 experienced frontline negotiators, we identified their needs for AI-assisted case analysis and creativity support, as well as concerns surrounding confidentiality and model bias. We further explored the potential for AI augmentation of three standard tools used in frontline negotiation planning. We evaluated the quality and stability of our ChatGPT-based negotiation tools in the context of two real cases. Our findings highlight the potential for LLMs to enhance humanitarian negotiations and underscore the need for careful ethical and practical considerations.
- Published
- 2024
10. MultiSensory Music Drama with a Student with Severe/Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities: A Case Study of Teacher-Researcher Co-Production
- Author
-
Linn Johnels, Jenny Wilder, and Simo Vehmas
- Abstract
The feasibility of a pedagogical approach--MultiSensory Music Drama (MSMD)--was investigated in collaboration with a teacher and a student with severe/profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (S/PIMD). Educational research for this group of learners is scarce, but research has suggested the potential of integrating music and multisensory storytelling to promote interactive engagement. A case study using co-production between a teacher and researchers was conducted. The development, implementation and evaluation of MSMD lessons were performed, by carrying out the lessons, iteratively refining them through stimulated recall interviews and ratings of student engagement. The long-term feasibility was investigated through a post-intervention survey and a follow-up interview. Inductive content analysis was used for data analysis. In-depth descriptions of the implementation process are provided. The teacher found the MSMD approach useful in relation to the syllabus and motivating for the student. She reported that she had continued to use MSMD with all of her students and that several of her colleagues had started to use it as well. Our results suggest that MSMD can be a meaningful approach for practitioners working with these learners. The study also reveals aspects of professional knowledge when working with students with S/PIMD.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Comparing Expert and ChatGPT-authored Guidance Prompts
- Author
-
Bradford, Allison, Li, Weiying, Gerard, Libby, and Linn, Marcia C
- Subjects
Curriculum and Pedagogy ,Information and Computing Sciences ,Education ,Specialist Studies In Education - Abstract
Students bring a multitude of ideas and experiences to the classroom while they are reasoning about scientific phenomena. They often need timely guidance to refine build upon their initial ideas. In this study we explore the development of guidance prompts to provide students with personalized, real-time feedback in the context of a pedagogically grounded chatbot. In the current version of the tool, guidance prompts are authored by learning scientists who are experts in the content of the items and in Knowledge Integration pedagogy. When students engage with the chatbot, an idea detection model is used to determine the ideas that are present in a student explanation and then the expert-authored guidance prompts are assigned based on rules about which ideas are or are not present in the student explanation. While this approach allows for close attention to and control of the pedagogical intent of each prompt, it is time consuming and not easily generalizable. Further this rule-based approach limits the ways in which students can interact with the chatbot. The work in progress study presented in this paper explores the potential of using generative AI to create similarly pedagogically grounded guidance prompts as a first step towards increasing the generalizability and scalability of this approach. Specifically, we ask: using criteria from the Knowledge Integration Pedagogical Framework, how do ChatGPT 3.5-authored guidance prompts compare to human expert-authored guidance prompts? We find that while prompt engineering can enhance the alignment of ChatGPT-authored guidance prompts with pedagogical criteria, the human expert-authored guidance prompts more consistently meet the pedagogical criteria.
- Published
- 2024
12. Teacher-informed Expansion of an Idea Detection Model for a Knowledge Integration Assessment
- Author
-
Li, Weiying, Liao, Yuying, Steimel, Kenneth, Bradford, Allison, Gerard, Libby, and Linn, Marcia
- Subjects
Curriculum and Pedagogy ,Education Systems ,Specialist Studies In Education ,Education - Abstract
Students come to science classrooms with ideas informed by their prior instruction and everyday observations. Following constructivist pedagogy, assessments that encourage students to elaborate their ideas, distinguish among them, and link the most promising ones can capture students' potential and help teachers plan their lessons. In this investigation, we study an assessment that engages students in a dialog to refine their response to a Knowledge Integration (KI) question. Our Research Practice Partnership (RPP) initially trained a Natural Language Processing (NLP) idea detection model on 1218 student responses from 5 schools and identified 13 student ideas. The original model had an overall micro-averaged F-score of 0.7634. After classroom testing, three RPP expert teachers with 10+ years of experience reviewed the classroom data and expanded the model, adding six additional ideas including two that they described as precursor ideas because they foreshadowed more sophisticated reasoning. We trained the idea detection model on these 19 ideas using a dataset from 13 teachers and 1206 students across 8 public schools. The updated model had a somewhat lower overall micro-averaged F-score of 0.7297. The two precursor ideas were among the top four detected ideas. The assessment, using the updated model, guided students to express significantly more ideas. A regression model showed that the updated model was associated with greater KI score gains. Expanding the model, thus, created an assessment that motivated students to express more ideas and to achieve higher KI scores. It also provides teachers with deeper insights into their students' understanding of science.
- Published
- 2024
13. A human‐centred learning analytics approach for developing contextually scalable K‐12 teacher dashboards
- Author
-
Wiley, Korah, Dimitriadis, Yannis, and Linn, Marcia
- Subjects
Curriculum and Pedagogy ,Education Systems ,Specialist Studies In Education ,Education ,3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing ,Quality Education ,design-based research ,human-centred learning analytics ,K-12 education ,knowledge integration ,learning outcomes ,teacher dashboard ,Other Technology ,Specialist Studies in Education ,Specialist studies in education - Abstract
This paper describes a Human-Centred Learning Analytics (HCLA) design approach for developing learning analytics (LA) dashboards for K-12 classrooms that maintain both contextual relevance and scalability—two goals that are often in competition. Using mixed methods, we collected observational and interview data from teacher partners and assessment data from their students' engagement with the lesson materials. This DBR-based, human-centred design process resulted in a dashboard that supported teachers in addressing their students' learning needs. To develop the dashboard features that could support teachers, we found that a design refinement process that drew on the insights of teachers with varying teaching experience, philosophies and teaching contexts strengthened the resulting outcome. The versatile nature of the approach, in terms of student learning outcomes, makes it useful for HCLA design efforts across diverse K-12 educational contexts. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic Learning analytics that are aligned to both a learning theory and learning design support student learning. LA dashboards that support users to understand the associated learning analytics data provide actionable insight. Design-based research is a promising methodology for Human-Centred Learning Analytics design, particularly in the K-12 educational context. What this paper adds Leveraging a longstanding, yet fluid, research-practice partnership is an effective design-based research adaptation for addressing the high variation in instructional practices that characterize K-12 education. Using both quantitative and qualitative data that reflects students' developing knowledge effectively supports teachers' inquiry into student learning. Teachers' use of learning analytics dashboards is heavily influenced by their perspectives on teaching and learning. Implications for practice and/or policy Impact on student learning outcomes, alongside usability and feasibility, should be included as a necessary metric for the effectiveness of LA design. LA dashboard developers should both leverage learning data that reflect students' developing knowledge and position teachers to take responsive pedagogical action to support student learning. LA researchers and developers should utilize a long-term, yet fluid, research-practice partnership to form a multi-stakeholder, multidisciplinary design team for Human-Centred Learning Analytics design.
- Published
- 2024
14. Unraveling Factors Influencing Shooting Incidents: Preliminary Analysis and Insights
- Author
-
Hernandez, Robert and Carothers, Linn
- Subjects
Statistics - Applications - Abstract
The following is a write up of the progress of modeling data from the K12 organization \cite{Riedman_2023}. Data was characterized and investigated for statistically significant factors. The incident data was spilt into three sets: the entire set of incidents, incidents from 1966 - 2017, and incidents from 2018 - 2023. This was done in an attempt to discern key factors for the acceleration of incidents over the last several years. The data set was cleaned and processed primarily through RStudio. The individual factors were studied and subjected to statistical analysis where appropriate. As it turns out, there are differences between media portrayals of shooters and actual shooters. Then, multiple regression techniques were performed then followed by ANOVA of the models to determine statistically significant independent variables and their influence on casualties. Thus far, linear regression and negative binomial regression have been attempted. Further refining of the methods will be necessary for Poisson regression and logistic regression to be viably attempted. At this point in time a common theme among each of the models is the presence of targeted attacks affecting casualties. Further study can lead to improved safe guarding strategies to eliminate or minimize casualties. Further, increased understanding of shooter demographics can also lead to outreach and prevention programs.
- Published
- 2024
15. Automated Detection of Galactic Rings from SDSS Images
- Author
-
Abraham, Linn, Abraham, Sheelu, Kembhavi, Ajit K., Philip, N. S., Aniyan, A. K., Barway, Sudhanshu, and Kumar, Harish
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Morphological features in galaxies, like spiral arms, bars, rings, tidal tails etc. carry information about their structure, origin and evolution. It is therefore important to catalog and study such features and to correlate them with other basic galaxy properties, the environment in which the galaxies are located and their interactions with other galaxies. The volume of present and future data on galaxies is so large that traditional methods, which involve expert astronomers identifying morphological features through visual inspection, are no longer sufficient. It is therefore necessary to use AI based techniques like machine learning and deep learning for finding morphological structures quickly and efficiently. We report in this study the application of deep learning for finding ring like structures in galaxy images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release DR18. We use a catalog by Buta (2017) of ringed galaxies from the SDSS to train the network, reaching good accuracy and recall, and generate a catalog of 29420 galaxies of which 4855 have ring like structures with prediction confidence exceeding 90 percent. Using a catalog of barred galaxy images identified by Abraham et. al. (2018) using deep learning techniques, we identify a set of 2087 galaxies with bars as well as rings. The catalog should be very useful in understanding the origin of these important morphological structures. As an example of the usefulness of the catalog, we explore the environments and star formation characteristics of ring galaxies in our sample., Comment: 22 pages, 15 figures, 1 Table. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
- Published
- 2024
16. Hitting probabilities for fast stochastic search
- Author
-
Linn, Samantha and Lawley, Sean D.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Mathematics - Probability ,82-10, 60G07, 60G40, 92C05 - Abstract
Many physical phenomena are modeled as stochastic searchers looking for targets. In these models, the probability that a searcher finds a particular target, its so-called hitting probability, is often of considerable interest. In this work we determine hitting probabilities for stochastic search processes conditioned on being faster than a random short time. Such times have been used to model stochastic resetting or stochastic inactivation. These results apply to any search process, diffusive or otherwise, whose unconditional short-time behavior can be adequately approximated, which we characterize for broad classes of stochastic search. We illustrate these results in several examples and show that the conditional hitting probabilities depend predominantly on the relative geodesic lengths between the initial position of the searcher and the targets. Finally, we apply these results to a canonical evidence accumulation model for decision making., Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2024
17. Modeling and Simulation of Inelastic Effects in Composite Cables
- Author
-
Manfredo, Davide, Dörlich, Vanessa, Linn, Joachim, and Arnold, Martin
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science - Abstract
The present work aims at describing hysteresis behaviour arising from cyclic bending experiments on cables by means of the Preisach operator. Pure bending experiments conducted in previous work show that slender structures such as electric cables behave inelastically and open hysteresis loops arise, with noticeable difference between the first load cycle and the following ones. The Preisach operator plays an important role in describing the input-output relation in hysteresis behaviours and it can be expressed as a superposition of relay operators. Here, we utilise data collected from pure bending experiments for a first approach. We introduce a mathematical formulation of the problem, and starting from the curvature of the cable specimen, we recursively define the Preisach plane for this specific case. Therefore, we derive a suitable kernel function in a way that the integration of such function over the Preisach plane results in the bending moment of the specimen., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2403.03531
- Published
- 2024
18. Data based constitutive modelling of rate independent inelastic effects in composite cables using Preisach hysteresis operators
- Author
-
Manfredo, Davide, Dörlich, Vanessa, Linn, Joachim, and Arnold, Martin
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
This contribution aims at introducing first steps to develop hysteresis operator type inelastic constitutive laws for Cosserat rods for the simulation of cables composed of complex interior components. Motivated by the basic elements of Cosserat rod theory, we develop a specific approach to constitutive modelling adapted for this application. Afterwards, we describe the hysteretical behaviour arising from cyclic bending experiments on cables by means of the Preisach operator. As shown in pure bending experiments, slender structures such as electric cables behave inelastically, and open hysteresis loops arise with noticeable difference between the first load cycle and the following ones. The Preisach operator plays an important role in describing the input-output relation in hysteresis behaviours, and it can be expressed as a superposition of relay operators. Hence, a mathematical formulation of the problem is introduced, and a first attempt is made to determine the hysteresis behaviour that describes the relation between curvature and bending moment. Therefore, a suitable kernel function is identified in a way that its integration over the Preisach plane results in the bending moment of the specimen, and a comparison between different kernel functions is performed.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Modelling the inelastic constitutive behaviour of multi-layer spiral strands. Comparison of hysteresis operator approach to multi-scale model
- Author
-
Manfredo, Davide, Saadat, Mohammad Ali, Dörlich, Vanessa, Linn, Joachim, Durville, Damien, and Arnold, Martin
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
The simulation of inelastic effects in flexible slender technical devices has become of increasing interest in the past years. Different approaches have been considered depending on the effects relevant for the specific application. Recently, a mixed stress strain driven computational homogenisation has been proposed to model the dissipative nonlinear bending response of spiral strands subjected to axial force. In this study, we propose two different approaches, namely a rheological model and a databased greybox model, to predict the cyclic response of these strands using only their monotonic response. In the first approach, a system of so-called bending springs and sliders is used to model different contributions to the bending stiffness of the strands. The data-based approach makes use of mathematical tools called hysteresis operators. The Prandtl-Ishlinskii operator plays a relevant role in modelling the input-output relation in phenomena showing hysteretic behaviour and can be expressed as a weighted superposition of elementary stop operators. Comparing the two approaches leads to a better understanding and an explicit physical interpretation of the parameters of a specific class of hysteresis operator models.
