40 results on '"Hoornstra D"'
Search Results
2. Borrelia miyamotoi infection leads to cross-reactive antibodies to the C6 peptide in mice and men
- Author
-
Koetsveld, J., Platonov, A.E., Kuleshov, K., Wagemakers, A., Hoornstra, D., Ang, W., Szekeres, S., van Duijvendijk, G.L.A., Fikrig, E., Embers, M.E., Sprong, H., and Hovius, J.W.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Serodiagnosis of Borrelia miyamotoi disease by measuring antibodies against GlpQ and variable major proteins
- Author
-
Koetsveld, J., Kolyasnikova, N.M., Wagemakers, A., Stukolova, O.A., Hoornstra, D., Sarksyan, D.S., Toporkova, M.G., Henningsson, A.J., Hvidsten, D., Ang, W., Dessau, R., Platonov, A.E., and Hovius, J.W.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Ticking on Pandora's box - study protocol
- Author
-
Hoornstra, D., Wagemakers, Alex, Gauw, Stefanie A., Harms, Margriet G., Azagi, Tal, Kremer, Kristin, Sprong, Hein, van den Wijngaard, C. C., and Hovius, Joppe W.
- Subjects
Health Sciences - Abstract
Background: Tick-borne pathogens other than Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato - the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis - are common in Ixodes ricinus ticks. How often these pathogens cause human disease is unknown. In addition, diagnostic tools to identify such diseases are lacking or reserved to research laboratories. To elucidate their prevalence and disease burden, the study 'Ticking on Pandora's Box' has been initiated, a collaborative effort between Amsterdam University Medical Center and the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. Methods: The study investigates how often the tick-borne pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia species, Borrelia miyamotoi, Neoehrlichia mikurensis, spotted fever group Rickettsia species and/or tick-borne encephalitis virus cause an acute febrile illness after tick-bite. We aim to determine the impact and severity of these tick-borne diseases in the Netherlands by measuring their prevalence and describing their clinical picture and course of disease. The study is designed as a prospective case-control study. We aim to include 150 cases - individuals clinically suspected of a tick-borne disease - and 3 matched healthy control groups of 200 persons each. The controls consist respectively of a group of individuals with either a tick-bite without complaints, the general population and of healthy blood donors. During a one-year follow-up we will acquire blood, urine and skin biopsy samples and ticks at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks. Additionally, participants answer modified versions of validated questionnaires to assess self-reported symptoms, among which the SF-36, on a 3 monthly basis. Discussion: This article describes the background and design of the study protocol of 'Ticking on Pandora's Box'. With our study we hope to provide insight into the prevalence, clinical presentation and disease burden of the tick-borne diseases anaplasmosis, babesiosis, B. miyamotoi disease, neoehrlichiosis, rickettsiosis and tick-borne encephalitis and to assist in test development as well as provide recommendations for national guidelines. Trial registration: NL9258 (retrospectively registered at Netherlands Trial Register, trialregister.nl in in February 2021).
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Boar spermatozoa as a biosensor for detecting toxic substances in indoor dust and aerosols
- Author
-
Andersson, M.A., Mikkola, R., Rasimus, S., Hoornstra, D., Salin, P., Rahkila, R., Heikkinen, M., Mattila, S., Peltola, J., Kalso, S., and Salkinoja-Salonen, M.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Andere tekenbeetziekten
- Author
-
Hoornstra, D., Sprong, H, Hovius, JW, and Hulscher, MEJL
- Published
- 2021
7. Additional file 1 of Ticking on Pandora’s box: a prospective case-control study into ‘other’ tick-borne diseases
- Author
-
Hoornstra, D., Harms, M. G., Gauw, S. A., Wagemakers, A., Azagi, T., Kremer, K., Sprong, H., van den Wijngaard, C. C., and Hovius, J. W.
- Abstract
Additional file 1. (1) Specifics of laboratory measurements. (2) Questionnaires. (3) Sample size calculation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The BIOSAFEPAPER project for in vitro toxicity assessments: Preparation, detailed chemical characterisation and testing of extracts from paper and board samples
- Author
-
Bradley, E.L., Honkalampi-Hämäläinen, U., Weber, A., Andersson, M.A., Bertaud, F., Castle, L., Dahlman, O., Hakulinen, P., Hoornstra, D., Lhuguenot, J.-C., Mäki-Paakkanen, J., Salkinoja-Salonen, M., Speck, D.R., Severin, I., Stammati, A., Turco, L., Zucco, F., and von Wright, A.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Door teken overgedragen infectieziekten in Nederland: meer dan de ziekte van Lyme alleen
- Author
-
Montizaan, Margriet, Hoornstra, D., Kremer, K., Wijngaard, K. van den, Hovius, J., Sprong, H., and Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC)
- Subjects
Borrelia miyamotoi ,Neoehrlichia mikurensis ,Rickettsia helvetica ,teken-encefalitis, FSME, TBE, teken ,teken, FSME, TBE, Ixodes ricinus ,Lyme ,Babesia ,Rickettsia monacensis ,Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) ,Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Abstract
De bekendste en meest voorkomende door teken overgedragen aandoening is de ziekte van Lyme. Een minder bekende en minder voorkomende ziekte is teken-encefalitis, een ziekte waarvan sinds 2016 duidelijk is dat jaarlijks enkele mensen deze in Nederland oplopen. Teken kunnen verschillende andere micro-organismen met zich mee dragen, waaronder Anaplasma-, Babesia- en Rickettsia-soorten en een ‘relapsing fever’ Borrelia. Dit artikel beschrijft de epidemiologie en symptomen van infecties met door teken overgedragen micro-organismen in Nederland en de beschikbare diagnostiek. Ondanks dat in teken micro-organismen, anders dan Lyme-spirocheten, relatief vaak worden gevonden, zijn slechts weinig tot geen casus beschreven. Dit kan meerdere oorzaken hebben. Om meer inzicht in deze oorzaken te krijgen en om de diagnostiek te verbeteren, is een studie gestart om te onderzoeken hoe vaak deze microorganismen voorkomen bij patiënten met koorts na een tekenbeet. Daarnaast kan een verhoogde bewustwording bij artsen en arts-microbiologen van andere door teken overgedragen infectieziekten ook leiden tot de identificatie van meer patiënten. Dit kan bijdragen aan een betere inschatting van de maatschappelijke en klinische impact van de verschillende door teken overgedragen aandoeningen in Nederland.
- Published
- 2020
10. Door teken overgedragen infectieziekten in Nederland: meer dan de ziekte van Lyme alleen
- Author
-
Montizaan, M, Hoornstra, D., Kremer, K, van den Wijngaard, K, Hovius, J, Sprong, H, and Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC)
- Subjects
Borrelia miyamotoi ,Neoehrlichia mikurensis ,Rickettsia helvetica ,teken-encefalitis, FSME, TBE, teken ,teken, FSME, TBE, Ixodes ricinus ,Lyme ,Babesia ,Rickettsia monacensis ,Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) ,Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Abstract
De bekendste en meest voorkomende door teken overgedragen aandoening is de ziekte van Lyme. Een minder bekende en minder voorkomende ziekte is teken-encefalitis, een ziekte waarvan sinds 2016 duidelijk is dat jaarlijks enkele mensen deze in Nederland oplopen. Teken kunnen verschillende andere micro-organismen met zich mee dragen, waaronder Anaplasma-, Babesia- en Rickettsia-soorten en een ‘relapsing fever’ Borrelia. Dit artikel beschrijft de epidemiologie en symptomen van infecties met door teken overgedragen micro-organismen in Nederland en de beschikbare diagnostiek. Ondanks dat in teken micro-organismen, anders dan Lyme-spirocheten, relatief vaak worden gevonden, zijn slechts weinig tot geen casus beschreven. Dit kan meerdere oorzaken hebben. Om meer inzicht in deze oorzaken te krijgen en om de diagnostiek te verbeteren, is een studie gestart om te onderzoeken hoe vaak deze microorganismen voorkomen bij patiënten met koorts na een tekenbeet. Daarnaast kan een verhoogde bewustwording bij artsen en arts-microbiologen van andere door teken overgedragen infectieziekten ook leiden tot de identificatie van meer patiënten. Dit kan bijdragen aan een betere inschatting van de maatschappelijke en klinische impact van de verschillende door teken overgedragen aandoeningen in Nederland.
- Published
- 2020
11. A new method for in vitro detection of microbially produced mitochondrial toxins
- Author
-
Hoornstra, D., Andersson, M.A., Mikkola, R., and Salkinoja-Salonen, M.S.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Toxicological profile of cereulide, the Bacillus cereus emetic toxin, in functional assays with human, animal and bacterial cells
- Author
-
Andersson M.A. a, Hakulinen P, b, Honkalampi-Hamalainen U. c, Hoornstra D. a, Lhuguenot J.C. d, Maki-Paakkanen J. b, Savolainen M. e, Severin I. d, Stammati A.L. f, Turco L. f, Weber A. c, von Wright A. c, Zucco F. g, and Salkinoja-Salonen M. a
- Subjects
fungi ,RNA synthesis ,Motility ,Neutral red uptake (NRU) ,Micronucleus assay ,Comet test (SCG) ,bacteria ,Cereulide ,Ionophore ,Potassium carrier ,Bacillus cereus ,Genotoxicity ,Cytotoxicity ,EROD ,CYP1A1 ,Bioluminescence ,Ames test ,Vibrio fischeri ,HEp-2 ,HepG2 ,Hepa-1 ,Boar sperm - Abstract
Some strains of the endospore-forming bacterium Bacillus cereus produce a heat-stable ionophoric peptide, cereulide, of high human toxicity. We assessed cell toxicity of cereulide by measuring the toxicities of crude extracts of cereulide producing and non-producing strains of B. cereus, and of pure cereulide, using cells of human, animal and bacterial origins. Hepatic cell lines and boar sperm, with cytotoxicity and sperm motility, respectively, as the end points, were inhibited by 1 nM of cereulide present as B. cereus extract. RNA synthesis and cell proliferation in HepG2 cells was inhibited by 2 nM of cereulide. These toxic effects were explainable by the action of cereulide as a high-affinity mobile K+ carrier. Exposure to cereulide containing extracts of B. cereus caused neither activation of CYP1A1 nor genotoxicity (comet assay, micronucleus test) at concentrations below those that were cytotoxic (0.6 nM cereulide). Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation (Ames) test was negative. Exposure of Vibrio fischeri to extracts of B. cereus caused stimulated luminescence up to 600%, independent on the presence of cereulide, but purified cereulide inhibited the luminescence with an IC50% (30 min) of 170 nM. Thus the luminescence-stimulating B. cereus substance(s) masked the toxicity of cereulide in B. cereus extracts to V. fischeri.
- Published
- 2007
13. Safety evaluation of food contact paper and board using chemical tests and in vitro bioassays: role of known and unknown substances
- Author
-
Honkalampi-Hämäläinen, U., primary, Bradley, E.L., additional, Castle, L., additional, Severin, I., additional, Dahbi, L., additional, Dahlman, O., additional, Lhuguenot, J.-C., additional, Andersson, M.A., additional, Hakulinen, P., additional, Hoornstra, D., additional, Mäki-Paakkanen, J., additional, Salkinoja-Salonen, M., additional, Turco, L., additional, Stammati, A., additional, Zucco, F., additional, Weber, A., additional, and von Wright, A., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Test procedures for obtaining representative extracts suitable for reliablein vitrotoxicity assessment of paper and board intended for food contact
- Author
-
Bradley, E.L., primary, Stammati, A., additional, Salkinoja-Salonen, M., additional, Andersson, M., additional, Bertaud, F., additional, Hoornstra, D., additional, Zucco, F., additional, Weber, A., additional, Turco, L., additional, Traussnig, H., additional, Hakulinen, P., additional, Speck, D.R., additional, Von Wright, A.J., additional, Honkalampi-Hämäläinen, U., additional, Mäki-Paakkanen, J., additional, Severin, I., additional, Lhuguenot, J.-C., additional, and Dahlman, O., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. RECOVERY OF OIL TRAPPED IN SHIP-WRECKS: THE DIFIS CONCEPT
- Author
-
Cozijn, J.L., primary, Andritsos, F., additional, Konstantinopoulos, P.A., additional, Charatsis, K. J., additional, Derdas, C., additional, Mazarakos, D., additional, Kostopoulos, V., additional, Hoornstra, D., additional, Pena, A. Arnedo, additional, Candini, L., additional, Ametler, S., additional, Fidani, A., additional, Castex, A., additional, Delauze, M., additional, Drogou, J. F., additional, Lívèque, J. P., additional, Davies, P., additional, Montandon, C., additional, Geffard, F., additional, Pecot, F., additional, and Estrada, V., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Safety assessment of food-contact paper and board using a battery of short-term toxicity tests: European union BIOSAFEPAPER project
- Author
-
Severin, I., primary, Dahbi, L., additional, Lhuguenot, J. -C., additional, Andersson, M. A., additional, Hoornstra, D., additional, Salkinoja-Salonen, M., additional, Turco, L., additional, Zucco, F., additional, Stammati, A., additional, Dahlman, O., additional, Castle, L., additional, Savolainen, M., additional, Weber, A., additional, Honkalampi-Hamalainen, U., additional, and Von Wright, A., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Test procedures for obtaining representative extracts suitable for reliable in vitro toxicity assessment of paper and board intended for food contact.
- Author
-
Bradley, E.L., Stammati, A., Salkinoja-Salonen, M., Andersson, M., Bertaud, F., Hoornstra, D., Zucco, F., Weber, A., Turco, L., Traussnig, H., Hakulinen, P., Speck, D.R., Von Wright, A.J., Honkalampi-Hämäläinen, U., Mäki-Paakkanen, J., Severin, I., Lhuguenot, J.-C., and Dahlman, O.
- Abstract
This paper describes the use of a suite of extraction procedures applicable to the assessment of the in vitro toxicity of paper/board samples intended for food-contact applications. The sample is extracted with ethanol, water, or exposed to modified polyphenylene oxide (Tenax®) for fatty, non-fatty and dry food applications, respectively. The water extracts are directly suitable for safety assessment using in vitro bioassays. The ethanol extracts of the paper/board and of the exposed Tenax require pre-concentration to give acceptable sensitivity. This is because the in vitro bioassays can tolerate only a small percentage of added organic solvent before the solvent itself inhibits. The extraction procedures have been selected such that they mimic the foreseeable conditions of use with foods and that they are also fully compatible with the battery of in vitro biological assays for the safety assessment of the total migrate. The application of the extraction protocols is illustrated by the results for one of the many paper/board samples provided by the BIOSAFEPAPER project industrial platform members. The assessment indicated that this sample should not be considered as suitable for use with fatty foodstuffs but was suitable for dry and non-fatty foods. Information subsequently received from the manufacturer revealed that this was a non-food-grade product included in the project to test the capabilities of the bioassay procedures. The selection criteria for the test conditions and the suite of methods developed have been prepared in Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) format and is currently being progressed by CEN/TC172 as a European Standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Combining short- and long-read sequencing unveils geographically structured diversity in Borrelia miyamotoi .
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Kuleshov KV, Fingerle V, Hepner S, Wagemakers A, Strube C, Castillo-Ramírez S, Bockenstedt LK, Telford SR, Sprong H, Platonov AE, Margos G, and Hovius JW
- Abstract
Borrelia miyamotoi is an emerging Ixodes tick-borne human pathogen in the Northern hemisphere. The aim of the current study was to compare whole genome sequences of B. miyamotoi isolates from different continents. Using a combination of Illumina and PacBio platforms and a novel genome assembly and plasmid typing pipeline, we reveal that the 21 sequenced B. miyamotoi isolates and publically available B. miyamotoi genomes from North America, Asia, and Europe form genetically distinct populations and cluster according to their geographical origin, where distinct Ixodes species are endemic. We identified 20 linear and 17 circular plasmid types and the presence of specific plasmids for isolates originating from different continents. Linear plasmids lp12, lp23, lp41, and lp72 were core plasmids found in all isolates, with lp41 consistently containing the vmp expression site. Our data provide insights into the genetic basis of vector competence, virulence, and pathogenesis of B. miyamotoi ., Competing Interests: All authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Case report: First case of Borrelia miyamotoi meningitis in an immunocompromised patient in Norway.
- Author
-
Schwartz T, Hoornstra D, Øie E, Hovius J, and Quarsten H
- Abstract
Background: Tick-borne disease caused by B. miyamotoi (BMD) usually manifest as a febrile illness in humans. Complications include relapsing fever and in rare occasions involvement of the central nervous system. Only a few cases of meningoencephalitis have been described, mostly in immunosuppressed patients., Case Presentation: A 70-year-old female receiving immunosuppressive rituximab therapy presented with frontal headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and chills. Clinical laboratory blood analyses were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was translucent and analysis showed increased leucocyte count (187 10
6 /L) and elevated level of protein (1056 mg/L). Empiric antibiotic treatment was initiated. The patient showed an early symptomatic relief and 24 h after admission she was discharged from the hospital and antibiotic treatment was discontinued. Two weeks after hospitalisation the B. miyamotoi specific PCR turned out positive in both CSF and serum. At the time, the patient was recovered with mild residual headache. She was treated with high dose doxycycline and her subtle symptoms disappeared., Conclusions: To our knowledge, we present the first patient with BMD-associated meningitis in Norway, one of eight cases reported worldwide. The patient had mild symptoms and received an early diagnosis. A more severe progression or relapse of disease may have been prevented by antibiotic treatment. BMD should be considered as causes of aseptic meningitis, especially in immunosuppressed patients living in endemic areas., Competing Interests: None., (© 2023 The Authors.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Development and Validation of a Protein Array for Detection of Antibodies against the Tick-Borne Pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi.
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Stukolova OA, Karan LS, Sarksyan DS, Kolyasnikova NM, Markelov ML, Cherkashina AS, Dolgova AS, Sudina AE, Sokolova MI, Platonov AE, and Hovius JW
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Flagellin, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Protein Array Analysis, Borrelia, Ixodes microbiology, Borrelia Infections immunology, Antibodies, Bacterial analysis
- Abstract
Current serological tests for the emerging tick-borne pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi lack diagnostic accuracy. To improve serodiagnosis, we investigated a protein array simultaneously screening for IgM and IgG reactivity against multiple recombinant B. miyamotoi antigens. The array included six B. miyamotoi antigens: glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GlpQ), multiple variable major proteins (Vmps), and flagellin. Sera included samples from cases of PCR-proven Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD), multiple potentially cross-reactive control groups (including patients with culture-proven Lyme borreliosis, confirmed Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, or other spirochetal infections), and several healthy control groups from regions where Ixodes is endemic and regions where it is nonendemic. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, the cutoff for reactivity per antigen was set at 5 μg/mL for IgM and IgG. The individual antigens demonstrated high sensitivity but relatively low specificity for both IgM and IgG. The best-performing single antigen (GlpQ) showed a sensitivity of 88.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78.9 to 93.5) and a specificity of 94.2% (95% CI, 92.7 to 95.6) for IgM/IgG. Applying the previous published diagnostic algorithm-defining seroreactivity as reactivity against GlpQ and any Vmp-revealed a significantly higher specificity of 98.5% (95% CI, 97.6 to 99.2) but a significantly lower sensitivity of 79.5% (95% CI, 69.3 to 87.0) for IgM/IgG compared to GlpQ alone. Therefore, we propose to define seroreactivity as reactivity against GlpQ and any Vmp or flagellin which resulted in a comparable sensitivity of 84.3% (95% CI, 74.7 to 90.8) and a significantly higher specificity of 97.9% (95% CI, 96.9 to 98.7) for IgM/IgG compared to GlpQ alone. In conclusion, we have developed and validated a novel serological tool to diagnose BMD that could be implemented in clinical practice and epidemiological studies. IMPORTANCE This paper describes the protein array as a novel serological test for the diagnosis of Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD), by reporting the methodology, the development of a diagnostic algorithm, and its extensive validation. With rising numbers of ticks and tick bites, tick-borne diseases, such as BMD, urgently deserve further societal and medical attention. B. miyamotoi is prevalent in Ixodes ticks across the northern hemisphere. Humans are exposed to, and infected by, B. miyamotoi and develop BMD in Asia, in North America, and to a lesser extent in Europe. However, the burden of infection and disease remains largely unknown, due to the noncharacteristic clinical presentation, together with the lack of awareness and availability of diagnostic tools. With this paper, we offer a novel diagnostic tool which will assist in assessing the burden of disease and could be implemented in clinical care.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. CD55 Facilitates Immune Evasion by Borrelia crocidurae, an Agent of Relapsing Fever.
