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The article examines the phraseological units of the Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian languages with phraseologisms-entonyms; it was found that in the phraseological systems of East Slavic languages there are many stable compounds with the names of insects (entonyms), the world of which is extremely rich and diverse; it was noted that they clearly show the features of the national mentality, refl ect the specifi cs of worldview, thinking of the Eastern Slavs; Although most phraseological units with an entomonym component have the same semantics in East Slavic languages, each of them reveals specifi cs regarding the functioning of phraseological units. The purpose of the article is to analyze the phraseological units’ structure with entomonymic component, represented in modern phraseological dictionaries of Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian, in a comparative aspect; to single out the phraseologisms-entonyms, the meanings of which is closely connected with the cultural and historical traditions of the people. The results of the study showed that comparative linguistic and cultural analysis allows us to state that entonyms in the East Slavic phraseological space are a powerful factor in forming the national image of the world; interlingual comparison of the structure of phrases with the phraseology-entomonym refl ects mainly negative connotations, which mainly characterize any quality of a person - his intellect, actions, behavior, appearance, shortcomings of character. For the future, there remains the analysis of stable expressions with a phraseologeme-entomonym in East Slavic languages in the linguoculturological aspect, their further interlingual comparison and the discovery in them of differences and common features associated with the peculiarities of refl ecting the mentality of a particular people.

The article aims at performing linguistic and cognitive analysis of the concept nation in the historical establishment of the Ukrainian political thought. The study represents the evolution of the concept semantics as one of the crucial components in the political sphere. It points out the tight connection between the meaning of the concept and the historical establishment of the Ukrainian political thought by means of cognitive and discursive approach. Linguocognitological analysis based on interdisciplinary phonetic material enabled to trace the multidimensional a nd dynamic character of the conceptual notion, its natural semantic amorphousness. The political features of the researched phenomena defi nes its character, while the process of nation creation is permanent. Thus, defi ning of the concept nation is always in progress. Observation of the semantic evolution of the concept ethnos into the concept nation makes possible to realize the mechanism of the development of ethnos into nation – as “a way to ourselves”, to our statehood

There were determined the features of the poetic text with strong positions in its composition. There were found out and added the defi nitions of non-equivalency phenomenon in lexical system of modern Ukrainian. The non-equivalent lexicon in poetic text was investigated and determined as one type of strong positions on the basis of the analysis of poetic contexts. The comparisons of other language contexts helped to fi nd out a compositional role of non-equivalent lexicon in the poetic text as a strong position which creates ethic-cultural picture of the world within the borders of a poetic model, as well as non-equivalent lexical unit in asymmetrical relations with other dominants of the text. The found out specifi c character of non-equivalent lexical units determines the peculiarity of their translation.

The article deals with the axiological and modal parameters of the evaluation of a woman as a personality as a speaker of the beautiful sex of mankind with the help of characterizing means of language: aphorisms of various types, winged sayings, proverbs, sayings, etc. It is proved that a woman is the engine of progress, the basis and cause of all that happens in society, as well as the object of love and a doration. A woman is perceived and evaluated by the following parameters: appearance;as an object of love and deifi cation; manner of behavior, due to features of the character and properties of the psyche; as a guardian of the home hearth; female luck; role in society. In the circle of aphoristic expressions and winged expressions associated with the fi rst position in this series of categorical features, two subgroups are clearly distinguished: a) not personifi ed, the general characteristic of a woman as a generalized subject; b) a personifi ed score having its addressee and that, due to the accuracy and expressiveness of its verbalization, became a winged one. In all the variety of phraseological units (idioms, phrases, proverbs, sayings, aphorisms, linguistic stamps, winged sentences and literary citations), as well as in units of text, the image of the beautiful sex of mankind in different times and epochs is drawn up, fi xed and preserved for the descendants. In them, the characteristic features of a woman are refl ected not only in general sense content, but also in the features of its individual mental system, magnetized by emotions and intentions, as well as its value relation to the surrounding and to itself. Verbal complexes of different types verbalize the image of women as a source and carrier of forming tendencies of general cultural and social development through the prism of national-cultural specifics.

