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High-entropy alloys（HEAs）have attracted considerable attention from the research community as a pioneering alloy design paradigm over the past two decades. They have fundamentally challenged traditional design paradigms and exhibited exceptional mechanical properties and functional characteristics，thereby positioning themselves as promising candidates for significant engineering applications in the future. Recent advancements have unveiled several alloy systems that demonstrate exceptional performance across diverse metrics，including low-temperature fracture toughness，high-temperature strength，impact resistance，radiation tolerance，and fatigue resistance. These qualities render HEAs highly attractive materials for research with substantial application potential in critical domains such as deep space exploration，deep-sea investigations，low-temperature superconductivity，and advanced nuclear energy technologies. This paper will briefly introduce the concept and classification of HEAs，and review the experimental progress of HEAs under various extreme conditions such as extremely low temperatures，high-speed impacts，and high nuclear radiation. We also summarize the strategies for enhancing the strength and toughness of HEAs，and extract the deformation mechanisms and physical and chemical properties of HEAs under different extreme loads. It is foreseeable that the main development direction of HEAs will be to form microscopic fluctuations in chemical composition and construct multi-scalestructural ordering efficiently through fine adjustment of the selection and proportion of alloying elements and optimization of heat treatment processes. For comprehensive studies on HEAs subjected to extreme loads，it is essential to explore their microscopic deformation mechanisms further while proposing innovative strategies designed to address inherent trade-offs between strength and toughness. The integration of state-of-the-art simulation techniques combined with advanced characterization methods will be crucial for improving research efficiency while providing insights into microstructural behavior. Additionally，tailored optimization approaches should be implemented for distinct advantageous systems and phase structures，particularly those capable of activating dislocation movements，twinning，phase transformations and incorporating novel processing methodologies such as additive manufacturing. Finally，conducting more realistic simulation experiments that closely replicate extreme environments along with generating relevant engineering data are vital steps toward accelerating the practical application of HEAs in challenging settings.

Abstract There is little known about the contribution of exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) in the children’s cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). This study aimed to find diagnostic biomarkers for predicting CSA-AKI in children. A prospective observational study was conducted from April 2020 to March 2021.According to the changes of serum creatinine (SCr) value and urine volume within 48 h, the children were divided into acute kidney injury (AKI) group and non-AKI group. Serum samples were collected 4 h after cardiac surgery. Isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and extraction of exomiRs from serum samples. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used to quantify exomiRs and screen candidate microRNAs (miRNAs). Expression levels of candidate miRNAs were validated using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Normal and injuried rats’ kidney tissue were collected for tissue validation. In the pre-experimental stage (4 AKI vs. 4 non-AKI), hsa-miR-184, hsa-miR-4800-3p, hsa-miR-203a-3p and hsa-miR-6766-3p were selected as candidate genes. In the verification stage (8 AKI vs. 12 non-AKI), the expression of hsa-miR-184 in AKI group was significantly lower than that in non-AKI group (P = 0.031), and the expression of hsa-miR-4800-3p and hsa-miR-6766-3p in AKI group was significantly higher than that in non-AKI group (P = 0.01 and P = 0.047). There was no significant difference in the expression of hsa-miR-203a-3p between the two groups (P > 0.05). The expression of rats’ kidney tissue rno-miR-184 in AKI group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (P = 0.044). The area under the curve (AUC) of AKI predicted by hsa-miR-184 is 0.7865 and the AUC of hsa-miR-6766-3p is 0.7708. Combined with two kinds of miRNAs, the area under the curve of AKI is predicted to be 0.8646. The change of exomiRs level in circulatory system occurred in the early stage after cardiac operation, and the changes of hsa-miR-184 and hsa-miR-6766-3p content in circulatory system could predict CSA-AKI well.

Objective To investigate the effect of Six Sigma management in prevention of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in children undergoing liver transplantation. Methods From January to September 2021, a total of 216 children with central venous catheter placement were selected as the control group, and 192 children with central venous catheter indwelling from January to September 2022 were selected as the intervention group. The control group received routine nursing management in the maintenance of central venous catheters, while the intervention group adopted Six Sigma management on the basis of routine care measures. The incidence of CLABSI and 1000-day catheter infection rate were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of CLABSI in the intervention group was 1. 04%, which was lower than 1. 39% in the control group (P＜0. 05). The 1000-day catheter infection rate was 0. 64 ‰ in the intervention group, which was lower than 1. 07 ‰ in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The Six Sigma management method can effectively reduce the incidence of CLABSI in children undergoing liver transplantation and improve their safety. (目的 探讨六西格玛管理方法在预防肝移植儿童中心静脉导管相关性血流感染(CLABSI)中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年1月—9月留置中心静脉导管的216例患儿为对照组, 2022年1月—9月留置中心静脉导管192例患儿为干预组。针对肝移植儿童中心静脉导管的维护管理, 对照组实施常规护理措施, 干预组在对照组基础上采用六西格玛管理法。对比两组的CLABSI的发生率及千日导管血流感染率。结果 干预组CLABSI发生率为1. 04%, 低于对照组的1. 39%。差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05); 干预组千日导管血流感染率为0. 64‰, 低于对照组1. 07‰, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 西格玛管理方法能有效降低肝移植儿童CLABSI发生率, 提高患儿安全。)

The hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization of Al-11.1Zn-2.3Mg-2.0Cu-0.05Sc alloy was explored in the isothermal hot compression test with a temperature range of 653-733 K at strain rate of 10-3 s-1. The microstructural evolution of the studied alloy at different temperatures was analyzed by EBSD technology. The dynamic recrystallization（DRX） critical strain， critical stress， fraction， and average grain size equations were established by linear regression. The results show that the fitted equations can accurately describe the DRX characteristics of the studied alloy during hot deformation.The increase in the deformation temperature enlarges the misorientation angle inside the grains， which facilitates the DRX progress. The distributions of crystal orientation tend to be more homogeneous with the increase in temperatures. Moreover， dynamic recovery is the dominant dynamic softening mechanism. With the temperature change， there are three types of recrystallization mechanisms in the microstructure of aluminum alloy， including discontinuous dynamic recrystallization， continuous dynamic recrystallization， and geometric dynamic recrystallization.

Abstract The precise and effective activation of the immune response is crucial in promising therapy curing cancer. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is an emerging strategy for precise regulation and highly spatiotemporal selectivity. However, this approach faces a significant challenge due to the off‐target effect and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To address this challenge, a nanoscale full‐active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) photo‐immune stimulator was developed. This formulation overcomes the limitations of PIT by strengthening the ability to penetrate tumors deeply and inducing precise and potent mitochondria‐targeted dual‐mode photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy. Along with inhibiting overexpressed Hsp90, this nanosensitizer in turn improves the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Ultimately, this mitochondria‐targeted PIT demonstrated potent antitumor efficacy, achieving a remarkable inhibition rate of ≥95% for both established primary tumors and distant abscopal tumors. In conclusion, this novel self‐delivery full‐API nanosystem enhances the efficacy of phototherapy and reprograms the immunosuppressive microenvironment, thereby holding great promise in the development of precise and effective immunotherapy.

The present study investigates the wetting and corrosion behaviour of slags on dense Al2O3 ceramics, focusing on the influence of varying vanadium- and titanium oxide content. Physicochemical properties of the slag were assessed by measuring wetting angles, heights and diameters of the molten slags on the alumina at different temperatures. Microscopic observations and elemental composition analysis were conducted on the interface between the corroded Al2O3 ceramics and the slags. Our findings demonstrated that the V2O3 addition in the slag leads to its oxidation to V2O5, which further reacts with Fe2O3 and MnO to form low melting point phases such as FeVO4 and MnVO6. Consequently, the melting point of the slag decreases significantly, resulting in a decreased wetting angle with the Al2O3 ceramics. The presence of unsaturated alumina in the slag leads to the dissolution of aluminium ions from the ceramics into the slag, which reacts with Fe2O3 and MnO to form spinel phases, contributing to material loss of the ceramics. Infiltration of the slag into the Al2O3 predominantly occurs through the alumina grain boundaries. Two types of infiltration are identified: one involving reactions with alumina to form low melting point phases like Fe2O3 and the other involving inherent low melting point phases such as MnVO6. In contrast, the penetration of SiO2 into the alumina substrate is limited. Additionally, the dissolution of Al2O3 into the slag creates pathways for further infiltration. This study highlights the significant influence of Ti and V content on the physicochemical properties of the slag and provides insight into the corrosion mechanism of Al2O3 ceramics by Ti and V containing slags.

As changes in the melting behavior of starch in the extruder affect the physical properties of the extrudate. exploring the melting behavior during starch extrusion is of great significant for the production of ideal thermoplastic starch-based materials. Effects of different extrusion temperatures (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 ℃) on the structure and physicochemical properties of corn starch were investigated. The results showed that under high temperature and mechanical shear, the starch granules were fragmented and the granule size was reduced. The hydrogen bonds within starch molecules were broken, which made starch easier to bind with water molecules, to improve the hydration properties of thermoplastic starch (TPS). As the temperature increased, the content of amylose increased, and the relative crystallinity (RC) and double-helix order (DO) decreased, indicating that the long-range and short-range ordered structures of corn starch were destroyed during heating. The high temperature treatment of the extruder reduced the enthalpy of TPS and destroyed the ability of starch paste to form a gel network. The samples had a weak gelation behavior, and the rigidity and elasticity were weakened. In conclusion, the temperature of twin-screw extrusion changed the starch particle structure, crystalline structure, hydration and rheological properties to different degrees. This study has provided theoretical basis and new ideas for extruding high quality thermoplastic starch materials.

To further promote the industrial application of medium/high entropy intermetallics, a bulk of FeCoNi2Al medium entropy intermetallic ingot with 16 kg as the research object was prepared in this study. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-cast alloy were studied and analyzed in detail. Moreover, characteristic structural components were obtained via investment casting route, by which the forming performance of the alloy was evaluated. Results show that the FeCoNi2Al medium entropy intermetallic ingot has good composition uniformity. The as-cast alloy is composed of B2 primary phase with dendritic morphology and interdendritic L12+B2 phase eutectic structure with lamellar morphology. The tensile strength of the as-cast alloy is 1115 MPa at room temperature, and the elongation is 4.6%. At 650 ℃, the tensile strength of the as-cast alloy is 434 MPa, and the elongation can reach 14.6%. Melt fluidity of the FeCoNi2Al medium entropy intermetallic is lower than that of TC4 alloy but better than that of TiAl-4822 alloy. When the thickness of the characteristic structural component is 2 mm, the plate casting is incompletely filled and a mass of shrinkage porosity is formed within the casting. Moreover, the cessation mechanism of flow for the molten alloy is due to the accumulation of solid particles at the tip of flow. Results of this research will lay a certain technical foundation for the casting process optimization and industrial application of medium/high entropy intermetallics.

Let G=(V(G),E(G))G=\left(V\left(G),E\left(G)) be a graph of order nn. The exponential atom-bond connectivity matrix AeABC(G){A}_{{e}^{{\rm{ABC}}}}\left(G) of GG is an n×nn\times n matrix whose (i,j)\left(i,j)-entry is equal to ed(vi)+d(vj)−2d(vi)d(vj){e}^{\sqrt{\tfrac{d\left({v}_{i})+d\left({v}_{j})-2}{d\left({v}_{i})d\left({v}_{j})}}} if vivj∈E(G){v}_{i}{v}_{j}\in E\left(G), and 0 otherwise. The exponential atom-bond connectivity energy of GG is the sum of the absolute values of all eigenvalues of the matrix AeABC(G){A}_{{e}^{{\rm{ABC}}}}\left(G). It is proved that among all trees of order nn, the star Sn{S}_{n} is the unique tree with the minimum exponential atom-bond connectivity energy.

COVID-19 was the most devastating pandemic since the Spanish Flu of 1918, affecting 700 million individuals and causing 6.8 million fatalities globally. COVID-19 vaccines are currently in the research and development phase. There is a need to investigate strategies pertaining to expanding the testing capacity, developing effective medicines, and creating safer vaccinations for long-lasting protection. Nanoparticles are frequently employed in a variety of medicine-oriented applications. The employment of nanotechnology in the development of novel medications has improved the treatment outcomes for several illnesses. The discovery of novel nanomaterials and the elucidation of their physicochemical features in connection to their cellular destiny and the relevant biological activities have received considerable attention. Hence, this review gives an updated analysis and data on clinical trials that are currently on-going for the development of drugs and the existing ones that are in use to combat the COVID-19 virus. This article also discusses the clinical management of COVID-19 at this juncture and highlights the influence of nanotechnology on the improvement of conventional COVID-19 treatments in the way of diagnosis and integrated therapy with pharmacology and advanced science. This review also brings to light on the limitations of nanotechnological strategies in combating viral diseases.

There are about 180 villages in Mentougou District. The typical regional landscape characteristics and profound cultural, historical and geographical value of these ancient villages have rendered the district a unique tourism resource in the west of Beijing. With the ongoing social development and population migration, the cultural values carried by these villages are faced with the risk o f diminish ment. It is therefore of great significance to integrate and protect the traditional villages to promote the tourism development of this area. Based on 62 ancient villages, this paper uses the concept of linearity to define the spatial influence of each village culture from macro, meso and micro perspectives with the help of ArcGIS spatial analysis software to construct the corridor pattern of the ancient villages in Mentougou District. On this basis, the spatial levels, functional nature and characteristics of the corridor are finely delineated in conjunction with the actual situation. In this way, the fragmented ancient village resources are integrated from natural, social and transportation aspects to achieve spatial consistency, complete the existing roads, and form a comprehensive development pattern for the tourism of ancient villages in area of Mentougou District, especially the organisation of tourism routes, and the overall planning of heritage utilisation.

This article summarizes the nursing experience of a child with biliary-enteric anastomotic strictures complicated by intestinal obstruction after liver transplantation. Nursing priorities include timely understanding of the changes in the child's condition during follow-up, and rapid cooperation with interventional treatment; Cooperating with doctors to effectively relieve intestinal obstruction, restoring gastrointestinal function, and improving the feeding compliance of the child's family; Standardizing pipeline and fistula care, monitoring nutritional risks, and reasonably providing nutritional support; Developing a multi-platform practice continuity nursing model to ensure an efficient quality of life for transplanted children. (总结1例肝移植术后并发胆肠吻合口狭窄与肠梗阻患儿的护理经验。护理重点包括: 及时了解患儿随访时病情变化, 迅速配合介入治疗; 配合医生有效解除肠梗阻, 恢复胃肠功能, 提高患儿家属喂养依从性; 规范管路与瘘道护理, 监测营养风险, 合理提供营养支持; 发展多平台实践延续性护理模式, 保证移植患儿的高效生活质量。)

Objectives With the gradual development of marine resources, the number of vehicles operating under the sea surface has rapidly increased, and the problem of the electromagnetic detection of underwater complex targets such as underwater vehicles needs to be solved urgently.MethodsBased on the total-field scattered-field source finite-difference time-domain method (TSS-FDTD) and the method of field value conversion on the sea surface, the spatial distribution of scattering fields generated by the underwater antenna array irradiation of target underwater vehicles is analyzed. The field distributions in the regions near the underwater antenna array and complex target, in the seawater and above the sea surface are obtained by calculation, and the spatial scattering fields of the three groups with different relative positions of target and source are compared and analyzed.ResultsThrough comparison and analysis, the scattering fields of the three groups in the seawater environment are clearly different, and the existence of the underwater target can be determined by observing the scattering fields. While the scattering fields of the three groups above the sea surface show little difference, the existence of the underwater target can be still determined by observing the value and energy distribution of the scattering fields.ConclusionsThe results of this analysis can provide numerical references for detection radar with similar working frequency bands, and provide technical support for the fields of underwater vehicle detection, underwater rescue and sunken ship salvage.

Abstract This work proposes an effective and accurate method for solving the partial geometry modification problem of original scattering. The current and scattering characteristics after structure modification can be efficiently calculated by using the information of the initial impedance matrix. These modifications include adding geometry or moving and rotating different parts of geometry. Although the changes in each impedance matrix are local for partial modified geometries, the associated computational cost is high because the whole analysis is iterative. By combining the binomial series method and the reduced basis method, the proposed method can effectively evaluate the scattering field without solving the inverse impedance matrix of the modified geometry. The proposed algorithm has a computational cost of O(n2), which is much smaller than O(n3) of the traditional method of moments (MoM), where n is the number of unknowns. Through several examples, the traditional MoM and the proposed method are compared, and the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method are proved.

With the rapid development of network technology, the increasing scale of the network, and the more complex network structure, network anti-mapping puts forward higher requirements. In this paper, based on the game theory of the network anti-mapping strategy selection method, the network mapping attack is divided into the reconnaissance stage and the mapping stage. According to the opacity of the information of both attackers and defenders, the attacker collects the defender’s information in the reconnaissance stage and introduces the signal game to construct the reconnaissance game model. The attacker and defender in the two-stage game utilize Bayesian equilibrium to solve the problem and select the strategy that maximizes their utility based on the assumed conditions. The results show that for the attack of illegal scanning, the CFE statistics of the attack data increase from 1.5~1.9. The game theory-based network anti-surveillance security access technology can effectively identify subnet and multi-IP devices and, at the same time, reduce the network load, and the network topology nodes can be up to 2134 degrees of freedom, which effectively improves the efficiency of network anti-surveillance.

With the arrival of the Internet era, the construction of digital government has been deepening, which promotes the continuous updating and development of governmental new media. This study explores the support role of government new media, explores the trust mechanism of government new media from the perspective of its credibility, and proposes a creation strategy based on the trust generation model. Considering the diverse needs of users, a governmental new media matrix platform has been established to increase the interactive effect with the public and to explore the communication innovation path of government new media. One of the manifestations of political new media content. The material splicing video and real clip are higher, the number of comments on the works is more than 2 million, and the traffic peak of public interaction is concentrated in the two stages of 12:00~18:00 and 18:00~24:00. The increase of 440,000 visitors and 3,260,000 fans under the new communication model shows that the actual operation of the government new media model in this paper has excellent performance and can effectively improve the operation of government new media. This study provides a feasible path to improve government credibility and the development of new media for government.

In order to better realize the intelligent perception of fault location information of power distribution communication access networks in different scenarios, this paper carries out the construction of a power distribution communication network system through industrial Ethernet technology combined with EPON technology under fiber optic communication technology. Based on GIS technology and combined with OTDR technology, we constructed a fault location system for the fiber optic cable of the power distribution communication network so as to realize the acquisition of fault location information. From the multi-source state information, the joint Kalman filtering model is used to excavate the characteristics of the grid operation state, and then the fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data of power distribution communication is realized. To verify the effectiveness of the distribution communication network system constructed in this paper for locating fault information and intelligently collecting power consumption, system tests were conducted. The results show that the relative error of the node voltage estimation of the joint Kalman filter algorithm is below 0.015%, which improves the accuracy of fault identification in the distribution network. The system constructed in this paper for information transmission connectivity testing PON port light-emitting power range of 2~6dm, receiving optical power greater than -25dm, each PON port without power overload. This shows that the distribution automation communication network constructed in this paper meets the information collection requirements, and the construction of an intelligent distribution communication network can meet the requirements of distribution automation and can also accurately collect the fault location information of the distribution network.

With the arrival of the big data era and the development of new network technology, how to use big data technology to diagnose and locate fiber optic cable faults in communication networks has become a hot topic of current concern. Firstly, a combined generative adversarial network and convolutional neural network algorithm is proposed based on a deep learning algorithm, then an improved fault diagnosis model combining generative adversarial network and convolutional neural network algorithm is built, and finally, the combined generative adversarial network and convolutional neural network model is used to verify and analyze the fiber optic cable fault diagnosis. The results show that the accuracy of the DCGAN-CNN algorithm for fiber optic cable fault diagnosis is 98.5%, and the research results verify the effectiveness of the combined generative adversarial network and convolutional neural network model for fiber optic cable fault diagnosis. This study can accurately and comprehensively solve the problem of fiber optic cable faults in communication networks and thus play a guiding reference value for developing fault diagnosis in Chinese communication networks.

The rise of biomimetic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cluster has brought new challenges for radar target tracking and identification. Different cluster flight modes will have different impacts on radar data processing and cluster target identification. For analyzing the influence mechanism of the cluster on radar tracking and identification, this paper models the flight process of UAV cluster based on three kinds of species: geese, wolves and bees, which respectively simulated the large-scale transport, close-in rounding attack and robust information communication of UAV cluster. Secondly, it discusses the influence mechanism of different cluster modes on several algorithms of tracking: track initiation, data association and tracking filter. Finally, combined with the characteristics of three biological movements, it designs the identification methods of cluster event pattern based on clustering in detail, and gives the judgment rules. The simulation results show that there is the suitable combination of radar data processing algorithms for different clustering modes. The optimized tracking algorithm combination based on different clustering modes can effectively improve the tracking accuracy of the radar cluster target, and can reduce the time cost. Moreover, the method proposed in this paper can realize the identification of different cluster patterns to the judgment of target intention and provide the subsequent processing.

Supported catalyst Pt/MCM-48 was prepared by using MCM-48 with large specific surface area of ≈1400 m2/g as a support and applied for catalytic combustion of toluene. Compared with using microporous Silicalite-2, mesoporous molecular sieves SBA-15 and MCM-41 as well as commercial SiO2 as a support, the catalyst with MCM-48 as a support exhibits the best catalytic performance for toluene oxidation, demonstrating the highest catalytic performance for toluene oxidation. Then, the effect of various Pt loading amount on toluene oxidation was investigated and it was found that Pt/MCM-48 with 1%(mass fraction) Pt exhibits the best catalytic performance. Various introduction ways of Pt into support materials were compared among incipient-wetness impregnation method, in-situ synthesis method, methanol method and ethylene glycol method. The results indicate that the actual amount of Pt introduced in MCM-48 is similar to the theoretical amount via impregnation method and in-situ synthesis method, while is much less than the theoretical amount by using the solvent method. Nevertheless, both highest toluene conversion efficiency of Pt and the utilization rate of Pt atom are obtained over the Pt/MCM-48 by using methanol method. However, how to improve the actual Pt loading amount despite of keeping the high utility of single Pt atom is what we should focus on in the near future. Several characterizations, i.e., BET, XPS, STEM and H2-TPR etc., provide solid proofs that the MCM-48 with large specific surface area provide favorable condition for the high dispersion and good distribution of Pt in the support, which is beneficial for obtaining high proportion of Pt0. Meanwhile, the ordered three-dimensional mesoporous structure greatly improves the accessibility of the active sites and decreases the diffusion resistance of toluene, hence, greatly contributes to the superior toluene oxidation ability. In addition, GC-MS results show that toluene is firstly converted to the intermediates of aldehydes/phenols/acids, etc. on Pt/MCM-48, and finally converted to CO2 and fully deep oxidation could be achieved.

Triage is the scientific process of sorting patients as they present to the emergency care setting, and is one key strategy used to ensure reduce the modality and disability. Aim of triage is to correctly identify patients and guide them to rapid and correct treatment. This paper reviewed the researches on emergency triage of patients with chest pain, and provided reference for quality of triage in emergency care. (急诊科预检分诊是用科学的方法将患者进行分类, 迅速识别急、危、重患者, 使之得到及时有效的救治, 减少患者死亡或伤残的发生。快速正确的急诊预检分诊是急性胸痛患者得到及时有效治疗的保证。本文就急性胸痛预检分诊工作进行综述, 旨在为提高护理预检分诊工作质量提供参考。)

Department of Emergency Medicine is an important division providing medical care to critically ill patients. Transport of critically ill patients is often required from the intensive care unit (ICU) to other hospital departments for imaging or medical procedures. Changes in treatment environment, insufficient medical resources during transport may lead to adverse events. There is an urgent need to reduce the risk of adverse events during transport. This paper summarized reviews studies on adverse events in perspectives of current situation, risk factors and nursing countermeasures, and provided reference for quality improvement of intrahospital transport of critically ill patients. (急诊科是急危重症患者诊疗的重要平台。在急诊科护理工作中, 危重症患者常因检查或治疗的需要进行院内转运, 转运过程虽短, 但由于治疗环境的改变, 转运过程中治疗、护理资源的缺乏, 可能导致不良事件的发生。如何有效减少急诊危重症患者院内转运过程不良事件发生是临床急需解决的难题。本文对急诊危重症患者院内转运过程中不良事件的发生情况、风险因素分析以及护理干预策略进行综述, 旨在提高急诊危重症患者院内转运质量。)

Setting up an economizer flue gas bypass system is an effective approach to increase the inlet flue gas temperature of the denitration system in a coal-fired power plant and maintain high De-NO_x efficiency under all working conditions. In order to analyze the economy of the denitration system in a coal-fired power plant during frequent load cycling processes, the dynamic models of a 660 MW ultrasupercritical coal-fired power plant and the SCR system are developed. Then, the cost of urea, the environmental cost of NO_x emission and the cost of coal are obtained and compared under different flue gas bypass baffle opening during the loading up processes from 50%THA to 100%THA. The results show that the change value of coal cost is the largest, and the total cost has a certain increase when the economizer flue gas bypass baffle is opened during the load cycling processes. When the flue gas bypass baffle opening is 5% and 10%, the cost of coal increases by ￥600 and ￥1200 respectively during the loading up processes from 50% to 75%THA. Meanwhile, the cost of urea decreased by ￥442.48 and ￥554.89 respectively, while the environmental cost of NO_x emission changed less, only ￥62.22 and￥63.19. Moreover, the cost of coal increased by ￥1800 and ￥2300 respectively during the loading up processes from 75% to 100%THA, and the amounts of change in urea cost and NO_x emission environmental cost were little. Therefore, it is not recommended for coal-fired power plant to open the flue gas baffle during the loading up processes from 75% to 100%THA.

The age-related decline in T-cell function among elderly individuals remains unclear. We thus investigated the interrelationship between T-cell subsets and age to identify the changes in T-cell phenotypes and develop an age prediction model for the elderly population. A total of 127 individuals aged >60 years were divided into three groups (youngest-old group, 61–70 years, n = 34; middle-old group, 71–80 years, n = 53; and oldest-old group, ≥ 81 years, n = 40). The percentage of CD8+CD28− cells (P = 0.001) was highest in the oldest-old group and then followed by the middle-old group, while the youngest-old group was the lowest. Both females and males demonstrated significant decreases in the absolute counts of CD4+CD45RA+ cells (P = 0.020; P = 0.002) and CD8+CD28+ cells (P = 0.015; P = 0.005) with age. Multivariate linear regression showed that the percentage of CD8+CD28− cells (P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of aging after adjusting for sex, body mass index, hospitalization duration, smoking, drinking, chronic medical illness, and medications at admission. In conclusion, our results suggest that aging in elderly individuals is accompanied by a decrease in the counts of T-cell subpopulations. CD8+CD28− cells may be potential targets for elderly individuals in antiaging-related immunosenescence.

The resistive switching layer of CeO2-x-TiO2 film was prepared on the FTO substrate by the sol-gel method and spin coating technique, and the Al/CeO2-x-TiO2/FTO resistive switching device was fabricated by depositing thin Al top electrode on the surface of the CeO2-x-TiO2 film. The crystal phase composition and crystal structure of CeO2-x-TiO2 thin films were characterized by XRD and XPS. The results show that the resistive switching layer is mainly composed of TiO2 and CeO2-x. Compared with Al/CeO2/FTO devices, the electrical performance of Al/CeO2-x-TiO2/FTO device is improved. I-V test shows that Al/CeO2-x-TiO2/FTO device has bipolar resistance variation characteristics without forming process. The resistive behavior with different CeO2-x-TiO2 thicknesses was carried out. The results show that the low resistance state of Al/CeO2-x-TiO2/FTO device shows ohmic conduction mechanism under different CeO2-x-TiO2 film thicknesses. As the thickness of CeO2-x-TiO2 increases, the essential change of resistance mechanism occurs in high resistance state. The resistance mechanism of the device changes from oxygen vacancy conductive filament mechanism to charge trapping/releasing mechanism by defect controlled. It was found that the AlOxlayer at the Al/CeO2-x-TiO2 interface is critical to the transformation of resistance mechanism, and the thickness of AlOx layer changes the device from "digital type" to "analog type".

FeCoNiAlCrx(x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, atomic ratio) high-entropy alloy ingots were prepared by vacuum arc melting method, and the effect of Cr content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy was investigated. The phase structure, microstructure and the composition of the alloy were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS).The compression properties of the alloy were tested by universal testing machine. The results show that with the increase of Cr content, the microstructure of the alloy changes from a single-phase BCC structure to a BCC+FCC mixed structure; the microstructure of the alloy gradually changes from an equiaxed structure to a dendrite structure, and the grain size of the alloy is obviously refined. The five alloys prepared in this experiment have relatively good mechanical properties, and the compressive strength of the alloy increases greatly with the increase of Cr content. When x=0, the compressive strength and plastic strain of the alloy are the lowest, which are 1500 MPa and 13.56%, respectively; when x=0.8, the compressive strength and plastic strain of the alloy reach the maximum, which are 2460 MPa and 30.09%, respectively; the compressive strength of the alloy increases by 64%. It indicates that Cr addition plays an important role in the microstructure refinement, the improvement of compressive strength and ductility of FeCoNiAlCrx high-entropy alloys.

The low-velocity impact finite element model of the carbon fiber-reinforced composite grid sandwich structure was established by ABAQUS. Its panels and grid are both carbon fiber-reinforced composite laminates. The constitutive relation of composite laminates is written into the VUMAT user subroutine using the Fortran language. Simulation of intralaminar failure behavior of composite laminates using the three-dimensional Hashin failure criterion. The quadratic stress criterion and the B-K energy criterion were used to simulate the interlaminar failure behavior, and the delamination damage of the composite panel and the interface debonding damage were simulated. The finite element models of four different types of composite grid sandwich structures, including quadrilateral configuration, triangular configuration, mixed configuration, and diamond configuration, were established. The influence of the single grid width and the height of the grid on the impact resistance of each composite grid configuration was studied. Compared with other geometric configurations, triangular grid sandwich structure provides the best energy absorption characteristics, and T-6-10 has the highest fracture absorption energy (15816.46 mJ). The damage propagation law of carbon fiber-reinforced composite grid sandwich structure under impact load is analyzed.

Gas production from gas wells is affected by formation pressure and wellbore outflow during gas production. To increase the daily gas production and obtain smooth and efficient gas production gas wells, methods such as wellbore shut-in pressure recovery and foam injection and drainage for gas production are usually adopted. In this paper, the gas-carrying liquid model, capacity prediction model, and pressure recovery model are utilized to establish a full-cycle production prediction method for newly developed gas wells. Combining the initial development pressure, gas production, and water production parameters of the gas well, the gas production prediction is obtained for the next few years. Meanwhile, the implementation time of the forced drainage method is calculated and obtained.

The Indonesian batik industry has dominated the global market with an export value in 2022 of around US$ 25.31 million or Rp 392.74 billion. Environmental implications are also substantial, as 10–20% of the total dye products utilized in batik dyeing are typically lost in effluent and discharged into bodies of water. Photocatalysis with TiO2 has been widely studied as a method that can be applied to wastewater treatment because it has high photoreactive properties and chemical stability compared to other materials. A tubular photoreactor system with continuous flow for processing dye waste in the batik industry has been successfully developed. This equipment consists of five reactors arranged in parallel connected by a 1/2-inch pipe and equipped with a circulation pump, flowmeter, feed tank, panel box, and flow valve. This system is used for the photocatalysis process with a TiO2 catalyst dose of 1.5 gr/l with flow rate variation. The results show that the color of the solution changed and the results of measurements using UV-VIS showed that the concentration of methylene blue decreased from 4.871 ppm to 0.081 ppm with the flow rate of 3 L/min. The kinetic constant for this variable is 0.01762/min with R2 = 0.98675.

In the performance characterization of chemical molecular structures, several uncertain properties are often encountered, and fuzzy theory is precisely the tool to characterize these uncertainties. When molecular structures are described by molecular graphs, the corresponding fuzzy graph theory is used to characterize the uncertainty of atoms and atomic bonds. In this study, there is introduced cyclic connectivity index and its average version for bipolar fuzzy incidence graph (BFIG), and several theoretical results are obtained in the light of graph theory and fuzzy theory. Finally, the given new fuzzy index is applied to the testing of anti-aging-related drugs yields average uncertainty data for the corresponding molecular structures.

BackgroundScintillator-based fast-ion loss detector (FILD) can measure the velocity-space distribution of fast-ion loss and are key in studying the control mechanism of fast-ion loss in nuclear fusion devices.PurposeThis study aims to obtain the velocity-space distribution of fast-ion loss from corresponding FILD data and evaluate the capacity of current FILD probe for the further improvement of diagnostic design.MethodsThe FILDSIM code was employed to establish the linkage between the fast-ion image digitized by FILD and the velocity-space distribution of fast-ion loss. The detection coverage of fast ions on the scintillator was assessed through reverse tracing of the lost fast ions, considering the geometry of the FILD probe as well as the pitch angle and gyroradius of fast ions entering the pinhole of the FILD probe.ResultsThe obtained velocity-space distribution of fast-ion loss under ICRH indicates that the energy of lost fast hydrogen minority ions is above 200 keV. Moreover, analysis shows that the geometry of the probe, particularly the shell behind the scintillator, obstructs the diagnostic detection range, creating a null region on the scintillator.ConclusionsThe acquisition of the velocity-space distribution of fast-ion loss lays the foundation for further evaluation and control of fast-ion loss under ion cyclotron resonance heating. In addition, the investigation of the probe detection range provides a basis for upgrading diagnostic systems.

The two-distance vertex-distinguishing index χd2′(G){\chi }_{d2}^{^{\prime} }\left(G) of graph GG is defined as the smallest integer kk, for which the edges of GG can be properly colored using kk colors. In this way, any pair of vertices at distance of two have distinct sets of colors. The two-distance vertex-distinguishing edge coloring of graphs can be used to solve some network problems. In this article, we used the method of discharging to prove that if GG is a graph with mad(G)

In this study, we have produced a lightweight foam composite material by a simple freeze-drying method, which is composed of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), mesoporous carbon hollow microspheres (MCHMs), water-based polyurethane (WPU), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). MCHMs were prepared by a novel and facile method. We found that the electromagnetic shielding performance of foam composites can be adjusted by adjusting the density of foam composites, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of composites can be enhanced through the synergistic effect of hollow mesoporous carbon and MWCNTs. The composite material with a density of 232.8042 mg·cm−3 and 40 wt% MWCNT has a δ of 30.2 S·m−1 and SE of 23 dB. After adding 10 wt% MCHMs to the composite material, δ reaches 33.2 S·m−1, and SE reaches 28 dB. Both absorption losses accounted for 70%. The increase in the content of MWCNT, the increase in density, and the introduction of MCHMs all have a positive effect on the δ and SE of the composite material.

Based on the shear load case, the bearing capacity and failure mode of composite laminates with circular and diamond holes were studied by test and numerical simulation. The results show: under the premise of the same laminate weight, the same hole accessibility and the same stacking angle information, the load-carrying capacity of the laminate with diamond hole is greater than that of the laminate with circular hole; based on the nonlinear continuum damage mechanics（CDM）, the fiber damage is predicted by using the maximum strain failure criterion, and the matrix damage is predicted by using the three-dimensional nonlinear puck failure criterion A three-dimensional finite element model of laminate is established and numerical simulation is carried out. The comparison with the experimental results shows that the model can effectively predict the bearing capacity and failure mode of laminate with hole.

The stresses was analysis in press-fitting and in service, and fatigue was evaluated based on ANSYS software in this thesis. What’s more, the fatigue test was carry out, stiffness variation was analyzed before and after fatigue test. The result show that, the pressure ring is the largest Von-Mises stress component in press-fit, and the hoop tensile stress pay a important role. The Von-Mises stress on hole of pressure ring is 1.5 times than other component in service, and the hoop stress pay a important role. The weak anti-fatigue area of tyre is on back side of tyre, and The weak anti-fatigue area of pressure ring is on hole. No fatigue crack was found, and the stiffness variation was less than 20% after fatigue test.

Wind has been admitted as one of the most promising renewable energy resources in multinational regionalization policies. However, due to the randomness and volatility of wind energy and the rigid transmission of traditional wind turbines, it is difficult to control the active power of wind turbines with high precision. Thus the hydraulic wind turbines (HWT) is taken as the research object, and the stable operation of wind turbines at a demand power point under certain wind speed conditions is realized. The mathematical model of HWTs is established, and the HWT operation characteristics are analyzed. The small signal linearization method is adopted to solve the multiplying nonlinear problems in the system, and the working area of the power transmission system to adjust the transmission power stably is analyzed. According to the demand of active power control for wind turbine, the HWT active power control strategy is proposed. However, the power response of the HWT is inconsistent with the time-varying operating point and the proposed controller fixed parameters. The controller parameter online adjustment method of system pressure and power gain is proposed. The effectiveness of the optimized control method is verified based on the semi-physical simulation experiment platform of HWT, and the consistency of active power response is achieved. At the same time, the power response characteristics are analyzed, and the HWT active power response time can satisfy the demand of electrical grid under the optimal control strategy.

Objective: To avoid young liquor as old liquor and realize the discrimination of Baijiu age. Methods: The near infrared transmission spectra of Baijiu samples were collected by near infrared spectrometer, and the synchronous and asynchronous two-dimensional correlation spectra of Baijiu samples were constructed with the wine age as the external disturbance. On this basis, the autocorrelation spectrum of each sample was extracted, and the age discrimination model of Baijiu was established by combining Markov distance method. Results: The wave band from 1 400 nm to 1 800 nm contained the effective information about the changes of Baijiu samples on age. The discrimination accuracy of model correction set was 93.3%, and that of prediction set was 92.0%. Conclusion: Two dimensional correlation spectrum combined with Mahalanobis distance method can effectively identify the age of Baijiu.

【Background】 The project of transforming drylands to paddy fields in Sanjiang Plain in the northeast China has increased its rice cultivation areas from 266 700 hm2 prior to the project to 1 733 300 hm2 after implementing the project. As a result, its demand for water also increased. Baoshan Farm is in the upper reach of Sanjiang plain on a piedmont, and its agricultural production had relied on groundwater since its establishment. Since 1992, it has gradually converted drylands to paddy field, and such a land conversion has resulted in a conflict between increased demand for water and limited water availability. 【Objective】 The purpose of this paper is to analyze how to optimize the use of surface water and groundwater to resolve the conflict between limited water supply and the increased demand for water due to the land use change, so as to avoid waterlogging while in the meantime alleviating continued groundwater table dropping. 【Method】 The calculation was based on groundwater flow with the groundwater dynamics under different managements simulated using the software Modflow-2000. The aquifer parameters, model validation and sensitivity analysis of the parameters were carried out using long-term hydrogeological data measured from the area. We then compared groundwater dynamics under irrigations using different combinations of surface water and groundwater. 【Result】 The calibrated groundwater dynamics model correctly reproduced the measured changes in groundwater level in the studied area; sensitivity analysis revealed that the initial groundwater level did not have a noticeable influence on long-term groundwater variation. Using the river water to irrigate areas 10 km in the proximity of the river while irrigating other areas using the groundwater can keep groundwater resource balance while in the meantime alleviating waterlogging. In contrast, irrigating too many areas using transferred river water could raise the groundwater table and result in waterlogging in a wide range of areas. 【Conclusion】 Rational use of groundwater and surface water in irrigation can maintain groundwater balance and avoid waterlogging in the farmlands of Baoshai; a monitoring system should be in place to timely measure the change in groundwater table.

Several different methods of opponent modeling were introduced, leading to the problem of intention recognition in behavior modeling. Then, the process, classification, main methods, research prospects and practical applications of intention recognition were analyzed inductively, the latest research in related fields were summarized. Finally, some shortcomings of the current intention recognition and design methods were pointed out and some new insights for the future research were presented.

Random structure plays an important role in the composition of compounds, and topological index is an important index to measure indirectly the properties of compounds. The Zagreb indices and its revised versions (or redefined versions) are frequently used chemical topological indices, which provide the theoretical basis for the determination of various physical-chemical properties of compounds. This article uses the tricks of probability theory to determine the reduced second Zagreb index and hyper-Zagreb index of two kinds of vital random graphs: G(n, p) and G(n, m).