106 results on '"Leendertz F"'
Search Results
2. Functional host-specific adaptation of the intestinal microbiome in hominids
- Author
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Rühlemann, M. C., primary, Bang, C., additional, Gogarten, J. F., additional, Hermes, B. M., additional, Groussin, M., additional, Waschina, S., additional, Poyet, M., additional, Ulrich, M., additional, Akoua-Koffi, C., additional, Deschner, T., additional, Muyembe-Tamfum, J. J., additional, Robbins, M. M., additional, Surbeck, M., additional, Wittig, R. M., additional, Zuberbühler, K., additional, Baines, J. F., additional, Leendertz, F. H., additional, and Franke, A., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Mammal mitogenomics from invertebrate‐derived DNA (advance online)
- Author
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Danabalan, R., Merkel, K., Bærholm Schnell, I., Arandjelovic, M., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-9684, Boesch, C., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-7858, Brazzola, G., Dieguez, P., Dupain, J., Kambale‐Vyalengerera, M., Kühl, H., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4440-9161, Hoffmann, C., Lapuente, J., Ngoc Thinh, V., Zimmermann, F., Leendertz, F., Gilbert, M., Roos, C., Mazzoni, C., Gogarten, J., and Calvignac‐Spencer, S.
- Abstract
The metabarcoding of vertebrate DNA found in invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) has proven a powerful tool for monitoring biodiversity. To date, iDNA has primarily been used to detect the presence/absence of particular taxa using metabarcoding, though recent efforts demonstrated the potential utility of these data for estimating relative animal abundance. Here, we test whether iDNA can also be used to reconstruct complete mammalian mitogenomes and therefore bring the field closer to population-level analyses. Specifically, we used mitogenomic hybridization capture coupled with high-throughput sequencing to analyze individual (N = 7) or pooled (N = 5) fly-derived DNA extracts, and individual (N = 7) or pooled (N = 1) leech-derived DNA extracts, which were known a priori to contain primate DNA. All sources of iDNA showed their ability to generate large amounts of mammalian mitogenomic information and deeper sequencing of libraries is predicted to allow for even more complete recovery of primate mitogenomes from most samples (90%). Sixty percent of these iDNA extracts allowed for the recovery of (near) complete mammalian mitochondrial genomes (hereafter mitogenomes) that proved useable for phylogenomic analyses. These findings contribute to paving the way for iDNA-based population mitogenomic studies of terrestrial mammals. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental DNA published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- Published
- 2023
4. Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio-ecology
- Author
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Gräßle, T., Crockford, C., Eichner, C., Girard-Buttoz, C., Jäger, C., Kirilina, E., Lipp, I., Düx, A., Edwards, L., Jauch, A., Kopp, K., Paquette, M., Pine, K., Haun, D., McElreath, R., Anwander, A., Gunz, P., Morawski, M., Friederici, A., Weiskopf, N., Leendertz, F., Wittig, R., and EBC Consortium
- Subjects
Ecological Modeling ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio-ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat. The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio-ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites. Brains are assessed at a fine-structural level via high-resolution MRI and state-of-the-art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo-living primates. Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio-ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro- and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments.
- Published
- 2023
5. Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio‐ecology (advance online)
- Author
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Gräßle, T., Crockford, C., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-5106, Eichner, C., Girard-Buttoz, C., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1742-4400, Jäger, C., Kirilina, E., Lipp, I., Düx, A., Edwards, L., Jauch, A., Kopp, K., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8414-3193, Paquette, M., Pine, K., Haun, D., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-645X, McElreath, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5377, Anwander, A., Gunz, P., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2350-4450, Morawski, M., Friederici, A., Weiskopf, N., Leendertz, F., Wittig, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-4031, and EBC Consortium
- Abstract
The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio-ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat.The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio-ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites.Brains are assessed at a fine-structural level via high-resolution MRI and state-of-the-art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo-living primates.Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio-ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro- and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments
- Published
- 2023
6. The importance of well protected forests for the conservation genetics of West African colobine monkeys
- Author
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Minhós, T., Borges, F., Parreira, B., Oliveira, R., Aleixo-Pais, I., Leendertz, F., Wittig, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-4031, Fernandes, C., Silva, M., Lima, G., Duarte, M., Bruford, M., da Silva, F., Joana, M., Chikhi, L., and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
- Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
In tropical forests, anthropogenic activities are major drivers of the destruction and degradation of natural habitats, causing severe biodiversity loss. African colobine monkeys (Colobinae) are mainly folivore and strictly arboreal primates that require large forests to subsist, being among the most vulnerable of all nonhuman primates. The Western red colobus Piliocolobus badius and the King colobus Colobus polykomos inhabit highly fragmented West African forests, including the Cantanhez Forests National Park (CFNP) in Guinea-Bissau. Both species are also found in the largest and best-preserved West African forest?the Taï National Park (TNP) in Ivory Coast. Colobine monkeys are hunted for bushmeat in both protected areas, but these exhibit contrasting levels of forest fragmentation, thus offering an excellent opportunity to investigate the importance of well-preserved forests for the maintenance of evolutionary potential in these arboreal primates. We estimated genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history by using microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA. We then compared the genetic patterns of the colobines from TNP with the ones previously obtained for CFNP and found contrasting genetic patterns. Contrary to the colobines from CFNP that showed very low genetic diversity and a strong population decline, the populations in TNP still maintain high levels of genetic diversity and we found no clear signal of population decrease in Western red colobus and a limited decrease in King colobus. These results suggest larger and historically more stable populations in TNP compared to CFNP. We cannot exclude the possibility that the demographic effects resulting from the recent increase of bushmeat hunting are not yet detectable in TNP using genetic data. Nevertheless, the fact that the TNP colobus populations are highly genetically diverse and maintain large effective population sizes suggests that well-preserved forests are crucial for the maintenance of populations, species, and probably for the evolutionary potential in colobines.
