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Neuropathic pain (NPP) remains a clinically challenging condition, driven by the activation of spinal astrocytes and the complex release of inflammatory mediators. This study aimed to examine the roles of Rab8a and SNARE complex proteins in activated astrocytes to uncover the underlying mechanisms of NPP. The research was conducted using a rat model with chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve and primary astrocytes treated with lipopolysaccharide. Enhanced expression of Rab8a was noted specifically in spinal dorsal horn astrocytes through immunofluorescence. Electron microscopy observations showed increased vesicular transport and exocytic activity in activated astrocytes, which was corroborated by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α detected through quantitative PCR. Western blot analyses confirmed significant upregulation of Rab8a, VAMP2, and Syntaxin16 in these cells. Furthermore, the application of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BONT/A) reduced the levels of vesicle transport-associated proteins, inhibiting vesicular transport in activated astrocytes. These findings suggest that the Rab8a/SNARE pathway in astrocytes enhances vesicle transport and anchoring, increasing the secretion of bioactive molecules that may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of NPP. Inhibiting this pathway with BONT/A offers a novel therapeutic target for managing NPP, highlighting its potential utility in clinical interventions.

The effect of different electron beam refining parameters on the type， quantity and size distribution of inclusions during melt solidification was studied. The content of O and N in FGH4096 alloy and the type， quantity and size distribution of inclusions after different power refining were statistically analyzed， and the mechanism of influence of power on inclusions growth during electron beam refining was revealed in combination with the growth kinetics of inclusions. The number density of carbon and nitrogen compounds and complex phase inclusions in FGH4096 alloys prepared by electron beam refining was the largest， and the proportion of both was 95.53%. In the carbon nitrogen compounds and complex phase inclusions， TiN-TiC， TiN-（Ti，M）C and Al2O3-TiN-（Ti，M）C occupied a large proportion. The inclusions growth kinetics calculations showed that when the power increased from 9 kW to 12 kW， the increased power improved the removal effect of the inclusions forming elements， limited the elemental content required for the growth of inclusions， reduced the formation temperature of inclusions and thus reduced its growth temperature range， and led to a reduced growth time and size of inclusions due to the small change in the cooling rate additionally.However， when the power 12 kW increased to 15 kW， the O and N content decreased less while the melt cooling rate decreased larger， resulting in an increased growth time of the inclusion.It reduced the effect of the removal of impurity element content， with an increase in the size of inclusions.