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The basis of the paradoxical reversal of temperature perception commonly described in ciguatera poisoning has never been defined. The sensations experienced are described as tingling, burning, 'dry ice-like', smarting, and 'electric'. Studies have demonstrated that these types of sensations are generated in C-polymodal nociceptor libers in skin and deep structures and the intensity of these sensations depends on the intensity of discharge in these fibers Ciguatoxin causes persistent sodium channel opening in nerve membrane resulting in oscillations in membrane potentials and runs of spontaneolis discharges. Studies on ciguatera victims in which their hands were immersed in water baths ranging from 0 [degrees] C to 50 [degrees] C, suggest the paradoxical sensory discomfort experienced is, most likely, a result of an exaggerated and intense nerve depolarization occurring in peripheral small A-delta myelinated and in particular, C-polymodal nociceptor fibers. Gross temperature perception was found to be intact in ciguatera poisoning and reversal of temperature does not occur. (Key Words: ciguatera,- paradoxical sensation; pruritus; temperature perception; nociceptor physiology; C-polymodal fibers; A-delta fibers; fishes, poisonous., INTRODUCTION Ciguatera poisoning is the commonest form of ichthyosarcotoxism caused by the ingestion of a wide variety of tropical and inshore fish[1,2]. Toxic fish flesh contains minute amounts of several [...]