- Published
- 2024
20. Effect of Interactive eHealth Interventions on Improving Medication Adherence in Adults With Long-Term Medication: Systematic Review
- Author
-
Pouls, Bart P H, Vriezekolk, Johanna E, Bekker, Charlotte L, Linn, Annemiek J, van Onzenoort, Hein A W, Vervloet, Marcia, van Dulmen, Sandra, and van den Bemt, Bart J F
- Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundMedication nonadherence leads to suboptimal treatment outcomes, making it a major priority in health care. eHealth provides an opportunity to offer medication adherence interventions with minimal effort from health care providers whose time and resources are limited. ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review is twofold: (1) to evaluate effectiveness of recently developed and tested interactive eHealth (including mHealth) interventions on medication adherence in adult patients using long-term medication and (2) to describe strategies among effective interventions. MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were systematically searched from January 2014 to July 2019 as well as reference lists and citations of included articles. Eligible studies fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: (1) randomized controlled trial with a usual care control group; (2) a total sample size of at least 50 adult patients using long-term medication; (3) applying an interactive eHealth intervention aimed at the patient or patient’s caregiver; and (4) medication adherence as primary outcome. Methodologic quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Selection and quality assessment of studies were performed by 2 researchers (BP and BvdB or JV) independently. A best evidence synthesis was performed according to the Cochrane Back Review Group. ResultsOf the 9047 records screened, 22 randomized clinical trials were included reporting on 29 interventions. Most (21/29, 72%) interventions specified using a (mobile) phone for calling, SMS text messaging, or mobile apps. A majority of all interactive interventions (17/29) had a statistically significant effect on medication adherence (P 2.0). Our best evidence synthesis provided strong evidence for a positive effect of interventions using SMS text messages or interactive voice response, mobile app, and calls as mode of providing adherence tele-feedback. Intervention strategies “to teach medication management skills,” “to improve health care quality by coordinating medication adherence care between professionals,” and “to facilitate communication or decision making between patients and health care providers” also showed strong evidence for a positive effect. ConclusionsOverall, this review supports the hypothesis that interactive eHealth interventions can be effective in improving medication adherence. Intervention strategies that improve patients’ treatment involvement and their medication management skills are most promising and should be considered for implementation in practice.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Parsing the Prospective Links from Externalizing and Internalizing Symptoms to Substance Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author
-
Chu, Xiatian, Givens, Tahjanee V., Liu, Yuanjie R., Hessong, Anabelle C., Zapffe, Linn, Zhang, Qilin, Boyd, Sophie, and Cole, Veronica T.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Comparable improvement and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities in endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty vs laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: single-center study
- Author
-
Joseph, Stephanie, Vandruff, Vanessa N., Amundson, Julia R., Che, Simon, Zimmermann, Christopher, Ishii, Shun, Kuchta, Kristine, Hedberg, H. Mason, Denham, Woody, Linn, John, and Ujiki, Michael B.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Designing for learning across disciplines: leveraging graphs to improve knowledge integration in science
- Author
-
Boda, Phillip A., Bathia, Shruti, Gerard, Libby, and Linn, Marcia C.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Control of Shallow Water Flows Using an Optimization Procedure and Finite Element Analysis
- Author
-
Grave, Malú, Linn, Renato Vaz, and Awruch, Armando Miguel
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Higher rates of recurrence and worse quality of life in obese patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair
- Author
-
Attaar, Mikhail, Forester, Beau, Kuchta, Kristine, Ujiki, Michael B., Linn, John, Denham, Woody, Hedberg, H. Mason, and Haggerty, Stephen
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Efficient Production and Purification of Bioactive E50-52-Class IIa Peptidic Bacteriocin Is Achieved through Fusion with the Catalytic Domain of Lysostaphin-Class III Bacteriocin
- Author
-
Phrutpoom, Nichakarn, Khaokhiew, Tararat, Linn, Aung Khine, Sakdee, Somsri, Imtong, Chompounoot, Jongruja, Nujarin, and Angsuthanasombat, Chanan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Using the Infant Sibling-Design to Explore Associations Between Autism and ADHD Traits in Probands and Temperament in the Younger Siblings
- Author
-
Andersson Konke, Linn, Falck-Ytter, Terje, Jones, Emily J. H., Goodwin, Amy, and Brocki, Karin
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Repeated cognitive assessments show stable function over time in patients with ALS
- Author
-
Öijerstedt, Linn, Foucher, Juliette, Lovik, Anikó, Yazdani, Solmaz, Juto, Alexander, Kläppe, Ulf, Fang, Fang, and Ingre, Caroline
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Patients’ Convergence of Mass and Interpersonal Communication on an Online Forum: Hybrid Methods Analysis
- Author
-
Sanders, Remco, Araujo, Theo B, Vliegenthart, Rens, van Eenbergen, Mies C, van Weert, Julia C M, and Linn, Annemiek J
- Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundPatients are increasingly taking an active role in their health. In doing so, they combine both mass and interpersonal media to gratify their cognitive and affective needs (ie, convergence). Owing to methodological challenges when studying convergence, a detailed view of how patients are using different types of media for needs fulfillment is lacking. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to obtain insight into the frequency of reported convergence, how convergence affects what posters write online, motives for posting, and the needs posters are trying to fulfill. MethodsUsing a hybrid method of content analysis and supervised machine learning, this study used naturally available data to fill this research gap. We analyzed opening posts (N=1708) of an online forum targeting cancer patients and their relatives (Kanker.nl). ResultsNearly one-third of the forum opening posts contained signs of convergence in mass or interpersonal media. Posts containing mass media references disclosed less personal information and were more geared toward community enhancement and sharing experiences compared to posts without convergence. Furthermore, compared to posts without signs of convergence, posts that included interpersonal media references disclosed more personal information, and posters were more likely to ask for the experiences of fellow users to fulfill their needs. Within posts containing signs of convergence, posts including interpersonal media references reported fewer shortages of information, disclosed more information about the disease, and were more active in seeking other posters’ experiences compared to posts containing mass media references. ConclusionsThe current study highlights the intertwining of media platforms for patients. The insights of this study can be used to adapt the health care system toward a new type of health information–seeking behavior in which one medium is not trusted to fulfill all needs. Instead, providers should incorporate the intertwinement of sources by providing patients with reliable websites and forums through which they can fulfill their needs.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. SECOMP: Formally Secure Compilation of Compartmentalized C Programs
- Author
-
Thibault, Jérémy, Blanco, Roberto, Lee, Dongjae, Argo, Sven, de Amorim, Arthur Azevedo, Georges, Aïna Linn, Hritcu, Catalin, and Tolmach, Andrew
- Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
Undefined behavior in C often causes devastating security vulnerabilities. One practical mitigation is compartmentalization, which allows developers to structure large programs into mutually distrustful compartments with clearly specified privileges and interactions. In this paper we introduce SECOMP, a compiler for compartmentalized C code that comes with machine-checked proofs guaranteeing that the scope of undefined behavior is restricted to the compartments that encounter it and become dynamically compromised. These guarantees are formalized as the preservation of safety properties against adversarial contexts, a secure compilation criterion similar to full abstraction, and this is the first time such a strong criterion is proven for a mainstream programming language. To achieve this we extend the languages of the CompCert verified C compiler with isolated compartments that can only interact via procedure calls and returns, as specified by cross-compartment interfaces. We adapt the passes and optimizations of CompCert as well as their correctness proofs to this compartment-aware setting. We then use compiler correctness as an ingredient in a larger secure compilation proof that involves several proof engineering novelties, needed to scale formally secure compilation up to a C compiler., Comment: CCS'24 camera ready version, extended with appendices and a few more references
- Published
- 2024
31. Fast decisions reflect biases, slow decisions do not
- Author
-
Linn, Samantha, Lawley, Sean D., Karamched, Bhargav R., Kilpatrick, Zachary P., and Josić, Krešimir
- Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society ,Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
Decisions are often made by heterogeneous groups of individuals, each with distinct initial biases and access to information of different quality. We show that in large groups of independent agents who accumulate evidence the first to decide are those with the strongest initial biases. Their decisions align with their initial bias, regardless of the underlying truth. In contrast, agents who decide last make decisions as if they were initially unbiased, and hence make better choices. We obtain asymptotic expressions in the large population limit that quantify how agents' initial inclinations shape early decisions. Our analysis shows how bias, information quality, and decision order interact in non-trivial ways to determine the reliability of decisions in a group., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures
- Published
- 2023
32. Optimising spectroscopic observations of transiting exoplanets
- Author
-
Boldt-Christmas, Linn, Lesjak, Fabio, Wehrhahn, Ansgar, Piskunov, Nikolai, Rains, Adam D., Nortmann, Lisa, and Kochukhov, Oleg
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
When observing the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets using high-resolution spectroscopy, one aims to detect well-resolved spectral features with high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) as is possible today with modern spectrographs. However, obtaining such high-quality observations comes with a trade-off: a lower cadence of fewer, longer exposures across the transit collects more photons thanks to reduced overheads, enhancing the SNR of each observation, while a higher cadence of several, shorter exposures minimises spectral feature smearing due to the continuously changing radial velocity of the planet. Considering that maximising SNR and minimising smearing are both beneficial to analysis, there is a need to establish where the optimal compromise lies. In this work, we model real transit events based on targets as they would be observed with VLT/CRIRES+ at Paranal Observatory. Creating four hypothetical scenarios, we simulate each observation across 100 realisations of the same transit event in order to vary the time resolution only. We remove telluric and stellar lines using the SYSREM algorithm and analyse them through cross-correlation with model templates, measuring how successfully each time resolution and case detects the planetary signal. We demonstrate that there is a continuous change in the detection significance based on time resolutions, and that the function of this significance has clear maxima. The strength and location of this maxima varies on e.g. planet system parameters, instrumentation, and no. of removal iterations. We discuss why observers should therefore take several factors into account, using a strategy akin to the 'exposure triangle' from traditional photography where a balance must be struck by considering the full context of the observation. Our method is robust and may be employed by observers to estimate best observational strategies for other targets., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Accepted 13 Dec 2023 for publication in A&A
