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An experiment was conducted for eight weeks, in a BFT system, to test different strategies for using effective microorganisms (AEM) in shrimp rearing. For that, five different treatments were tested. The treatments tested were: Control (commercial feed only), AEM in the feed (addition of AEM in the commercial feed), AEM in the water (addition of AEM directly in the rearing water), AEM in the feed and in the water (addition of AEM in the feed simultaneously with the addition of AEM in the water) and MA in the feed (addition of the microbiological activator-MA in the commercial feed, without adding microorganisms to the feed and water). The use of AEM or MA, although it did not affect the growth of the animals, stimulated the digestive process of the animals, allowing the required absorption of nutrients with a smaller intestinal area. Associated with this, the presence of AME or MA stimulated the immunological parameters of the animals and reduced the presence of Vibrio in the gut of the shrimp. The association of these factors meant that the survival of the animals that received the additives in the diet was substantially higher than the animals that did not receive the additives. The AEM supplementation strategies did not differ among themselves, and the producer could opt for the strategy of lower cost and/or less complexity of use, according to each specific case.

We aimed to identify the digestive microbiota of the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei, and characterize its structure in different seasons. Limnoperna fortunei specimens were sampled in winter (September 2019) and summer (March 2020) in five reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants in southern Brazil. In each reservoir, we sampled 15 individuals at three different points. We collected the digestive diverticulum and portions of the intestine for bacterial DNA extraction, and subsequently conducted metagenomic analysis. The intestinal microbial communities of L. fortunei occurring in the upper Uruguay River region showed significant differences during winter and summer. Although the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria were dominant regardless of the season, the microbial communities showed greater richness and bacterial diversity in the summer. Additionally, we found 143 species of bacteria in the digestive samples collected during both winter and summer, which may indicate a central microbial community for the species. The microbial communities in the digestive tract of L. fortunei showed greater bacterial richness and diversity in summer samples, which existed at a significantly higher temperature than those in winter samples. We observed seasonal variations in the microbiota of L. fortunei in the upper Uruguay River region, with increased bacterial richness and diversity in the digestive tract during summer, attributed to higher temperatures. However, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria consistently dominated the digestive tract of the golden mussel, regardless of seasonal fluctuations.

Introduction: Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry staining can assess the protein expression from NTRK gene fusions. A little is known about its utility in differentiated thyroid cancer samples from children, adolescents, and young adults patients. Objective: Investigate pan-TRK immunohistochemistry sensitivity and specificity in differentiated thyroid cancer samples from children, adolescents, and young adults patients. Methods: Tumor samples obtained from 79 children, adolescents, and young adults patients (age

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effects of xylanase (Xyl) individually or in combination with B. subtilis and B. licheniformis associated or not with yeast cell wall in pig diets with a reduction of 100 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy (ME) content. Pig performance, bone parameters, intestinal morphometry, and bioeconomic indices were evaluated. A total of 75 pigs (25 females and 50 barrows; 25.02±3.21 kg) obtained from crossing Large White × Landrace were used. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with five treatments and five blocks, totaling 25 experimental units subjected to treatments: basal diet (B); basal diet with reduction of 100 kcal/kg of ME (BEM); BEM with supplementation of xylanase (0.01%; BX); BX with supplementation of direct-fed microbials (composed of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis; 0.02%; BXM); and BX supplemented with 0.10% of symbiotic (which includes B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, and yeast cell wall; BXS). There were no differences in bone parameters. The BEM diet resulted in a lower villus height:crypt depth ratio in the jejunum than that seen upon using the BXS diet as feed. In the first period, pigs fed BEM diet had a 12% higher average daily feed intake than those fed the BXM diet. There were no differences in the pig performance during the second period. Over the total period, pigs fed BEM diet had greater FCR compared with pigs fed BXM diet. The inclusion of feed additives in diets with reduced ME content contributes to the maintenance of performance and characteristics of the metacarpus and jejunum of growing pigs and provides better bioeconomic indices.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pose a pervasive concern among nursing professionals due to the high physical workload. Simultaneously, the complex relationship between MSDs and mental health outcomes in this population remains an area of significant interest and importance. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of MSDs and their relationships with burnout and psychological suffering within the nursing workforce. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 involving 291 nursing professionals in Brazil. Standardized questionnaires were employed to gather information on MSDs, mental health outcomes, and pertinent work-related factors. Robust statistical analyses were conducted to ascertain the prevalence of MSDs, establish associations between MSDs and mental health outcomes, and delineate the influence of work-related factors on these associations. Statistical analysis was performed using the R software. Results: The study revealed a significant prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) among nursing workers, focusing on regions that include the lower back, upper back, neck, and shoulders. Individuals with MSIs in the lower back showed a marked increase in emotional exhaustion (p = 0.02), as did those with MSIs in the upper back (p

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of medication-induced delirium and drug-related problems (DRP) in older people hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A systematic review were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Ageline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases (until March 2023). Clinical trials and observational studies that investigated the contribution of medication in the occurrence of delirium and compared with critically ill older patients (aged≥65 years old) without the syndrome were included. We excluded emergency departments, medical wards, primary and secondary healthcare levels, patients with delirium tremens; metabolic encephalopathy; dementia; palliative care; and brain metastasis. The references were entered into Rayyan QCRI. Two pairs of reviewers selected the articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias (ROBINS-I). Results: Of 12,492 studies retrieved, after de-duplication exclusion (n=6,025), title/abstract (n=6,467) and full reading (n=286), two met the inclusion criteria. Both were observational (cohort), developed in high-income countries, with high level of risk of bias (overall). The frequency of delirium and subsyndromal delirium was 15.8% to 33.9%. Independent risk factors were the exposure of opioids and use of corticosteroids. Delirium increased the length of hospital stay in ICU, and the mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Further studies are necessary to understand the DRP and characteristics of pharmacotherapy associated with delirium in critically ill older people. Adverse drug reactions and deliriogenic load seem to contribute to the occurrence of syndrome.

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a adesão e a qualidade da técnica de higiene das mãos realizada por profissionais de saúde nos momentos preconizados e identificar os fatores impactantes. Métodos Estudo observacional, com 41 profissionais de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto de um hospital de ensino brasileiro. A coleta de dados foi de setembro a dezembro de 2021, utilizando questionário sociodemográfico e formulário de observação da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos de análise binomial e modelo de regressão logística de efeitos mistos e adotou-se nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados Um total de 1.055 oportunidades de Higiene das Mãos foram observadas, a taxa de adesão foi de 23,98% e pode-se verificar que os profissionais não executaram a técnica preconizada. O teste binomial verificou maior adesão aos momentos “após” quando comparados aos momentos “antes” (p< 0,001) e foi constatado impacto negativo do uso de luvas (p< 0,001). O modelo logístico reforçou a maior adesão nos momentos “após”. Ainda que a adesão esteja baixa entre todas as categorias profissionais, o modelo logístico demonstrou mais chances de higiene das mãos pelos enfermeiros. Conclusão A adesão à higiene das mãos foi consideravelmente baixa principalmente considerando a técnica adequada. Foi verificado impacto negativo do uso de luvas na adesão higiene das mãos. Os profissionais demonstraram maiores chances de aderirem a higiene das mãos nos momentos “após” quando comparados aos momentos “antes”.

Environmental monitoring is essential for safeguarding the health of our planet and protecting human health and well-being. Without trust, the effectiveness of environmental monitoring and the ability to address environmental challenges are significantly compromised. In this paper, we present a sensor platform capable of performing authenticated and trustworthy measurements, together with a lightweight security protocol for sending the data from the sensor to a central server anonymously. Besides presenting a new and very efficient symmetric-key-based protocol, we also demonstrate on real hardware how existing embedded security modules can be utilized for this purpose. We provide an in-depth evaluation of the performance and a detailed security analysis.

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is widely used to assess cardiovascular health. Yet, its effectiveness is often hindered by external factors like contact force (CF), which significantly affects the accuracy and reliability of measurements. This study investigates how variations in the CF at the index fingertips influence six signal quality indices (SQIs)—including the perfusion index, skewness, kurtosis, entropy, zero-crossing rate, and relative power—using data from 11 healthy participants. Our analysis of normalized CF values reveals that lower CF ranges (0.2 to 0.4) may be optimal for extracting information about perfusion and blood flow. However, they may not be the best range to capture all the physiological details within the PPG pulse. In contrast, higher CF ranges (0.4 to 0.6) enable capturing more complex signals that could be physiologically representative. The findings underscore the necessity of considering viscoelastic tissue properties and individual biomechanical differences, advocating for both the normalization of CF for improved cross-subject comparison and personalized CF calibration to adapt PPG devices to diverse populations. These strategies ensure measurement reliability and consistency, thereby advancing the accuracy of cardiac and vascular assessments. Our study offers guidelines for adjusting the CF levels to balance signal detail and perfusion quality, customized to meet specific analytical requirements, with direct implications for both clinical and research environments.

A arquitetura da informação, como campo do conhecimento, é analisada em relação à área da Ciência da Informação. O histórico do desenvolvimento conceitual da arquitetura da informação é apresentado, explorando em particular as aplicações das estruturas de classificação, e também suas relações com os conceitos de uso, utilidade e usuário. O entendimento que pode ser depreendido é que a arquitetura da informação pode ser concebida como um campo interdisciplinar da Ciência da Informação e computação. Os princípios fundamentais deste subcampo são aplicados no estudo de caso do portal web de uma instituição de pesquisa na área da saúde, a Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. São verificados seu funcionamento, sua estrutura de informação, a natureza da linguagem adotada, sua navegabilidade e sua adequação às necessidades de informação dos usuários do portal.

ENEM measures the ability and knowledge of students who are in high school or have already completed it. With the scores obtained in the exam, the student can enroll in SISU, which is one way to enter public universities. During pandemic, the planning of schools, mainly public, was affected so that many students gave up taking the ENEM in 2020. To identify the profile of those enrolled in ENEM and verify which portion was most affected, this research analyze their social inequalities using data from ENEM 2019 and 2020 and machine learning methods. The methodology is based on cluster analysis where K-Means was applied and on performance classification where Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, and MultiLayer Perceptron were used, and Select K-Best was used to select features. The results of the grouping generated two groups, one composed of subscribers with lower financial conditions and another with greater ones. In the classification, the MultiLayer Perceptron obtained an accuracy of 85.18% for 2019 and 83.63% for 2020. The results showed that the proposed methodology was able to identify the differences between the subscribers and classify their performance.

Background Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia that affects the orbicularis oculi muscles. The interest in nonmotor symptoms is due to their impact on quality of life.

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive method used for cardiovascular monitoring, with multi-wavelength PPG (MW-PPG) enhancing its efficacy by using multiple wavelengths for improved assessment. This study explores how contact force (CF) variations impact MW-PPG signals. Data from 11 healthy subjects are analyzed to investigate the still understudied specific effects of CF on PPG signals. The obtained dataset includes simultaneous recording of five PPG wavelengths (470, 525, 590, 631, and 940 nm), CF, skin temperature, and the tonometric measurement derived from CF. The evolution of raw signals and the PPG DC and AC components are analyzed in relation to the increasing and decreasing faces of the CF. Findings reveal individual variability in signal responses related to skin and vasculature properties and demonstrate hysteresis and wavelength-dependent responses to CF changes. Notably, all wavelengths except 631 nm showed that the DC component of PPG signals correlates with CF trends, suggesting the potential use of this component as an indirect CF indicator. However, further validation is needed for practical application. The study underscores the importance of biomechanical properties at the measurement site and inter-individual variability and proposes the arterial pressure wave as a key factor in PPG signal formation.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of Siliceous Rocks Powder as a source of K (phonolite and verdete) in natura and calcined at temperatures of 300, 600, 800 and 1000° C, pure and in consortium with dolomitic limestone and coffee husk to corn crop (Zea mays L.). The analyses of the phenological variables, stem diameter, number of shoots, leaves, plants height, weight of dry biomass of the aerial part and the contents of N, P and K, accumulated in the aerial part of the plants were performed. The range of calcination temperature between 300 °C and 600 °C, being the treatments that become K more available to the plants. The treatment that produced the highest biomass was the rocks in mixture (m/m) with coffee husk. The calcination temperatures influenced the biomass production and the content of macronutrients accumulated in the dry biomass of the aerial part. The least efficient treatment in the production of biomass was associated with the rocks in mixture with dolomitic limestone.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bioremediation, through the application of two different strategies of effective microorganisms as treatment of effluents in the parameters of water quality and in the bacteriological profile of the soil of ‘Canal da Cidade’ - Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The metagenomic analyzes indicated that the abundance and richness of microorganisms in the substrate increased significantly after the bioremediation strategy used in this study. Because of bioremediation, 31 bacterial species disappeared from the environment when comparing the initial and final bacterial profiles of the soil, where 94% of these 31 species were anaerobic. Furthermore, 61 new aerobic or facultative aerobic species appeared in the channel substrate after bioremediation. As a consequence of bioremediation, the dissolved oxygen concentration and pH values increased significantly throughout the bioremediation process, indicating that the changes found in the microbiological profile of the soil contributed to the improvement of water quality parameters, helping the environment to move from anaerobic to aerobic characteristics. Thus, it is possible to state that the use of effective microorganisms directly affected the physical-chemical parameters of water quality and the microbial profile of the soil community of ‘Canal da Cidade’.

Stimulating Executive Functions (EFs) is vital because they are part of the individual’s life. In this sense, this work aimed to create, develop and evaluate the usability of the TurbeLab serious game. Its creation was designed to assist in therapies for EFs development, more specifically working memory, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control, focusing on the greater engagement of children in Elementary School. The TurbeLab project had the stages of analyzing the target audience’s needs, game design and usability pilot study, where the System Usability Scale (SUS) and a questionnaire assembled by the team were applied, recording high scores, saying that the chosen methodology must work on future tests. An evaluation stage by the judges, and EFs experts, was also performed, obtaining an excellent content index. A future applicability study will be conducted with children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

In conventional rock mechanics testing, radial strain measuring devices are usually attached to the sample's surface at its mid-height. Although this procedure provides a realistic picture of the lateral deformation undergone by homogeneous samples, however, this assumption may not be accurate if the tested rock has significant heterogeneity. Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors have recently been introduced to various rock testing applications due to their versatility over conventional strain gauges and radial cantilevers. FBG sensors have small size, multiplexing capability, and immunity to magnetic interference. The main objective of this study is to explore and understand the capabilities of FBG sensing for strain measurement during rock mechanics testing, including under confining. To do so, two limestone plugs (Savonnières limestone) and one acrylic Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) plug, all of 38 mm diameter, were prepared. The acrylic plug and one of the Savonnières samples plugs were subjected to Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests. The second Savonnières plug was subjected to a hydrostatic test up to 20 MPa confining at room temperature. FBG sensors of 125 μm cladding diameter with ceramics (Ormocer) coating were glued on the surface of each sample, spreading across the entire sample's height. Strain gauges and cantilever-type radial gauges were used on the samples submitted to UCS for comparison. Results show that radial strain measurements and calculated elastic properties derived from the FBG readings for samples are comparable to readings from the conventional strain gauges and cantilever-type devices. Apparent bulk moduli based on volumetric strain computed from FBG radial strain readings during the hydrostatic test on the Savonnières sample was consistent with benchtop measurements conducted on the Savonnières sample and another plug extracted from the same parental block, as well as published literature data. Moreover, variations in the calculated elastic properties are interpreted as evidence that the FBG sensors detected heterogeneities in the samples' inner structure, which can be seen in the density profiles computed from x-ray CT images. Such observation confirms the potential of the presented FBG sensors configuration for 3D strain mapping in rock mechanics tests.

Apesar dos esforços e avanços alcançados ao longo dos anos, o Brasil, como outros países, ainda sofre com a poluição de seus recursos hídricos por ações antropogênicas. Este estudo almejou comparar os valores dos parâmetros de qualidade da água entre diferentes períodos com os estabelecidos pela legislação vigente e analisar a similaridade entre as variáveis limnológicas estabelecidas ao longo do Rio Santa Rosa, localizado na Bacia hidrográfica Turvo- Santa Rosa - Santo Cristo. Foram utilizados os parâmetros: Alumínio; Cloreto; Coliformes Termotolerantes; Condutividade elétrica; Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio; Demanda Química de Oxigênio; Ferro; Fósforo Total; Manganês; Nitrato; Nitrito; Nitrogênio Total Kjeldahl; Oxigênio Dissolvido; Sólidos Totais; Temperatura da água; Turbidez e Zinco, de cinco pontos do Rio Santa Rosa entre os anos de 2005 a 2011. Esses dados foram submetidos a uma análise estatística descritiva contendo média, mínimo, máximo e coeficiente de variação. Também foi utilizada a análise de agrupamentos (AA), na qual foi possível inferir sobre as possíveis fontes de poluição e com o auxílio da resolução CONAMA nº 357/2005, verificar padrões fora da normalidade. Por meio deste estudo, notou-se que os valores dos parâmetros analisados apresentaram-se fora do recomendado pela legislação ao longo dos anos e que os agrupamentos sofrem influências de fontes antropogênicas. Concluiu-se que o uso da análise de agrupamentos possibilitou inferir sobre as possíveis fontes de contaminação do Rio Santa Rosa e com isso auxiliar nas tomadas de decisões e no planejamento ambiental da região.

Gliomas are malignant brain tumors responsible for 50% of primary human brain cancer cases. They have a combination of rapid growth and invasiveness, and high fatality rates with a median survival time of one year. Mathematical models that describe its growth have helped to improve treatment. In this paper, a combined model formed by terms of two other models known in the literature is analyzed. The combined model is a Reactive-Advective-Diffusive partial differential equation, which is solved by combining the finite difference method, the Crank-Nicolson method and the upwind method. Logistic growth is used for cell proliferation ensuring a saturation threshold for glioma growth, which is crucial to properly estimate patient survival time. The well-known linear-quadratic radiobiological model is used to describe cell death due to radiotherapy treatment. Two initial conditions are compared in the simulations, indicating the need for further studies to have a model as close as possible to reality. Simulation results are shown for four scenarios: no radiotherapy, application of a single dose, and two dose fractionation schemes.

Introduction: Sleep is a multimodal construct related to the quality of life of children and adolescents. Therefore, sleep problems might affect attention, internalizing and externalizing behaviors. During the pandemic, children were pointed as a risk group for sleep problems compared to other age groups. Objective: We aimed to conduct a systematic search in the literature, in order to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep habits in children and adolescents, addressing changes on sleep duration, bedtime and wake-up time, risk and protective factors, and the particularities of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Methods: The search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. After the full reading evaluation a total of 133 articles, comprising 234,852 participants from 45 countries, met inclusion criteria. Results: An increase in week sleep hours and delay in sleep and wake-up time were observed as well as a worse quality of sleep. Among the emerging risk factors were evaluated confinement, age, gender, previous diagnosis, screen use, and physical activities. For children with neurodevelopmental disorders, heterogeneity in methodology and sampling constraints do not allow generalizations. Conclusion: The most important problem in children and adolescents about sleep during the pandemic was not the number of hours, but the increase in disorders related to sleep and to changes in sleep rhythm. The understanding of sleep changes might shed light on long-term effects and consequences related to the pandemic and the relationship with stress and disorders, which deserves attention to rethink the youths' routines.

Background: In advanced heart failure (HF), diagnostic performance of physical exam may be poor. Physical examination associated with lung ultrasound (LUS) may be an important tool to facilitate congestion screening. Objective: To evaluate performance of LUS for congestion screening in advanced HF referred for transplant, as compared to findings of right heart catheterization (RHC). Methods: Prospective study of 23 subjects with advanced HF referred for RHC. LUS was performed in association with clinical congestion score (CCS), analogue-visual dyspnea scale (AVDS) and presence of trepopnea/bendopnea prior to catheterization. Congestion was assessed by the number of B-lines in the LUS, and by findings of physical examination as well as by NT-proBNP serum values. Results: Congestion was present in 43.4 % of patients by LUS (B-lines ≥ 15), as compared to 21.7 % by CCS (score greater than or equal to 5), 56.5 % by NT-proBNP (>1000 pg/ml), and 60.8 % by pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) (>15 mm Hg). The number of B-lines was correlated to cardiac index (CI) (rho = −0.619; p 0.002), but not with PCWP (rho 0.190; p 0.386), RAP (rho −0.244; p 0.262), CCS (rho 0.198; p 0.36) and neither with NT-proBNP (rho 0.282; p 0.193). Otherwise, NT-proBNP was correlated with PCWP (rho = 0.636; p = 0.001) and with CI (rho −0.667 p 0.001). Conclusions: In advanced HF patients referred for transplant, number of B-lines in LUS was not correlated with PCWP or RAP. Advanced HF patients seem to have increased filling pressures, but no interstitial pulmonary congestion that LUS could detect.

The present study aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of invasive candidiasis by C. parapsilosis complex (CPC) in a Brazilian tertiary pediatric hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical samples were processed in the BACT/ALERT® 3D system or on agar plates. Definitive identification was achieved by MALDI-TOF MS. Antifungal susceptibility was initially analyzed by the VITEK 2 system (AST-YS08 card) and confirmed by the CLSI protocol. Patient data were collected from the medical records using a structured questionnaire. CPC was recovered from 124 patients over an 18-month period, as follows: C. parapsilosis (83.87%), C. orthopsilosis (13.71%) and C. metapsilosis (2.42%). Antifungal resistance was not detected. The age of the patients with invasive CPC infections ranged from C. parapsilosis. C. orthopsilosis infections were significantly more prevalent in patients from critical care units. Invasive infections caused by different pathogens occurred in 75 patients up to 30 days after the recovery of CPC isolates. Overall, 23 (18.55%) patients died within 30 days of CPC diagnosis. Catheter removal and antifungal therapy were important measures to prevent mortality. COVID-19 coinfection was only detected in one patient.

Over the past few years, there has been increased interest in photoplethysmography (PPG) technology, which has revealed that, in addition to heart rate and oxygen saturation, the pulse shape of the PPG signal contains much more valuable information. Lately, the wearable market has shifted towards a multi-wavelength and multichannel approach to increase signal robustness and facilitate the extraction of other intrinsic information from the signal. This transition presents several challenges related to complexity, accuracy, and reliability of algorithms. To address these challenges, anomaly detection stages can be employed to increase the accuracy and reliability of estimated parameters. Powerful algorithms, such as lightweight machine learning (ML) algorithms, can be used for anomaly detection in multi-wavelength PPG (MW-PPG). The main contributions of this paper are (a) proposing a set of features with high information gain for anomaly detection in MW-PPG signals in the classification context, (b) assessing the impact of window size and evaluating various lightweight ML models to achieve highly accurate anomaly detection, and (c) examining the effectiveness of MW-PPG signals in detecting artifacts.

O método dos elementos finitos tem sido utilizado como uma ferramenta de análise estrutural para determinação de deslocamentos, esforços e tensões, cujo objetivo é proporcionar uma modelagem do sistema, transformando-o em um número finito de elementos mais simplificados a serem solucionados, obtendo uma aproximação para o sistema completo resultante dos vários elementos agrupados. A aplicação do método dos elementos finitos vem se expandindo muito nas últimas duas décadas, em decorrência da automatização das rotinas de cálculo que a programação possibilita, aliada à necessidade do grande processamento de dados na resolução dos problemas estruturais. A partir da relevância dos fatos apresentados, o presente estudo se remete ao desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional intitulada de PorticoFEM3D, se utilizando da linguagem de programação C, que é capaz de modelar pórticos tridimensionais e realizar a análise estrutural que engloba a determinação dos deslocamentos e reações de uma estrutura. A análise tridimensional, por intermédio da rigidez relativa a tais esforços, considera os esforços seccionais axial e torçor e também os esforços transversais, sendo estes: esforço cortante e o fletor,. Assim, posteriormente foi modelado um problema de pórtico espacial, sendo os resultados da análise comparados com a solução do mesmo problema modelado no software Structural Robot e desenvolvido pela Autodesk, onde foi avaliada a funcionalidade e adequação do algoritmo, tendo como base o software comercial de referência para carregamentos pontuais.

In semiarid regions of Brazil, water and/or soil salinity is one of the limiting factors for sour passion fruit production. Low rainfall rates combined with edaphic conditions (high concentrations of soluble salts) intensify deleterious effects on plants. Thus, strategies that minimize the effects of salt stress, e.g., grafting with tolerant species and soil mulching, are extremely important to ensure the expansion of irrigated fruit farming in this region. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of grafting and mulching on the quantum yield, ionic relations, and fruit production of sour passion fruit irrigated with moderately saline water. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in split plots, in a 2 × (2 × 2) factorial arrangement to evaluate the combination of low and moderate salinity water (main plot) with the propagation method (seeds and grafting on P. cincinnata) and without and with plastic mulching (subplots), with four replications and three plants per plot. The ionic relations in passion fruit leaves were increased with the use of rootstocks and plastic mulching under irrigation with moderately saline water. The use of mulching increased the yield of photosystem II in sour passion fruit. The passion fruit plants propagated by seeds had 187.52% more fruits than those grafted onto P. cincinnata. The use of rootstocks with P. cincinnata in sour passion fruit restricted the uptake of Na and Cl but reduced fruit production.

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is widely used to assess cardiovascular health. However, its usage and standardization are limited by the impact of variable contact force and temperature, which influence the accuracy and reliability of the measurements. Although some studies have evaluated the impact of these phenomena on signal amplitude, there is still a lack of knowledge about how these perturbations can distort the signal morphology, especially for multi-wavelength PPG (MW-PPG) measurements. This work presents a modular multi-parametric sensor system that integrates continuous and real-time acquisition of MW-PPG, contact force, and temperature signals. The implemented design solution allows for a comprehensive characterization of the effects of the variations in these phenomena on the contour of the MW-PPG signal. Furthermore, a dynamic DC cancellation circuitry was implemented to improve measurement resolution and obtain high-quality raw multi-parametric data. The accuracy of the MW-PPG signal acquisition was assessed using a synthesized reference PPG optical signal. The performance of the contact force and temperature sensors was evaluated as well. To determine the overall quality of the multi-parametric measurement, an in vivo measurement on the index finger of a volunteer was performed. The results indicate a high precision and accuracy in the measurements, wherein the capacity of the system to obtain high-resolution and low-distortion MW-PPG signals is highlighted. These findings will contribute to developing new signal-processing approaches, advancing the accuracy and robustness of PPG-based systems, and bridging existing gaps in the literature.

Plasmodium spp. and some other blood parasites belonging to the order Haemosporida are the focus of many epidemiological studies worldwide. However, haemosporidian parasites from wild animals are largely neglected in scientific research. For example, Polychromophilus parasites, which are exclusive to bats, are described in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania, but little is known about their presence and genetic diversity in the New World. In this study, 224 samples of bats from remaining fragments of the Atlantic Forest and Pantanal biomes, as well as urbanized areas in southern and southeastern Brazil, were analyzed for the presence of haemosporidian parasites by PCR of the mitochondrial gene that encodes cytochrome b (cytb). The PCR fragments of the positive samples were sequenced and analyzed by the Bayesian inference method to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships between Polychromophilus parasites from bats in Brazil and other countries. Sequences from Brazilian lineages of Polychromophilus were recovered in a clade with sequences from Polychromophilus murinus and close to the one Polychromophilus sequence obtained in Panama, the only available sequence for the American continent. This clade was restricted to bats of the family Vespertilionidae and distinct from Polychromophilus melanipherus, a parasite species mainly found in bats of the family Miniopteridae. The detection of Polychromophilus and the genetic proximity to P. murinus were further confirmed with the amplification of two other genes (clpc and asl). We also found a Haemosporida parasite sequence in a sample of Noctilio albiventris collected in the Pantanal biome, which presents phylogenetic proximity with avian Haemoproteus sequences. Morphological and molecular studies are still needed to conclude and describe the Polychromophilus species in Brazilian Myotis bats in more detail and to confirm Haemoproteus parasites in bats. Nevertheless, these molecular results in Brazilian bats confirm the importance of studying these neglected genera.

Purpose: This paper explores the potential of students' participation in the HW educational intervention programme based on participatory methodologies in promoting their environmental citizenship. Design/methodology/approach: Using a quasi-experimental design, 126 students were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups and filled out questionnaires before and after the HW intervention to evaluate environmental citizenship dimensions. Findings: The psychometric properties of a 16-item instrument to measure youth environmental citizenship were validated. After the HW intervention, the students' intervention group had a significant improvement in their sense of environmental efficacy. Research limitations/implications: The cross-sectional design of this study does not allow causal inferences to be made; further research should conduct longitudinal studies. Practical implications: Schools must promote educational experiences where students have opportunities for reflection and action in interaction in a climate of openness to dialogue and diversity with the involvement of different actors.

BackgroundSleep is a complex physiological function that should be addressed from different perspectives and consider the circadian rhythm. Sleep deprivation, either acute or chronic, negatively affects several functions, including motor control. Balance control is essential in several daily life activities and balance problems are related to falls.Research QuestionThis review focuses on how sleep conditions impact balance control.MethodsSystematic literature review according to PRISMA guidelines.ResultsThe literature provided strong evidence that acute sleep deprivation impairs postural control. Chronic sleep deprivation as well as low sleep quality had similar effects, although there is a lower number of works addressing this issue. Furthermore, time awake worsens postural controls and it can be used to detect sleepiness and fatigue. The sleep deprivation showed a stronger negative effect on postural control when removing the visual information (eyes closed) than when reducing proprioceptive feedback (soft surface). There is scarce literature about the effects of chronotype, circadian patterns and chronic sleep deprivation, a frequent problem, on balance control; however they consistently indicate that there is an relationship between them. Most of the studies only consider one-night (acute) sleep deprivation without monitoring prior sleep conditions and the circadian rhythm phase of the participants. However, a few studies indicated that these factors must be considered.SignificanceThese results suggest that the sleep conditions of a subject should be considered for several days prior to balance control tests. Therefore, we propose a revision of current postural measurement protocols to include sleep assessment, such as sleep quality questionnaires or actimetry, and to consider the circadian rhythm of the participants to plan the hour of the tests.

Com crescimento considerável das áreas urbanas em todo mundo, deu-se a proliferação de espaços de convívio e lazer coletivos, como parques, memoriais, praças, pontos turísticos que, por fatores diversos, acabam ficando abandonados e depredados. Essa falta de manutenção acaba causando diversos problemas, como a falta de segurança, focos de proliferação de doenças (dengue, leptospirose e zica), acúmulo de lixo etc. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que desenvolveu o TopPlaces, aplicação mobile colaborativa para avaliação e valorização dos pontos turismo e lazer da cidade de Indaiatuba-SP, o intuito foi dar visibilidade, aos órgãos responsáveis, dos pontos em que a manutenção se faz necessária. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foi realizada uma pesquisa experimental. Os resultados comprovaram a relevância do aplicativo que se mostrou plenamente recomendável, avaliado pelos usuários com nota 8,96.

This article presents an account of an online sociodrama experience. The described session took place in the context of a study group containing 36 participants, including psychology students and psychologists. The meeting took place through an online application that allows video conferencing (Zoom). The proposed theme was: “Covid19, what do you want to tell me?” The action research has a socio-therapeutic focus, with the direction of the session centered on collective creation. The instruments included the director, the scenario, the protagonist, the supporting role, and the public. A final observation was that the online sociodrama created spaces for reorganizing social roles, even in social isolation and crisis.

Este artigo identifica os impactos nas formas de lazer vividas por universitários na cidade de Macapá (AP), diante do período de distanciamento social imposto pela pandemia de COVID-19. Combinamos o uso da pesquisa bibliográfica com a aplicação de questionário virtual (Plataforma Google Forms). O questionário continha cinco questões de múltipla escolha. Obtivemos o retorno de 456 instrumentais. Os resultados indicam que o distanciamento social trouxe impactos para o lazer dos sujeitos, pois resultou no aumento da “residencialização” e da “virtualização” do lazer. Se, antes, observamos tendência para prática de lazeres vivenciados na natureza e com forte caráter de sociabilidade, o distanciamento social resultou em aumento de lazeres vividos no ambiente doméstico, bem como em práticas ligadas ao uso da internet, como jogos on-line; assistir a lives e filmes; acesso a redes sociais; uso de celulares e computadores.

Em março de 2020, foi registrado em Santa Catarina o primeiro caso de síndrome respiratória aguda grave corona vírus 2 (SARS – CoV-2), conhecida como COVID-19. Tendo em vista o comportamento de disseminação gradativa e rápida, com o surgimento de casos e óbitos em diversos países, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) declarou que para controlar a proliferação do vírus, é necessário aplicar medidas restritivas de alcance individual, ambiental e comunitário. Considerando o exposto, o presente artigo teve como objetivo mapear o número de casos e óbitos da COVID-19 nos municípios da macrorregião da foz do Rio Itajaí, no período de 18 de março à 18 de maio de 2020 e relacioná-los com as medidas restritivas municipais dos 11 municípios que integram a região a partir dos boletins epidemiológicos emitidos pela SES/SC e identificar a expansão da contaminação por meio do mapeamento digital. Como resultado, constatou-se que ao final do período de análise, os 11 municípios que contemplam a região registraram ao menos um caso da COVID-19. Foi identificado que os municípios tiveram um comportamento de disseminação de forma independente, assim como os decretos de normas restritivas, tendo cada município diferentes medidas em datas distintas. Percebe-se que as medidas restritivas de alcance individual, ambiental e comunitário, de acordo com seu conteúdo, podem restringir o contágio da doença por mais tempo e ter impactos direto na disseminação e controle da doença, sendo que os municípios que emitiram o maior número de decretos no período, tiveram menores números de casos confirmados.

Na indústria suinícola tecnificada, a gestão da informação deve ocupar papel central na tomada de decisões, envolvendo métodos gerenciais criteriosos, acompanhamento preciso das informações, implementação de correções e gestão de pessoas. Diante disso, o planejamento da produção, a definição da meta e o plano de ação são pontos de partida no gerenciamento. Portanto, a adequada gestão da atividade suinícola, requer levantamento de dados, para transformar em informação, para assim definir os objetivos, potencialidades com os recursos disponíveis. Nesta revisão, objetivou-se abordar as boas práticas na gestão da produção de suínos com vistas à sustentabilidade do negócio, melhoria da eficiência produtiva e da lucratividade, enfatizando conceitos importantes e suas aplicações práticas.

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos da psiquiatrização da loucura nos discursos de autoridades judiciais nas decisões frente aos flagrantes de pessoas com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei, nas Audiências de Custódias (ACs) de um estado brasileiro. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, foram realizadas cinco entrevistas em profundidade com juízes, analisadas sob as perspectivas da análise do discurso de Michel Foucault. Os resultados/discussão foram descritos a partir de dois eixos: o primeiro versa sobre psiquiatrização da AC: o louco em privação de liberdade; e o segundo problematiza o risco como dispositivo de captura e privação da liberdade. Conclui-se que, ainda que as ACs tenham sido produzidas como dispositivo para garantia da liberdade, afere-se que em seus discursos os participantes da pesquisa apresentam ideias da loucura como risco, que justificam o aprisionamento.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da casca de soja e da casca de arroz sobre o desempenho zootécnico, parâmetros somáticos e composição centesimal dos peixes inteiros de juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). Para isso, foram utilizados 216 juvenis de pacu, com peso médio de 6 ± 0,81 gramas, distribuídos em 18 caixas d’água, em sistema de recirculação. Foram formuladas seis dietas contendo os níveis de 10, 13 e 15% de inclusão de FDN para cada fonte de fibra, com 30% de proteína bruta e 3.000 Kcal Kg-1 de energia digestível. Foi observado que os níveis de 10 e 13% de FDN promoveram os melhores resultados para as variáveis de desempenho como peso final, ganho em peso, taxa de crescimento específico e comprimento final. Também foi possível observar que os peixes alimentados com a dieta contendo 10% de FDN apresentaram um maior rendimento de carcaça, porém não foi observada diferença entre os índices, digestivo somático, hepatossomático e quociente intestinal. Já, para as variáveis de composição centesimal dos peixes inteiros, não foram observadas diferenças significativas. Sendo assim, pode-se concluir que até 13% de FDN não prejudica o desempenho zootécnico, qualidade de carcaça e os parâmetros somáticos dos peixes.

Soil attributes may affect the residual activity and impacts of herbicides on non-target organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the residual activity of the sulfentrazone herbicide and its impacts on microbiological parameters of Brazilian Savanna soils, as well as to identify soil attributes that can be used to predict the residual activity of the herbicide in these soils. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 6 x 5 factorial scheme, with 4 replications, being 5 soil types (Rhodic Acrustox; Typic Quartzpsamment; Rhodic Haplustox; Typic Humaquepts; Fluventic Dystrustepts) and 6 periods (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days after herbicide application - DAA). The residual activity of the sulfentrazone herbicide is dependent of the soil type, and the time that the herbicide can control at least 80 % of Urochloa decumbens plants ranges from 0 (Typic Humaquepts) to 38 days (Rhodic Haplustox). The bases saturation is the only soil attribute correlated with the herbicide efficacy over time, in the Brazilian Savanna soils, showing a moderate correlation up to 90 DAA. The pH, organic matter and clay content are not correlated with the herbicide efficacy over time in these soils. Sulfentrazone reduces the microorganisms activity from 45 to 90 DAA in all the studied soils. However, it does not affect the microbial biomass carbon.

The protozoan Sarcocystis bertrami (syn. Sarcocystis fayeri) infects horses and has dogs as definitive hosts. Herein we aimed to detect S. bertrami in Brazilian horses destined for human consumption and to determine the frequency of infection in the examined animals. Muscle fragments from 51 horses were collected in a slaughterhouse in Bahia State during three different seasons of the year. