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BackgroundCervical and other vaccine-preventable HPV-associated cancers disproportionately impact Hispanic/Latinos in the USA. HPV vaccine uptake may be impacted by community agreement with common HPV vaccine misperceptions. It is unknown whether Hispanics/Latinos have a greater agreement with these misperceptions relative to non-Hispanic whites.MethodsHPV vaccine misperceptions were assessed through a 12-item Likert scale included in a population health assessment mailed to households in the southwest United States. Linear regression models assessed the association between identifying as Hispanic/Latino and summed misperception score.ResultsAmong the 407 individuals in the analytic sample, 111 (27.3%) were Hispanic/Latino and 296 (72.7%) were non-Hispanic white. On average, Hispanics/Latinos had a 3.03-point higher HPV vaccine misperception sum score relative to non-Hispanic whites, indicating greater agreement with misperceptions (95% confidence interval: 1.16-4.88; p

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) testing attitudes and beliefs, knowledge, and vaccination attitudes. Design: This study was a cross‐sectional design. Sample: This study was conducted between March 15, 2024, and June 2, 2024, through social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Telegram, by sharing on forum pages, and involved 674 women who volunteered to participate. Measurements: The research data were collected using the "health belief model scale regarding HPV infection and vaccination (HBMS‐HPVV)" and the "HPV Testing Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (HTABS)," which were developed by the researchers through a literature review. Results: The average age of the women participating in the study was 46.59 ± 11.15 years; 81.5% were married, 57.6% had no knowledge about cervical cancer, and 62.2% had no knowledge about the HPV vaccine, a protective vaccine against cervical cancer. The average scores for the subdimensions of severity, barriers, benefits, and susceptibility of the HBMS‐HPVV were 3.19 ± 0.60, 2.96 ± 1.22, 2.29 ± 1.40, and 3.92 ± 0.49, respectively. The average scores for the subdimensions of personal barriers, social norms, confidence, and worries of the HTABS were 31.14 ± 19.27, 7.57 ± 4.47, 30.03 ± 7.18, and 11.91 ± 2.52, respectively. A statistically significant positive relationship was found between all HBMS‐HPVV subdimensions and the HTABS subdimensions (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study found that as the perceived severity increases, the perceived benefits, susceptibility, and confidence increase, while the perceived barriers, personal barriers, social norms, and worries decrease. Based on these results, it is recommended that women's health nurses provide education and seminars to raise awareness about cervical cancer, early screening and diagnosis programs, and the HPV vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cervical cancer is caused by the human papillomavirus (HV), and accounts for more than 311,000 preventable deaths annually, with 85% occurring in low-and middle-income countries. Despite being preventable through screening and screening, significant barriers to implementing HPV vaccination persist in developing nations. This review study aims to identify these barriers and propose innovative, evidence-based solutions to improve vaccination rates and reduce cervical cancer mortality. Methods: A systematic review search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. Keywords related to HPV vaccination barriers and implementation strategies in developing countries were used. Relevant demonstration projects, pilot studies, and evidence-based research articles were reviewed. Results: Identifiable barriers to a successful vaccine implementation program in a developing country include vaccine costs, societal, cultural resistance, misinformation, logistical challenges in vaccine delivery, and inadequate human resources. Solutions to these barriers include a subsidized vaccine pricing, community sensitization, education and well-trained media professionals to dispel misinformation, and partnerships with both public and private sector for efficient vaccine distribution. Discussion: These findings highlight critical barriers that impede HPV vaccination efforts in developing countries and offers practical solutions to overcome these challenges. This aggregate of data can help inform future developing countries' implementation programs to further the World Health Assembly mission to vaccinate 90% of eligible girls globally by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer remains a disease burden in Asia. The Asia and Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology envisages a need to produce a set of recommendations on the implementation of human papilloma virus vaccination program for both lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs) and high‐income countries (HICs), with an attempt to harmonize the practices yet allow flexibility to cater for different cultures, religions, needs and background of individual countries/cities. International guidelines and literature were sought, and recommendations were made in seven selected areas, including (i) the target groups for vaccination, (ii) the doses of vaccination including the use of single‐dose vaccination, (iii) the types of vaccines, (iv) suggestions for special populations including those with previous HPV infection, human immunodeficiency virus carriers, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer group, (v) inter‐changeability and the need of revaccination/booster, (vi) novel technologies and vaccines, and (vii) public education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer poses a significant health burden for women worldwide, particularly in India. Despite global progress, India's mortality rate, with 79 906 deaths, remains disproportionately high at approximately 11.2 per 100 000 women compared to the global average of 7.1 per 100 000 women. India's NPCDCS and other initiatives focus on VIA screening for women aged 30–65. The National Health Policy 2017 emphasizes primary healthcare enhancement, allocating two‐thirds of the budget. Ayushman Bharat promotes universal health coverage, including Health and Wellness Centers and PM‐JAY. Initiatives like Ayushman Bharat and the National Cancer Grid offer hope for improved cancer care. Leveraging technology, strengthening infrastructure, integrating services, promoting awareness, and enhancing HPV vaccination are crucial. By addressing barriers, improving access, and fostering collaboration, the cervical cancer burden can be reduced, ensuring better health outcomes for women nationwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination is highly effective in preventing vaccine-targeted HPV infection. However, low HPV vaccination coverage in Kisumu County, Kenya, at about 10% for the first dose, highlights the critical issue of vaccine hesitancy, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Methods: This study explores the concerns, myths and barriers to HPV vaccine uptake among adolescent girls (aged 10-14) enrolled at human immune-deficiency virus comprehensive care clinics and their parents in Kisumu County. Focused group discussions were conducted with 48 participants. Results: Content analysis revealed limited knowledge about the HPV vaccine and widespread misconceptions regarding its safety and efficacy. Financial constraints, injection fears and negative clinic experiences emerged as additional barriers. Conclusion: The findings emphasise the role of effective communication strategies, including engaging parents through written materials and involving them in decision-making, to dispel myths, provide accurate information and encourage HPV vaccination. Collaborative efforts with community stakeholders are crucial to improve vaccine coverage and ultimately reduce the cervical cancer burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer experience low human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates—a crucial form of cancer prevention. Oncology provider recommendations may increase young survivors HPV vaccine intent, but HPV vaccination is not typically provided in the oncology setting. Thus, we explored the implementation barriers of providing the HPV vaccine in oncology. Methods: We interviewed oncology providers in a variety of specialty areas about their perceptions of the HPV vaccine and to explore barriers to recommending and administering the vaccine in their clinics. Interviews were audio recorded, quality checked, and thematically analyzed. Emergent themes were then mapped onto the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) Model and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Results: A total of N=24 oncology providers were interviewed. Most provided direct clinical care (87.5%) and most commonly specialized in pediatric oncology (20.8%), medical oncology (16.7%), bone marrow transplant (16.7%), and nurse coordination (16.7%). Two themes emerged within each COM-B domain. Capability: 1) educational barriers to HPV vaccination and 2) complicated post treatment HPV vaccination guidelines. Motivation: 1) perceived importance of HPV vaccine and 2) concern about blurred scope of practice. Opportunity: 1) hospital administration and time concern barriers and 2) clinical workflow integration concerns. Conclusion: Implementing HPV vaccination in the oncology setting has the potential to increase HPV vaccination rates among young survivors. Multi-level barriers to providing the HPV vaccine in the oncology setting were identified by participants. Leveraging existing implementation strategies may be an effective way to mitigate provider identified barriers and increase vaccination rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjective: To summarize the literature 1) evaluating college student knowledge and attitudes toward vaccines and 2) examining associations between vaccine uptake and school-dependent variables. Methods: We reviewed all U.S.-based English-language primary literature published between January 1, 2000 and September 20, 2022 available online in PubMed/MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases. The initial search included studies mentioning college/university, vaccine/immunization, and one of the following terms: prevention, delivery, acceptance, uptake, or policy. Study screening, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed by author pairs using Covidence, a web-based screening and data extraction tool for conducting systematic reviews. Results: Out of 58 studies, 37 (64%) used survey methodology and 5 (9%) were randomized controlled trials. Forty studies focused on HPV vaccines. Easy access to vaccines, perceived vulnerability to disease, self-efficacy, and social norms influenced vaccine decision-making. Conclusion: While studies assessing student awareness, social norms, and message framing for vaccine uptake on campuses exist, mostly for the HPV vaccine, few have evaluated college vaccine policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection significantly contributes to the global cancer burden. Understanding the factors influencing male clinical interns' willingness to promote HPV vaccination is crucial for developing effective public health strategies in China. Methods: This study employed a stratified random sampling method to select 1,980 male clinical interns from five provinces in China between January and March 2024. Data were collected on participants' demographic characteristics, HPV-related clinical experience, and knowledge. The Theory of Planned Behavior framework, encompassing attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, was used to examine factors influencing the willingness to promote the HPV vaccine. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with the willingness to promote the HPV vaccine. Results: Among the respondents, 72.29% were willing to encourage others to receive the HPV vaccine. Significant factors influencing this willingness included older age (OR = 3.065, P ≤ 0.001), higher monthly household income (OR = 1.449, P = 0.025), participation in the diagnosis and treatment of HPV-related diseases (OR = 3.458, P ≤ 0.001), positive attitude towards the vaccine (OR = 13.503, P = 0.004), and strong perceived behavioral control (OR = 2.364, P = 0.006). Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of practical experience and targeted education in promoting HPV vaccination among male clinical interns in China. Enhancing the training and education of this group is essential for improving HPV vaccine advocacy and supporting public health efforts to reduce HPV-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The current vaccine strategies to prevent cervical cancer are effective only for individuals unexposed to HPV, lacking therapeutic effects against pre-existing infections. Multiepitope vaccines, using an immunoinformatic approach, are promising against tumors and viral infections because of their high specificity, safety, and stability, as well as the cheap cost of development. Methods: This study employed computer-based immunoinformatic analysis to design therapeutic multiepitope vaccines against cervical cancer using oncoproteins E6 and E7 of HPV 16 and 18. Several immunoinformatic tools were applied to analyze potential vaccine constructs capable of stimulating immune responses against both oncoproteins. Results: The constructed vaccine exhibited antigenic, immunogenic, nonallergenic, nontoxic, stable, and soluble characteristics. Additionally, it effectively interacted with TLR2 and TLR4, showing high binding capacity. Computational analysis indicated the vaccine could induce immune responses through the elevation of cytokine levels after the third injection, antibody production, activation of memory B and T cells, and promotion of increased dendritic cell counts. Conclusion: The novel multiepitope vaccine based on E6 and E7 presented as a promising candidate for combating HPV infections and associated cervical cancer. Further in vitro and in vivo studies were essential to validate the efficacy and safety of the vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is not currently included in the national immunization program in Jordan. The rising prevalence of cervical cancer in Jordan highlights the necessity for a novel approach to boost HPV vaccination rates. Thus, the main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and potential barriers concerning HPV and HPV vaccine administration in community pharmacies. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted in Jordan between July and September 2023, involved community pharmacists. Using a convenience sampling approach, one author visited various community pharmacies to distribute and collect questionnaires. A total knowledge score, out of a possible 10 points, and a belief score out of 40 were calculated for each pharmacists. Additionally, the study examined factors that may influence participants' knowledge and belief levels. Results A total of 302 community pharmacists took part in the survey, with approximately two-thirds of the participants being female (n = 230, 76.2%). The average knowledge score about HPV was 2.7 out of 10 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.8), and linear regression analysis indicated no significant relationship between pharmacists' knowledge about HPV and the factors studied, such as age, gender, area of pharmacy, and the acquired degree. In terms of beliefs, findings revealed that 63.2% supported an expanded role for community pharmacists in HPV vaccination. Three main barriers were identified: lack of parental knowledge (n = 218, 72.2%), insufficient educational materials for parents (n = 206, 68.2%), and inadequate provider knowledge (n = 201, 66.6%). Conclusions In summary, this study provides valuable insights into the knowledge, beliefs, and challenges surrounding HPV and HPV vaccination among community pharmacists in Jordan. To enhance the involvement of community pharmacists in promoting HPV vaccination and aiding in the prevention of HPV-related illnesses, it is crucial to address the identified knowledge gaps and obstacles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mothers' intentions regarding the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of their daughters are crucial, especially in societies that prioritize cultural and religious values. This study aimed to encourage mothers to vaccinate their daughters against HPV by enhancing their perceptions of the vaccine's benefits, susceptibility, severity, and knowledge levels, while reducing their barriers through web-based interventions and Health Belief Model-based motivational interviews. The study was designed as a pre-mid-post test randomized controlled experimental study. The sample included 63 mothers of female high school students (31 in the experimental group, 32 in the control group). Data were collected using a "Demographical and Descriptive Characteristics Information Form", "Health Belief Model Scale for Human Papillomavirus and Its Vaccination" and "Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Scale". Mothers in the experimental group received three HBM-based motivational interviews, web support, and follow-up. ClinicalTrials.gov code is NCT04992741. Following the interventions, the experimental group exhibited higher levels of knowledge, benefit, susceptibility, and severity perception of HPV vaccination, and lower perceptions of barriers compared to the control group. At the end of the study, 24 mothers from the experimental group and 5 mothers from the control group decided to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Motivational interviews, along with web support and monitoring, significantly enhanced mothers' knowledge and beliefs. This study provides evidence for the applicability of theory-based motivational interviewing in the acceptance of HPV vaccine by mothers. It enables the dissemination of HPV vaccination and encourages community health nurses to use theory-based motivational interviewing to recommend HPV vaccination. • Motivational interviews based on the Health Belief Model. • Increases mothers' level of knowledge about HPV vaccine. • Increases mothers' perception of the benefit, sensitivity and seriousness of HPV vaccination and decreases their perception of barriers. • Increases the number of mothers who decide to have their daughters vaccinated against HPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precise vaccination data is essential to accurately estimate the effectiveness of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against HPV‐related cancers. In Japan, the number of subsidized HPV vaccinations can be tracked through registries, but the number of self‐funded vaccinations has not been tracked. The number of individuals who chose to receive the vaccine at their own expense, despite being ineligible for public subsidies due to their age, is unknown and has been nominally considered to be zero. Our aim is to produce a more accurate estimate of this number using recently released proprietary data. First, we estimated the total number of self‐funded HPV vaccinations occurring from 2010 to 2012 using public data from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and our previously reported data on the number of HPV vaccinations eligible for public subsidy. Second, using proprietary data from the vaccine manufacturer, we calculated the distribution of self‐funded vaccination shots by age. Finally, we combined these data to estimate the number of self‐funded HPV vaccinations by birth fiscal year (FY) relative to a yearly reference population. We found that 78,264 individuals born in FY1993 and 58,190 born in FY1992 self‐funded their vaccinations, representing 13.6% and 10.0% of the reference population, respectively. Additionally, we found that 5%–10% of individuals born from FY1986 to FY1991 self‐funded their vaccinations. Our study revealed for the first time that a certain number of individuals from the "HPV unvaccinated generation," ineligible for subsidies due to age restrictions, chose to self‐fund their vaccinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In 2020, the WHO proposed the global strategic goal of accelerating the elimination of cervical cancer (CC). One of the key strategies is that, by 2030, 90% of girls will complete HPV vaccination by age 15. In 2017, HPV vaccines were first marketed in China. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the changes in parents' knowledge about CC, HPV, HPV vaccines, and acceptance of HPV vaccination 5 years after the introduction of HPV vaccines into China. Associated factors and reasons for refusal by parents were also explored. Methods: A school-based follow-up study was conducted among parents in China from May 2018 to May 2023. Comparison using Chi-square tests was performed to measure the changes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore factors associated with HPV vaccination among teenage girls. Results: The overall cognitive level in terms of CC- and HPV-related knowledge among parents increased, and they expressed more willingness to vaccinate their daughter (35.4% in 2018 vs. 56.6% in 2023). The HPV vaccination rate among teenage girls remained at a low level (4.4% in 2018, 9.8% in 2023). The main obstacles reported by parents were limited knowledge (42.0%), scarcity of the HPV vaccine (29.2%), waiting until their daughter was older (27.5%), safety concerns (14.7%), high cost (9.0%), and effectiveness concerns (4.6%). Parents who are elderly, local residents, have received HPV vaccines themselves, have had experience of vaccinating their children with influenza vaccines, and have a higher knowledge level of CC, HPV and HPV vaccines are more likely to vaccinate their children with HPV vaccines. Conclusions: Although we observed an increment in parents' knowledge level in terms of CC, HPV, HPV vaccines, and HPV vaccine uptake over the past 5 years, the HPV vaccine coverage among girls still falls short of the WHO's 2030 target. Comprehensive intervention strategies, including tailored health education among adolescents and their parents, doctor recommendations, and providing financial subsidies or free HPV vaccines are needed in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite widespread availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and recommendations for routine use, awareness and uptake of HPV vaccination are not universal. We assessed self-reported history of HPV vaccination in a sample of low-income men and women recruited from the community using respondent-driven sampling as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) survey in San Francisco. Of the 384 respondents, a minority (12.5%) reported they had received the HPV vaccine. In multivariate analysis, independent associations with HPV vaccination history were female sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.73, 8.17]), younger age (AOR = 0.89 per year, 95% CI = [0.86, 0.92]), and education above high school (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI = [1.37, 5.90]). Missed opportunities for HPV vaccination were evident in 84.4% of respondents having visited a health care provider in the last year, including 40.1% tested for a sexually transmitted infection, and entry into higher education programs (33.4%).

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection significantly contributes to the global cancer burden. Understanding the factors influencing male clinical interns’ willingness to promote HPV vaccination is crucial for developing effective public health strategies in China. Methods This study employed a stratified random sampling method to select 1,980 male clinical interns from five provinces in China between January and March 2024. Data were collected on participants’ demographic characteristics, HPV-related clinical experience, and knowledge. The Theory of Planned Behavior framework, encompassing attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, was used to examine factors influencing the willingness to promote the HPV vaccine. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with the willingness to promote the HPV vaccine. Results Among the respondents, 72.29% were willing to encourage others to receive the HPV vaccine. Significant factors influencing this willingness included older age (OR = 3.065, P ≤ 0.001), higher monthly household income (OR = 1.449, P = 0.025), participation in the diagnosis and treatment of HPV-related diseases (OR = 3.458, P ≤ 0.001), positive attitude towards the vaccine (OR = 13.503, P = 0.004), and strong perceived behavioral control (OR = 2.364, P = 0.006). Conclusion This study highlights the critical role of practical experience and targeted education in promoting HPV vaccination among male clinical interns in China. Enhancing the training and education of this group is essential for improving HPV vaccine advocacy and supporting public health efforts to reduce HPV-related diseases.

The burden of cervical cancer is disproportionately distributed globally, with the vast majority of cases occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WWH) are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer as compared to HIV-negative individuals. HPV vaccination remains a priority in regions with a high burden of cervical cancer and high HIV prevalence. With HPV vaccines becoming more accessible, optimal use beyond the initial World Health Organization-recommended target population of 9 to 14-year-old girls is an important question. In March 2022, a group of experts in epidemiology, immunology, and vaccinology convened to discuss the state-of-the-science of HPV vaccination in WWH. This report summarizes the proceedings: review of HIV epidemiology and its intersection with cervical cancer burden, immunology, HPV vaccination including reduced-dose schedules and experience with other vaccines in people with HIV (PWH), HPV vaccination strategies and knowledge gaps, and outstanding research questions. Studies of HPV vaccine effectiveness among WWH, including duration of protection, are limited. Until data from ongoing research is available, the current recommendation for WWH remains for a multi-dose HPV vaccination regimen. A focus of the discussion included the potential impact of HIV acquisition following HPV vaccination. With no data currently existing for HPV vaccines and limited information from non-HPV vaccines, this question requires further research. Implementation research on optimal HPV vaccine delivery approaches for WWH and other priority populations is also urgently needed.

Abstract Background Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is a significant public health concern in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, being widely prevalent and the main risk factor for cervical cancer. We aimed to assess knowledge and perception towards HPV, acceptability of the HPV vaccine, and HPV vaccination rates among university students in Education City, Doha, Qatar. Methods This cross-sectional survey utilized proportional quota-sampling, with quotas based on university, sex, and nationality, to recruit students from seven universities between February and September 2022. The English language questionnaire requested socio-demographic information, knowledge, and attitudes about HPV infection and the vaccine. The chi-square test, Student t-test, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests and multivariable ordinal logistic regression were used to assess differences in proportion, mean, and median according to broad HPV knowledge categories. Results Three hundred and ninety-eight students were recruited (response rate = 82.3%), of whom 251 (63.1%) were female. Mean age was 21.7 years. Eighty-nine (22.4%, 95% CI 18.4–26.8%) students had poor knowledge about HPV, 220 (55.3%, 95% CI 50.2–60.2%) students had some awareness, and 89 (22.4%, 95% CI 18.4–26.8%) students were knowledgeable. Age, nationality, and field of study influenced the students’ knowledge about HPV. Only 25 (6.3%) students had previously been vaccinated against HPV. However, 71% of the unvaccinated students reported being willing to get vaccinated if recommended by their healthcare provider. Conclusions Overall, 77.7% of the student population had some-to-good levels of knowledge about HPV-related infection, cancer, and vaccination. There are gaps in the student population’s understanding and knowledge about HPV. Increasing knowledge can be key toward shared decision-making for HPV vaccination among eligible populations. Targeted public health campaigns and integration into childhood vaccination programs should be critical first steps, especially as most of the surveyed students had a positive outlook on getting vaccinated. Healthcare professionals should be incentivized to increase their HPV knowledge and communication skills, while policymakers can work toward easing barriers in integrating HPV vaccinations in the immunization schedule and encouraging overall HPV vaccination uptake.