- Published
- 2022
7. The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance
- Author
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Tegally, H, San, JE, Cotten, M, Moir, M, Tegomoh, B, Mboowa, G, Martin, DP, Baxter, C, Lambisia, AW, Diallo, A, Amoako, DG, Diagne, MM, Sisay, A, Zekri, A-RN, Gueye, AS, Sangare, AK, Ouedraogo, A-S, Sow, A, Musa, AO, Sesay, AK, Abias, AG, Elzagheid, A, Lagare, A, Kemi, A-S, Abar, AE, Johnson, AA, Fowotade, A, Oluwapelumi, AO, Amuri, AA, Juru, A, Kandeil, A, Mostafa, A, Rebai, A, Sayed, A, Kazeem, A, Balde, A, Christoffels, A, Trotter, AJ, Campbell, A, Keita, AK, Kone, A, Bouzid, A, Souissi, A, Agweyu, A, Naguib, A, Gutierrez, A, Nkeshimana, A, Page, AJ, Yadouleton, A, Vinze, A, Happi, AN, Chouikha, A, Iranzadeh, A, Maharaj, A, Batchi-Bouyou, AL, Ismail, A, Sylverken, AA, Goba, A, Femi, A, Sijuwola, AE, Marycelin, B, Salako, BL, Oderinde, BS, Bolajoko, B, Diarra, B, Herring, BL, Tsofa, B, Lekana-Douki, B, Mvula, B, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B-M, Marondera, BT, Khaireh, BA, Kouriba, B, Adu, B, Pool, B, McInnis, B, Brook, C, Williamson, C, Nduwimana, C, Anscombe, C, Pratt, CB, Scheepers, C, Akoua-Koffi, CG, Agoti, CN, Mapanguy, CM, Loucoubar, C, Onwuamah, CK, Ihekweazu, C, Malaka, CN, Peyrefitte, C, Grace, C, Omoruyi, CE, Rafai, CD, Morang'a, CM, Erameh, C, Lule, DB, Bridges, DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka, D, Park, D, Rasmussen, DA, Baker, D, Nokes, DJ, Ssemwanga, D, Tshiabuila, D, Amuzu, DSY, Goedhals, D, Grant, DS, Omuoyo, DO, Maruapula, D, Wanjohi, DW, Foster-Nyarko, E, Lusamaki, EK, Simulundu, E, Ong'era, EM, Ngabana, EN, Abworo, EO, Otieno, E, Shumba, E, Barasa, E, Ahmed, EB, Ahmed, EA, Lokilo, E, Mukantwari, E, Philomena, E, Belarbi, E, Simon-Loriere, E, Anoh, EA, Manuel, E, Leendertz, F, Taweh, FM, Wasfi, F, Abdelmoula, F, Takawira, FT, Derrar, F, Ajogbasile, F, Treurnicht, F, Onikepe, F, Ntoumi, F, Muyembe, FM, Ragomzingba, FEZ, Dratibi, FA, Iyanu, F-A, Mbunsu, GK, Thilliez, G, Kay, GL, Akpede, GO, van Zyl, GU, Awandare, GA, Kpeli, GS, Schubert, G, Maphalala, GP, Ranaivoson, HC, Omunakwe, HE, Onywera, H, Abe, H, Karray, H, Nansumba, H, Triki, H, Kadjo, HAA, Elgahzaly, H, Gumbo, H, Mathieu, H, Kavunga-Membo, H, Smeti, I, Olawoye, IB, Adetifa, IMO, Odia, I, Ben Boubaker, IB, Mohammad, IA, Ssewanyana, I, Wurie, I, Konstantinus, IS, Halatoko, JWA, Ayei, J, Sonoo, J, Makangara, J-CC, Tamfum, J-JM, Heraud, J-M, Shaffer, JG, Giandhari, J, Musyoki, J, Nkurunziza, J, Uwanibe, JN, Bhiman, JN, Yasuda, J, Morais, J, Kiconco, J, Sandi, JD, Huddleston, J, Odoom, JK, Morobe, JM, Gyapong, JO, Kayiwa, JT, Okolie, JC, Xavier, JS, Gyamfi, J, Wamala, JF, Bonney, JHK, Nyandwi, J, Everatt, J, Nakaseegu, J, Ngoi, JM, Namulondo, J, Oguzie, JU, Andeko, JC, Lutwama, JJ, Mogga, JJH, O'Grady, J, Siddle, KJ, Victoir, K, Adeyemi, KT, Tumedi, KA, Carvalho, KS, Mohammed, KS, Dellagi, K, Musonda, KG, Duedu, KO, Fki-Berrajah, L, Singh, L, Kepler, LM, Biscornet, L, Martins, LDO, Chabuka, L, Olubayo, L, Ojok, LD, Deng, LL, Ochola-Oyier, L, Tyers, L, Mine, M, Ramuth, M, Mastouri, M, ElHefnawi, M, Mbanne, M, Matsheka, M, Kebabonye, M, Diop, M, Momoh, M, Lima Mendonca, MDL, Venter, M, Paye, MF, Faye, M, Nyaga, MM, Mareka, M, Damaris, M-M, Mburu, MW, Mpina, MG, Owusu, M, Wiley, MR, Tatfeng, MY, Ayekaba, MO, Abouelhoda, M, Beloufa, MA, Seadawy, MG, Khalifa, MK, Matobo, MM, Kane, M, Salou, M, Mbulawa, MB, Mwenda, M, Allam, M, Phan, MVT, Abid, N, Rujeni, N, Abuzaid, N, Ismael, N, Elguindy, N, Top, NM, Dia, N, Mabunda, N, Hsiao, N-Y, Silochi, NB, Francisco, NM, Saasa, N, Bbosa, N, Murunga, N, Gumede, N, Wolter, N, Sitharam, N, Ndodo, N, Ajayi, NA, Tordo, N, Mbhele, N, Razanajatovo, NH, Iguosadolo, N, Mba, N, Kingsley, OC, Sylvanus, O, Femi, O, Adewumi, OM, Testimony, O, Ogunsanya, OA, Fakayode, O, Ogah, OE, Oludayo, O-E, Faye, O, Smith-Lawrence, P, Ondoa, P, Combe, P, Nabisubi, P, Semanda, P, Oluniyi, PE, Arnaldo, P, Quashie, PK, Okokhere, PO, Bejon, P, Dussart, P, Bester, PA, Mbala, PK, Kaleebu, P, Abechi, P, El-Shesheny, R, Joseph, R, Aziz, RK, Essomba, RG, Ayivor-Djanie, R, Njouom, R, Phillips, RO, Gorman, R, Kingsley, RA, Neto Rodrigues, RMDESA, Audu, RA, Carr, RAA, Gargouri, S, Masmoudi, S, Bootsma, S, Sankhe, S, Mohamed, SI, Femi, S, Mhalla, S, Hosch, S, Kassim, SK, Metha, S, Trabelsi, S, Agwa, SH, Mwangi, SW, Doumbia, S, Makiala-Mandanda, S, Aryeetey, S, Ahmed, SS, Ahmed, SM, Elhamoumi, S, Moyo, S, Lutucuta, S, Gaseitsiwe, S, Jalloh, S, Andriamandimby, SF, Oguntope, S, Grayo, S, Lekana-Douki, S, Prosolek, S, Ouangraoua, S, van Wyk, S, Schaffner, SF, Kanyerezi, S, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Rudder, S, Pillay, S, Nabadda, S, Behillil, S, Budiaki, SL, van der Werf, S, Mashe, T, Mohale, T, Le-Viet, T, Velavan, TP, Schindler, T, Maponga, TG, Bedford, T, Anyaneji, UJ, Chinedu, U, Ramphal, U, George, UE, Enouf, V, Nene, V, Gorova, V, Roshdy, WH, Karim, WA, Ampofo, WK, Preiser, W, Choga, WT, Ahmed, YA, Ramphal, Y, Bediako, Y, Naidoo, Y, Butera, Y, de Laurent, ZR, Ouma, AEO, von Gottberg, A, Githinji, G, Moeti, M, Tomori, O, Sabeti, PC, Sall, AA, Oyola, SO, Tebeje, YK, Tessema, SK, de Oliveira, T, Happi, C, Lessells, R, Nkengasong, J, Wilkinson, E, Tegally, H, San, JE, Cotten, M, Moir, M, Tegomoh, B, Mboowa, G, Martin, DP, Baxter, C, Lambisia, AW, Diallo, A, Amoako, DG, Diagne, MM, Sisay, A, Zekri, A-RN, Gueye, AS, Sangare, AK, Ouedraogo, A-S, Sow, A, Musa, AO, Sesay, AK, Abias, AG, Elzagheid, A, Lagare, A, Kemi, A-S, Abar, AE, Johnson, AA, Fowotade, A, Oluwapelumi, AO, Amuri, AA, Juru, A, Kandeil, A, Mostafa, A, Rebai, A, Sayed, A, Kazeem, A, Balde, A, Christoffels, A, Trotter, AJ, Campbell, A, Keita, AK, Kone, A, Bouzid, A, Souissi, A, Agweyu, A, Naguib, A, Gutierrez, A, Nkeshimana, A, Page, AJ, Yadouleton, A, Vinze, A, Happi, AN, Chouikha, A, Iranzadeh, A, Maharaj, A, Batchi-Bouyou, AL, Ismail, A, Sylverken, AA, Goba, A, Femi, A, Sijuwola, AE, Marycelin, B, Salako, BL, Oderinde, BS, Bolajoko, B, Diarra, B, Herring, BL, Tsofa, B, Lekana-Douki, B, Mvula, B, Njanpop-Lafourcade, B-M, Marondera, BT, Khaireh, BA, Kouriba, B, Adu, B, Pool, B, McInnis, B, Brook, C, Williamson, C, Nduwimana, C, Anscombe, C, Pratt, CB, Scheepers, C, Akoua-Koffi, CG, Agoti, CN, Mapanguy, CM, Loucoubar, C, Onwuamah, CK, Ihekweazu, C, Malaka, CN, Peyrefitte, C, Grace, C, Omoruyi, CE, Rafai, CD, Morang'a, CM, Erameh, C, Lule, DB, Bridges, DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka, D, Park, D, Rasmussen, DA, Baker, D, Nokes, DJ, Ssemwanga, D, Tshiabuila, D, Amuzu, DSY, Goedhals, D, Grant, DS, Omuoyo, DO, Maruapula, D, Wanjohi, DW, Foster-Nyarko, E, Lusamaki, EK, Simulundu, E, Ong'era, EM, Ngabana, EN, Abworo, EO, Otieno, E, Shumba, E, Barasa, E, Ahmed, EB, Ahmed, EA, Lokilo, E, Mukantwari, E, Philomena, E, Belarbi, E, Simon-Loriere, E, Anoh, EA, Manuel, E, Leendertz, F, Taweh, FM, Wasfi, F, Abdelmoula, F, Takawira, FT, Derrar, F, Ajogbasile, F, Treurnicht, F, Onikepe, F, Ntoumi, F, Muyembe, FM, Ragomzingba, FEZ, Dratibi, FA, Iyanu, F-A, Mbunsu, GK, Thilliez, G, Kay, GL, Akpede, GO, van