Facial width-to height ratio (fWHR), presumed to be shaped by testosterone during puberty, has been linked with aggressive, dominant, and power-seeking behavioral traits in adult males, although the causal mediation is still being disputed. To investigate the role of mere observer attribution bias in the association, we instructed participants to draw, feature-assemble, or photo-edit faces of fictitious males with aggressive-dominant character (compared with peaceloving-submissive), or powerful social status (compared with powerless). Across three studies involving 1,100 modeled faces in total, we observed little evidence for attribution bias with regards to facial width. Only in the photo-edited faces did character condition seem to affect fWHR; this difference, however, relied on displayed state emotions, not on static facial features. Anger, in particular, was expressed by lowered or V-shaped eyebrows, whereby facial height was reduced so that fWHR increased, relative to the comparison condition where the opposite happened. Using Bayesian analyses and equivalence testing, we confirmed that, in the absence of state emotionality, there was no effect of character condition on facial width. Our results add to a number of recent studies stressing the role of emotion overgeneralization in the association of fWHR with personality traits, an attributional bias that may give rise to a self-fulfilling prophecy. Methodologically, we infer that static images may be of limited use for investigations of fWHR because they cannot sufficiently differentiate between transient muscular activation and identity-related bone structures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

In this paper, for each of six families of three-valued \begin{document}$ m $\end{document} -sequence correlation, we construct an infinite family of five-weight codes from trace codes over the ring \begin{document}$ R = \mathbb{F}_2+u\mathbb{F}_2 $\end{document} , where \begin{document}$ u^2 = 0. $\end{document} The trace codes have the algebraic structure of abelian codes. Their Lee weight distribution is computed by using character sums. Their support structure is determined. An application to secret sharing schemes is given. The parameters of the binary image are \begin{document}$ [2^{m+1}(2^m-1),4m,2^{m}(2^m-2^r)] $\end{document} for some explicit \begin{document}$ r. $\end{document}

Some valuable results over rings have a promising utilization in coding theory and error-correcting code theory. In this paper, we study character sums over a certain non-chain ring and their applications in codebooks. There are two major ingredients in this study. The first ingredient is to investigate Gaussian sums, hyper Eisenstein sums, Jacobi sums over a certain non-chain ring and study the properties of these character sums. For their applications, the second ingredient is to present three classes of asymptotically optimal codebooks with respect to the Welch bound and a family of optimal codebooks with respect to the Levenshtein bound, which are constructed from character sums over a certain non-chain ring.

This study aims to research Luwu's oral literary work on the character of the story based on the Levi-Strauss analysis model. "Saliwu, Pahlawan Suku Padoe" is one of the literary works of the Luwu community which is full of values and concepts of life, delivered orally, and passed down from generation to generation to speakers. This story tells about a great king's who struggle with high self-esteem against the oppression of other ethnic group who wished to dominate and colonize their region. In addition, the story can be a source of advice and learning for posterity for the provision of the coming day so that it does not get lost. This story also intends to introduce a character who is described as a great hero and highly respected. He is willing to be held captive and die in exile rather than betraying his people who uphold custom. The theory used is Levi-Strauss with descriptive analysis method. The results found indicate that there is structured relationship between elements in the story and social conditions in the community.

Many organizations in the public, private, and not-for-profit sectors have begun to take action to address the systemic racism entrenched in their processes, systems, and structures. This has included commitments to elevate initiatives for equity, diversity, and inclusion. Data indicates that such good faith efforts are often not as successful as leaders and organizations had envisioned. Our assertion is that if we really want to address systemic racism in organizations, we must first attend to the people who work there. This is because their individual and collective character, revealed through behavior, drives and determines organizational processes, systems, structures, and culture. The purpose of this paper is to connect character to the creation and sustainment of organizational cultures of equity, diversity, and inclusion with a specific focus on anti-Black racism. Character is not a subjective, amorphous entity but manifests as a set of observable behaviors. We explain that character equips people with consciousness and the conduct to embrace and cultivate equity, diversity, and inclusion in their organizations and their lives. We provide concrete examples of the dimensions of character in action using brief illustrations.

Let π be a cuspidal representation of GL 2 ( A Q ) defined by a non-CM holomorphic newform of weight w ≥ 2 , and let K / Q be a totally real Galois extension with Galois group G. In this article, under Selberg's orthogonality conjecture, we show that for any irreducible character χ of G, the twisted symmetric power L-function L ( s , Sym m π × χ ) is a primitive function in the Selberg class, and it is automorphic subject to further the solvability of K / Q . The key new idea is to apply the work of Barnet-Lamb, Geraghty, Harris, and Taylor on the potential automorphy of Sym m π .

We generalize Birch's construction of the Heegner points on X 0 ( N ) to construct new points X 1 ( N ) (and therefore construct points on the abelian varieties associated to J 1 ( N ) ). Then, we show that these points form an Euler system, and we improve Kolyvagin's Euler system techniques to show that for our point P τ K / c and any ring class character χ of the extended ring class field of conductor c satisfying χ = χ ‾ , if P τ K / c χ is non-torsion and G K → Aut A f [ π ] is surjective, then the corank of Sel ( A χ / K ) is 1, which implies the rank of A f ( K ) χ is 1.

