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Targeting dementia prevention, first trials addressing multiple modifiable risk factors showed promising results in at-risk populations. In Germany, AgeWell.de is the first large-scale initiative investigating the effectiveness of a multi-component lifestyle intervention against cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate the recruitment process and baseline characteristics of the AgeWell.de participants to gain an understanding of the at-risk population and who engages in the intervention. General practitioners across five study sites recruited participants (aged 60&ndash, 77 years, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia/CAIDE dementia risk score &ge, 9). Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with eligible participants, including neuropsychological assessments. We analyzed group differences between (1) eligible vs. non-eligible participants, (2) participants vs. non-participants, and (3) between intervention groups. Of 1176 eligible participants, 146 (12.5%) dropped out before baseline, the study population was thus 1030 individuals. Non-participants did not differ from participants in key sociodemographic factors and dementia risk. Study participants were M = 69.0 (SD = 4.9) years old, and 52.1% were women. The average Montreal Cognitive Assessment/MoCA score was 24.5 (SD = 3.1), indicating a rather mildly cognitively impaired study population, however, 39.4% scored &ge, 26, thus being cognitively unimpaired. The bandwidth of cognitive states bears the interesting potential for differential trial outcome analyses. However, trial conduction is impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring adjustments to the study protocol with yet unclear methodological consequences.

Supplemental material, Hein_et_al._Online_Suppl._Material_Table_with_quotes_end for Identifying key elements for paediatric advance care planning with parents, healthcare providers and stakeholders: A qualitative study by Kerstin Hein, Kathrin Knochel, Vedrana Zaimovic, Daniel Reimann, Anna Monz, Nari Heitkamp, Gian Domenico Borasio and Monika Führer in Palliative Medicine

International audience; The Toulmin model and the systemic functional grammar are combined to analyse logical relations and their linguistic forms in students’ written proofs for identifying obstacles and possibilities to foster the understanding of proofs. The qualitative analysis of 63 students’ products reveals a parallelism between syntactical and content-related explications and condensations. In particular, the use of conjunctions seems to support more options 1.) to make explicit logical relations between premise and warrant or conclusion, 2.) to combine several steps of a proof, and 3.) to recycle conclusions as new premises. The logical relation from the warrant to the conclusion is often only made explicit using causal prepositions as linguistic condensed forms of relations.

Supplemental material, 834225_supp_mat for Perinatal Palliative Care: A qualitative study evaluating the perspectives of pregnancy counselors by Franziska Flaig, Julia D Lotz, Kathrin Knochel, Gian Domenico Borasio, Monika Führer and Kerstin Hein in Palliative Medicine

International audience; Major obstacles for students learning formal reasoning are the lack of transparency of the logical structure of formal deductions, their theoretical status, and their verbal representation. For fostering students' learning of formal reasoning, making explicit the logical structures and unpacking their verbal representations is therefore necessary. In the design research project presented, a teaching-learning arrangement of angle theorems was designed in which given if-then-statements were to be connected with formal deductions based on the design principle of structural scaffolding. A case study of a pair of 9 th graders investigated students' pathways towards becoming aware of and using the logical structures and exemplifies the functioning of structural scaffolding.

Background: Research has shown that advance care planning concepts for adults are not directly applicable to the pediatric setting. A specific pediatric advance care planning intervention (pACP) is still missing.Aim: To develop a pACP intervention for children with life-limiting diseases.Methods: We selected bereaved parents and (health) care professionals (HCPs) by purposeful sampling and invited them to participate in a one-day transdisciplinary workshop (participatory approach). We assigned participants to one of 3 focus groups (parents, pACP-facilitation, pACP-implementation) to discuss the different perspectives and identify needs, barriers and helpful aspects of pACP. Data were analyzed by content analysis. Results: The main topics identified were 1) Timing, 2) Communication, 3) Decision making, 4) Documentation, and 5) Implementation.Some participants had difficulties to identify pACP as an explicit process separate from palliative care as a whole. Timing subtopics included parentsu2019 readiness, and wrong or missed time points. Decision-making was not restricted to the pACP conversations. Parents needed to discuss their decisions as a couple and with their significant others. They requested that pACP discussions be open and non-judgmental. Parents did not want to be urged to decide. They needed to address their fears and to focus on their childu2019s personality and quality of life. Both parents and HCPs wanted to prepare for crises. HCPs emphasized the documentation of parentsu2019 preferences of care and emergency plans. All participants perceived pACP as an iterative process that allows decisions to be adapted to the childu2019s changing condition. Coping with emotional distress and dissent between professionals and parents were perceived as challenging.Discussion: The analysis of the three focus groups allowed the identification of key elements for a specific pACP intervention. These elements will form the basis for the participative development of a specific pACP framework.