Abstract Background The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices issued a shared clinical decision-making (SCDM) recommendation for HPV vaccination in persons aged 27–45. Since expanded eligibility for the vaccine was issued, little information has been available about HPV vaccine behaviors and intentions among women in this age group. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among women aged 27–45 years recruited through a Qualtrics™ respondent panel (N = 324) to answer the following questions (1) What is the prevalence of HPV vaccination among a diverse sample of adult women aged 27–45 years? (2) What are the characteristics of those who have or have not previously been vaccinated? and (3) What factors are associated with the intention to obtain the HPV vaccine among those who had never been vaccinated? Multivariable logistic regression analyses estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results Only 31.1% had at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. In multivariable analyses, those more likely to have been vaccinated were younger and were more likely to believe that the vaccine was effective. Of those unvaccinated or unsure, 54.8% indicated they were likely to get vaccinated in the future. Factors associated with future vaccine intention (compared to those not intending) included beliefs about vaccine testing, perceived likelihood of HPV infection, greater comfort in asking one’s provider for vaccination, and prior negative healthcare experiences. Conclusions Our findings suggest that many women in this age group are interested in HPV vaccination. While the recommendation is for SCDM rather than routine vaccination for all women in this age group, efforts to promote informed decision-making among mid-adult women may include educating women about the rigorous vaccine testing and approval process, their risk factors for HPV infection, and encouraging them to engage in SCDM with their medical providers. Targeted efforts to reach women who have had negative experiences with healthcare may also be needed.

Abstract Objective To analyse the influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy on HPV vaccination willingness of female college students in order to promote the promotion of HPV vaccine in female college student population. Methods From September-October 2022, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among freshman female students from four higher vocational colleges in Henan Province, China. The survey comprised a general information questionnaire, as well as inquiries regarding vaccine hesitancy and willingness to receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. In PSM analyses, vaccine-hesitant students were matched with non-vaccine-hesitant students at a 1:1 ratio; subsequently, both univariate and multivariatble logistic regression analyses were applied to assess the impact of vaccine hesitancy on female university students’ willingness to receive the HPV vaccine. Results The results revealed a vaccine hesitancy rate of 44.75% among female university students, with 82.9% expressing willingness to receive the HPV vaccine. The results of the multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated vaccine hesitancy is a risk factor for HPV vaccination intentions among female university students [OR = 4.38, 95% CI (2.74, 6.99), P

Abstract Background The current study analyzed articles shared on Facebook between 2019 and 2021 that discuss the HPV vaccine. Results address a gap in knowledge about the persuasive strategies used in HPV vaccine discourse on Facebook. Methods Using Buzzsumo.com, we collected 138 articles, shared on Facebook between 2019 and 2021, with the highest “engagement scores,” or total number of reactions, comments, and shares. Using a content analysis methodology, three independent coders were trained in using the study codebook, achieved acceptable inter-rater reliability (Krippendorf’s alpha = 0.811), and coded each article in Atlas.ti. Results Seventy-two articles had a positive valence toward the HPV vaccine, 48 had a negative valence, and 18 were mixed-valence or neutral. Pro-vaccine articles presented a variety of evidence types in support of benefits of HPV vaccination. Pro-vaccine articles primarily originated from national and local news sources. Anti-vaccine articles combined presentation of evidence with persuasive arguments and strategies, such as mistrust of institutions, fear appeals, ideological appeals, presenting a high number of arguments or detail, and minimizing the severity of HPV. Three sources were responsible for producing 62.5% of all anti-vaccine articles in the dataset. Mixed-valence or neutral articles mixed cancer prevention discourse with ideological appeals about protecting parental rights, and were mostly produced by local news outlets. Conclusion The results of this study can help health communicators anticipate the types of discourses that vaccine-hesitant parents may have encountered online. Implications and suggestions for practice are discussed.

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is a significant public health concern in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, being widely prevalent and the main risk factor for cervical cancer. We aimed to assess knowledge and perception towards HPV, acceptability of the HPV vaccine, and HPV vaccination rates among university students in Education City, Doha, Qatar. Methods: This cross-sectional survey utilized proportional quota-sampling, with quotas based on university, sex, and nationality, to recruit students from seven universities between February and September 2022. The English language questionnaire requested socio-demographic information, knowledge, and attitudes about HPV infection and the vaccine. The chi-square test, Student t-test, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests and multivariable ordinal logistic regression were used to assess differences in proportion, mean, and median according to broad HPV knowledge categories. Results: Three hundred and ninety-eight students were recruited (response rate = 82.3%), of whom 251 (63.1%) were female. Mean age was 21.7 years. Eighty-nine (22.4%, 95% CI 18.4–26.8%) students had poor knowledge about HPV, 220 (55.3%, 95% CI 50.2–60.2%) students had some awareness, and 89 (22.4%, 95% CI 18.4–26.8%) students were knowledgeable. Age, nationality, and field of study influenced the students' knowledge about HPV. Only 25 (6.3%) students had previously been vaccinated against HPV. However, 71% of the unvaccinated students reported being willing to get vaccinated if recommended by their healthcare provider. Conclusions: Overall, 77.7% of the student population had some-to-good levels of knowledge about HPV-related infection, cancer, and vaccination. There are gaps in the student population's understanding and knowledge about HPV. Increasing knowledge can be key toward shared decision-making for HPV vaccination among eligible populations. Targeted public health campaigns and integration into childhood vaccination programs should be critical first steps, especially as most of the surveyed students had a positive outlook on getting vaccinated. Healthcare professionals should be incentivized to increase their HPV knowledge and communication skills, while policymakers can work toward easing barriers in integrating HPV vaccinations in the immunization schedule and encouraging overall HPV vaccination uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Playful immunization promotion helps to approach persuasive efforts and raise vaccine acceptance. However, playful promotion in the field of HPV immunization has not been explored. (2) Methods: To address this gap, we analyzed data gleaned from 73 short videos posted by state media and from semi-structured interviews with 37 Chinese stakeholders using thematic analysis. (3) Results: The analysis revealed that state media promoted HPV immunization using celebrity endorsement, anthropomorphism techniques and entertainment performance strategies. Additionally, state media engaged in circle mobilization and livestreamed on Douyin to reach wider audiences. Although playful strategies increased the popularity of HPV vaccine promotion, insufficient multi-stakeholder partnerships and homogeneous message delivery decreased the efficiency of HPV immunization promotion campaigns. (4) Conclusions: The strengthening of multi-stakeholder partnerships and the optimization of the public service provision of HPV vaccination are expected. Our research will not only deepen the global audience's understanding of Chinese immunization promotion campaigns, but also offer insights for implementing future global health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Human papillomavirus vaccine is effective in preventing cervical cancer and is especially recommended for girls above nine years of age. Understanding the level of awareness and attitude of the target population towards the HPV vaccine is imperative to create awareness where necessary. Aim and Objectives: To assess the baseline knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours concerning HPV vaccine among adolescent school girls in urban area, and to investigate the impact of health education on these parameters. Study design: Quasi-experimental Study setting: Secondary school in Pune city Target population: Adolescent girls Methods and Material: Calculated sample size was 200. A school was chosen randomly. All the willing female students from 8th-10th standards were enrolled. Awareness about HPV infection and vaccination, attitude and practices were assessed at the baseline and two weeks after the health education intervention, using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Results: Initially, only 2.5% had heard about the HPV vaccine and none had received it. Following health education, the proportion of students who correctly answered the questions regarding the HPV vaccine, diseases prevented and who can take the vaccine increased significantly by 94%, 71.5% and 72% respectively. Positive attitude regarding the risk of HPV infection and age for vaccination improved significantly by 78.5% and 48% respectively. Vaccine seeking behaviour improved significantly by 17.5%. Conclusions: Adolescent school girls had poor baseline knowledge and attitude regarding the HPV vaccine and health education significantly improved the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To characterize the impact of prophylactic vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) on infertile male patients with HPV semen infection. Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. First, an electronic search of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2018 to 2023 using specific keywords was conducted. Thereafter, three authors independently screened the articles and removed duplicates. Following the acquisition of the papers, a quality analysis was conducted using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Criteria. Results: A total of 41 pregnancies were reported out of which 15.3 % were in control group and 38.9 % were in the vaccinated group (p < 0.05). The clearance of HPV DNA correlated significantly with a serum HPV antibody titer of ≥ 1:125 at initial examination. Compared with individuals who tested negative for HPV, those who became seropositive at 12 (p = 0.039), 18 (p = 0.034) and 24 months (p = 0.034) had fewer multiple infections and a lower incidence of HPV infection in semen. Conclusion: Examination of the association between male fertility and HPV reveals a clear correlation between HPV infection and male infertility, specifically asthenospermia and oligoasthenospermia. Further studies are needed to fully understand the benefits of this approach in managing male infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate and compare the attitudes of parents who initiated their daughters' HPV vaccination with parents who did not. Data were collected through telephone interviews with a close-end questionnaire on parents' knowledge, attitudes towards the vaccine, and the reasons for vaccinating or not their daughters against HPV. The sample was random, stratified by geographic region and urbanization level, national, and representative of the general population of parents of girls aged 11-18 in Greece. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptives, an inferential analysis with hypothesis testing, and a logistic regression model. Overall, 996 parents were included in the analysis, 99.0% of which were women. Forty-seven percent of them initiated their daughters' HPV vaccination, with physician recommendation stated as the most important reason for this decision (50.2%). For those who had not initiated their daughters' HPV vaccination (53%), lack of information was the most important reason (25.6%). In the hypothesis testing, parents with unvaccinated daughters agreed more with the statements "I do not have enough information for the HPV vaccine to decide," and "My child is very young to be vaccinated for an STD" (P <.05), but no significant difference found for the statement "It's more possible for a vaccinated girl to begin sexual activities" (P >.05). Lack of information, young age of the daughter, and perceived effectiveness of the vaccine are the most important hesitation factors. Physician recommendation is the most important reason to initiate vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to determine nursing students' opinions about human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV vaccine. Methods: This is a qualitative focus group discussion study, in which a state university in Western Turkey, undergraduate nursing students are recruited through purposive sampling. The research data were collected on an online platform with the focus group interview method by using the Participant Information Form and Semistructured Interview Form. Results: Three main themes (HPV infection/vaccine perception, severity perception, and suggestions and requests/facilitators) and eight subthemes were developed based on the thematic analysis of the research findings. Conclusions: According to the findings, it was concluded that nursing students' opinions on HPV infection and HPV vaccine were affected by factors related to cultural, religious, and sexual behaviors. Based on study results, it is suggested to organize national cervical screening programs to increase public's knowledge and awareness on the subject in accordance with the sociocultural norms of the society with the agreement and cooperation of educated health service providers, policy makers, and educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of male nurses towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccination and to examine whether knowledge about the HPV vaccine affects attitudes and beliefs about HPV vaccines. Background: HPV is responsible for ≈5% of all cancers worldwide. Therefore, vaccination against HPV is recommended to prevent HPV infections and HPV‐related cancers in men and women. Methods: The study group included 383 male nurses who were asked to complete online questionnaires. The data were collected using the following tools: a sociodeomographical characteristics form, the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Scale (HPVKS), and The Carolina HPV Immunization Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (CHIAS). Results: It was determined that the general HPV knowledge of the male nurses participating in the study was at a moderate level, but their knowledge of HPV screening test, HPV vaccination, and current HPV vaccination programmes were at a low level. Male nurses' HPV vaccination rates were relatively low, and most of them did not intend to be vaccinated. In addition, CHIAS Attitudes and Beliefs scores of the male nurses were at an average level and HPV knowledge affected the attitudes and beliefs of the nurses. Conclusion: These results demonstrate an opportunity to improve information and awareness about HPV and vaccines by nursing education. Summary statement: What is already known about the topic? Although HPV vaccination is recommended to prevent HPV infections and HPV‐related cancers in men and women, vaccination rates are far behind the target, especially for men. What this paper adds? Findings showed that male nurses' HPV vaccination rates were relatively low.Male nurses' knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine was not sufficient.HPV knowledge affected the attitudes and beliefs of these male nurses. The implications of this paper: Nurses need to be aware of the HPV vaccine during their undergraduate education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer global burden is highly skewed towards poor countries primarily due to lack of awareness, poor screening, and low uptake of prophylactic vaccines. The purpose of our study is to educate and raise awareness among young girls and women about the importance of cervical screening and HPV vaccination. Materials and Methods: The present study, conducted from January 2023 to December 2023, focused on students, teachers, housewives, and healthcare professionals in the Jammu region to assess their awareness of cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. HPV DNA testing was carried out using the Truenat Real-Time PCR method at Swastik Diagnostic Laboratory, Jammu. Results: Knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness of the HPV virus, and the vaccination status of women were assessed in survey. In the HPV screening test, out of 2,400 women, 106 tested positive for HPV. Among these 106 women, 19% had a high viral load (Ct < 20), 11% had a low viral load (25 = Ct < 30), indicating a low relative concentration of HPV viruses, 40% had a medium viral load (20 = Ct < 25), and 30% had very low viral loads (Ct = 30). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of routine cervical screenings, such as Pap smears and HPV tests, for the early detection of cervical cancer. There is an urgent need to implement cervical cancer screening and vaccination programs in the Jammu region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School vaccination programs are crucial for achieving high immunisation coverage among adolescents, but substantial disparities exist across schools and regions. This ecological study aimed to determine associations between school characteristics and vaccination coverage for diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis (dTpa) and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines among year 7 students in southeastern Sydney. An analysis of data from 70 mainstream schools participating in the 2019 South Eastern Sydney Local Health District School Vaccination Program utilised quasi-Poisson regression models to assess associations between vaccination coverage and school attendance, socio-educational status, Aboriginal enrolments, language background other than English (LBOTE), school sector (government, Catholic, or independent), and coeducation status. Median school coverage was 88% for dTpa, 88% for HPV—girls, and 86% for HPV—boys, with interquartile ranges of 82–93%, 84–92%, and 78–91%, respectively. Higher school attendance was associated with increased dTpa vaccination coverage (PR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.27). Single-sex schools showed higher HPV vaccination coverage compared to coeducational schools for both girls (PR 2.24, 95% CI 2.04–2.46) and boys (PR 1.89, 95% CI 1.72–2.08). No significant associations were found for ICSEA, Aboriginal enrolments, LBOTE, or school sector. School attendance and coeducational status significantly influenced vaccination coverage, with differential impacts on dTpa and HPV vaccines. These findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to address disparities in school-based vaccination programs. Research using qualitative methods could be useful to understand the beliefs and attitudes contributing to these disparities in vaccine uptake so that programs can be tailored to maximise participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of cancer in women has varied effects. Overall malignancies of the breast, cervix, and ovary account for over 43% of all cancer cases in India. Globally, cervical cancer is fourth cancer in terms of incidence among women, following breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. However, this illness primarily affects women in India, where it is the second most frequent malignancy after breast cancer. HPV-related cervical cancer is a serious public health issue that has a solution. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a global initiative to eliminate cervical cancer which set targets for three important strategies: HPV vaccination, cervical cancer screening, and treatment. The WHO's "Best Buys" recommendations for cancer sub-set place vaccination of females between the ages of 9 and 14 at the top of the list. In India, efforts are underway to increase the number of teenage girls receiving the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. The nation granted licenses for bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccinations in 2008, and in 2018, a nonavalent vaccine was approved. It is important to keep in mind that the cervical carcinoma vaccination is not a quick fix; thus, screening for the disease should continue. Any nation can potentially significantly lower the incidence of cervical cancer by carefully combining economical, high-coverage vaccinations with well-organized screening programs. Since 9–14 years is the ideal age range before sexual debut in today's world, this is the key vaccine age range. Estimates of vaccine effectiveness for younger adolescents, those between the ages of 9 and 14 years, varied from roughly 74 to 93%. Let us envision an India of the future where girls grow up with one fewer cancer threatening their life and a place where cervical cancer has been eradicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Literature suggests that there is poor awareness and uptake of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in India. The role of cancer patients as potent advocates for HPV vaccine in their community is vital due to their first-hand experience with the turmoil that accompanies cancer. Hence, we have developed a study tool to measure the psychometric constructs "Awareness" of HPV vaccine among cancer patients and "Intention" to recommend the vaccine. Methods: The theoretical concepts of the Health Belief Model were applied, feedback from oncologists at Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute and public health experts at Indian Institute of Public Health to develop the study tool. A 24 items study tool was finalized following pre-testing and content validation. A sample size of 5:1 (participant:item) was considered adequate to conduct exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The pilot study tool was administered for validation to 150 cancer patients visiting the hospital during June–July 2023. The data were analysed using Jamovi (Version2.3). Results: The McDonald's omega was 0.8, which indicates good internal consistency of the data. EFA using parallel analysis with maximum likelihood extraction method and Promax oblique rotation with factor loadings above 0.4 revealed a 3-factor solution with 21 items. Factors were named "Capability", "Awareness" and "Risk perception" respectively. The correlation between "Awareness" and "Risk Perception" was 0.28; between "Capability" and "Risk perception" 0.47. "Awareness" and "Capability" had a weak negative correlation(-0.02). Conclusions: The study tool could effectively measure individual constructs of awareness and intention. Notably, our findings indicate a weak correlation between awareness and one component of intention (capability), within this population. This aspect, rigorously measured and validated by our study tool, holds significance as it implies that despite a low level of awareness in this population, they may still be considered as potentially influential advocates for the HPV vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate knowledge about HPV and its vaccine, additionally, to examine the effect of knowledge about HPV and its vaccine on perceived benefits and barriers to HPV vaccination among individuals in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed in the western region of Saudi Arabia through a self-administered web-based survey. The survey assessed knowledge, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers to HPV vaccination. Results: A total of 1149 eligible participants completed the survey. Participants exhibited limited knowledge of HPV and its vaccine, with an average total score of 4.76 out of 15. Over 80% of participants were unaware that HPV may not show symptoms, cannot lead to HIV, and is not treatable with antibiotics. Over half were unaware that HPV can cause cervical cancer, oral cancer, or genital warts. Unmarried and graduate-educated participants demonstrated greater knowledge. Perceived benefits were positively associated with knowledge levels, while perceived barriers were negatively associated with knowledge levels after controlling for other variables. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for education and healthcare efforts to raise knowledge about HPV and its vaccine in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Also, this study indicated that enhanced knowledge boosts positive attitudes towards HPV vaccination, while reducing perceived barriers, thereby increasing vaccination rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We report the evaluation of a multicomponent strategy to promote HPV vaccine in schools. • Three interventions were implemented in 32 schools and compared with 32 control schools. • Parents in pilot schools were more likely to vaccinate and less concerned about safety after. • A significant difference in HPV vaccine coverage was observed between pilot and control schools. • Our multicomponent strategy appears effective to enhance HPV acceptability and coverage. Vaccination coverage against human papillomavirus (HPV) in school-based programs in Quebec, Canada, is suboptimal despite more than a decade of introduction. Three interventions to improve HPV vaccine acceptability and coverage in school-based programs were developed, implemented as part of a multicomponent strategy and evaluated. Sixty-four (64) schools were recruited, of which 32 received the interventions (pilot schools), and 32 received usual vaccination activities (control schools). Two approaches were used to assess the impact of the interventions. Pre-post questionnaires were completed by parents in both pilot and control schools. Quantitative analyses of vaccination coverage using the Quebec immunization registry were conducted. Participating parents (n = 989 in the pre-intervention survey and n = 772 in the post-intervention one) were generally aware of HPV and HPV vaccination. Most parents were confident about vaccination, had little or no hesitation and had decided to have their child vaccinated. Parents in the pilot schools were less concerned about vaccine safety than those in the control schools after the interventions. Parents in the pilot schools were also more likely to have decided to have their child vaccinated. A statistically significant difference of 7.4 % in HPV vaccine coverage between pilot and control schools was observed (82.9 % vs 75.5 %, p <0.0001). Although school-based programs offer equitable access to vaccination and minimize access barriers, it remains crucial to identify effective interventions to improve vaccine uptake further and reach the WHO cervical cancer elimination goal. Our multicomponent strategy appears to have positively impacted HPV vaccine acceptability and coverage and could be adapted to other contexts where vaccination is delivered in school-based programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed the psychosocial influences on college males' human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine patient-provider communication and their uptake of one or more HPV vaccine doses. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with college males attending one large southwestern university. We used logistic regressions to explore the relationships between psychosocial and demographic variables on patient-provider communication and HPV vaccine uptake. Patient-provider communication had the most significant influence on HPV vaccine uptake. However, most college males reported never discussing the HPV vaccine with their healthcare providers. HPV vaccine awareness, perceived subjective norms to vaccinate, and behavioral control to talk to healthcare providers about the vaccine significantly influenced college males' patient-provider communication and vaccine uptake. HPV vaccine awareness, perceived behavioral control to communicate about the vaccine, and subjective norms to vaccinate are all addressable factors that influence HPV vaccine communication and uptake. Future intervention work should specifically target these factors for college men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Recent approaches for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis including local injection of bevacizumab and HPV vaccination show promise in reducing the need for frequent surgeries. In this study we propose a new combined approach of surgery, intralesional injection of 25 mg bevacizumab and HPV vaccine that can lead to resolution of RRP. Material and methods: Our study involved 5 patients treated with a combination of transoral microsurgery, intralesional injection of 25 mg bevacizumab, and HPV vaccination with Gardasil 9 between April 2020 and May 2023. Standard video laryngoscopy was performed to assess the presence of papilloma and Derkay score was used to assess the severity of disease. Results: All 5 patients completed the study successfully and a complete response was achieved by all. The follow-up ranged from 8 to 45 months. The mean total Derkay score before treatment was 41 (range 25 to 52) and after the combined approach was 0 both anatomically and clinically in all patients. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a combined treatment approach for RRP involving surgical intervention, intralesional injection of bevacizumab, and HPV vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: This case details adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) onset post‐human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and acute gastroenteritis. The timing of HPV vaccine and vaccine‐autoimmune disease literature may potentially confound the well‐established link between infections and AOSD onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual reality (VR) may be a viable method to observe and describe signals of implicit bias. Using the context of the human papillomavirus vaccine counseling, we sought to describe physicians' communication practices exploring differences when counseling parents with different skin colors. Physicians (N = 90) at an academic primary care center were recruited for a VR study in which they counseled dark or light-skinned parent avatars who expressed hesitation about human papillomavirus vaccination for their adolescent child. Investigators coded previously recorded simulations. Associations between communication and parent skin color were examined using t-tests and Chi-square tests. Both direct (e.g., addressing the concern immediately) and circuitous (e.g., providing alternative information) communication patterns were observed. Physicians used passive voice less commonly when counseling dark-skinned versus light-skinned avatars (p <.05). VR demonstrated feasibility in capturing clinicians' communication behaviors including measuring eight distinct indicators of implicit bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccination, uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination remains low worldwide. We aimed to analyze the coverage of HPV immunization during the first year of the immunization program and the sociodemographic characteristics across different administrative units in Serbia and Montenegro. Coverage of HPV vaccination in Serbia for females aged 9–14 and 15–19 years was 5.5% and 5.9%, respectively. The coverage rate of immunization against HPV in Montenegro for girls aged 9–14 years was 22.1%. Within Serbia, only one administrative region (Moravica) had HPV immunization coverage in girls 9–19 years old above 10%, 11 districts had coverage from 5 to 10%, while 13 districts had coverage below 5%. As per Montenegro, two administrative units, Cetinje and Berane, reported the highest coverage, with 39% and 36.4% of vaccinated eligible girls, respectively. When we explored the coverage of HPV immunization among girls aged 9–19 years across different regions in Serbia, we observed that the level of coverage did not correlate with the number of pediatricians or with the population density. In Montenegro, we observed a similar situation. On the other hand, we noticed a statistically significant moderate negative correlation (r = −0.446; p = 0.026) between HPV immunization coverage and the percentage of illiterate women in the administrative units. Comparing the coverage between the two countries we found that the higher coverage in Montenegro corresponded with a smaller number of female populations aged 9–14 years, with higher average net monthly income, with smaller population density and smaller number of pediatricians, among divorced persons, and among those without formal education or incompletely primary education. Taking into account the experiences in Montenegro, increasing immunization coverage in Serbia could be achieved through a more vigorous educational campaign targeting schools, the general population, and healthcare workers as well as by additionally incentivizing those engaged in these activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the implementation of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine school-entry requirement in Puerto Rico during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted 26 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and community-based organizations from August 2021 to March 2022. The interview guide was developed using the 2009 Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The interviews were recorded and transcribed in Spanish. Data were analyzed using applied thematic techniques. These themes included the following: (i) Intervention characteristics: Participants noted that the school-entry requirement was effective in increasing vaccination uptake prior to the pandemic. Issues with the immunization registry were noted; (ii) Outer setting: External influences, access barriers, and an increase in HPV vaccine exemptions since the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccine were discussed; (iii) Inner setting: Communication within organizations and HPV vaccination efforts improved as the pandemic progressed; (iv) Characteristics of individuals: Most agreed with the school-entry requirement, including exemptions; and (v) Process: Results showed the need to reinforce the population's education about HPV and the vaccine. Implementation of the policy was challenging during the early stages of the pandemic due to measures enacted to stop the spread of COVID-19 and focus on the COVID-19 vaccine. Efforts to increase HPV vaccine should focus on increasing HPV vaccine education and creating collaborations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Japan has a particularly critical situation surrounding its collapsed HPV vaccination program for preventing HPV‐caused cervical cancers, a problem exacerbated by the lack of a national immunization database. We have determined the year‐to‐year HPV vaccination uptake by Japanese females and analyzed by birth fiscal year (FY) the monthly number of people receiving initial HPV vaccination. Our analysis covers the period from the start of public subsidies in 2010 to September 2023, using data provided by local governments. We calculated the cumulative number of monthly immunizations for those unimmunized as of April (the beginning of each vaccination year). The monthly number of initial HPV vaccinations was highest in August for every FY from FY 2010 to FY 2023; a second vaccination peak tended to occur in March when the vaccination year ended. The highest number of August vaccinations occurred in FY 2011, followed (in order) by 2012, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2013. In Japan's ongoing catch‐up vaccination program for young women, the monthly number of vaccinations increased in August 2022 but then slowed the following year. After FY 2021, the cumulative vaccination coverage of subjects unvaccinated at the beginning of the vaccination year but subsequently covered by routine immunizations was slightly improved. FY 2021 was when the governmental recommendations for HPV vaccination were resumed. More recent vaccination rates are considerably lower than those in FY 2011–2012 when vaccinations were first fully endorsed. Paralyzing HPV vaccination hesitancy, which began in FY 2013, will linger in Japan in FY 2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HPV is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the U.S., with more than 80% of all Americans contracting it by age 45. Effective vaccines for HPV exist and were recently approved for adults aged 27–45 years, though uptake remains low in all age groups, particularly in Tennessee where 1089 cancers were attributed to HPV in 2020. Between 29 June and 17 August 2023, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to gain insights about the barriers and facilitators of HPV in 2011 adults aged 18 to 45 years in Tennessee. We developed our survey based on previous instruments to understand predictors of HPV vaccination in adults. Using descriptive statistics and bivariate and logistic regression analyses, we found higher vaccination rates in females, participants aged 18–38 years, participants with a high school education or higher, Hispanic or Latine individuals, and participants identifying as moderate or liberal. These insights highlight the need for public health interventions that consider demographic differences to successfully increase vaccination rates and reduce HPV-associated cancer risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To validate the efficacy of a virtual, interdisciplinary workshop in improving HPV knowledge, and vaccination practices among primary care and dental trainees. Methods: A virtual platform was utilized to hold HPV educational workshops with primary care and dental trainees. Online surveys were distributed before and after the 1‐h interactive workshop, led by otolaryngology residents. Surveys included the workshop's impact on (a) improving knowledge of HPV‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and (b) affecting change in HPV vaccination practices. The vaccination rates of trainees were recorded prior to and after workshop attendance. Results: After the workshop, participants demonstrated significantly improved scores related to knowledge of HPV in the head and neck (p = 0.003) and showed an increased comfort level with counseling on HPV vaccination (p = 0.002). Respondents were also more aware that the HPV vaccine is approved to prevent OPSCC (61% vs. 95%, p < 0.05). Ninety‐seven percent of respondents stated that the workshop changed their HPV vaccination practices, and 95% of those not fully vaccinated stated they would now be more likely to receive the vaccine themselves. There was a significant increase in the average number of HPV vaccines administered at the studied trainee clinic, from 16.83 vaccines/month to 37.6 vaccines/month (percent increase = 123%) in 5 months following the workshop (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The present interactive virtual workshop demonstrates efficacy in improving HPV‐related knowledge and vaccination practices among trainees. The virtual nature of the course facilitates knowledge transfer and can be used to foster multi‐institutional partnerships regarding medical education and vaccination efforts. Level of Evidence: 4 Laryngoscope, 134:3096–3101, 2024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The current study analyzed articles shared on Facebook between 2019 and 2021 that discuss the HPV vaccine. Results address a gap in knowledge about the persuasive strategies used in HPV vaccine discourse on Facebook. Methods: Using Buzzsumo.com, we collected 138 