Several operators have emerged in the framework of Choquet integral with the purpose of simultaneously generalizing weighted means and ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators. However, on many occasions, not enough attention has been paid to whether the constructed operators behaved similarly to the weighted means and OWA operators that have been generalized. In this sense, it seems necessary that these new operators preserve the weights assigned to the information sources (which are established through the weighting vector associated with the weighted mean) and that they are able to rule out extreme values (which is an important characteristic of OWA operators). In this paper we analyze a family of operators recently introduced in the literature through the Crescent Method. First, we introduce a broad class of weighting vectors that allow us to guarantee that the games generated with the Crescent Method are capacities. Next we analyze the conjunctive/disjunctive character of the Choquet integrals associated with these capacities and we also give closed-form expressions of some tolerance and importance indices such as k-conjunctiveness/disjunctiveness indices, the veto and favor indices, and the Shapley values. Finally, we give two examples to show the usefulness of the results obtained.

This article aims to reconstruct the word “west” in Old Chinese phonology. In previous studies, since there was no sufficient evidence besides Chinese dialects, phonetic compounds, and phonetic loans, most scholars reconstructed its onset as *s-. One of the oldest dictionaries, Shuōwén jiězì 說文解字, includes two other written forms of 西 xī “west,” 卥 (Gǔwén 古文) and 卤 (Zhòuwén 籀文). This paper re-examines the reconstruction of the word 西 xī “west” and investigates the word 訊 xùn “to interrogate” seen in excavated documents. According to the Shuōwén, 訊 xùn also had another written form ( ), which has the old form of 西 xī (卥). In other words, 西 xī and 訊 xùn must have had Xiéshēng connections (諧聲關係) at the time. Based on the resources from excavated documents such as oracle bone inscriptions and bronze scripts, 訊 xùn credibly has the character 人 rén as the phonetic element. This implies that 訊 xùn should have had the onset *sn- at the time; hence, it is concluded that the word “west” also had the onset *snˤ- in Old Chinese as well.

Finding relevant objects in a large repository is a fundamental research problem occurring in many applications, such as: data cleaning, data integration, web search, and information retrieval. Instant type-ahead fuzzy search, where user types her query character by character and find the top-k relevant objects, has become widely involved in many applications because it provides the users with rapid response results and improves the user’s experience. The state-of-the-art algorithms are generally inefficient due to their breadth first search algorithm that results in repeated computations. To this end, we propose a novel depth-oriented instant type-ahead fuzzy search algorithm, that largely avoids repeated computations. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach are empirically demonstrated using real-world datasets. Experimental results show that our approach is 5–10 times faster than state-of-the-art approaches.

Allport’s (1927) distinction of personality devaluated (personality) and personality evaluated (character) can still be found in today’s psychological landscape. The present study compares the Five-Factor Model of personality and the VIA-classification of character strengths across two methods (self- and peer-reports) and across two levels of abstraction (domains/factors and scales/facets). A sample of 152 participants and 152 peer-raters completed the NEO-Personality Inventory Revised and the VIA Inventory of Strength. Personality and character were found to strongly overlap, yet the different operationalizations were rarely redundant (except for 3 personality facets). Multitrait-multimethod analyses mostly supported the convergent and discriminant validity of personality and character. Interpersonal strengths (e.g., teamwork) and abstract character factors lacked discriminant validity to personality facets. The present investigation contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between personality and character and provides an impetus for future research on the “virtue gap” between devaluated and evaluated personality traits.

In the current literary realm, literary texts that present natural destruction events implicitly or explicitly are called apocalyptic literature. The main characteristic of apocalyptic literature is the emergence of characters who have heroic characters. The Kelomang novel written by Qizink La Aziva was chosen because it is one of the novel texts that does not only make the environment the setting, but also makes the environment a part of the story. The story in the Kelomang novel is characterized by apocalyptic. This study aims to find the environmental vision of Saija's character in the Kelomang novel by Qizink La Aziva. This study uses an ecocritical approach to apocalyptic literature. The data source of this research is the text of the Kelomang novel by Qizink La Aziva published by PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama in Jakarta in 2016. The data in this study is a text fragment of the Kelomang novel by Qizink La Aziva which allegedly contains Saija's environmental vision. The result of this research is that Saija has a vision of the environment to save the environment from the increasingly severe impacts of environmental damage, especially in his area, namely Banten.

