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Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: 1-To illustrate 28 classic signs and appearances in pediatric neuroradiology. 2-To discuss the causes for their appearances, and the differential...

WOS: 000256246600017, Inguinoscrotal bladder hernia is a rare entity. The bladder may be a component of inguinal hernias in man over the age of 50 years and only a small portion of the bladder is usually involved. Preoperative diagnosis of such hernias is important to avoid injury to the bladder and ureter. Intra-venous pyelography (IVP), retrograde cystography, pelvic ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) have been useful in preoperative diagnosis of inguinoscrotal hernia. In this study, radiological findings of two cases with massive inguinoscrotal bladder hernia are presented and the importance of the imaging modalities in preoperative diagnosis is emphasized.

WOS: 000383902000001, PubMed ID: 27425449, Background: Renal resistive index (RRI) scanned through renal Doppler is a practical marker employed in measuring blood flow in renal and intrarenal arteries and in noninvasive evaluation of renal vascular resistance. We aimed to investigate the renal hemodynamic variations in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).Material and methods: Seventy-nine FMF patients and 51 healthy subjects suitable for age and sex were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to their urinary albumin excretion. Fifty-two patients with 0-29mg/day albuminuria were included in the normoalbuminuric group while 27 patients with 30-299mg/day albuminuria were included in the microalbuminuric group.Results: RRI values were higher in patients with FMF compared to the healthy subjects (p

14th Annual Meeting of the European-Society-of-Musculoskeletal-Radiology -- 2007 -- Izmir, TURKEY, WOS: 000281262200035, Cherubism is a rare hereditary benign lesion of the mandible that appears in childhood as bilateral painless swellings that progress until puberty, and then spontaneously regress. It was first described in 1933 and referred to as familial multilocular cystic disease of the mandible. These lesions are rarely seen and the diagnosis of the lesion requires the integration of the histopathology with history, clinical course of the disease and the radiographic appearance. Plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scan are sufficient for radiological diagnosis. Orbital involvement secondary to cherubism is rare. In this article, we describe CT and three-dimensional (3D) imaging features in two cases with extensive orbital involvement of cherubism., European Soc Musculoskeletal Radiol

WOS: 000253996100020, PubMed ID: 18083335, Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a disorder of the young age group characterized by ischemia of the lower extremities due to an abnormal association between the popliteal artery and adjacent musculotendinous structures. Several underlying anatomical abnormalities causing this syndrome are described and classified. In this study, we present an unusual case of PAES along with multidetector computed tomographic angiography findings.

WOS: 000420684600042, PubMed ID: 26000068, Background: In this retrospective review of patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (FD), the clinical and radiological findings of CT and MR scan were analyzed. Material/Methods: The study material included 32 patients, at 9 to 68 years of age that were directed for differential diagnostics of several disorders in the head. We recorded CT and MRI data related to the lesion number, location, sidedness, appearance, and sex of the cases with craniofacial FD. Results: Of 32 patients involved in this study, 17 had monostotic and 15 had polyostotic involvement pattern. Bones most commonly involved by monostotic involvement in females were, in descending order, mandibular, maxillary, and sphenoid bones, while the sphenoid bone was involved the most in males. Leontiasis ossea was observed in 2 patients. Sclerotic and mixed lesion types were more common in both females and males. In T1-and T2-weighted MRI sequences, hypointensity was more common compared to hyperintensity or heterogeneous intensity. The type of enhancement of lesions was found similar after contrast medium administration. Conclusions: In the presence of craniofacial FD during CT or MRI imaging of the head, a detailed description of FD lesions may provide an important clinical benefit by increasing radiological experience during the diagnostics of this rare disorder.

WOS: 000329806000001, PubMed ID: 24394695, Background: We investigated the changes in the values of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and Doppler index measurements in the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and hemodialysis (HD) patients. Material/Methods: Twenty outpatients on HD (mean age 46.1 +/- 16.4), 27 outpatients on PD (mean age 45 +/- 12.4), and 26 normotensive outpatients with ADPKD (mean age 52.4 +/- 16.7) as the case groups and 21 healthy subjects (mean age 48.4 +/- 7.2), as the control group, were included. The participants underwent ultrasonography of the common, right, and left carotid arteries for the IMT and Doppler flow measurements. Results: Overall, compared to the normal group, in the study groups, the IMT and peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly higher in common carotid arteries; however, their differences were not meaningful in internal carotid arteries (p

WOS: 000301403100018, PubMed ID: 22139722, Background: Without appropriate control measures, contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) incidence has been claimed to be overestimated. Purpose: To evaluate the relationship and the difference between differential serum creatinine (DsCr), which is currently surrogating as a marker of GIN, and measured differential GFR values as a control measure (DGFR) in hospitalized patients. Material and Methods: GFR was measured two times by Tc-99m DTPA, before and 48 h after contrast media (CM), along with sCr and BUN in 35 inpatients (22 men, 13 women, mean age +/- SD = 61 +/- 14) with no known chronic kidney disease. Results: Relationship was moderate between GFR and sCr (R = 0.50, P < 0.01) in the study population. Pre-CM vs. post-CM values of GFR, sCr and BUN were not statistically different as (mean +/- SD); 78 +/- 36 vs. 73 +/- 35 mL/min/1.73m(2), 0.95 +/- 0.26 vs. 0.94 +/- 0.26 mg/dl and 21 +/- 16 vs. 19 +/- 13 mg/dl, respectively, in the study group. According to basal GFR values, 14 patients (40%) seemed carrying risk of GIN (GFR < 60 mymin/1.73m2) in whom only two had sCr >1.5 mg/dl. Twenty-five patients (71%) had discordant results in relation to Ds Cr and DGFR and two of them had GIN according to classical definition of Ds Cr, although having basal sCr

2nd Joint EuroHaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems -- MAR 22-24, 2007 -- Tsukuba, JAPAN, WOS: 000253449500016, PubMed ID: 18343254, Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pediatric patients often requires deep sedation or anesthesia because they must remain completely immobile for a relatively long period to obtain high-quality images. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of propofol IV or inhalation of sevoflurane anesthesia with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for children undergoing MRI. Methods: Children aged 2 to 6 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status of I to 11 who were scheduled for MRI were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into 2 groups. The propofol group was administered propofol 4 mg/kg IV followed by infusion of 150 mu g/kg . min(-1). Patients in the sevoflurane group were induced with sevoflurane 8% by face mask and maintained with an air/oxygen mixture followed by sevoflurane 1.5%. Data recorded included age, weight, scan time, LMA insertion, removal, and recovery times, hemodynamic parameters, complications, pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scale score, child movement, and MRI interruption. A higher PAED score indicated a higher level of delirium. Results: Eighty-eight children were enrolled and randomized to treatment. Nine children were excluded from analysis due to protocol violations. After completion of the study, there were 37 children in the propofol group (male/female, 18/19; mean [SDI age, 42.1 months; weight, 15.2 [4.9] kg; scan time, 20.5 [4.6] min) and 42 in the sevoflurane group (male/ female, 15/27; mean [SDI age, 44.4 [26.1] months; weight, 15.1 [5.2] kg; scan time, 20.6 [4.8] min). No significant differences were found between the study groups with regard to age, weight, scan time, and hemodynamic parameters at baseline and during the study period. Mean LMA insertion, removal, and recovery times were significantly longer in the propofol group (4.8, 5.2, and 8.8 minutes, respectively) than in the sevoflurane group (3.3, 2.5, and 3.9 minutes, respectively) (P < 0.05). The mean PAED score in the propofol group was significantly lower than that in the sevoflurane group (mean [SDI, 6.1 [4.0] vs 10.5 [3.7]; P < 0.05). The percentage of MRI interruption in the propofol group was significantly higher than that in the sevoflurane group (4 [11%] vs 0, respectively; P < 0.05). No episodes of hypotension or bradycardia occurred during the study, and alterations in the propofol infusion rate or sevoflurane concentration were not necessary. One child vomited in the sevoflurane group during the postoperative period. Conclusions: This small study found that sevoflurane, at the doses used in this study, provided shorter induction and faster recovery times than IV propofol for LMA anesthesia in these selected children undergoing MRI. The percentage of MRI interruption in the propofol group was significantly higher than that in the sevoflurane group. Sevoflurane was associated with a significantly higher score on the PAED scale, indicating greater emergence delirium., Virtual Real Soc Japan, IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE TCVG

WOS: 000251966200009, PubMed ID: 18071282, Objective: We wanted to compare the efficacies of 95% ethanol and 20% hypertonic saline (HS) sclerotherapies that were performed in a single session under CT guidance for the management of simple renal cysts. Materials and Methods: A prospective series of 74 consecutive patients (average age: 57.6 +/- 8.1 years) with simple renal cysts were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into two groups and 95% ethanol or 20% HS, respectively, corresponding to 25% of the aspiration volume, was injected. Treatment success was determined six months later with follow-up clinical evaluation and performing ultrasonography. Results: The sclerotherapy was accepted as technically successful without major complications in all except two patients who were excluded because of a communication between the simple renal cyst and the pelvicalyceal collecting system. Thirty-six patients in the ethanol group received sclerotherapy with 95% ethanol and 36 patients in the HS group underwent sclerotherapy with 20% HS. The complete regression ratio of the ethanol group was significantly higher (94% versus 72%, respectively) than that of the HS group. There was one patient with partial regression in each group. The failure ratio of the ethanol group was significantly lower (3% versus 25%, respectively) than that of the HS group. Conclusion: Ethanol sclerotherapy under CT guidance is a successful and safe procedure and it can be used for the treatment of simple renal cysts. Sclerotherapy with 95% ethanol is more effective than 20% HS sclerotherapy. Sclerotherapy with HS may be an option for patients preferring to undergo a less painful treatment procedure.