articles, shared on Facebook between 2019 and 2021, with the highest "engagement scores," or total number of reactions, comments, and shares. Using a content analysis methodology, three independent coders were trained in using the study codebook, achieved acceptable inter-rater reliability (Krippendorf's alpha = 0.811), and coded each article in Atlas.ti. Results: Seventy-two articles had a positive valence toward the HPV vaccine, 48 had a negative valence, and 18 were mixed-valence or neutral. Pro-vaccine articles presented a variety of evidence types in support of benefits of HPV vaccination. Pro-vaccine articles primarily originated from national and local news sources. Anti-vaccine articles combined presentation of evidence with persuasive arguments and strategies, such as mistrust of institutions, fear appeals, ideological appeals, presenting a high number of arguments or detail, and minimizing the severity of HPV. Three sources were responsible for producing 62.5% of all anti-vaccine articles in the dataset. Mixed-valence or neutral articles mixed cancer prevention discourse with ideological appeals about protecting parental rights, and were mostly produced by local news outlets. Conclusion: The results of this study can help health communicators anticipate the types of discourses that vaccine-hesitant parents may have encountered online. Implications and suggestions for practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer, along with other sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) conditions, poses a significant burden in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Despite the availability of effective preventive methods such as vaccinations, particularly against the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), awareness about such preventive methods and HPV vaccination remains alarmingly low in the KSA, even with governmental effort and support. While many women are aware of the risks, the uptake of the HPV vaccine remains below 10% (7.6%) at the country level. This highlights the urgent need for Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) at the community level to raise awareness, dispel misconceptions, and empower women to embrace vaccinations. Additionally, there is a need to revitalize the cancer registry system to better track and monitor cervical cancer cases. This short communication aims to map these barriers while identifying opportunities for impactful research. Drawing from the scientific literature, government reports, and expert insights, we highlight the challenges surrounding the tackling of HPV. By exploring diverse sources of knowledge, this paper not only highlights current obstacles but also proposes actionable solutions for future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The menace of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among low- and middle-income countries with no access to a free HPV vaccine is a public health concern. HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Nigeria, while the most known types of HPV genotypes being transmitted are the high-risk HPV-16 and 18 genotypes. In this study, we explored the predictors of self-reported HPV infections and HPV genital warts infection among a population of students, non-academic staff, and academic staff of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida (IBB) University located in Lapai, Nigeria. We also assessed their knowledge about HPV infections and genotypes, and sexual behaviors. An online cross-sectional study was conducted by setting up a structured questionnaire on Google Forms and it was distributed to the university community via Facebook and other social media platforms of the university. The form captured questions on HPV infection, and knowledge about HPV infection and genotypes, as well as the sexual health of the participants. All variables were described using frequencies and percentage distribution; chi-squared test statistics were used to explore the association between HPV infection (medical records of HPV infection) and the participants' profile, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with HPV genital warts infection among the population. This study reveals those participants between the ages of 26–40 years (81.3%) and those currently not in a sexually active relationship—single/divorced (26.4%)—who have self-reported having the HPV-16 and -18 genotypes. Moreover, participants between 26–40 years of age (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.22–0.89) reported themselves to be carriers of HPV genital warts. Therefore, this study reveals the factors associated with HPV infection and genital warts peculiar to IBB university students and staff. Hence, we suggest the need for HPV awareness programs and free HPV vaccine availability at IBB university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study aimed to analyze knowledge and beliefs regarding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) disease and its vaccine among the public, particularly parents of adolescents aged 9–15, who constitute the target group for the HPV vaccine, and to identify factors affecting their knowledge and beliefs. Methods In Jordan, a cross-sectional study surveyed 386 parents of 9–15-year-olds. Data were collected through surveys to assess knowledge and attitudes about HPV and the HPV vaccine. Statistical analysis using SPSS provided insights. Key findings A total of 386 individuals participated in the survey. Approximately two-thirds were female (n = 245, 63.5%), and more than half of the participants were aged above 35 (n = 224, 58%). Concerning participants' beliefs about HPV vaccines, around 19% believed that the efficacy of the HPV vaccine is unclear (n = 74, 19.2%), and only 35.5% trusted HPV vaccination (n = 137). Linear regression analysis revealed that female participants (mothers) and those with higher income (>1000 JD) tend to have better knowledge and belief scores compared to others (P < 0.05). Conclusion In summary, this study highlights the pressing need for improved HPV education campaigns in Jordan. Heightening awareness of HPV and its associated health risks is paramount. The absence of the HPV vaccine in Arab national schedules exacerbates this awareness gap. Focusing on parents of adolescents is critical for vaccination efforts, and community pharmacies may aid in expanding vaccine coverage and awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections that continue to exist are the main cause of cervical cancer (CC), two‐thirds of CC occurrences worldwide are caused by HPV 16 and HPV 18, and 99.7% of CC tumors are linked to oncogenic HPV infection. To identify challenges of CC and its prevention and treatment modalities. Methods: This review examined the epidemiology, predisposing factors, genetic factors, clinical assessment methods, current treatment options, and prevention approaches for CC. We had perform a narrative data synthesis rather than a pooled analysis. A thorough literature search in pertinent databases related to CC was done with the inclusion of data that were published in the English language. Results: Early detection of CC is of utmost importance to detect precancerous lesions at an early stage. Therefore, all responsible agencies concerned with health should make all women aware of the benefits of CC screening and educate the general public. HPV vaccination coverage is very low in resource‐limited settings. Conclusion: To achieve the goal of eliminating CC as a public health problem in 2030, the World Health Organization will pay special attention to increasing HPV vaccination coverage throughout the world. To further improve HPV vaccine acceptability among parents and their children, safety‐related aspects of the HPV vaccine should be further investigated through post‐marketing surveillance and multicentre randomized clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During acute respiratory infections, women may concurrently receive human papillomavirus (HPV) and respiratory vaccines, as observed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China. However, few studies have assessed the safety of such concurrent administration, which could impact HPV vaccination schedules. This study analyzes the safety and optimal sequence of concurrent HPV and COVID-19 vaccinations. For this purpose, we surveyed women with both vaccines from January to October 2023 in Fujian Province, China. During this process, we collected vaccination history and adverse event (AE) data via telephone or interviews. Participants were grouped as Before, Concurrent, or After based on their vaccination sequence. A Chi-squared test, exact Fisher tests, and logistic regression were used to analyze the incidence of AEs and factors influencing vaccine safety. Overall, 1416 eligible participants were included. Although overall AE risk with the HPV vaccine was unaffected by vaccination sequence, individual AEs varied statistically between groups, including pain at the vaccination site (p < 0.001) and prolonged menstruation duration (p = 0.003). Based on the results, the optimal sequence would be to receive the HPV vaccine after the COVID-19 vaccine (After group). This insight may guide future emergency vaccination sequences for HPV and other respiratory infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancies account for ~5% of human cancers worldwide. Thirteen, or more, HPV types are oncogenic, but infection with these viruses is common and usually cleared within 2 years. Only infections that become persistent are associated with the development of cancer, often occurring several decades later. These cancers mostly arise in 6 different anatomical regions: 5 are anogenital (anus, cervix, penis, vagina, and vulva) and the sixth is the oropharynx. Oncogenic HPVs promote cellular proliferation and genomic instability, but the anatomical niche of the target tissue also plays an important role in the development of cancer. Cells that reside in transitional regions between different types of epithelia, such as in the anus, cervix, and oropharynx, are particularly vulnerable to oncogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]