Bogotá tiene un diseño normativo propio, distinto de las demás entidades territoriales en Colombia. Esto se debe a su carácter de capital de la república y del departamento de Cundinamarca y a sus complejidades socioeconómicas y físicas. Sin embargo, aunque este diseño es claro, en algunos aspectos existen imprecisiones en el uso del lenguaje que han conducido a una aplicación incompleta y a críticas y reclamaciones que desbordan tanto el modelo mismo como las opciones de configuración presentes en el marco institucional. Con el fin de dilucidar esta confusión, este artículo explora, por un lado, el diseño y, por otro, las particularidades de su aplicación. Asimismo, tomando en cuenta el debate, el marco normativo y las posibilidades de su reconfiguración, se describen las diferentes alternativas de rediseño para la ciudad a partir de los distintos fenómenos administrativos y de asociatividad territorial que forman parte de nuestro ordenamiento administrativo y de las experiencias de organización de algunas de las ciudades latinoamericanas más importantes

Optical Character Recognition OCR is an essential part of many real-world applications such as digital archiving, automatic number plate recognition, handle cheques, etc. However, developing an OCR for printed Arabic text is still a challenging and open research field due to the special characteristics of Arabic cursive script. In this paper, we propose a segmentation-based, omnifont, open-vocabulary OCR for printed Arabic text. The proposed approach doesn’t require an explicit font type recognition stage. It uses an explicit, indirect character segmentation method. The presented segmentation method is baseline dependent and employs a hybrid, three-steps character segmentation algorithm to handle the problem of character overlapping. Besides, it uses a set of topological features that are designed and generalized to make the segmentation approach font independent. The segmented characters are fed as an input to a convolutional neural network for feature extraction and recognition. The APTID-MF data set has been used for testing and evaluation. The average accuracy of the proposed segmentation stage is 95%, while the average accuracy of the recognition stage is 99.97%. The whole approach achieves an average accuracy of 95% without using font-type recognition or any post-processing techniques.

In southern Alaska, Wrangellia-type magnetic crustal character extends from the Talkeetna Mountains southwest through the Alaska Range to the Bristol Bay region. Magnetic data analyses in the Talkeetna Mountains showed that there are mid-crustal differences in the magnetic properties of Wrangellia and the Peninsular terrane. After converting total field magnetic anomaly data to magnetic potential, we applied Fourier filtering techniques to remove magnetic responses from deep and shallow sources. The resulting mid-crustal magnetic characterization delineates the regional magnetic potential domains that correspond to the Wrangellia and Peninsular terranes throughout southern Alaska. These magnetic potential domains show that Wrangellia-type crust extends southwest to the Iliamna Lake region and that it overlaps the mapped Peninsular terrane. Upon reconsidering geologic ties between Wrangellia, Peninsular, and Alexander terranes, we conclude that Peninsular terrane is part of what we here call Western Wrangellia. Western Wrangellia contains the Lower Jurassic Talkeetna volcanic arc and is similar to Wrangellia of the Vancouver Island area, Canada (Southern Wrangellia), which contains the Lower Jurassic Bonanza volcanic arc. Others have previously made this correlation and proposed that the Talkeetna arc-bearing part of southern Alaska was displaced from the Bonanza arc-bearing part of Canada. We generally agree and propose that about 1000 km of dextral displacement along ancestral Border Ranges fault segments and other faults of south-central Alaska separated Western Wrangellia from Southern Wrangellia. We think this displacement was mostly in the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous, perhaps between about 160 and 130 Ma.

This study compares the German versions of the original measure of character strengths (VIA-IS) with its latest revision (VIA-IS-R) regarding reliability and convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity. A sample of 499 German-speaking adults (79% women, mean age: 33.3 years) provided self-reports of character strengths (VIA-IS, VIA-IS-R) and several criteria: Core virtues, thriving, and moral behaviors. Results suggested that both measures showed satisfactory internal consistency and converged well in a multitrait-multimethod analysis. Further, both measures were comparable regarding their relationships with the criteria. Overall, the results of the current study suggest that both questionnaires are reliable and valid, and that findings based on these instruments can be considered highly comparable.

