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In order to emulate a composer-based approach to musical writing, the paper aims to to create of a new musical synthesis model based on gestalt matrices. The approach is described in three different levels: - a sound model: all instruments have their own interface and have specific roles within a musical composition. Every instrument typology is unique, and composers write for specific instrumental characteristics; - an action model: every performer has different ways to interact with the instrument itself. Each instrument is a powerful sound provider. The action performed on the instrument has the function of "choosing" which particular sound model to play; - a score model: every musical staff has specific functions in the score and represents a certain contribution to the outcome which is related to macro-structure analysis. A self-generating matrix, described by use of patterns, is applied to these basic concepts, thus giving them personal stochastic behaviors and creating a comparison system to reduce data processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Histopathologic studies of diabetic choroid suggest that diabetic choroidopathy is a key aspect secondary to diabetes. Recently, hyperreflective choroidal foci (HCF) have been introduced as novel optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameter. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify HCF in diabetic subjects with retinopathy, with or without diabetic macular edema (DME). Eighty-five diabetic subjects with different degrees of DR were enrolled: 37 without DME and 48 with DME. All subjects underwent full ophthalmologic examination including spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT images were analyzed to quantify and localize HCF. Each image was analyzed by two independent, masked examiners. OCT images showed that all subjects (100%) had HCF in the different layers of the choroid. The number of HCF was significantly higher in diabetics with DME versus those without DME (p < 0.0001). HCF showed variable size, shape and location inside the choroid. They were mainly located in choriocapillaris and Sattler's layer, on the edges of blood vessels. The intraobserver and interobserver agreement was almost perfect (ICC >0.9). This study suggests that hyperreflective foci in the choroid of subjects with DR may be accurately identified with structural OCT. Their number significantly increases with the progression of DME. These HCF may represent, as in the retina, a sign of infiltration of inflammatory cells (mainly migrating microglia) into the choroid, according to the hypothesis raised by Jerry Lutty. HCF may confirm in vivo the histopathologic findings suggesting that diabetic choroidopathy may be primarily a neuroinflammatory disorder., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no relevant conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)