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The development of an online movie ticket booking system for a movie theatre is the goal of this project. The reservation of tickets will be automated with this program. Any user will be able to access a movie theatre's website provided by this movie ticket reservation system There are three logins: admin login, theatre login and user login. The administrator adds or deletes the movies, the theatre operator adds or deletes the show times for a movie, the user books a ticket for a specific movie. The user confirms their choice of seats at the cinema. Once the seats are confirmed, a voice message is issued. At any time, the user can use this website to buy tickets online.

A signal embedding scheme into the emission of multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) frequency hopping (FH) radar is analysed. In this scheme, the phase shift keying (PSK) communication symbols are multiplied with the frequency hops in fast‐time, resulting in dual‐function radar‐communication (DFRC) waveforms. The authors examine the impact of PSK symbol embedding on the ambiguity function (AF) and power spectral density (PSD) and show that modulation of the radar pulse can benefit the radar functionality. The effect of PSK symbol embedding on the radar target detection performance of the DFRC system is delineated. The authors’ analyses show that the use of the DFRC waveforms enhances target detection performance. The authors also provide the symbol error rates (SERs) corresponding to different phase constellations at the communication receiver and address the practical data transfer rates that can be achieved with the underlying embedding scheme.

Summary Global warming, air pollution, and energy insecurity are three of the greatest problems facing humanity. To address these problems, we develop Green New Deal energy roadmaps for 143 countries. The roadmaps call for a 100% transition of all-purpose business-as-usual (BAU) energy to wind-water-solar (WWS) energy, efficiency, and storage by 2050 with at least 80% by 2030. Our studies on grid stability find that the countries, grouped into 24 regions, can match demand exactly from 2050 to 2052 with 100% WWS supply and storage. We also derive new cost metrics. Worldwide, WWS energy reduces end-use energy by 57.1%, aggregate private energy costs from $17.7 to $6.8 trillion/year (61%), and aggregate social (private plus health plus climate) costs from $76.1 to $6.8 trillion/year (91%) at a present value capital cost of ∼$73 trillion. WWS energy creates 28.6 million more long-term, full-time jobs than BAU energy and needs only ∼0.17% and ∼0.48% of land for new footprint and spacing, respectively. Thus, WWS requires less energy, costs less, and creates more jobs than does BAU.

We consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dual function radar communication (DFRC) system employing frequency hopping (FH) radar waveforms. The DFRC system embeds communication symbols using code-shift keying (CSK) strategy. Each symbol is represented by a phase modulated pulse code sequence which multiplies the radar hops in fast-time before transmitted from the MIMO radar platform. This strategy allows for reduced clutter modulation caused by changed radar waveforms within coherent processing interval (CPI). We analyze the effect of this communication symbol embedding scheme on range sildelobe levels (RSLs) and derive the DFRC probability of target detection. We show that the DFRC waveforms enhances target visibility leading to improved target detection compared with the FH radar without signal embedding.

We consider a code-shift keying (CSK) dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) system where the radar implements frequency hopping wideband signal that is modulated by the communication symbols. Each symbol is represented by a phase coded waveform with derivative phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation. The information sequences are multiplied with the FH waveforms in fast-time and are transmitted through the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar platforms. We use the genetic algorithm (GA) to design the optimum CSK sequences to reduce the radar range sidelobes modulation (RSM) which is imperative for clutter mitigation. It is shown that the optimal CSK sequences yield a substantial reduction in the range sidelobe level (RSL) fluctuations by simultaneously reducing the DFRC system's RSLs. Additionally, the proposed DFRC system with the optimized waveform design provides good spectrum containment and achieves high communication data rates by enabling the repeated use of hopping code values in the FH code design.

In this paper, we compare the performance of different phase modulated frequency hopping (FH) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar waveforms. The communication symbols are embedded into the FH waveforms under the auspices of dual-function (DF) radar and communications system. In the proposed scheme, each embedded symbol is represented by a sequence of phases. The phase modulated sequence is embedded through multiplication with the radar hops and is transmitted through a MIMO radar platform. Using this scheme, we consider information embedding in MIMO FH radar implementing different types of phase modulated sequence, including phase shift keying (PSK), differential phase shift keying (DPSK) and continuous phase modulation (CPM). We analyze the corresponding ambiguity functions (AFs) in terms of reducing or increasing range and Doppler sidelobes compared to the FH radar without any signal embedding. The spectral sidelobe levels and the complexity of the demodulator at the communication receiver are also examined. It is shown the proposed embedding scheme for DPSK and CPM minimizes the frequency leakage outside the radar signal bandwidth. To demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed scheme, we compare its performance with existing embedding schemes, all for FH radars. It is shown that our approach, in its significant reductions of range sidelobes, permits high data rate transmission. This is made possible because the FH radar can now afford using duplicate hopping code values without the penalty of incurring high correlations, or range sidelobe levels.

Analyzing the breathing data to classify the respiratory states has various applications in the areas of drug overdose and medical diagnosis of several other respiratory medical conditions. Tracheal sounds have shown to provide accurate breathing data with high signal to noise ratio for measuring air flow. The heartbeat signal is a source of interference for the tracheal sound measurements and hence is often filtered out prior to the tracheal sound data analysis. Filtering the heartbeat signal, however, removes a part of the tracheal sound data along with its energy and statistical information. We propose an algorithm to classify the respiratory states from the tracheal sound data despite the presence of heartbeat signals. This algorithm uses the data histogram as well as the data autocorrelation function (ACF) for feature extractions, and shows that these features, when used by a Softmax classifier, can properly discriminate among breathing conditions with classification rates exceeding 97%.

We present a dual-function radar communication (DFRC) system applying signal embedding through a code shift keying (CSK) strategy. The information symbol is phase encoded into a sequence and then modulated by the continuous phase modulation (CPM) before embedding into frequency hopping (FH) radar sub-pulses. The CPM modulated communication symbol phase coded sequence is multiplied with the FH radar waveforms in fast-time and transmitted through multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar platforms. We address the problem of range sidelobe modulation (RSM) and propose the design of the optimum CSK sequences to reduce the degree of change in the range sidelobe levels (RSLs) of the ambiguity function (AF). It is shown that the optimum CSK sequences yield significant reduction in the RSLs of the DFRC system. They also maintain the same degree of correlation between FH sub-pulses regardless of the communication symbol sequences embedded. Additionally, the proposed DFRC system with the optimized waveform design provides good spectrum containment and achieves high communication data rates.

DISC1 regulates signalling pathways which are involved in neuronal development, brain maturation like neuronal proliferation and processes involved in central nervous system development. The DISC1 gene is one of the potential candidate gene involved in Schizophrenia risk. In the present study, we performed case-control association study using TaqMan based chemistry in which a total of 382 individuals, 152 Schizophrenia patients and 230 healthy controls were genotyped to explore the association of rs3738401 and rs16854954 of DISC1 gene with susceptibility to Schizophrenia risk in North Indian population of Jammu region. The findings from the study revealed that rs3738401 was significantly associated with Schizophrenia and the G allele of rs3738401 is associated with increased risk for the disorder (OR = 1.66; [1.22–2.24 at 95%CI] P = 0.001) whereas other variant rs16854954 of DISC1 gene was not found to be associated with the disease(OR = 0.96, [0.71–1.30 at 95% CI] P = 0.75). The present study offers an important evidence on the genetic cause of DISC1 gene in North Indian population and further strengthens the GWAS findings on the role of DISC1 in schizophrenia risk. This study provides the holistic view about the Schizophrenia in Jammu region, North Indian population and it can be a hallmark if verified on a very large sample size (cohort).

We present a dual-function radar communication (DFRC) system in which phase modulated information symbols are embedded in the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) frequency hopping (FH) radar sub-pulses in fast-time. The communications are considered as the secondary function of the proposed dual-function radar communication (DFRC) systems. We use differential phase shift keying (DPSK) and continuous phase modulation (CPM). These modulations preserve the continuous phase between the FH sub-pulses, unlike phase shift keying (PSK) modulated symbols. The performance of FH/DPSK and FH/CPM systems is compared with that of the FH/PSK system in terms of range sidelobe levels (RSL) and power spectral density (PSD). It is shown that the proposed DFRC systems exhibit better spectral containment and lower spectral sidelobe levels. The communication data rates for the proposed system are derived, and to assume relatively high values.

Information embedding into the emission of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) frequency hopping (FH) radar is analyzed. It is assumed that the radar is primary under dual function radar communication system platforms. phase shift keying (PSK) communication symbols are embedded in each hop of the FH waveforms. The impact of embedding is a significant reduction in range sidelobe levels. We examine the impact of PSK symbol embedding on the power spectral density (PSD) of the MIMO radar. It is shown that there is spectral leakage due to the disruption of the continuous phase of the FH waveforms by the PSK symbol embedding. The trade-off between low sidelobe levels and low spectral leakage is analyzed. To maintain the phase continuity between the frequency hops, modulation of FH waveforms with frequency shift keying (FSK) symbols is considered and its performance is compared with that of the FH/PSK radar communication waveforms.

Eight thermophilic bacterial strains were isolated from Tattapani Hot spring and screened for various hydrolytic enzymes including cellulases. The isolated bacterial strains were identified as Geobacillus thermodenitrificans IP_WH1(KP842609), Bacillus licheniformis IP_WH2(KP842610), B. aerius IP_WH3(KP842611), B. licheniformis IP_WH4(KP842612), B. licheniformis IP_60Y(KP842613), G. thermodenitrificans IP_60A1(KP842614), Geobacillus sp. IP_60A2(KP842615) and Geobacillus sp. IP_80TP(KP842616) after 16S ribotying. Out of the eight isolates Geobacillus sp. IP_80TP grew best at 80 °C whereas rest of the isolates showed optimal growth at 60 °C. G. thermodenitrificans IP_WH1 produced a thermotolerant cellulase with maximum activity at 60 °C.

Study of soil suction is important in design and implementation of slope stability and erosion control measures. In order to conduct a realistic analysis of performance of sustainable green infrastructure, it is essential to address the uncertainties in suction induced by vegetation due to variability in their leaf and root characteristics, evapotranspiration (ET) and initial conditions of the soil. The objective of this study is to investigate the combined influence leaf area index (LAI), root depth, ET rate and initial suction of soil on root water uptake-induced soil suction. A parametric numerical study was performed with 480 simulations using HYDRUS to carry out the finite element analysis. The study was done on completely decomposed granite (CDG) soil and vegetation species used was Schefflera heptaphylla. It was observed that although if independently considered, vegetation with higher LAI provided greater mechanical stability, when combined with higher ET rates or initial suction, the suction induced may lead to wilting of the vegetation. Artificial intelligence technique such as Artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict matric suction at any given depth using the results obtained from the numerical simulations. Performance of the best model indicated that ANN was able to successfully predict the vegetation-induced matric suction.

There is a presumed adverse effect on radar operation brought about from embedding communication signals in radar waveforms. Contrary to that presumption, we show in this paper that modulation of the radar pulse can indeed benefit both radar and communications in the dual system paradigm. This is shown by analyzing the impact of phase-shift keying (PSK) symbol embedding on the ambiguity function (AF) of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. Our analysis shows that the embedded PSK symbols yield reduction in the AF sidelobe peaks for a single pulse as well as for a series of radar pulses. To prove these results, we analyze the AF with and without the PSK symbol embedding. It is shown that the embedding of PSK symbols enable increasing the number of orthogonal transmit waveforms that can be used without increasing the sidelobe levels (SLL) of the corresponding AF.

Ground improvement through fiber-reinforced soil has been in practice in the recent past. However, with increasing concern for sustainable development, researchers are encouraged to investigate alternative forms of reinforcement than the mainstream synthetic fibers. Coir fibers have been in practice as an alternative natural fiber for ground improvement. In this study, fibers extracted from a local coconut plantation were used to improve the strength characteristics of a local hill soil. The strength characteristics of the soil-coir fiber composite have been compared with the same soil reinforced with synthetic polypropylene fiber. The study investigates the strength variation and change in ductility of both soil-fiber composite with respect to bare soil. The fiber percentage added to soil was selected at 0.5, 0.75 and 1% of the dry weight of soil. A series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted to ascertain the strength characteristics of the soil. The reinforcement strength results of the soil-coir fiber composite show the efficacy of using such a natural fiber to improve the soil strength characteristics.

Expansive clays undergo large volumetric changes with varying moisture content inducing desiccation cracks. Desiccation cracks increase the hydraulic conductivity and reduce the strength of the soil substantially. This can be a setback when expansive clays are used as landfill liners and covers where low hydraulic conductivity is mandatory to ensure a safe barrier. In this study, the effect of discrete and randomly distributed fiber (DRDF) reinforcement on desiccation cracking of soil with varying fiber lengths was investigated. Black cotton soil, a locally available expansive clay, was reinforced with polypropylene fibers of lengths 6, 12, and 18 mm, at 0.5% fiber content (% by dry weight of soil). The slurry samples were allowed to dry at uniform temperature and relative humidity. Various physical and morphological parameters such as cell area, crack width, and moisture content were observed over time. The crack parameters were quantified using digital image analysis (DIA). It was observed that fiber inclusion efficiently reduces desiccation cracking by increasing the tensile strength of the clay.