Character strengths are assessed in adults and adolescents using different measurements. However, a comparison of character strengths across age groups requires the equivalence of these measurements. The present study examined the comparability of the two questionnaires most frequently used in research: The VIA Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) for adults and the VIA Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA-Youth). A sample of N=170 high-school students in the age of about 18 years and up to two informants (N=164 mostly parents; N=156 mostly friends and partners) completed both character strengths questionnaires and several well-being questionnaires. The psychometric characteristics and the correlations with well-being scales were examined once exclusively on the basis of self-rating and once on the basis of combined self- and informant-ratings. Substantial differences between the questionnaires were found in each of the criteria examined (e.g., identification of signature strengths, or largest associations with well-being). The results indicate that VIA-IS and VIA-Youth measure character strengths differently, so that a comparison across age groups may lead to biased conclusions. Therefore, differences in character strengths between adults and adolescents should not be exclusively interpreted in terms of differences on the trait level as these differences may be caused by non-equivalent questionnaires.

We demonstrate analytically and numerically that the transverse spatial coherence (the spectral degree of coherence) of the field radiated by two partially correlated electromagnetic sources oscillates as a function of propagation distance in free space. In particular, it is possible for its magnitude to completely collapse to zero on propagation, and then return again to unity at a further distance. Our results are a direct demonstration of the wave character of the optical correlation functions. A similar oscillatory effect occurs for the degree of polarization.

Motivated by a question of A. Bachle, we prove that if the field of values of any irreducible character of a finite group G is imaginary quadratic or rational, then the field generated by the character table Q ( G ) / Q is an extension of degree bounded in terms of the largest alternating group that appears as a composition factor of G. In order to prove this result, we extend a theorem of J. Tent on quadratic rational solvable groups to nonsolvable groups.

In this work, a new method for hand character gesture recognition based on a single millimetre‐wave radar chip is proposed. Most current radar‐based gesture recognition approaches use Doppler spectrograms or the feature extraction of Doppler spectrograms. In contrast, the authors propose using the trajectory points of gesture movements. Compared with the previous methods, the variations in the gesture movement speed, distance and direction during data acquisition have relatively little impact on the generated trajectories. The character trajectories drawn by gestures in the air output a fixed shape, and this fixed output facilitates the classification of gestures at a later stage. In this work, a single millimetre‐wave radar is used to collect data and a three‐dimensional fast Fourier Transform (3D‐FFT) algorithm is used to obtain the gesture trajectories. For the trajectory points, a trajectory conversion image method is proposed and finally the improved Xception network proposed in this work is used for image recognition. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method does not require large‐scale data acquisition to facilitate different users. This work is concluded by recognising hand character gestures and comparing them with other commonly used classification methods to verify the gesture recognition accuracy of the proposed method.

Creating realistic characters that can react to the users’ or another character’s movement can benefit computer graphics, games and virtual reality hugely. However, synthesizing such reactive motions in human–human interactions is a challenging task due to the many different ways two humans can interact. While there are a number of successful researches in adapting the generative adversarial network (GAN) in synthesizing single human actions, there are very few on modeling human–human interactions. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised GAN system that synthesizes the reactive motion of a character given the active motion from another character. Our key insights are two-fold. First, to effectively encode the complicated spatial–temporal information of a human motion, we empower the generator with a part-based long short-term memory (LSTM) module, such that the temporal movement of different limbs can be effectively modeled. We further include an attention module such that the temporal significance of the interaction can be learned, which enhances the temporal alignment of the active–reactive motion pair. Second, as the reactive motion of different types of interactions can be significantly different, we introduce a discriminator that not only tells if the generated movement is realistic or not, but also tells the class label of the interaction. This allows the use of such labels in supervising the training of the generator. We experiment with the SBU, the HHOI and the 2C datasets. The high quality of the synthetic motion demonstrates the effective design of our generator, and the discriminability of the synthesis also demonstrates the strength of our discriminator.

Let $\mathit{\Pi}$ be a cohomological irreducible cuspidal automorphic representation of ${\rm GL}_2(\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb F})$ with central character $\omega_{\mathit{\Pi}}$ over a totally real number field ${\mathbb F}$. In this paper, we prove the algebraicity of the near central non-critical value of the symmetric fourth $L$-function of $\mathit{\Pi}$ twisted by $\omega_{\mathit{\Pi}}^{-2}$. The algebraicity is expressed in terms of the Petersson norm of the normalized newform of $\mathit{\Pi}$ and the top degree Whittaker period of the Gelbart-Jacquet lift ${\rm Sym}^2\mathit{\Pi}$ of $\mathit{\Pi}$.