- Published
- 2023
33. Minutes-duration Optical Flares with Supernova Luminosities
- Author
-
Ho, Anna Y. Q., Perley, Daniel A., Chen, Ping, Schulze, Steve, Dhillon, Vik, Kumar, Harsh, Suresh, Aswin, Swain, Vishwajeet, Bremer, Michael, Smartt, Stephen J., Anderson, Joseph P., Anupama, G. C., Awiphan, Supachai, Barway, Sudhanshu, Bellm, Eric C., Ben-Ami, Sagi, Bhalerao, Varun, de Boer, Thomas, Brink, Thomas G., Burruss, Rick, Chandra, Poonam, Chen, Ting-Wan, Chen, Wen-Ping, Cooke, Jeff, Coughlin, Michael W., Das, Kaustav K., Drake, Andrew J., Filippenko, Alexei V., Freeburn, James, Fremling, Christoffer, Fulton, Michael D., Gal-Yam, Avishay, Galbany, Lluís, Gao, Hua, Graham, Matthew J., Gromadzki, Mariusz, Gutiérrez, Claudia P., Hinds, K-Ryan, Inserra, Cosimo, J., Nayana A., Karambelkar, Viraj, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Kulkarni, Shri, Müller-Bravo, Tomás E., Magnier, Eugene A., Mahabal, Ashish A., Moore, Thomas, Ngeow, Chow-Choong, Nicholl, Matt, Ofek, Eran O., Omand, Conor M. B., Onori, Francesca, Pan, Yen-Chen, Pessi, Priscila J., Petitpas, Glen, Polishook, David, Poshyachinda, Saran, Pursiainen, Miika, Riddle, Reed, Rodriguez, Antonio C., Rusholme, Ben, Segre, Enrico, Sharma, Yashvi, Smith, Ken W., Sollerman, Jesper, Srivastav, Shubham, Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Suhr, Mark, Svinkin, Dmitry, Wang, Yanan, Wiseman, Philip, Wold, Avery, Yang, Sheng, Yang, Yi, Yao, Yuhan, Young, David R., and Zheng, WeiKang
- Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
In recent years, certain luminous extragalactic optical transients have been observed to last only a few days. Their short observed duration implies a different powering mechanism from the most common luminous extragalactic transients (supernovae) whose timescale is weeks. Some short-duration transients, most notably AT2018cow, display blue optical colours and bright radio and X-ray emission. Several AT2018cow-like transients have shown hints of a long-lived embedded energy source, such as X-ray variability, prolonged ultraviolet emission, a tentative X-ray quasiperiodic oscillation, and large energies coupled to fast (but subrelativistic) radio-emitting ejecta. Here we report observations of minutes-duration optical flares in the aftermath of an AT2018cow-like transient, AT2022tsd (the "Tasmanian Devil"). The flares occur over a period of months, are highly energetic, and are likely nonthermal, implying that they arise from a near-relativistic outflow or jet. Our observations confirm that in some AT2018cow-like transients the embedded energy source is a compact object, either a magnetar or an accreting black hole., Comment: 79 pages, 3 figures (main text) + 7 figures (extended data) + 2 figures (supplementary information). Published online in Nature on 15 November 2023
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Resource analysis of quantum algorithms for coarse-grained protein folding models
- Author
-
Linn, Hanna, Brundin, Isak, García-Álvarez, Laura, and Johansson, Göran
- Subjects
Quantum Physics - Abstract
Protein folding processes are a vital aspect of molecular biology that is hard to simulate with conventional computers. Quantum algorithms have been proven superior for certain problems and may help tackle this complex life science challenge. We analyze the resource requirements for simulating protein folding on a quantum computer, assessing this problem's feasibility in the current and near-future technological landscape. We calculate the minimum number of qubits, interactions, and two-qubit gates necessary to build a heuristic quantum algorithm with the specific information of a folding problem. Particularly, we focus on the resources needed to build quantum operations based on the Hamiltonian linked to the protein folding models for a given amino acid count. Such operations are a fundamental component of these quantum algorithms, guiding the evolution of the quantum state for efficient computations. Specifically, we study course-grained folding models on the lattice and the fixed backbone side-chain conformation model and assess their compatibility with the constraints of existing quantum hardware given different bit-encodings. We conclude that the number of qubits required falls within current technological capabilities. However, the limiting factor is the high number of interactions in the Hamiltonian, resulting in a quantum gate count unavailable today., Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Treatment for Stuttering in Preschool-Age Children: A Qualitative Document Analysis of Treatment Programs
- Author
-
Åse Sjøstrand, Kari-Anne Bottegård Naess, Ane Hestmann Melle, Karoline Hoff, Elisabeth Holm Hansen, and Linn Stokke Guttormsen
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify commonalities and differences between content components in stuttering treatment programs for preschool-age children. Method: In this document analysis, a thematic analysis of the content was conducted of handbooks and manuals describing Early Childhood Stuttering Therapy, the Lidcombe Program, Mini-KIDS, Palin Parent--Child Interaction Therapy, RESTART Demands and Capacities Model Method, and the Westmead Program. First, a theoretical framework defining a content component in treatment was developed. Second, we coded and categorized the data following the procedure of reflexive thematic analysis. In addition, the first authors of the treatment documents have reviewed the findings in this study, and their feedback has been analyzed and taken into consideration. Results: Sixty-one content components within the seven themes--"interaction, coping, reactions, everyday life, information, language, and speech"--were identified across the treatment programs. The content component "SLP providing information about the child's stuttering" was identified across all treatment programs. All programs are multithematic, and no treatment program has a single focus on speech, language, or parent-child interaction. A comparison of the programs with equal treatment goals highlighted more commonalities in content components across the programs. The differences between the treatment programs were evident in both the number of content components that varied from seven to 39 and the content included in each treatment program. Conclusions: Only one common content component was identified across programs, and the number and types of components vary widely. The role that the common content component plays in treatment effects is discussed, alongside implications for research and clinical practice.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Calling the Soul Back: Embodied Spirituality in Chicanx Narrative by Christina Garcia Lopez (review)