- Author
-
Arora G, Lynn GE, Tang X, Rosen CE, Hoornstra D, Sajid A, Hovius JW, Palm NW, Ring AM, and Fikrig E
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Mice, Immune Evasion, Rodentia, Cytokines, Relapsing Fever epidemiology, Borrelia physiology, Blood Group Antigens
- Abstract
Relapsing fever, caused by diverse Borrelia spirochetes, is prevalent in many parts of the world and causes significant morbidity and mortality. To investigate the pathoetiology of relapsing fever, we performed a high-throughput screen of Borrelia-binding host factors using a library of human extracellular and secretory proteins and identified CD55 as a novel host binding partner of Borrelia crocidurae and Borrelia persica, two agents of relapsing fever in Africa and Eurasia. CD55 is present on the surface of erythrocytes, carries the Cromer blood group antigens, and protects cells from complement-mediated lysis. Using flow cytometry, we confirmed that both human and murine CD55 bound to B. crocidurae and B. persica. Given the expression of CD55 on erythrocytes, we investigated the role of CD55 in pathological B. crocidurae-induced erythrocyte aggregation (rosettes), which enables spirochete immune evasion. We showed that rosette formation was partially dependent on host cell CD55 expression. Pharmacologically, soluble recombinant CD55 inhibited erythrocyte rosette formation. Finally, CD55-deficient mice infected with B. crocidurae had a lower pathogen load and elevated proinflammatory cytokine and complement factor C5a levels. In summary, our results indicate that CD55 is a host factor that is manipulated by the causative agents of relapsing fever for immune evasion. IMPORTANCE Borrelia species are causative agents of Lyme disease and relapsing fever infections in humans. B. crocidurae causes one of the most prevalent relapsing fever infections in parts of West Africa. In the endemic regions, B. crocidurae is present in ~17% of the ticks and ~11% of the rodents that serve as reservoirs. In Senegal, ~7% of patients with acute febrile illness were found to be infected with B. crocidurae. There is little information on host-pathogen interactions and how B. crocidurae manipulates host immunity. In this study, we used a high-throughput screen to identify host proteins that interact with relapsing fever-causing Borrelia species. We identified CD55 as one of the host proteins that bind to B. crocidurae and B. persica, the two causes of relapsing fever in Africa and Eurasia. We show that the interaction of B. crocidurae with CD55, present on the surface of erythrocytes, is key to immune evasion and successful infection in vivo . Our study further shows the role of CD55 in complement regulation, regulation of inflammatory cytokine levels, and innate immunity during relapsing fever infection. Overall, this study sheds light on host-pathogen interactions during relapsing fever infection in vivo .
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Prevalence and clinical manifestation of Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes ticks and humans in the northern hemisphere: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Azagi T, van Eck JA, Wagemakers A, Koetsveld J, Spijker R, Platonov AE, Sprong H, and Hovius JW
- Subjects
- Animals, Borrelia, Humans, Nymph, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Ixodes, Tick-Borne Diseases epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Various studies have evaluated the infection of Ixodes ticks and humans with the relapsing fever spirochaete Borrelia miyamotoi. However, to our knowledge, the prevalence of infection and disease has not been assessed systematically. We aimed to examine the prevalence of B miyamotoi in Ixodes ticks and humans, and the disease it can cause, in the northern hemisphere., Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed and Web of Science up to March 1, 2021. Studies assessing Ixodes tick infection published since Jan 1, 2011 were eligible, whereas no time limitation was placed on reports of human infection and disease. We extracted B miyamotoi test positivity ratios and used a random-effects model to calculate estimated proportions of infected ticks, infected humans, and human disease with 95% CI. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021268996., Findings: We identified 730 studies through database searches and 316 additional studies that referenced two seminal articles on B miyamotoi. Of these 1046 studies, 157 were included in the review, reporting on 165 637 questing ticks, 45 608 unique individuals, and 504 well described cases of B miyamotoi disease in humans. In ticks, the highest prevalence of B miyamotoi was observed in Ixodes persulcatus (2·8%, 95% CI 2·4-3·1) and the lowest in Ixodes pacificus (0·7%, 0·6-0·8). The overall seroprevalence in humans was 4·4% (2·8-6·3), with significantly (p<0·0001) higher seroprevalences in the high-risk group (4·6%, 2·6-7·1), participants with confirmed or suspected Lyme borreliosis (4·8%, 1·8-8·8), and individuals suspected of having a different tick-borne disease (11·9%, 5·6-19·9) than in healthy controls (1·3%, 0·4-2·8). Participants suspected of having a different tick-borne disease tested positive for B miyamotoi by PCR significantly more often than did the high-risk group (p=0·025), with individuals in Asia more likely to test positive than those in the USA (odds ratio 14·63 [95% CI 2·80-76·41])., Interpretation: B miyamotoi disease should be considered an emerging infectious disease, especially in North America and Asia. Prospective studies and increased awareness are required to obtain further insights into the burden of disease., Funding: ZonMW and the European Regional Development Fund (Interreg)., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Self-reported symptoms and health complaints associated with exposure to Ixodes ricinus-borne pathogens.
- Author
-
Azagi T, Harms M, Swart A, Fonville M, Hoornstra D, Mughini-Gras L, Hovius JW, Sprong H, and van den Wijngaard C
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Prospective Studies, Self Report, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne, Ixodes, Lyme Disease epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: The impact of infections with tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) other than Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) on public health in Europe remains unclear. Our goal is to evaluate whether the presence of these TBPs in ticks can be associated with self-reported health complaints., Methods: We enrolled individuals who were bitten by I. ricinus between 2012 and 2015 and collected their relevant demographic and clinical information using a self-administered online questionnaire. A total of 4163 I. ricinus ticks sent by the participants were subject to molecular analyses for detection of specific TBPs. Associations between the presence of TBPs in ticks and self-reported complaints and symptoms were evaluated by means of a stepwise approach using a generalized linear model (GLM)., Results: Of 17 self-reported complaints and symptoms significant in the univariate analyses, 3 had a highly significant association (P < 0.01) with at least one TBP in the multivariate analysis. Self-reported Lyme borreliosis was significantly associated (P < 0.001) with B. burgdorferi (s.l.) infection. Facial paralysis was associated (P < 0.01) with infection with B. miyamotoi, N. mikurensis and R. helvetica. Finally, a significant association (P < 0.001) was found between nocturnal sweating and A. phagocytophilum., Conclusions: We found associations between the presence of TBPs in ticks feeding on humans and self-reported symptoms. Due to the subjective nature of such reports and the fact that infection was determined in the ticks and not in the patient samples, further prospective studies utilizing diagnostic modalities should be performed before any clinical outcome can be causally linked to infection with TBPs., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Are other tick-borne infections overlooked in patients investigated for Lyme neuroborreliosis? A large retrospective study from South-eastern Sweden.
- Author
-
Gyllemark P, Wilhelmsson P, Elm C, Hoornstra D, Hovius JW, Johansson M, Tjernberg I, Lindgren PE, Henningsson AJ, and Sjöwall J
- Subjects
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum isolation & purification, Animals, Borrelia isolation & purification, Borrelia burgdorferi isolation & purification, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne isolation & purification, Humans, Ixodes microbiology, Ixodes virology, Pathology, Molecular, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Retrospective Studies, Sweden, Tick-Borne Diseases blood, Tick-Borne Diseases cerebrospinal fluid, Tick-Borne Diseases diagnosis, Zoonoses complications, Zoonoses diagnosis, Borrelia Infections blood, Borrelia Infections cerebrospinal fluid, Coinfection, Lyme Neuroborreliosis blood, Lyme Neuroborreliosis cerebrospinal fluid, Lyme Neuroborreliosis diagnosis
- Abstract
In Europe, the hard tick Ixodes ricinus is considered the most important vector of human zoonotic diseases. Human pathogenic agents spread by I. ricinus in Sweden include Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia helvetica, the recently described Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Borrelia miyamotoi, tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Babesia spp. (Babesia microti, Babesia venatorum and Babesia divergens). Since these pathogens share the same vector, co-infections with more than one tick-borne pathogen may occur and thus complicate the diagnosis and clinical management of the patient due to possibly altered symptomatology. Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., TBEV and B. miyamotoi are well-known to cause infections of the central nervous system (CNS), whereas the abilities of other tick-borne pathogens to invade the CNS are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and clinical impact of tick-borne pathogens other than B. burgdorferi s.l. in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples of patients who were under investigation for Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) in a tick-endemic region of South-eastern Sweden. CSF and serum samples from 600 patients, recruited from the Regions of Östergötland County, Jönköping County and Kalmar County in South-eastern Sweden and investigated for LNB during the period of 2009-2013, were retrospectively collected for analysis. The samples were analysed by real-time PCR for the presence of nucleic acid from B. burgdorferi s.l., B. miyamotoi, A. phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., N. mikurensis, TBEV and Babesia spp. Serological analyses were conducted in CSF and serum samples for all patients regarding B. burgdorferi s.l., and for the patients with CSF mononuclear pleocytosis, analyses of antibodies to B. miyamotoi, A. phagocytophilum, spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae, TBEV and B. microti in serum were performed. The medical charts of all the patients with CSF mononuclear pleocytosis and patients with positive PCR findings were reviewed. Of the 600 patients, 55 (9%) presented with CSF mononuclear pleocytosis, 13 (2%) of whom had Borrelia-specific antibodies in the CSF. One patient was PCR-positive for N. mikurensis, and another one was PCR-positive for Borrelia spp. in serum. No pathogens were detected by PCR in the CSF samples. Four patients had serum antibodies to B. miyamotoi, four patients to A. phagocytophilum, five patients to SFG rickettsiae, and six patients to TBEV. One patient, with antibodies to SFG rickettsiae, had both clinical and laboratory signs suggestive of a current infection. Nine patients had serum antibodies to more than one pathogen, although none of these was assessed as a current co-infection. We can conclude from this study that tick-borne co-infections are uncommon in patients who are being investigated for suspected LNB in South-eastern Sweden, an area endemic for borreliosis and TBE., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A human secretome library screen reveals a role for Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 in Lyme borreliosis.
- Author
-
Gupta A, Arora G, Rosen CE, Kloos Z, Cao Y, Cerny J, Sajid A, Hoornstra D, Golovchenko M, Rudenko N, Munderloh U, Hovius JW, Booth CJ, Jacobs-Wagner C, Palm NW, Ring AM, and Fikrig E
- Subjects
- Animals, Cytokines genetics, Gene Library, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Borrelia burgdorferi physiology, Cytokines metabolism, Lyme Disease microbiology
- Abstract
Lyme disease, the most common vector-borne illness in North America, is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection begins in the skin following a tick bite and can spread to the hearts, joints, nervous system, and other organs. Diverse host responses influence the level of B. burgdorferi infection in mice and humans. Using a systems biology approach, we examined potential molecular interactions between human extracellular and secreted proteins and B. burgdorferi. A yeast display library expressing 1031 human extracellular proteins was probed against 36 isolates of B. burgdorferi sensu lato. We found that human Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 (PGLYRP1) interacted with the vast majority of B. burgdorferi isolates. In subsequent experiments, we demonstrated that recombinant PGLYRP1 interacts with purified B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan and exhibits borreliacidal activity, suggesting that vertebrate hosts may use PGLYRP1 to identify B. burgdorferi. We examined B. burgdorferi infection in mice lacking PGLYRP1 and observed an increased spirochete burden in the heart and joints, along with splenomegaly. Mice lacking PGLYRP1 also showed signs of immune dysregulation, including lower serum IgG levels and higher levels of IFNγ, CXCL9, and CXCL10.Taken together, our findings suggest that PGLYRP1 plays a role in the host's response to B. burgdorferi and further demonstrate the utility of expansive yeast display screening in capturing biologically relevant interactions between spirochetes and their hosts., Competing Interests: No authors have competing interests.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Evaluation of Disease Causality of Rare Ixodes ricinus -Borne Infections in Europe.
- Author
-
Azagi T, Hoornstra D, Kremer K, Hovius JWR, and Sprong H
- Abstract
In Europe, Ixodes ricinus ticks transmit pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). In addition, there is evidence for transmission to humans from I. ricinus of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia divergens , Babesia microti, Babesia venatorum , Borrelia miyamotoi , Neoehrlichia mikurensis , Rickettsia helvetica and Rickettsia monacensis . However, whether infection with these potential tick-borne pathogens results in human disease has not been fully demonstrated for all of these tick-borne microorganisms. To evaluate the available evidence for a causative relation between infection and disease, the current study analyses European case reports published from 2008 to 2018, supplemented with information derived from epidemiological and experimental studies. The evidence for human disease causality in Europe found in this review appeared to be strongest for A . phagocytophilum and B. divergens . Nonetheless, some knowledge gaps still exist. Importantly, comprehensive evidence for pathogenicity is lacking for the remaining tick-borne microorganisms. Such evidence could be gathered best through prospective studies, for example, studies enrolling patients with a fever after a tick bite, the development of specific new serological tools, isolation of these microorganisms from ticks and patients and propagation in vitro, and through experimental studies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Borrelia miyamotoi Activates Human Dendritic Cells and Elicits T Cell Responses.
- Author
-
Mason LMK, Koetsveld J, Trentelman JJA, Kaptein TM, Hoornstra D, Wagemakers A, Fikrig MM, Ersoz JI, Oei A, Geijtenbeek TBH, and Hovius JWR
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Cytokines metabolism, Humans, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Lymphocyte Activation, Phagocytosis, Ticks microbiology, Toll-Like Receptor 2 metabolism, Borrelia physiology, Dendritic Cells immunology, Insect Bites and Stings immunology, Relapsing Fever immunology, Skin pathology, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Ticks immunology
- Abstract
The spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi has recently been shown to cause relapsing fever. Like the Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, B. miyamotoi is transmitted through the bite of infected ticks; however, little is known about the response of the immune system upon infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the early immune response against B. burgdorferi We investigated the response of DCs to two different strains of B. miyamotoi using in vitro and ex vivo models and compared this to the response elicited by B. burgdorferi. Our findings show that B. miyamotoi is phagocytosed by monocyte-derived DCs, causing upregulation of activation markers and production of proinflammatory cytokines in a similar manner to B. burgdorferi. Recognition of B. miyamotoi was demonstrated to be partially mediated by TLR2. DCs migrated out of human skin explants upon inoculation of the skin with B. miyamotoi. Finally, we showed that B. miyamotoi -stimulated DCs induced proliferation of naive CD4
+ and CD8+ T cells to a larger extent than B. burgdorferi. In conclusion, we show in this study that DCs respond to and mount an immune response against B. miyamotoi that is similar to the response to B. burgdorferi and is able to induce T cell proliferation., (Copyright © 2020 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Two Western European Borrelia miyamotoi Isolates.
- Author
-
Kuleshov KV, Hoornstra D, Sprong H, Platonov AE, and Hovius JW
- Abstract
We report the draft whole-genome sequences of two Borrelia miyamotoi strains isolated in The Netherlands. Using next-generation sequencing, we determined the complete sequence of the chromosomes and several plasmids. The two strains show a genotype typical of European strains, distinct from the genomes of strains from Asia or the United States., (Copyright © 2019 Kuleshov et al.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Two Cases of Borrelia miyamotoi Meningitis, Sweden, 2018.
- Author
-
Henningsson AJ, Asgeirsson H, Hammas B, Karlsson E, Parke Å, Hoornstra D, Wilhelmsson P, and Hovius JW
- Subjects
- Aged, Borrelia Infections cerebrospinal fluid, Borrelia Infections microbiology, Female, Humans, Meningitis, Bacterial cerebrospinal fluid, Meningitis, Bacterial microbiology, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Serologic Tests methods, Sweden, Borrelia genetics, Borrelia Infections epidemiology, Meningitis, Bacterial epidemiology
- Abstract
We report 2 human cases of Borrelia miyamotoi disease diagnosed in Sweden, including 1 case of meningitis in an apparently immunocompetent patient. The diagnoses were confirmed by 3 different independent PCR assays and DNA sequencing from cerebrospinal fluid, supplemented by serologic analyses.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Fermented Lingonberry Juice Inhibits Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invasion In Vitro Similarly to Curcumin.
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Vesterlin J, Pärnänen P, Al-Samadi A, Zlotogorski-Hurvitz A, Vered M, and Salo T
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic chemistry, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Mouth Neoplasms, Plant Extracts chemistry, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Curcumin pharmacology, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Vaccinium vitis-idaea chemistry
- Abstract
Background: Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) cells are highly proliferative and invasive. Lingonberry contains several polyphenolic compounds similar to curcumin. We hypothesize that fermented lingonberry juice (FLJ) has an anti-invasive and anti-proliferative effect on OTSCC cells similarly to curcumin, which is known to be anti-carcinogenic., Materials and Methods: FLJ, curcumin dissolved in ethanol, or curcumin loaded in Candida extracellular vesicles (EVs) were added to more (HSC-3) and less aggressive (SCC-25) OTSCC cells. Cell proliferation was measured with a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine kit and invasion in the three-dimensional Myogel spheroid assay. Statistical analyses were completed with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc testing., Results: Both FLJ and curcumin significantly reduced the proliferation and invasion of HSC-3 and SCC-25 cells. The effects of curcumin were not improved when cells were treated with curcumin loaded within EVs., Conclusion: Our results suggest that FLJ, like curcumin, has an anti-carcinogenic effect on aggressive OTSCC cells in vitro., (Copyright© 2018, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Borrelia miyamotoi Disease in an Immunocompetent Patient, Western Europe.
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Koetsveld J, Sprong H, Platonov AE, and Hovius JW
- Subjects
- Aged, Animals, Borrelia immunology, Diagnosis, Differential, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Humans, Immunocompetence, Ixodes, Netherlands, Relapsing Fever microbiology, Borrelia isolation & purification, Relapsing Fever diagnosis, Tick Bites
- Abstract
Borrelia miyamotoi disease is a hard tick-borne relapsing fever illness that occurs across the temperate climate zone. Human B. miyamotoi disease in immunocompetent patients has been described in Russia, North America, and Japan. We describe a case of B. miyamotoi disease in an immunocompetent patient in western Europe.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Borrelia miyamotoi.
- Author
-
Koetsveld J, Manger A, Hoornstra D, Draga RO, Oei A, Kolyasnikova NM, Toporkova MG, Sarksyan DS, Wagemakers A, Platonov AE, and Hovius JW
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Ixodes microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Relapsing Fever drug therapy, Relapsing Fever microbiology, Amoxicillin pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Azithromycin pharmacology, Borrelia drug effects, Borrelia isolation & purification, Ceftriaxone pharmacology, Doxycycline pharmacology
- Abstract
Borrelia miyamotoi is an emerging relapsing fever (RF) Borrelia species that is reported to cause human disease in regions in which Lyme borreliosis is endemic. We recently showed that B. miyamotoi tick isolates are resistant to amoxicillin in vitro ; however, clinical isolates have not been studied. Therefore, our aim was to show the antimicrobial susceptibility of recently obtained clinical isolates of B. miyamotoi A dilution series of various antibiotics was made in modified Kelly-Pettenkofer medium with 10% fetal calf serum. The susceptibilities of different B. miyamotoi clinical, B. miyamotoi tick, RF Borrelia , and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates were tested by measuring MICs through colorimetric changes and by counting motile spirochetes by dark-field microscopy after 72 h of incubation. The ceftriaxone and azithromycin MIC ranges of the six B. miyamotoi clinical isolates tested were 0.03 to 0.06 mg/liter and 0.0016 to 0.0032 mg/liter, respectively. These values are similar to MICs for RF Borrelia strains and B. miyamotoi tick isolates. All tested RF Borrelia strains were susceptible to doxycycline (microscopic MIC range, 0.0625 to 0.25 mg/liter). In contrast to the MICs of the tested B. burgdorferi sensu lato strains and in line with our previous findings, the amoxicillin MICs (range, 8 to 32 mg/liter) of all RF Borrelia strains, including B. miyamotoi clinical isolates, were above the clinical breakpoint for resistance (≤4 mg/liter). Clinical isolates of B. miyamotoi are highly susceptible to doxycycline, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone in vitro Interestingly, as described previously for tick isolates, amoxicillin shows poor in vitro activity against B. miyamotoi clinical isolates., (Copyright © 2018 American Society for Microbiology.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Control of Lyme borreliosis and other Ixodes ricinus-borne diseases.
- Author
-
Sprong H, Azagi T, Hoornstra D, Nijhof AM, Knorr S, Baarsma ME, and Hovius JW
- Subjects
- Animals, Communicable Disease Control economics, Communicable Disease Control legislation & jurisprudence, Cost of Illness, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne economics, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne epidemiology, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne transmission, Humans, Lyme Disease economics, Lyme Disease parasitology, Lyme Disease transmission, Communicable Disease Control methods, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne prevention & control, Ixodes parasitology, Lyme Disease prevention & control
- Abstract
Lyme borreliosis (LB) and other Ixodes ricinus-borne diseases (TBDs) are diseases that emerge from interactions of humans and domestic animals with infected ticks in nature. Nature, environmental and health policies at (inter)national and local levels affect the risk, disease burden and costs of TBDs. Knowledge on ticks, their pathogens and the diseases they cause have been increasing, and resulted in the discovery of a diversity of control options, which often are not highly effective on their own. Control strategies involving concerted actions from human and animal health sectors as well as from nature managers have not been formulated, let alone implemented. Control of TBDs asks for a "health in all policies" approach, both at the (inter)national level, but also at local levels. For example, wildlife protection and creating urban green spaces are important for animal and human well-being, but may increase the risk of TBDs. In contrast, culling or fencing out deer decreases the risk for TBDs under specific conditions, but may have adverse effects on biodiversity or may be societally unacceptable. Therefore, in the end, nature and health workers together must carry out tailor-made control options for the control of TBDs for humans and animals, with minimal effects on the environment. In that regard, multidisciplinary approaches in environmental, but also medical settings are needed. To facilitate this, communication and collaboration between experts from different fields, which may include patient representatives, should be promoted.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Potato crop as a source of emetic Bacillus cereus and cereulide-induced mammalian cell toxicity.
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Andersson MA, Teplova VV, Mikkola R, Uotila LM, Andersson LC, Roivainen M, Gahmberg CG, and Salkinoja-Salonen MS
- Subjects
- Animals, Depsipeptides toxicity, Emetics toxicity, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Humans, Insulin-Secreting Cells drug effects, Keratinocytes drug effects, Kidney Tubules cytology, Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects, Male, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial drug effects, Solanum tuberosum growth & development, Spermatozoa drug effects, Swine, Time Factors, Toxicity Tests, Bacillus cereus chemistry, Depsipeptides metabolism, Emetics metabolism, Solanum tuberosum microbiology
- Abstract
Bacillus cereus, aseptically isolated from potato tubers, were screened for cereulide production and for toxicity on human and other mammalian cells. The cereulide-producing isolates grew slowly, the colonies remained small (~1 mm), tested negative for starch hydrolysis, and varied in productivity from 1 to 100 ng of cereulide mg (wet weight)(-1) (~0.01 to 1 ng per 10(5) CFU). By DNA-fingerprint analysis, the isolates matched B. cereus F5881/94, connected to human food-borne illness, but were distinct from cereulide-producing endophytes of spruce tree (Picea abies). Exposure to cell extracts (1 to 10 μg of bacterial biomass ml(-1)) and to purified cereulide (0.4 to 7 ng ml(-1)) from the potato isolates caused mitochondrial depolarization (loss of ΔΨm) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and keratinocytes (HaCaT), porcine spermatozoa and kidney tubular epithelial cells (PK-15), murine fibroblasts (L-929), and pancreatic insulin-producing cells (MIN-6). Cereulide (10 to 20 ng ml(-1)) exposed pancreatic islets (MIN-6) disintegrated into small pyknotic cells, followed by necrotic death. Necrotic death in other test cells was observed only after a 2-log-higher exposure. Exposure to 30 to 60 ng of cereulide ml(-1) induced K(+) translocation in intact, live PBMC, keratinocytes, and sperm cells within seconds of exposure, depleting 2 to 10% of the cellular K(+) stores within 10 min. The ability of cereulide to transfer K(+) ions across biological membranes may benefit the producer bacterium in K(+)-deficient environments such as extracellular spaces inside plant tissue but is a pathogenic trait when in contact with mammalian cells.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Chemical and microbiological hazards associated with recycling of anaerobic digested residue intended for agricultural use.
- Author
-
Govasmark E, Stäb J, Holen B, Hoornstra D, Nesbakk T, and Salkinoja-Salonen M
- Subjects
- Bacillus cereus metabolism, Escherichia coli metabolism, Metals, Heavy analysis, Norway, Pesticides analysis, Seasons, Agriculture methods, Biofuels analysis, Hazardous Waste analysis, Recycling methods
- Abstract
In the present study, three full-scale biogas plants (BGP) were investigated for the concentration of heavy metals, organic pollutants, pesticides and the pathogenic bacteria Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli in the anaerobically digested residues (ADR). The BGPs mainly utilize source-separated organic wastes and industrial food waste as energy sources and separate the ADR into an ADR-liquid and an ADR-solid fraction by centrifugation at the BGP. According to the Norwegian standard for organic fertilizers, the ADR were classified as quality 1 mainly because of high zinc (132-422 mg kg(-1) DM) and copper (23-93 mg kg(-1) DM) concentrations, but also because of high cadmium (0.21-0.60 mg kg(-1) DM) concentrations in the liquid-ADR. In the screening of organic pollutants, only DEHP (9.7-62.1 mg kg(-1)) and ∑ PAH 16 (0.2-1.98 mg kg(-1) DM) were detected in high concentrations according to international regulations. Of the 250 pesticides analyzed, 11 were detected, but only imazalil (<0.30-5.77 mg kg(-1) DM) and thiabendazol (<0.14-0.73 mg kg(-1) DM) were frequently detected in the ADR-fiber. Concentrations of imazalil and thiabendazol were highest during the winter months, due to a high consumption of citrus fruits in Norway in this period. Ten percent of the ADR-liquid samples contained cereulide-producing B. cereus, whereas no verotoxigenic E. coli was detected. The authors conclude that the risk of chemical and bacterial contamination of the food chain or the environment from agricultural use of ADR seems low., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Biofilm-forming bacteria with varying tolerance to peracetic acid from a paper machine.
- Author
-
Rasimus S, Kolari M, Rita H, Hoornstra D, and Salkinoja-Salonen M
- Subjects
- Bacteria classification, Bacteria drug effects, Bacteria isolation & purification, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Biofilms growth & development, Paper, Sphingomonas isolation & purification, Biofilms drug effects, Disinfectants pharmacology, Peracetic Acid pharmacology, Sphingomonas drug effects, Sphingomonas physiology
- Abstract
Biofilms cause runnability problems in paper machines and are therefore controlled with biocides. Peracetic acid is usually effective in preventing bulky biofilms. This study investigated the microbiological status of a paper machine where low concentrations (≤ 15 ppm active ingredient) of peracetic acid had been used for several years. The paper machine contained a low amount of biofilms. Biofilm-forming bacteria from this environment were isolated and characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whole-cell fatty acid analysis, biochemical tests, and DNA fingerprinting. Seventy-five percent of the isolates were identified as members of the subclades Sphingomonas trueperi and S. aquatilis, and the others as species of the genera Burkholderia (B. cepacia complex), Methylobacterium, and Rhizobium. Although the isolation media were suitable for the common paper machine biofoulers Deinococcus, Meiothermus, and Pseudoxanthomonas, none of these were found, indicating that peracetic acid had prevented their growth. Spontaneous, irreversible loss of the ability to form biofilm was observed during subculturing of certain isolates of the subclade S. trueperi. The Sphingomonas isolates formed monoculture biofilms that tolerated peracetic acid at concentrations (10 ppm active ingredient) used for antifouling in paper machines. High pH and low conductivity of the process waters favored the peracetic acid tolerance of Sphingomonas sp. biofilms. This appears to be the first report on sphingomonads as biofilm formers in warm water using industries.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. In vitro toxicity of cereulide on porcine pancreatic Langerhans islets.
- Author
-
Virtanen SM, Roivainen M, Andersson MA, Ylipaasto P, Hoornstra D, Mikkola R, and Salkinoja-Salonen MS
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Death drug effects, Cell Death physiology, Cell Survival drug effects, Cell Survival physiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Foodborne Diseases, Insulin metabolism, Swine, Time Factors, Toxicity Tests, Bacillus cereus, Bacterial Toxins analysis, Bacterial Toxins toxicity, Depsipeptides analysis, Depsipeptides toxicity, Diarrhea microbiology, Islets of Langerhans cytology, Islets of Langerhans embryology, Islets of Langerhans metabolism, Pancreas cytology, Pancreas embryology, Pancreas metabolism
- Abstract
Cereulide is a K(+) ionophore cytotoxic and mitochondriotoxic to primary cells and cell lines of human and other mammalian origins. It is a heat-stable, highly lipophilic (logK(ow) 5.96) peptide (1152 g mol(-1)) produced by certain strains of Bacillus cereus, a bacterium connected to emetic food poisonings. In this study the pancreatic toxicity of purified cereulide, and cereulide-containing bacterial extracts, was studied using fetal porcine Langerhans islets in culture. Exposure to 1ngml(-1) of purified cereulide caused necrotic cell death of the islet cells impairing their insulin content within 2 days. Cell extracts of cereulide-positive B. cereus strains connected to food poisoning or isolated from foodstuffs were toxic, corresponding to their measured cereulide content. Extracts of B. cereus strains producing or not producing the B. cereus diarrheal toxin, but no cereulide, were tolerated by the porcine islet cultures up to concentrations 1000-fold higher compared to extracts from strains containing cereulide, and up to exposure times of 7d. Cereulide thus was identified as the B. cereus-produced substance toxic towards porcine fetal Langerhans islets and beta cells.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Toxicological profile of cereulide, the Bacillus cereus emetic toxin, in functional assays with human, animal and bacterial cells.
- Author
-
Andersson MA, Hakulinen P, Honkalampi-Hämäläinen U, Hoornstra D, Lhuguenot JC, Mäki-Paakkanen J, Savolainen M, Severin I, Stammati AL, Turco L, Weber A, von Wright A, Zucco F, and Salkinoja-Salonen M
- Subjects
- Aliivibrio fischeri drug effects, Aliivibrio fischeri metabolism, Animals, Biological Assay, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Hepatocytes enzymology, Hepatocytes pathology, Humans, Luminescence, Male, Mice, Mutagenicity Tests, RNA, Neoplasm biosynthesis, RNA, Neoplasm drug effects, Swine, Bacillus cereus metabolism, Bacterial Toxins toxicity, Depsipeptides toxicity, Hepatocytes drug effects, Sperm Motility drug effects, Spermatozoa drug effects
- Abstract
Some strains of the endospore-forming bacterium Bacillus cereus produce a heat-stable ionophoric peptide, cereulide, of high human toxicity. We assessed cell toxicity of cereulide by measuring the toxicities of crude extracts of cereulide producing and non-producing strains of B. cereus, and of pure cereulide, using cells of human, animal and bacterial origins. Hepatic cell lines and boar sperm, with cytotoxicity and sperm motility, respectively, as the end points, were inhibited by 1 nM of cereulide present as B. cereus extract. RNA synthesis and cell proliferation in HepG2 cells was inhibited by 2 nM of cereulide. These toxic effects were explainable by the action of cereulide as a high-affinity mobile K+ carrier. Exposure to cereulide containing extracts of B. cereus caused neither activation of CYP1A1 nor genotoxicity (comet assay, micronucleus test) at concentrations below those that were cytotoxic (0.6 nM cereulide). Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation (Ames) test was negative. Exposure of Vibrio fischeri to extracts of B. cereus caused stimulated luminescence up to 600%, independent on the presence of cereulide, but purified cereulide inhibited the luminescence with an IC(50% (30 min)) of 170 nM. Thus the luminescence-stimulating B. cereus substance(s) masked the toxicity of cereulide in B. cereus extracts to V. fischeri.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Rubellimicrobium thermophilum gen. nov., sp. nov., a red-pigmented, moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from coloured slime deposits in paper machines.
- Author
-
Denner EBM, Kolari M, Hoornstra D, Tsitko I, Kämpfer P, Busse HJ, and Salkinoja-Salonen M
- Subjects
- DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Bacterial isolation & purification, Fatty Acids analysis, Industry, Microscopy, Electron, Molecular Sequence Data, Myxococcales genetics, Myxococcales growth & development, Myxococcales isolation & purification, Paper, Phylogeny, Rhodobacteraceae genetics, Rhodobacteraceae isolation & purification, Rhodobacteraceae ultrastructure, Myxococcales classification, Rhodobacteraceae classification
- Abstract
Six red-pigmented strains of the Alphaproteobacteria with optimal growth between 45 and 54 degrees C were previously isolated from coloured biofilms in two fine-paper machines and one pulp dryer. The strains were found to be resistant to 15 p.p.m. 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, a common industrial biocide. 16S RNA gene sequence similarity of the isolates was 99.7-100 %. Ribotyping using the restriction enzymes PvuII and EcoRI showed that four of the isolates (C-lvk-R2A-1, C-lvk-R2A-2(T), C-R2A-52d and C-R2A-5d) belong to a single species. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that, together with Rhodobacter blasticus ATCC 33485(T), the isolates form a deep line of descent (94.7-94.9 % sequence similarity) within the family Rhodobacteraceae loosely affiliated with the Rhodobacter/Paracoccus clade. The isolates were strictly aerobic and oxidase-positive (catalase was weakly positive) and utilized a wide range of substrates including pentoses, hexoses, oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols. The predominant constituents in their cellular fatty acid profiles were C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c (39-44 %), C(18 : 0) (21-24 %) and C(16 : 0) (21-23 %). Fatty acids present in smaller amounts included C(18 : 1)omega7c, C(10 : 0) 3-OH, C(18 : 1)omega7c 11-methyl, C(20 : 2)omega6,9c and C(17 : 0) cyclo, amongst others. Polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and an unidentified aminolipid, but not phosphatidylethanolamine. Carotenoid pigments were synthesized but bacteriochlorophyll a was not. The polyamine patterns consisted of the major compounds putrescine, spermidine and sym-homospermidine. The major respiratory lipoquinone was ubiquinone Q-10. The DNA G+C content was 69.4-70.2 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, the biofilm isolates were classified in a new genus, Rubellimicrobium gen. nov.; four of the isolates are assigned to the type species, Rubellimicrobium thermophilum gen. nov., sp. nov. Strain C-lvk-R2A-2(T) (=CCUG 51817(T) = DSM 16684(T) = HAMBI 2421(T)) is the type strain of Rubellimicrobium thermophilum.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Mitochondrial toxicity detected in a health product with a boar spermatozoan bioassay.
- Author
-
Hoornstra D, Andersson MA, Johansson T, Pirhonen T, Hatakka M, and Salkinoja-Salonen MS
- Subjects
- Animal Testing Alternatives, Animals, Bacillus chemistry, Bacterial Toxins analysis, Bacterial Toxins toxicity, Dietary Supplements microbiology, Food, Organic toxicity, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Medicago sativa, Mice, Seaweed, Sperm Motility drug effects, Spermatozoa physiology, Spermatozoa ultrastructure, Streptomyces chemistry, Swine, Vomiting chemically induced, Dietary Supplements toxicity, Mitochondria drug effects, Spermatozoa drug effects, Toxicity Tests
- Abstract
Seaweed and organic alfalfa capsules sold as "health promoting" products had repeatedly caused emesis in a consumer. Using the boar spermatozoan bioassay, the capsule contents were found to contain a toxic substance that inhibited boar sperm motility and depolarised mitochondria at low exposure concentrations of 10 microg/ml. The capsule also contained high amounts (10(5)-10(7) cfu/g), of endospore-forming bacteria and Streptomyces-like bacteria. Bacteria from the capsule produced toxic substances when cultured in the laboratory. Three different toxic responses were provoked in the spermatozoa exposed to extracts from the Streptomyces-like isolates: a) hyperpolarisation of the plasma membrane and depolarisation of the mitochondria; b) depolarisation of mitochondria similar to that caused by the capsule content extract; and c) motility inhibition, with no observed change of any cytosolic transmembrane potential. Membrane potential changes in the sperm cells exposed to the bacterial extracts were similar to those provoked by exposure to valinomycin and bafilomycin A1, to nigericin, and to oligomycin and ionomycin, respectively. Extracts prepared from Bacillus isolated from the capsule non-specifically depolarised all the cellular transmembrane potentials. The results demonstrate the potential value of a cell toxicity assay with boar spermatozoa for detecting hazardous substances in products intended for human consumption, without whole-animal exposure or using fetal calf serum for cell cultures.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.