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A novel self-priming venturi mixer consists of a designed nozzle, and a conventional venturi mixer was proposed to enhance mixing quality by compressing the raw gas. Computational fluid dynamics technology was employed to study the flow characteristics of the fluid within the mixer, and the performance of the mixer under different structural parameters was evaluated by the entrained rate, pressure difference, and mixing quality. Besides, the relationship between the structural parameters of the mixer and the composition ratio at the outlet was clearly elucidated. The research results suggest that the energy loss is minimized when the nozzle outlet radius ranges from 0.8 to 1.2 cm. Furthermore, as the length-to-diameter ratio increases, the entrainment rate and pressure difference initially increase gradually and then stabilize. Additionally, a small length-to-diameter ratio and an excessively large diffusion angle may reduce the mixing uniformity of the venturi mixer.