- Author
-
Rincón, Belinda Linn
- Published
- 2024
37. The Exogeneity Question(s)
- Author
-
Linn, Suzanna, Webb, Clayton, Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M., book editor, Christenson, Dino P., book editor, and Sinclair-Chapman, Valeria, book editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The KeyMath-3 Essential Resource Program: Mathematics Achievement of Students Served in Resource Settings
- Author
-
Linn, Diana and Brown, Randel
- Abstract
Special Education teachers serve students who are struggling in mathematics and continue to fall further behind each year. Educators are faced with the challenge of selecting the most effective program for assessing and teaching mathematics that will promote mathematics achievement for students who are served in resource settings. The KeyMath-3 Essential Resources (KeyMath-3 ER) is a mathematics program aligned with National Council of Teachers of Mathematics standards, which incorporates research-based practices for teaching mathematics to students with disabilities. This study utilized the KeyMath-3 ER program as an intervention with five second-grade students with various disabilities receiving their mathematics instruction in a resource setting. The results demonstrated the potential usefulness of KeyMath-3 ER as an effective program for students in a resource setting. The one outlier was a student with autism who did not show significant progress demonstrating a need for further research to assess the effectiveness of using this program with like students.
- Published
- 2023
39. Yield and clinical impact of image-guided bone biopsy in osteomyelitis of the appendicular skeleton: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Smayra, Karen, Miangul, Shahid, Witkowiak, Maria M., Persson, Linn K. M., Lugard, Emily E., Adra, Maamoun, Yap, Nathanael Q. E., Ball, Jake, Nakanishi, Hayato, Than, Christian A., and Khoo, Michael
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Simulation and parameterization of nonlinear elastic behavior of cables
- Author
-
Zhao, Tian, Schneider-Jung, Fabio, Linn, Joachim, and Müller, Ralf
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Temporal and spatial variation in the direct and indirect effects of climate on reproduction in alpine populations of Ranunculus acris L
- Author
-
Vassvik, Linn, Vandvik, Vigdis, Östman, Silje Andrea Hjortland, Nielsen, Anders, and Halbritter, Aud H.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The Epistemic Condition for Character Responsibility
- Author
-
Linn, Marcella
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Magnetic field-dependent rheological behavior of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) solutions
- Author
-
Neal, Christopher A. P., Shetty, Abhishek M., Linn, Jason D., Quan, Michelle C., Casas, Joseph D., and Calabrese, Michelle A.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A European survey of older peoples’ preferences, and perceived barriers and facilitators to inform development of a medication-related fall-prevention patient portal
- Author
-
Ploegmakers, Kim J., Linn, A. J., Medlock, S., Seppälä, L. J., Bahat, G., Caballero-Mora, M. A., Ilhan, B., Landi, F., Masud, T., Morrissey, Y., Ryg, J., Topinkova, E., van der Velde, N., and van Weert, J. C. M.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Akkermansia muciniphila exoglycosidases target extended blood group antigens to generate ABO-universal blood
- Author
-
Jensen, Mathias, Stenfelt, Linn, Ricci Hagman, Jennifer, Pichler, Michael Jakob, Weikum, Julia, Nielsen, Tine Sofie, Hult, Annika, Morth, Jens Preben, Olsson, Martin L., and Abou Hachem, Maher
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Assessing the Longitudinal Associations Between Decision-Making Processes and Attention Problems in Early Adolescence
- Author
-
Wiker, Thea, Pedersen, Mads L., Ferschmann, Lia, Beck, Dani, Norbom, Linn B., Dahl, Andreas, von Soest, Tilmann, Agartz, Ingrid, Andreassen, Ole A., Moberget, Torgeir, Westlye, Lars T., Huster, Rene J., and Tamnes, Christian K.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Potential Lifshitz transition at optimal substitution in nematic pnictide Ba$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$Ni$_2$As$_2$
- Author
-
Narayan, Dushyant M., Hao, Peipei, Kurleto, Rafał, Berggren, Bryan S., Linn, A. Garrison, Eckberg, Christopher, Saraf, Prathum, Collini, John, Zavalij, Peter, Hashimoto, Makoto, Lu, Donghui, Fernandes, Rafael M., Paglione, Johnpierre, and Dessau, Daniel S.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
BaNi$_2$As$_2$ is a structural analog of the pnictide superconductor BaFe$_2$As$_2$, which, like the iron-based superconductors, hosts a variety of ordered phases including charge density waves (CDWs), electronic nematicity, and superconductivity. Upon isovalent Sr substitution on the Ba site, the charge and nematic orders are suppressed, followed by a sixfold enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature ($T_c$). To understand the mechanisms responsible for enhancement of $T_c$, we present high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements of the Ba$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$Ni$_2$As$_2$ series, which agree well with our density functional theory (DFT) calculations throughout the substitution range. Analysis of our ARPES-validated DFT results indicates a Lifshitz transition and reasonably nested electron and hole Fermi pockets near optimal substitution where $T_c$ is maximum. These nested pockets host Ni $d_{xz}$/$d_{yz}$ orbital compositions, which we associate with the enhancement of nematic fluctuations, revealing unexpected connections to the iron-pnictide superconductors. This gives credence to a scenario in which nematic fluctuations drive an enhanced $T_c$., Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Can Uranus and Neptune form concurrently via pebble, gas and planetesimal accretion?