People often make judgments of others' moral character - an inferred moral essence that presumably predicts moral behavior. We first define moral character and explore why people make character judgments before outlining three key elements that drive character judgments: behavior (good vs. bad, norm violations, and deliberation), mind (intentions, explanations, capacities), and identity (appearance, social groups, and warmth). We also provide taxonomy of moral character that goes beyond simply good vs. evil. Drawing from the theory of dyadic morality, we outline a two-dimensional triangular space of character judgments (valence and strength/agency), with three key corners - heroes, villains, and victims. Varieties of perceived moral character include saints and demons, strivers/sinners and opportunists, the nonmoral, virtuous, and culpable victims, and pure victims.

Multiple studies employ consumers’ intentions rather than actual purchases when assessing organic food consumption. These studies typically suggest a green bias in organic market share. Employing reactance and construal level theory, this research investigates the impact of one’s social distance to the character depicted in ads (animal vs. human) and the temporal distance (present vs. future) toward organic animal husbandry on consumers’ purchase responses directly; indirectly, as related to the portrayed character; and generally to organic foods. Three 2 (temporal distance: low, high) × 2 (social distance: low, high) between-subjects experiments demonstrate that low social distance depicting humans rather than animals induces psychological reactance, which impedes purchase intentions of organic groceries, whereas ads featuring high social and temporal distance (depicting animals in an ideal future husbandry state) increase consumers’ purchase intentions and actual purchase behavior, even for products with no direct connection to the depicted character in the ads.

A person's gender is not a reliable predictor of their negotiation behavior or outcomes, because the degree and character of gender dynamics in negotiation vary across situations. Systematic effects of gender on negotiation are best predicted by situational characteristics that cue gendered behavior or increase reliance on gendered standards for agreement. In this review, we illuminate two levers that heighten or constrain the potential for gender effects in organizational negotiations: ( a) the salience and relevance of gender within the negotiating context and ( b) the degree of ambiguity (i.e., lack of objective standards or information) with regard to what is negotiable, how to negotiate, or who the parties are as negotiators. In our summary, we review practical implications of this research for organizational leaders and individuals who are motivated to reduce gender-based inequities in negotiation outcomes. In conclusion, we suggest future directions for research on gender in organizational negotiations.

Characters segmentation is a necessity and the most critical stage in Arabic OCR system. It has attracted the interest of a wide range of researchers. However, the nature of the Arabic cursive script poses extra challenges that need further investigation. Therefore, having a reliable and efficient Arabic OCR system that is independent of font variations is highly required. In this paper, an indirect, font-in dependent word and character segmentation algorithm for printed Arabic text investigated. The proposed algorithm takes a binary line image as an input and produces a set of binary images consisting of one character or ligature as an output. The segmentation performed at two levels: a word segmentation performed in the first level, by employing a vertical projection at the input line image along with using Interquartile Range (IQR) method to differentiate between word gaps and within word gaps. A projection profile method used as a second level of segmentation along with a set of statistical and topological features, which are font-independent, to identify the correct segmentation points from all potential points. The APTI dataset used to test the proposed algorithm with a variety of font type, size, and style. The algorithm experimented on 1800 lines (approximately 24,816 words) with an average accuracy of 97.7% for words segmentation and 97.51% for characters segmentation.

The author presents a method to simulate facial character development by accumulating an expressive history onto a face. The model analytically combines facial features from Paul Ekman’s seven universal facial expressions using a simple Markov chain algorithm. The output is a series of 3D digital faces created in Blender with Python. The results show that systematically imprinting features from emotional expressions onto a neutral face transforms it into one with distinct character. This method could be applied to creative works that depend on character creation, ranging from figurative sculpture to game design, and allows the creator to incorporate chance into the creative process. The author demonstrates the method’s application to sculpture with ceramic casts of generated faces.

Courts frequently depart from Federal Rule of Evidence 404, which prohibits evidence of a person’s prior acts to prove that the person acted according to a certain character or propensity. This leads to verdicts that are unpredictable and based on behavior not at issue in a case. I develop a theory of “aggregation evidence,” which draws on principles of estimation and data aggregation in statistics and ties together evidence from a broad range of contexts. I apply this theory to analyze the effects of character evidence on accuracy, and to understand why and when courts depart from the rule against character evidence. I show that a type of character evidence that I call “objective-chance evidence” stands apart from other forms of character evidence in its ability to improve accuracy. I then argue that a formal exception for this type of evidence may hold the key to a more coherent rule. An earlier version of this article can be found at the following address on the author page at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3664837.

The main purpose of this paper is using the properties of the classical Gauss sums and the analytic methods to study the computational problem of one kind of character sums analogous to high dimensional Kloosterman sums, and give some interesting identities for it.

European liberals have viewed themselves as the avatars of the rational individual as opposed to the mob or tyrant. Faced with the populist, democratic, and egalitarian character of US society, Ame...

This paper proposes a framework combing a fully convolutional network with broad learning system for license plate recognition. The fully convolutional network, which is designed as a pixel-level two-class classification method, is proposed for random-positioned object detection by the fusion of multi-scale and hierarchical features. For character segmentation, a trained AdaBoost cascade classifier is employed to locate a key character representing for an administrative area. We design a symmetric region horizontal projection method to estimate the license plate slant angles, and an approach based on vertical projection without hyphens to solve the problem of touching characters. For character recognition, the broad learning system with stacked auto-encoder of mapped feature nodes is proposed, and two structures are explored to recognize letters and digits, respectively. Experiments conducted on Macau license plates show that the proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art approaches. The compatibility and generality can be expected by applying the proposed method to other regions or countries.

The methodology used in this research is qualitative using descriptive method. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis management technique went throught three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclution drawing, and data validy assurance techniques were participation extension, observation persistenceand triangulation.The results showed that the teacher’s role in fostering the character of students, especially PAI teacher’s at Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Darul Hasan Padangsidimpuan was to provide good guidance and directions to students, to set themselves as good role models so that students get good feedback in everyday life, provide real examples both during and outside of leaning, and function as an advisor for children because the main function of a teacher is not only to transfer of knowladge but also to strive for students to have faith, morals and noble character towards Allah SWT such as praying before and after studying, praying duha in congregation, praying dzuhur in congregation, memorizing short suras, hadist, and daily prayers. Then the second, character towards oneself includes honestly, discipline, and manners. And the factor that becomes an obstacle in character building in this school is the family factor, namely parants, self and environmental factors.

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of imperative statements used in various situations of communication. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main imperative constructions in the context of the speech behavior of the linguistic personality of the main character of a literary text. The method of comparative analysis allows identify the features of the functioning of incentive tactics. This article is an overview of the research available in linguistics on issues related to imperativeness. A broad view of the concept of imperative allows to go beyond the established definitions and expand the field of modality of a literary text. The work examines the main semantic groups that clearly characterize the literary character as a linguistic person. The analysis of imperative incentive statements is viewed through the prism of purposeful communicative activity. A variety of means and ways of expressing imperative statements in the speech of the main character provide an opportunity to differentiate semantic nuances. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time on the material of the modern Russian novel The Geographer Drank His Globe Away by A. Ivanov, the main classes of expression of the semantics of motivation are analyzed. The study identified imperative and non-imperative, but expressing the urge to action, statements, means of lowering the imperative. The lexico-grammatical and syntactic constructions used in the speech of the main character, most common in pedagogical and everyday discourses, are analyzed. The research results are presented as a functional-semantic space.

The intention is to explain some aspects of hybridization of language consciousness in this literary work. The aim of the study is to clarify the issue of a word in the novel, which was updated by M.M. Bakhtin. The general thesis is that the tendency to hybridization explains the juxtaposition of serious and funny within the characters utterance: the border between prosaic reality and the characters own world is found precisely when he turns to jokes. The speech of the character indicates a tendency to aestheticize the household environment. This trend leads to a high-intensity hybridization of everyday words and Holy Scripture . The novel The Winter of Our Discontent is more than a didactic literary work and reveals some features of the picaresque novel, but the necessary feature of the picaresque novel is the first-person narrative. Instead of this form of narration the character and the narrators points of view are brought closer together in the novel by J. Steinbeck. The literary work with the features of the picaresque novel remains multidimensional and does not reduce only to one of the existing novel forms, and typologically is rather anti-picaresque. The characters buffoonery gives him the right to detachment, due to which the skewed nature of other characters in the novel is overcome. The language hybridization in this work plays a key role in understanding of the novel.

The symbol $\mathcal{S}(X)$ denotes the hyperspace of finite unions of convergent sequences in a Hausdorff space $X$. This hyperspace is endowed with the Vietoris topology. First of all, we give a characterization of convergent sequence in $\mathcal{S}(X)$. Then we consider some cardinal invariants on $\mathcal{S}(X)$, and compare the character, the pseudocharacter, the $sn$-character, the $so$-character, the network weight and $cs$-network weight of $\mathcal{S}(X)$ with the corresponding cardinal function of $X$. Moreover, we consider rank $k$-diagonal on $\mathcal{S}(X)$, and give a space $X$ with a rank 2-diagonal such that $S(X)$ does not have any $G_{\delta}$-diagonal. Further, we study the relations of some generalized metric properties of $X$ and its hyperspace $\mathcal{S}(X)$. Finally, we pose some questions about the hyperspace $\mathcal{S}(X)$., Comment: 21