Zyl, GU, Awandare, GA, Kpeli, GS, Schubert, G, Maphalala, GP, Ranaivoson, HC, Omunakwe, HE, Onywera, H, Abe, H, Karray, H, Nansumba, H, Triki, H, Kadjo, HAA, Elgahzaly, H, Gumbo, H, Mathieu, H, Kavunga-Membo, H, Smeti, I, Olawoye, IB, Adetifa, IMO, Odia, I, Ben Boubaker, IB, Mohammad, IA, Ssewanyana, I, Wurie, I, Konstantinus, IS, Halatoko, JWA, Ayei, J, Sonoo, J, Makangara, J-CC, Tamfum, J-JM, Heraud, J-M, Shaffer, JG, Giandhari, J, Musyoki, J, Nkurunziza, J, Uwanibe, JN, Bhiman, JN, Yasuda, J, Morais, J, Kiconco, J, Sandi, JD, Huddleston, J, Odoom, JK, Morobe, JM, Gyapong, JO, Kayiwa, JT, Okolie, JC, Xavier, JS, Gyamfi, J, Wamala, JF, Bonney, JHK, Nyandwi, J, Everatt, J, Nakaseegu, J, Ngoi, JM, Namulondo, J, Oguzie, JU, Andeko, JC, Lutwama, JJ, Mogga, JJH, O'Grady, J, Siddle, KJ, Victoir, K, Adeyemi, KT, Tumedi, KA, Carvalho, KS, Mohammed, KS, Dellagi, K, Musonda, KG, Duedu, KO, Fki-Berrajah, L, Singh, L, Kepler, LM, Biscornet, L, Martins, LDO, Chabuka, L, Olubayo, L, Ojok, LD, Deng, LL, Ochola-Oyier, L, Tyers, L, Mine, M, Ramuth, M, Mastouri, M, ElHefnawi, M, Mbanne, M, Matsheka, M, Kebabonye, M, Diop, M, Momoh, M, Lima Mendonca, MDL, Venter, M, Paye, MF, Faye, M, Nyaga, MM, Mareka, M, Damaris, M-M, Mburu, MW, Mpina, MG, Owusu, M, Wiley, MR, Tatfeng, MY, Ayekaba, MO, Abouelhoda, M, Beloufa, MA, Seadawy, MG, Khalifa, MK, Matobo, MM, Kane, M, Salou, M, Mbulawa, MB, Mwenda, M, Allam, M, Phan, MVT, Abid, N, Rujeni, N, Abuzaid, N, Ismael, N, Elguindy, N, Top, NM, Dia, N, Mabunda, N, Hsiao, N-Y, Silochi, NB, Francisco, NM, Saasa, N, Bbosa, N, Murunga, N, Gumede, N, Wolter, N, Sitharam, N, Ndodo, N, Ajayi, NA, Tordo, N, Mbhele, N, Razanajatovo, NH, Iguosadolo, N, Mba, N, Kingsley, OC, Sylvanus, O, Femi, O, Adewumi, OM, Testimony, O, Ogunsanya, OA, Fakayode, O, Ogah, OE, Oludayo, O-E, Faye, O, Smith-Lawrence, P, Ondoa, P, Combe, P, Nabisubi, P, Semanda, P, Oluniyi, PE, Arnaldo, P, Quashie, PK, Okokhere, PO, Bejon, P, Dussart, P, Bester, PA, Mbala, PK, Kaleebu, P, Abechi, P, El-Shesheny, R, Joseph, R, Aziz, RK, Essomba, RG, Ayivor-Djanie, R, Njouom, R, Phillips, RO, Gorman, R, Kingsley, RA, Neto Rodrigues, RMDESA, Audu, RA, Carr, RAA, Gargouri, S, Masmoudi, S, Bootsma, S, Sankhe, S, Mohamed, SI, Femi, S, Mhalla, S, Hosch, S, Kassim, SK, Metha, S, Trabelsi, S, Agwa, SH, Mwangi, SW, Doumbia, S, Makiala-Mandanda, S, Aryeetey, S, Ahmed, SS, Ahmed, SM, Elhamoumi, S, Moyo, S, Lutucuta, S, Gaseitsiwe, S, Jalloh, S, Andriamandimby, SF, Oguntope, S, Grayo, S, Lekana-Douki, S, Prosolek, S, Ouangraoua, S, van Wyk, S, Schaffner, SF, Kanyerezi, S, Ahuka-Mundeke, S, Rudder, S, Pillay, S, Nabadda, S, Behillil, S, Budiaki, SL, van der Werf, S, Mashe, T, Mohale, T, Le-Viet, T, Velavan, TP, Schindler, T, Maponga, TG, Bedford, T, Anyaneji, UJ, Chinedu, U, Ramphal, U, George, UE, Enouf, V, Nene, V, Gorova, V, Roshdy, WH, Karim, WA, Ampofo, WK, Preiser, W, Choga, WT, Ahmed, YA, Ramphal, Y, Bediako, Y, Naidoo, Y, Butera, Y, de Laurent, ZR, Ouma, AEO, von Gottberg, A, Githinji, G, Moeti, M, Tomori, O, Sabeti, PC, Sall, AA, Oyola, SO, Tebeje, YK, Tessema, SK, de Oliveira, T, Happi, C, Lessells, R, Nkengasong, J, and Wilkinson, E
- Abstract
Investment in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing in Africa over the past year has led to a major increase in the number of sequences that have been generated and used to track the pandemic on the continent, a number that now exceeds 100,000 genomes. Our results show an increase in the number of African countries that are able to sequence domestically and highlight that local sequencing enables faster turnaround times and more-regular routine surveillance. Despite limitations of low testing proportions, findings from this genomic surveillance study underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic and illuminate the distinct dispersal dynamics of variants of concern-particularly Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron-on the continent. Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve while the continent faces many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century.
- Published
- 2022
8. Examining Landscape Factors Influencing Relative Distribution of Mosquito Genera and Frequency of Virus Infection
- Author
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Junglen, S., Kurth, A., Kuehl, H., Quan, P.-L., Ellerbrok, H., Pauli, G., Nitsche, A., Nunn, C., Rich, S. M., Lipkin, W. I., Briese, T., and Leendertz, F. H.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Correction for Marklewitz et al., “Gouléako Virus Isolated from West African Mosquitoes Constitutes a Proposed Novel Genus in the Family Bunyaviridae ”
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Marklewitz, M., primary, Handrick, S., additional, Grasse, W., additional, Kurth, A., additional, Lukashev, A., additional, Drosten, C., additional, Ellerbrok, H., additional, Leendertz, F. H., additional, Pauli, G., additional, and Junglen, S., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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10. Necrotizing endometritis and isolation of an alpha-toxin producing strain of Clostridium septicum in a wild sooty mangabey from Côte dʼIvoire
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Kirchner, S., Mätz-Rensing, K., Dorner, M. B., Leendertz, F. H., Dorner, B. G., and Leendertz, S. A.J.
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- 2013
- Full Text
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11. Wild great apes as sentinels and sources of infectious disease
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Calvignac-Spencer, S., Leendertz, S. A. J., Gillespie, T. R., and Leendertz, F. H.
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- 2012
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12. Highly divergent Staphylococcus aureus isolates from African non-human primates
- Author
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Schaumburg, F., Alabi, A. S., Köck, R., Mellmann, A., Kremsner, P. G., Boesch, C., Becker, K., Leendertz, F. H., and Peters, G.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Evaluation of poliovirus antibody titers in orally vaccinated semi-captive chimpanzees in Uganda
- Author
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Mugisha, L., Pauli, G., Opuda-Asibo, J., Joseph, O. O., Leendertz, F. H., and Diedrich, S.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A novel herpesvirus in the sanctuary chimpanzees on Ngamba Island in Uganda
- Author
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Mugisha, L., Leendertz, F. H., Opuda-Asibo, J., Olobo, J. O., and Ehlers, B.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Outbreak of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection in a group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
- Author
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Mätz-Rensing, K., Winkelmann, J., Becker, T., Burckhardt, I., van der Linden, M., Köndgen, S., Leendertz, F., and Kaup, F.-J.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Fatal ulcerative colitis in a western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla)
- Author
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Lankester, F., Mätz-Rensing, K., Kiyang, J., Jensen, S. A., Weiss, S., and Leendertz, F. H.
- Published
- 2008
17. An evolutionary framework to guide the hunt for human dsDNA viruses
- Author
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Aghebatrafat, A., Merkel, K., Leendertz, F., Krüger, D. H., and Calvignac-Spencer, S.
- Subjects
viruses ,ddc:610 ,610 Medizin und Gesundheit - Abstract
It is becoming increasingly obvious that we only know a fraction of the human virome. The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has dramatically increased our ability to hunt viruses. Yet, the small genomes and low copy numbers characteristic of most viruses make undirected (shotgun) hunts a relatively inefficient strategy. Here, we propose to speed-up the rate of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus discovery by combining NGS with evolutionary thinking. dsDNA viruses are thought to have co-diverged with their hosts. As this applies to the hominine lineages (gorillas, humans, chimpanzees, and bonobos), it is theoretically possible to estimate the phylogenetic position of cryptic human viruses by identifying co-divergent viral lineages infecting non-human hominines. Where these lineages do not comprise a human-infecting counterpart, a yet-unknown human virus may be hiding. The first phase of this project will consist in the high-throughput characterization of dsDNA viruses (herpesviruses, papillomaviruses, and polyomaviruses) infecting wild gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos. For this, we will use an exhaustive collection of fecal samples (in terms of hominine species/sub-species diversity) and apply a discovery strategy combining in-solution capture and NGS. This strategy has been developed in the ancient DNA field but has a very broad applicability; it will constitute a nice addendum to the institute technical portfolio. Thanks to the massive amount of information collected, we will be able to reconstruct the evolutionary history of many dsDNA virus lineages and to identify those where a human virus would be expected but is still unknown. This will pave the way to the second phase of the project which will consist in a pre-oriented dsDNA human virus hunt based on the use of specific PCR systems implemented in multiplex. We expect that this project will generate an unprecedented amount of data on the processes at play along dsDNA virus evolution (co-divergence versus cross-species transmission), help determine the directionality, frequency, and timing of cross-species transmission events between hominines and unveil the existence of yet-to-be-discovered human viruses.
- Published
- 2019
18. Nonhuman primates across sub-Saharan Africa are infected with the yaws bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue
- Author
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Knauf, S., Gogarten, J., Schuenemann, V., Nys, D., M., H., Düx, A., Strouhal, M., Mikalová, L., Bos, K., Armstrong, R., Batamuzi, E., Chuma, I., Davoust, B., Diatta, G., Fyumagwa, R., Kazwala, R., Keyyu, J., Lejora, I., Levasseur, A., Liu, H., Mayhew, M., Mediannikov, O., Raoult, D., Wittig, R., Roos, C., Leendertz, F., Šmajs, D., Nieselt, K., Krause, J., Calvignac-Spencer, S., Univ Tubingen, Inst Archaeol Sci Archaeo & Palaeogenet, Tubingen, Germany, Univ Tubingen, Senckenberg Ctr Human Evolut & Palaeoenvironm, Tubingen, Germany, Department of Archaeogenetics [Jena] (DAG), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Primates ,Sub saharan ,genetic structures ,Epidemiology ,education ,Immunology ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Humid tropics ,West africa ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Virology ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Z686 ,ddc:610 ,Treponema pallidum ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Z601 ,Africa South of the Sahara ,Phylogeny ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Z600 ,Treponema ,Primate Diseases ,Treatment options ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,3. Good health ,body regions ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Parasitology ,Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue ,Yaws ,Syphilis ,Female ,610 Medizin und Gesundheit - Abstract
Dear Editor, The bacterium Treponema pallidum (TP) causes human syphilis (subsp. pallidum; TPA), bejel (subsp. endemicum; TEN), and yaws (subsp. pertenue; TPE) (1). Although syphilis has reached a worldwide distribution (2), bejel and yaws have remained endemic diseases. Bejel affects individuals in dry areas of Sahelian Africa and Saudi Arabia, whereas yaws affects those living in the humid tropics (1). Yaws is currently reported as endemic in 14 countries, and an additional 84 countries have a known history of yaws but lack recent epidemiological data (3,4). Although this disease was subject to global eradication efforts in the mid-20th century, it later reemerged in West Africa, Southern Asia, and the Pacific region (5). New large-scale treatment options triggered the ongoing second eradication campaign, the goal of which is to eradicate yaws globally by 2020 (5).\ud \ud References:\ud (1) Giacani, L. & Lukehart, S.A. The endemic treponematoses. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 27, 89–115 (2014).\ud (2) Arora, N. et al. Origin of modern syphilis and emergence of a pandemic Treponema pallidum cluster. Nat. Microbiol. 2, 16245 (2016).\ud (3) Marks, M. Yaws: towards the WHO eradication target. Trans. R Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 110, 319–320 (2016).\ud (4) World Health Organization. Eradication of yaws: procedures for verification and certification of interruption of transmission (World Health Organization, Geneva, 2018).\ud (5) Asiedu, K., Fitzpatrick, C. & Jannin, J. Eradication of yaws: historical efforts and achieving WHO’s 2020 target. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 8, e3016 (2014).
- Published
- 2019
19. Why Taï mangabeys do not use tools to crack nuts like sympatric-living chimpanzees: a cognitive limitation on monkey feeding ecology
- Author
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Janmaat, K.R.L., Byrne, R., Boesch, C., Wittig, R., Crockford, C., Vigilant, L., Deschner, T., Leendertz, F., and Evolutionary and Population Biology (IBED, FNWI)
- Abstract
Nuts are high in energetic and nutritional value, but the kernel inside is difficult to access. In the Taï forest, it is estimated that chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) can eat 6–10 times as many nuts with the help of a tool as to when they crack them with their own teeth. However, sympatric-living terrestrial monkeys never crack nuts using tools. So this begs the question, why not? In this chapter, we report on the foraging behaviour of the sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys atys). A quick synopsis goes as follows: they observe nut-cracking chimpanzees at a distance of 5–10 metres, relish in the leftovers of the freshly cracked nuts, and then continue to follow the chimpanzees to different nut-cracking sites. With this information, we go on to consider the underlying reasons for the absence of nut-cracking in sooty mangabeys, with a particular focus on cognitive limitations, and then discuss the implications of field observations for studies on imitation in the laboratory.
- Published
- 2019
20. Temporal cognition in Taï chimpanzees
- Author
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Janmaat, K.R.L., Boesch, C., Wittig, R., Crockford, C., Vigilant, L., Deschner, T., Leendertz, F., and Evolutionary and Population Biology (IBED, FNWI)
- Subjects
Consumption (economics) ,biology ,Sympatric speciation ,biology.animal ,Cognitive flexibility ,Flexibility (personality) ,Primate ,Social complexity ,Cognition ,Food scarcity ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Despite appealing support for theories that argue that social complexity is the main force driving primate brain-size evolution, it is still unclear how great apes were able to afford the evolution of larger and more expensive brains than sympatric species. Comparative phylogenetic studies suggest that the costs of evolutionary brain enlargement were overcome by a permanent increase in net energy intake, renewing interest in the role of ecological complexity in primate brain-size evolution. As relatively larger-brained primates, like chimpanzees, show less seasonality in their net energy intake than smaller-brained species, larger brains are proposed to provide a ‘cognitive behavioural flexibility’ that facilitates the consumption of nutritious foods during periods of food scarcity (cognitive buffer hypothesis). To date, it remains unclear what this cognitive flexibility entails. In this chapter, I will provide evidence for a variety of mechanisms of temporal cognition that chimpanzees employ to gain first access to newly ripened, energy-rich fruit in a competitive and complex rainforest environment.
- Published
- 2019
21. A57 An evolutionary framework to guide the hunt for human dsDNA viruses
- Author
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Aghebatrafat, A, primary, Merkel, K, additional, Leendertz, F, additional, Krüger, D H, additional, and Calvignac-Spencer, S, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. African nonhuman primates are infected with the Yaws bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue
- Author
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Knauf, S., Gogarten, J., Schuenemann, V., Nys, H., Duex, A., Strouhal, M., Mikalova, L., Bos, K., Armstrong, R., Batamuzi, E., Chuma, I., Davoust, B., Diatta, G., Fyumagwa, R., Kazwala, R., Keyyu, J., Lejora, I., Levasseur, A., Liu, H., Mayhew, M., Mediannikov, O., Raoult, D., Wittig, R., Roos, C., Leendertz, F., Smajs, D., Nieselt, K., Krause, J., and Calvignac-Spencer, S.
- Published
- 2017
23. Validation of a method for the assessment of urinary neopterin levels to monitor health status in non-human-primate species
- Author
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Behringer, V., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-7298, Stevens, J., Leendertz, F., Hohmann, G., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4923-6095, Deschner, T., and https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-316X
- Subjects
immune system diseases - Abstract
Determining individual health status is of great importance for a better understanding of life history trade-offs between growth, reproduction, and maintenance. However, existing immunological methods are invasive and therefore not suitable for investigating health status in wild populations. Thus, there is an urgent need for non-invasive methods to assess the immune status of animals. Neopterin is involved in the cell-mediated pathway of the immune response (Th1–type), secreted during the activation of monocytes and macrophages. We investigated if urinary neopterin could serve as a biomarker of health status in bonobos and chimpanzees. First, we performed a chemical validation of a commercial neopterin enzyme immune assay (EIA) for bonobo and chimpanzee urine. We then examined if urinary neopterin levels in bonobos increase during the acute period of respiratory infections. We found that neopterin levels can be reliably measured in urine of the two species with a commercial EIA. Stability experiments revealed considerable changes in urinary neopterin levels in relation to multiple freeze–thaw cycles and extended exposure to room temperature. Exposure to sunlight led to a degradation of urinary neopterin, whereas sample storage up to two years did not affect urinary neopterin levels. There was no detectable diurnal variation in neopterin levels, and levels remained very stable across several days in healthy individuals. While urinary neopterin levels were independent of sex, nonadult individuals had higher urinary neopterin levels than adults. Most importantly, there was a significant increase in urinary neopterin levels during a period of respiratory infection. Our results demonstrate that regular urine sample collection would allow for the monitoring of individual health status and disease progression with minimal disturbance of the subjects. In combination with behavioral, life history, and endocrinological parameters, the method can be used to investigate questions related to immunocompetence handicaps or life history trade-offs.
- Published
- 2017
24. Multiplex serological investigation of antibodies against Ebola viruses in a large panel of African bat species
- Author
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Nys, H. M., Ayouba, A., Keita, A. K., Villabona-Arenas, J. C., Butel, C., Thaurignac, G., Lemarcis, T., Ahuka-Mundeke, S., Mbala, P., Bourgarel, Mathieu, FRANCOIS ROGER, Calvignac-Spencer, S., Leendertz, F., Delaporte, E., Diallo, R., Muyembe, J. J., Mpoudi-Ngole, E., and Peeters, Martine
- Subjects
000 - Autres thèmes ,L73 - Maladies des animaux ,L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux - Abstract
Introduction: The reservoir(s) and ecology of Ebola viruses (EBV) remains largely unknown, but previous detection of viral RNA and anti-EBV antibodies in bats suggests that they may play a role in zoonotic transmission. Objectives: Gain insight into the circulation of EBV in bat populations in West and Central Africa by testing for the presence of antibodies against different EBV, using high throughput technology. Materials and methods: Bats were captured across 7 regions in Cameroon and 4 in Guinea, and released immediately after collection of dried blood spots and biological data. Here we used a multiplex immunoassay with Luminex® technology for antibody detection against NP, GP and VP40 antigens for Zaire (EBOV), Sudan (SUDV), Bundibugyo (BDBV) and Reston (RESTV) EBV. In the absence of positive controls, cut-off values were determined using the change-point analysis method with bootstrapping (10 000 times). A sample was considered positive if the detected antibodies level was over the estimated cut-off for both NP and GP antigens. Results: We studied 1796 bats (Cameroon, n=1365 and Guinea, n=431) belonging to 10 genera of the frugivorous family Pteropodidae (n=641) and 12 genera of 6 insectivorous families (n=1155). Based on the change-point analysis, 0,2% (3/1796) of bats were positive for EBOV (E. helvum, n=1; M. angolensis, n=1 and Mops sp., n=1) and 0,1% (1/1796) for SUDV (R. aegyptiacus). A total of 7,9% (142/1796) reacted to at least one EBV antigen, mainly GP. These bats belonged mainly (97%) to 8 frugivorous species and one insectivorous genus (Mops). Conclusion: we confirm the presence of antibodies in 2 frugivorous bat species and 1 insectivorous genus previously found to be seropositive, as well as for the first time in M. angolensis, a frugivorous species. Using a stringent method of interpretation (change-point analysis), prevalence of EBV antibodies can be underestimated. More studies are needed to evaluate the extend of EBV in bats in areas at risk for EBV outbreaks in Africa and complementary less conservative methods to define cut-offs could be used for comparison in order to reflect natural circulation or exposure to Filoviruses.
- Published
- 2017
25. The ecology of primate retroviruses : an assessment of 12 years of retroviral studies in the Tai national park area, Cote d'Ivoire
- Author
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Gogarten, J. F., Akoua-Koffi, C., Calvignac-Spencer, S., Leendertz, S. A. J., Weiss, S., Couacy-Hymann, E., Kone, I., Peeters, Martine, Wittig, R. M., Boesch, C., Hahn, B. H., and Leendertz, F. H.
- Subjects
Emerging infectious diseases ,Zoonosis ,Simian foamy virus ,Simian immunodeficiency virus ,Simian t-cell leukemia virus type 1 ,Infectious disease ecology - Abstract
The existence and genetic make-up of most primate retroviruses was revealed by studies of bushmeat and fecal samples from unhabituated primate communities. For these, detailed data on intra- and within-species contact rates are generally missing, which makes identification of factors influencing transmission a challenging task. Here we present an assessment of 12 years of research on primate retroviruses in the Tai National Park area, Cote d'Ivoire. We discuss insights gained into the prevalence, within- and cross-species transmission of primate retroviruses (including towards local human populations) and the importance of virus-host interactions in determining cross-species transmission risk. Finally we discuss how retroviruses ecology and evolution may change in a shifting environment and identify avenues for future research.
- Published
- 2014
26. Evolutionary studies of herpes simplex viruses (HSV) genomes provide evidences of HSV-2/HSV-1 interspecies recombination
- Author
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Burrel, S., primary, Boutolleau, D., additional, Ryu, D., additional, Agut, H., additional, Merkel, K., additional, Leendertz, F., additional, and Calvignac-Spencer, S., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Novel staphylococcal species that form part of a Staphylococcus aureus-related complex: the non-pigmented Staphylococcus argenteus sp nov and the non-human primate-associated Staphylococcus schweitzeri sp nov.
- Author
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Tong, SYC, Schaumburg, F, Ellington, MJ, Corander, J, Pichon, B, Leendertz, F, Bentley, SD, Parkhill, J, Holt, DC, Peters, G, Giffard, PM, Tong, SYC, Schaumburg, F, Ellington, MJ, Corander, J, Pichon, B, Leendertz, F, Bentley, SD, Parkhill, J, Holt, DC, Peters, G, and Giffard, PM
- Abstract
We define two novel species of the genus Staphylococcus that are phenotypically similar to and have near identical 16S rRNA gene sequences to Staphylococcus aureus. However, compared to S. aureus and each other, the two species, Staphylococcus argenteus sp. nov. (type strain MSHR1132(T) = DSM 28299(T) = SSI 89.005(T)) and Staphylococcus schweitzeri sp. nov. (type strain FSA084(T) = DSM 28300(T) = SSI 89.004(T)), demonstrate: 1) at a whole-genome level considerable phylogenetic distance, lack of admixture, average nucleotide identity <95 %, and inferred DNA-DNA hybridization <70 %; 2) different profiles as determined by MALDI-TOF MS; 3) a non-pigmented phenotype for S. argenteus sp. nov.; 4) S. schweitzeri sp. nov. is not detected by standard nucA PCR; 5) distinct peptidoglycan types compared to S. aureus; 6) a separate ecological niche for S. schweitzeri sp. nov.; and 7) a distinct clinical disease profile for S. argenteus sp. nov. compared to S. aureus.
- Published
- 2015
28. Pan African Programme. The cultured chimpanzee. Guidelines for research and data collection
- Author
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Arandjelovic, M., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-9684, Boesch, C., Campbell, G., Head, J., Hohmann, G., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4923-6095, Junker, J., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-1664, Kouakou, C., Kuehl, H., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4440-9161, Leendertz, F., Leinert, V., Moebius, Y., Murai, M., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6785-3858, Oelze, V., Rabanal, L., Robbins, M., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6037-7542, Vergnes, V., and Wagner, O.
- Published
- 2012
29. Treponema Infection Associated With Genital Ulceration in Wild Baboons
- Author
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Knauf, S., Batamuzi, E. K., Mlengeya, T., Kilewo, M., Lejora, I. A. V., Nordhoff, M., Ehlers, B., Harper, K. N., Fyumagwa, R., Hoare, R., Failing, K., Wehrend, A., Kaup, F. J., Leendertz, F. H., and Ma¨tz-Rensing, K.
- Abstract
The authors describe genital alterations and detailed histologic findings in baboons naturally infected with Treponema pallidum. The disease causes moderate to severe genital ulcerations in a population of olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) at Lake Manyara National Park in Tanzania. In a field survey in 2007, 63 individuals of all age classes, both sexes, and different grades of infection were chemically immobilized and sampled. Histology and molecular biological tests were used to detect and identify the organism responsible: a strain similar to T pallidum ssp pertenue, the cause of yaws in humans. Although treponemal infections are not a new phenomenon in nonhuman primates, the infection described here appears to be strictly associated with the anogenital region and results in tissue alterations matching those found in human syphilis infections (caused by T pallidum ssp pallidum), despite the causative pathogen’s greater genetic similarity to human yaws-causing strains.
- Published
- 2012
30. An invertebrate stomach's view on vertebrate ecology Certain invertebrates could be used as 'vertebrate samplers' and deliver DNA-based information on many aspects of vertebrate ecology
- Author
-
Calvignac-Spencer, S., Leendertz, F., Gilbert, Thomas, Schubert, G., Calvignac-Spencer, S., Leendertz, F., Gilbert, Thomas, and Schubert, G.
- Abstract
Recent studies suggest that vertebrate genetic material ingested by invertebrates (iDNA) can be used to investigate vertebrate ecology. Given the ubiquity of invertebrates that feed on vertebrates across the globe, iDNA might qualify as a very powerful tool for 21st century population and conservation biologists. Here, we identify some invertebrate characteristics that will likely influence iDNA retrieval and elaborate on the potential uses of invertebrate-derived information. We hypothesize that beyond inventorying local faunal diversity, iDNA should allow for more profound insights into wildlife population density, size, mortality, and infectious agents. Based on the similarities of iDNA with other low-quality sources of DNA, a general technical framework for iDNA analyses is proposed. As it is likely that no such thing as a single ideal iDNA sampler exists, forthcoming research efforts should aim at cataloguing invertebrate properties relevant to iDNA retrieval so as to guide future usage of the invertebrate tool box.
- Published
- 2013
31. A recently identfied picornavirus genotype contributes to acute repiratory idease worldwidwe.
- Author
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Briese, T., Renwick, N., Venter, M., Jarman, R., Ghosh, D., Kondgen, S., Shrestha, S, Mette Hoegh, A., Casas, I., Adjogoua, E., Akoua-Koffi, C., Saw Myint, K., Williams, David, Chidlow, G., van der Berg, R., Calvo, C., Koch, O., Palacios, G., Kapoor, V., Villari, J., Dominguez, S., Holmes, K., Harnett, G., Smith, D., Mackenzie, John, Ellerbrok, H., Schweiger, B., Schonning, K., Chadha, M., Leendertz, F., Mishra, A., Gibbons, R., Holmes, E., Lipkin, W., Briese, T., Renwick, N., Venter, M., Jarman, R., Ghosh, D., Kondgen, S., Shrestha, S, Mette Hoegh, A., Casas, I., Adjogoua, E., Akoua-Koffi, C., Saw Myint, K., Williams, David, Chidlow, G., van der Berg, R., Calvo, C., Koch, O., Palacios, G., Kapoor, V., Villari, J., Dominguez, S., Holmes, K., Harnett, G., Smith, D., Mackenzie, John, Ellerbrok, H., Schweiger, B., Schonning, K., Chadha, M., Leendertz, F., Mishra, A., Gibbons, R., Holmes, E., and Lipkin, W.
- Published
- 2008
32. Highly divergent Staphylococcus aureus isolates from African non-human primates
- Author
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Schaumburg, F., primary, Alabi, A. S., additional, Köck, R., additional, Mellmann, A., additional, Kremsner, P. G., additional, Boesch, C., additional, Becker, K., additional, Leendertz, F. H., additional, and Peters, G., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Gouléako Virus Isolated from West African Mosquitoes Constitutes a Proposed Novel Genus in the Family Bunyaviridae
- Author
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Marklewitz, M., primary, Handrick, S., additional, Grasse, W., additional, Kurth, A., additional, Lukashev, A., additional, Drosten, C., additional, Ellerbrok, H., additional, Leendertz, F. H., additional, Pauli, G., additional, and Junglen, S., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Treponema Infection Associated With Genital Ulceration in Wild Baboons
- Author
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Knauf, S., primary, Batamuzi, E. K., additional, Mlengeya, T., additional, Kilewo, M., additional, Lejora, I. A. V., additional, Nordhoff, M., additional, Ehlers, B., additional, Harper, K. N., additional, Fyumagwa, R., additional, Hoare, R., additional, Failing, K., additional, Wehrend, A., additional, Kaup, F. J., additional, Leendertz, F. H., additional, and Mätz-Rensing, K., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Exfoliative vaginal cytology: a diagnostic tool for sexual cycle stages in nonhuman primates
- Author
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Knauf, S., primary, Batamuzi, E. K., additional, Mätz-Rensing, K., additional, Leendertz, F. H., additional, and Wehrend, A., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Lymphocryptovirus phylogeny and the origins of Epstein-Barr virus
- Author
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Ehlers, B., primary, Spiess, K., additional, Leendertz, F., additional, Peeters, M., additional, Boesch, C., additional, Gatherer, D., additional, and McGeoch, D. J., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A drug incubation glossina infectivity test (DIGIT) to assess the susceptibility of Trypanosoma congolense bloodstream forms to trypanocidal drugs (Xenodiagnosis)
- Author
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Clausen, P.-H., Leendertz, F. H., Blankenburg, A., Tietjen, U., Mehlitz, D., Sidibe, I., and Bauer, B.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. PTLV-1 transmission from preys to hunters in Côte d’Ivoire
- Author
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Akoua-Koffi Chantal, Hedemann Claudia, Adjogoua Edgard V, Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien, and Leendertz Fabian H
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Wild chimpanzees are infected with homologous types of human malaria
- Author
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Gillespie Thomas R, Couacy-Hymann Emmanuel, Zommers Zinta, Bray Dorothy H, Kaiser Marco, Ellerbrok Heinz, and Leendertz Fabian H
- Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. SYSTEMATIC DISEASE MONITORING IN WILD GREAT APES - EXAMPLES FROM THE CHIMPANZEES OF THE TAI NATIONAL PARK, CôTE D'IVOIRE.
- Author
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Leendertz, F. H.A, Pauli, G., Ellerbrok, H., Leider, M., and Boesch, C.
- Subjects
- *
APES , *CHIMPANZEES , *DISEASES - Abstract
The article presents the abstract of the paper "Systematic Disease Monitoring in Wild Great Apes - Examples From the Chimpanzees of the Tai National Park, Côte D'Ivore," by F.H. Leendertz and colleagues, to be presented at the 21st Congress of the International Primatological Society in Entebbe, Uganda from June 25 to 30, 2006.
- Published
- 2006
41. VETERINARY MANAGEMENT FOR PRIMATES DESTINED FOR REINTRODUCTION.
- Author
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Boardman, W. S., Travis, D., Cameron, K., and Leendertz, F.
- Subjects
PRIMATES - Abstract
The article presents an abstract of the paper "Veterinary management for primates destined for reintroduction," presented at the 21st Congress of the International Primatological Society held June 25-30, 2006 at Entebbe, Uganda.
- Published
- 2006
42. DISEASE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR PRIMATE REINTRODUCTION PROGRAMMES.
- Author
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Travis, D., Boardman, W. S., and Leendertz, F.
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PRIMATE diseases - Abstract
The article presents an abstract of the paper "Disease risk assessment for primate reintroduction programmes," presented at the 21st Congress of the International Primatological Society held June 25-30, 2006 at Entebbe, Uganda.
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- 2006
43. PRESERVING FOREST DIVERSITY FOR GREAT APES HEALTH- EXAMPLE OF CLINICAL SIGNS, LESIONS AND PLANTS USES WHEN OESOPHAGOSTOMUM INFECTION OCCURS IN FREE-RANGING GREAT APES.
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Krief, S., Wrangham, R. W., Leendertz, F. H., Mahé, S., Vidal, C., Crespeau, F., and Guillot, J.
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APES ,FOREST biodiversity - Abstract
The article presents the abstract of the paper "Preserving Forest Diversity for Great Apes Health-Example of Clinical Signs, Lesions and Plants Uses When Oesophagostomum Infection Occurs in Free-Ranging Great Apes," by S. Krief and colleagues, to be presented at the 21st Congress of the International Primatological Society in Entebbe, Uganda from June 25 to 30, 2006.
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- 2006
44. Nuclear versus mitochondrial DNA: evidence for hybridization in colobine monkeys
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Ziegler Thomas, Leendertz Fabian H, Brameier Markus, Batzer Mark A, Xing Jinchuan, Nash Stephen D, Meyer Dirk, Yang Mouyu, Schwarz Christiane, Kubatko Laura S, Zinner Dietmar, Roos Christian, Perwitasari-Farajallah Dyah, Nadler Tilo, Walter Lutz, and Osterholz Martin
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Evolution ,QH359-425 - Abstract
Abstract Background Colobine monkeys constitute a diverse group of primates with major radiations in Africa and Asia. However, phylogenetic relationships among genera are under debate, and recent molecular studies with incomplete taxon-sampling revealed discordant gene trees. To solve the evolutionary history of colobine genera and to determine causes for possible gene tree incongruences, we combined presence/absence analysis of mobile elements with autosomal, X chromosomal, Y chromosomal and mitochondrial sequence data from all recognized colobine genera. Results Gene tree topologies and divergence age estimates derived from different markers were similar, but differed in placing Piliocolobus/Procolobus and langur genera among colobines. Although insufficient data, homoplasy and incomplete lineage sorting might all have contributed to the discordance among gene trees, hybridization is favored as the main cause of the observed discordance. We propose that African colobines are paraphyletic, but might later have experienced female introgression from Piliocolobus/Procolobus into Colobus. In the late Miocene, colobines invaded Eurasia and diversified into several lineages. Among Asian colobines, Semnopithecus diverged first, indicating langur paraphyly. However, unidirectional gene flow from Semnopithecus into Trachypithecus via male introgression followed by nuclear swamping might have occurred until the earliest Pleistocene. Conclusions Overall, our study provides the most comprehensive view on colobine evolution to date and emphasizes that analyses of various molecular markers, such as mobile elements and sequence data from multiple loci, are crucial to better understand evolutionary relationships and to trace hybridization events. Our results also suggest that sex-specific dispersal patterns, promoted by a respective social organization of the species involved, can result in different hybridization scenarios.
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- 2011
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45. No evidence for transmission of SIVwrc from western red colobus monkeys (piliocolobus badius badius) to wild west african chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) despite high exposure through hunting
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Liegeois Florian, Formenty Pierre, Kücherer Claudia, Boesch Christophe, Locatelli Sabrina, Leendertz Siv Aina J, Ayouba Ahidjo, Peeters Martine, and Leendertz Fabian H
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Abstract Background Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses (SIVs) are the precursors of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIVs) which have lead to the worldwide HIV/AIDS pandemic. By studying SIVs in wild primates we can better understand the circulation of these viruses in their natural hosts and habitat, and perhaps identify factors that influence susceptibility and transmission within and between various host species. We investigated the SIV status of wild West African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) which frequently hunt and consume the western red colobus monkey (Piliocolobus badius badius), a species known to be infected to a high percentage with its specific SIV strain (SIVwrc). Results Blood and plasma samples from 32 wild chimpanzees were tested with INNO-LIA HIV I/II Score kit to detect cross-reactive antibodies to HIV antigens. Twenty-three of the samples were also tested for antibodies to 43 specific SIV and HIV lineages, including SIVwrc. Tissue samples from all but two chimpanzees were tested for SIV by PCRs using generic SIV primers that detect all known primate lentiviruses as well as primers designed to specifically detect SIVwrc. Seventeen of the chimpanzees showed varying degrees of cross-reactivity to the HIV specific antigens in the INNO-LIA test; however no sample had antibodies to SIV or HIV strain - and lineage specific antigens in the Luminex test. No SIV DNA was found in any of the samples. Conclusions We could not detect any conclusive trace of SIV infection from the red colobus monkeys in the chimpanzees, despite high exposure to this virus through frequent hunting. The results of our study raise interesting questions regarding the host-parasite relationship of SIVwrc and wild chimpanzees in their natural habitat.
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- 2011
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46. A novel adenovirus of Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
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Ludwig Carsten, Head Josephine, Robbins Martha M, Boesch Christophe, Scuda Nelly, Leendertz Fabian H, Wevers Diana, Kühn Joachim, and Ehlers Bernhard
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Adenoviruses (AdV) broadly infect vertebrate hosts including a variety of primates. We identified a novel AdV in the feces of captive gorillas by isolation in cell culture, electron microscopy and PCR. From the supernatants of infected cultures we amplified DNA polymerase (DPOL), preterminal protein (pTP) and hexon gene sequences with generic pan primate AdV PCR assays. The sequences in-between were amplified by long-distance PCRs of 2 - 10 kb length, resulting in a final sequence of 15.6 kb. Phylogenetic analysis placed the novel gorilla AdV into a cluster of primate AdVs belonging to the species Human adenovirus B (HAdV-B). Depending on the analyzed gene, its position within the cluster was variable. To further elucidate its origin, feces samples of wild gorillas were analyzed. AdV hexon sequences were detected which are indicative for three distinct and novel gorilla HAdV-B viruses, among them a virus nearly identical to the novel AdV isolated from captive gorillas. This shows that the discovered virus is a member of a group of HAdV-B viruses that naturally infect gorillas. The mixed phylogenetic clusters of gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo and human AdVs within the HAdV-B species indicate that host switches may have been a component of the evolution of human and non-human primate HAdV-B viruses.
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- 2010
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47. Discovery of herpesviruses in multi-infected primates using locked nucleic acids (LNA) and a bigenic PCR approach
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Nitsche Andreas, Leendertz Fabian, Kreuzer Karl-Anton, Prepens Sandra, and Ehlers Bernhard
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Targeting the highly conserved herpes DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene with PCR using panherpes degenerate primers is a powerful tool to universally detect unknown herpesviruses. However, vertebrate hosts are often infected with more than one herpesvirus in the same tissue, and pan-herpes DPOL PCR often favors the amplification of one viral sequence at the expense of the others. Here we present two different technical approaches that overcome this obstacle: (i) Pan-herpes DPOL PCR is carried out in the presence of an oligonucleotide substituted with locked nucleic acids (LNA).This suppresses the amplification of a specific herpesvirus DPOL sequence by a factor of approximately 1000, thereby enabling the amplification of a second, different DPOL sequence. (ii) The less conserved glycoprotein B (gB) gene is targeted with several sets of degenerate primers that are restricted to gB genes of different herpesvirus subfamilies or genera. These techniques enable the amplification of gB and DPOL sequences of multiple viruses from a single specimen. The partial gB and DPOL sequences can be connected by long-distance PCR, producing final contiguous sequences of approximately 3.5 kbp. Such sequences include parts of two genes and therefore allow for a robust phylogenetic analysis. To illustrate this principle, six novel herpesviruses of the genera Rhadinovirus, Lymphocryptovirus and Cytomegalovirus were discovered in multi-infected samples of non-human primates and phylogenetically characterized.
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- 2007
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48. Multicountry study of SARS-CoV-2 and associated risk factors among healthcare workers in Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso and South Africa.
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Kribi S, Touré F, Mendes A, Sanou S, Some A, Aminou AM, Belarbi E, Griessel R, Hema A, Kabore F, Pitzinger P, Strydom A, Vietor AC, Traoré K, Zongo A, Anoh EA, Grossegesse M, Hofmann N, Ouangraoua S, Poda A, Kagone T, Schubert G, Eckmanns T, Venter M, Leendertz F, Akoua-Koffi C, and Tomczyk S
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- Male, Humans, Female, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, South Africa, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Health Personnel, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Abstract
Background: Reports on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread across Africa have varied, including among healthcare workers (HCWs). This study assessed the comparative SARS-CoV-2 burden and associated risk factors among HCWs in three African countries., Methods: A multicentre study was conducted at regional healthcare facilities in Côte d'Ivoire (CIV), Burkina Faso (BF) and South Africa (SA) from February to May 2021. HCWs provided blood samples for SARS-CoV-2 serology and nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs for testing of acute infection by polymerase chain reaction and completed a questionnaire. Factors associated with seropositivity were assessed with logistic regression., Results: Among 719 HCWs, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 34.6% (95% confidence interval 31.2 to 38.2), ranging from 19.2% in CIV to 45.7% in BF. A total of 20 of 523 (3.8%) were positive for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Female HCWs had higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity compared with males, and nursing staff, allied health professionals, non-caregiver personnel and administration had higher odds compared with physicians. HCWs also reported infection prevention and control (IPC) gaps, including 38.7% and 29% having access to respirators and IPC training, respectively, in the last year., Conclusions: This study was a unique comparative HCW SARS-CoV-2 investigation in Africa. Seroprevalence estimates varied, highlighting distinctive population/facility-level factors affecting COVID-19 burden and the importance of established IPC programmes to protect HCWs and patients., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.)
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- 2023
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49. Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Western Burkina Faso, West Africa.
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Sawadogo Y, Galal L, Belarbi E, Zongo A, Schubert G, Leendertz F, Kanteh A, Sesay AK, Erhart A, Bañuls AL, Tarnagda Z, Godreuil S, Tinto H, and Ouedraogo AS
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- Humans, Burkina Faso epidemiology, Phylogeny, Phylogeography, Genomics, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: After its initial detection in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly, causing successive epidemic waves worldwide. This study aims to provide a genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Burkina Faso., Methods: Three hundred and seventy-seven SARS-CoV-2 genomes obtained from PCR-positive nasopharyngeal samples (PCR cycle threshold score < 35) collected between 5 May 2020, and 31 January 2022 were analyzed. Genomic sequences were assigned to phylogenetic clades using NextClade and to Pango lineages using pangolin. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were performed to determine the geographical sources and time of virus introduction in Burkina Faso., Results: The analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomes can be assigned to 10 phylogenetic clades and 27 Pango lineages already described worldwide. Our analyses revealed the important role of cross-border human mobility in the successive SARS-CoV-2 introductions in Burkina Faso from neighboring countries., Conclusions: This study provides additional insights into the genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in West Africa. It highlights the importance of land travel in the spread of the virus and the need to rapidly implement preventive policies. Regional cross-border collaborations and the adherence of the general population to government policies are key to prevent new epidemic waves.
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- 2022
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50. The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance.
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Tegally H, San JE, Cotten M, Moir M, Tegomoh B, Mboowa G, Martin DP, Baxter C, Lambisia AW, Diallo A, Amoako DG, Diagne MM, Sisay A, Zekri AN, Gueye AS, Sangare AK, Ouedraogo AS, Sow A, Musa AO, Sesay AK, Abias AG, Elzagheid AI, Lagare A, Kemi AS, Abar AE, Johnson AA, Fowotade A, Oluwapelumi AO, Amuri AA, Juru A, Kandeil A, Mostafa A, Rebai A, Sayed A, Kazeem A, Balde A, Christoffels A, Trotter AJ, Campbell A, Keita AK, Kone A, Bouzid A, Souissi A, Agweyu A, Naguib A, Gutierrez AV, Nkeshimana A, Page AJ, Yadouleton A, Vinze A, Happi AN, Chouikha A, Iranzadeh A, Maharaj A, Batchi-Bouyou AL, Ismail A, Sylverken AA, Goba A, Femi A, Sijuwola AE, Marycelin B, Salako BL, Oderinde BS, Bolajoko B, Diarra B, Herring BL, Tsofa B, Lekana-Douki B, Mvula B, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Marondera BT, Khaireh BA, Kouriba B, Adu B, Pool B, McInnis B, Brook C, Williamson C, Nduwimana C, Anscombe C, Pratt CB, Scheepers C, Akoua-Koffi CG, Agoti CN, Mapanguy CM, Loucoubar C, Onwuamah CK, Ihekweazu C, Malaka CN, Peyrefitte C, Grace C, Omoruyi CE, Rafaï CD, Morang'a CM, Erameh C, Lule DB, Bridges DJ, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Park D, Rasmussen DA, Baker D, Nokes DJ, Ssemwanga D, Tshiabuila D, Amuzu DSY, Goedhals D, Grant DS, Omuoyo DO, Maruapula D, Wanjohi DW, Foster-Nyarko E, Lusamaki EK, Simulundu E, Ong'era EM, Ngabana EN, Abworo EO, Otieno E, Shumba E, Barasa E, Ahmed EB, Ahmed EA, Lokilo E, Mukantwari E, Philomena E, Belarbi E, Simon-Loriere E, Anoh EA, Manuel E, Leendertz F, Taweh FM, Wasfi F, Abdelmoula F, Takawira FT, Derrar F, Ajogbasile FV, Treurnicht F, Onikepe F, Ntoumi F, Muyembe FM, Ragomzingba FEZ, Dratibi FA, Iyanu FA, Mbunsu GK, Thilliez G, Kay GL, Akpede GO, van Zyl GU, Awandare GA, Kpeli GS, Schubert G, Maphalala GP, Ranaivoson HC, Omunakwe HE, Onywera H, Abe H, Karray H, Nansumba H, Triki H, Kadjo HAA, Elgahzaly H, Gumbo H, Mathieu H, Kavunga-Membo H, Smeti I, Olawoye IB, Adetifa IMO, Odia I, Ben Boubaker IB, Muhammad IA, Ssewanyana I, Wurie I, Konstantinus IS, Halatoko JWA, Ayei J, Sonoo J, Makangara JC, Tamfum JM, Heraud JM, Shaffer JG, Giandhari J, Musyoki J, Nkurunziza J, Uwanibe JN, Bhiman JN, Yasuda J, Morais J, Kiconco J, Sandi JD, Huddleston J, Odoom JK, Morobe JM, Gyapong JO, Kayiwa JT, Okolie JC, Xavier JS, Gyamfi J, Wamala JF, Bonney JHK, Nyandwi J, Everatt J, Nakaseegu J, Ngoi JM, Namulondo J, Oguzie JU, Andeko JC, Lutwama JJ, Mogga JJH, O'Grady J, Siddle KJ, Victoir K, Adeyemi KT, Tumedi KA, Carvalho KS, Mohammed KS, Dellagi K, Musonda KG, Duedu KO, Fki-Berrajah L, Singh L, Kepler LM, Biscornet L, de Oliveira Martins L, Chabuka L, Olubayo L, Ojok LD, Deng LL, Ochola-Oyier LI, Tyers L, Mine M, Ramuth M, Mastouri M, ElHefnawi M, Mbanne M, Matsheka MI, Kebabonye M, Diop M, Momoh M, Lima Mendonça MDL, Venter M, Paye MF, Faye M, Nyaga MM, Mareka M, Damaris MM, Mburu MW, Mpina MG, Owusu M, Wiley MR, Tatfeng MY, Ayekaba MO, Abouelhoda M, Beloufa MA, Seadawy MG, Khalifa MK, Matobo MM, Kane M, Salou M, Mbulawa MB, Mwenda M, Allam M, Phan MVT, Abid N, Rujeni N, Abuzaid N, Ismael N, Elguindy N, Top NM, Dia N, Mabunda N, Hsiao NY, Silochi NB, Francisco NM, Saasa N, Bbosa N, Murunga N, Gumede N, Wolter N, Sitharam N, Ndodo N, Ajayi NA, Tordo N, Mbhele N, Razanajatovo NH, Iguosadolo N, Mba N, Kingsley OC, Sylvanus O, Femi O, Adewumi OM, Testimony O, Ogunsanya OA, Fakayode O, Ogah OE, Oludayo OE, Faye O, Smith-Lawrence P, Ondoa P, Combe P, Nabisubi P, Semanda P, Oluniyi PE, Arnaldo P, Quashie PK, Okokhere PO, Bejon P, Dussart P, Bester PA, Mbala PK, Kaleebu P, Abechi P, El-Shesheny R, Joseph R, Aziz RK, Essomba RG, Ayivor-Djanie R, Njouom R, Phillips RO, Gorman R, Kingsley RA, Neto Rodrigues RMDESA, Audu RA, Carr RAA, Gargouri S, Masmoudi S, Bootsma S, Sankhe S, Mohamed SI, Femi S, Mhalla S, Hosch S, Kassim SK, Metha S, Trabelsi S, Agwa SH, Mwangi SW, Doumbia S, Makiala-Mandanda S, Aryeetey S, Ahmed SS, Ahmed SM, Elhamoumi S, Moyo S, Lutucuta S, Gaseitsiwe S, Jalloh S, Andriamandimby SF, Oguntope S, Grayo S, Lekana-Douki S, Prosolek S, Ouangraoua S, van Wyk S, Schaffner SF, Kanyerezi S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Rudder S, Pillay S, Nabadda S, Behillil S, Budiaki SL, van der Werf S, Mashe T, Mohale T, Le-Viet T, Velavan TP, Schindler T, Maponga TG, Bedford T, Anyaneji UJ, Chinedu U, Ramphal U, George UE, Enouf V, Nene V, Gorova V, Roshdy WH, Karim WA, Ampofo WK, Preiser W, Choga WT, Ahmed YA, Ramphal Y, Bediako Y, Naidoo Y, Butera Y, de Laurent ZR, Ouma AEO, von Gottberg A, Githinji G, Moeti M, Tomori O, Sabeti PC, Sall AA, Oyola SO, Tebeje YK, Tessema SK, de Oliveira T, Happi C, Lessells R, Nkengasong J, and Wilkinson E
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- Africa epidemiology, Genomics, Humans, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 virology, Epidemiological Monitoring, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2 genetics
- Abstract
Investment in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing in Africa over the past year has led to a major increase in the number of sequences that have been generated and used to track the pandemic on the continent, a number that now exceeds 100,000 genomes. Our results show an increase in the number of African countries that are able to sequence domestically and highlight that local sequencing enables faster turnaround times and more-regular routine surveillance. Despite limitations of low testing proportions, findings from this genomic surveillance study underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic and illuminate the distinct dispersal dynamics of variants of concern-particularly Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron-on the continent. Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve while the continent faces many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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