- Author
-
Eriksson, Linn E. J., Lous, Marit A. S. Mol, Shibata, Sho, and Helled, Ravit
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
The origin of Uranus and Neptune has long been challenging to explain, due to the large orbital distances from the Sun. After a planetary embryo has been formed, the main accretion processes are likely pebble, gas and planetesimal accretion. Previous studies of Uranus and Neptune formation typically don't consider all three processes; and furthermore, do not investigate how the formation of the outer planet impacts the inner planet. In this paper we study the concurrent formation of Uranus and Neptune via both pebble, gas and planetesimal accretion. We use a dust-evolution model to predict the size and mass flux of pebbles, and derive our own fit for gas accretion. We do not include migration, but consider a wide range of formation locations between 12 and 40au. If the planetary embryos form at the same time and with the same mass, our formation model with an evolving dust population is unable to produce Uranus and Neptune analogues. This is because the mass difference between the planets and the H-He mass fractions become too high. However, if the outer planetary embryo forms earlier and/or more massive than the inner embryo, the two planets do form in a few instances when the disk is metal-rich and dissipates after a few Myr. Furthermore, our study suggests that in-situ formation is rather unlikely. Nethertheless, giant impacts and/or migration could potentially aid in the formation, and future studies including these processes could bring us one step closer to understanding how Uranus and Neptune formed., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
- Published
- 2023
49. Detecting quantum speedup of random walks with machine learning
- Author
-
Linn, Hanna, Zheng, Yu, and Kockum, Anton Frisk
- Subjects
Quantum Physics - Abstract
We explore the use of machine-learning techniques to detect quantum speedup in random walks on graphs. Specifically, we investigate the performance of three different neural-network architectures (variations on fully connected and convolutional neural networks) for identifying linear, cyclic, and random graphs that yield quantum speedups in terms of the hitting time for reaching a target node after starting in another node of the graph. Our results indicate that carefully building the data set for training can improve the performance of the neural networks, but all architectures we test struggle to classify large random graphs and generalize from training on one graph size to testing on another. If classification accuracy can be improved further, valuable insights about quantum advantage may be gleaned from these neural networks, not only for random walks, but more generally for quantum computing and quantum transport., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2023
50. SemOpenAlex: The Scientific Landscape in 26 Billion RDF Triples
- Author
-
Färber, Michael, Lamprecht, David, Krause, Johan, Aung, Linn, and Haase, Peter
- Subjects
Computer Science - Digital Libraries ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
We present SemOpenAlex, an extensive RDF knowledge graph that contains over 26 billion triples about scientific publications and their associated entities, such as authors, institutions, journals, and concepts. SemOpenAlex is licensed under CC0, providing free and open access to the data. We offer the data through multiple channels, including RDF dump files, a SPARQL endpoint, and as a data source in the Linked Open Data cloud, complete with resolvable URIs and links to other data sources. Moreover, we provide embeddings for knowledge graph entities using high-performance computing. SemOpenAlex enables a broad range of use-case scenarios, such as exploratory semantic search via our website, large-scale scientific impact quantification, and other forms of scholarly big data analytics within and across scientific disciplines. Additionally, it enables academic recommender systems, such as recommending collaborators, publications, and venues, including explainability capabilities. Finally, SemOpenAlex can serve for RDF query optimization benchmarks, creating scholarly knowledge-guided language models, and as a hub for semantic scientific publishing., Comment: accepted at ISWC'23
- Published
- 2023
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.