The Ramsar Convention text requires the Contracting Parties to respond to actual or potential changes in the ‘ecological character’ of their Ramsar Sites. After some years, the Convention’s obligations relating to the conservation of these sites and to the ‘wise use’ of wetlands in general came to be defined in terms of ‘maintaining’ this character. Defining and operationalising these concepts has been complex. This paper reviews the evolution of this, and the challenges that remain in relation to issues such as choosing an appropriate baseline condition to describe, the kinds of changes that warrant a response and situations of natural fluctuation or ‘regime shift’, where ‘maintaining’ ecological character may be an unduly static aim. The ‘character’ of wetlands nevertheless remains a valuably integrative concept, preserving something of the holistic vision developed 50 years ago by the Convention’s founders.

The Greek citizenship model, for its biggest part, has been on the ethnocultural path. In 2010, the ethnocultural character of Greek citizenship became antagonized by Law 3838/2010. According to th...

How viewers form dispositions toward narrative characters is a central question of affective disposition theory. Two routes are explained by current models: Schema activation, whereby viewers’ disp...

W artykule przedstawiono losy ośmiu osób, które nie skorzystały z amnestii w kwietniu 1956 r. i nadal ukrywały się z bronią w ręku przed komunistycznym aparatem represji. Wszyscy oni byli członkami polskiego podziemia niepodległościowego, działając w jego szeregach już w czasie okupacji niemieckiej. Lektura tekstu pozwala poznać charakter ich działalności po kwietniu 1956 r. i odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy miała ona charakter antykomunistyczny, czy raczej „przetrwania”.

Epipunctae are microscopic perforations that do not penetrate the shell but are confined to the outer layers of the shell. They have been known previously only in the orthidine family Plaesiomyidae. The striated walls of epipunctae are considered unique to brachiopods and thus of significance for the study of stem-group brachiopod. In this study, we report the first occurrence of epipunctae in a non-plaesiomyid brachiopod based on a well-preserved external mould of Cathaysiorthis yushanensis from the lower Silurian Shiyang Formation of Jiangxi, southeastern China. The species belongs to the Family Cathaysiorthidae which differs from the Family Plaesiomyidae in many aspects especially in dorsal internal structures. The new data imply that epipunctae may be more widespread in orthide brachiopods than previously thought, strengthening the notion that this is a plesiomorphic character of the brachiopod shell. The discovery of epipunctae, however, depends on excellent preservation of the outer surface of the shells as well as careful cleaning and observation.

Serre and Stark succeeded in deciding a basis of the space of modular forms of weight 1/2 over the rational number field. Achimescu and Saha generalized their result to the case of modular forms of weight 1/2 over totally real algebraic number fields. Gove also solved this problem in the case of modular forms of weight 1/2 over imaginary quadratic fields. In this paper, we determine an explicit basis of the space of modular forms of weight 1/2, level c and character ψ over algebraic number fields. We prove our assertion using their arguments and Shimura's transformation formula of theta series over algebraic number fields.

In 1896 Frobenius showed that many important properties of a finite group could in principle be examined using formulas involving the character ratios of group elements, i.e., the trace of the element acting in a given irreducible representation, divided by the dimension of the representation. In recent years, the current authors introduced the notion of rank of an irreducible representation of a finite classical group. One of the motivations for studying rank was to clarify the nature of character ratios for certain elements in these groups. In fact, two notions of rank were given. The first is the Fourier theoretic based notion of U -rank of a representation, which comes up when one looks at its restrictions to certain abelian unipotent subgroups. The second is the more algebraic based notion of tensor rank which comes up naturally when one attempts to equip the representation ring of the group with a grading that reflects the central role played by the few “smallest” possible representations of the group. Following numerical and theoretical evidences, we conjectured that the two notions of rank agree on a suitable collection called “low rank” representations. In this note we review the development of the theory of rank for the case of the general linear group G L n over a finite field F q , and give a proof of the “agreement conjecture” that holds true for sufficiently large q . Our proof is Fourier theoretic in nature, and uses a certain curious positivity property of the Fourier transform of the set of m × n matrices over F q of low enough fixed rank. In order to make the story we are trying to tell clear, we choose in this note to follow a particular example that shows how one might apply the theory of rank to certain counting problems.

The social transformations of crime and punishment in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries challenge traditional conceptions of criminal propensity and character. A life-cour...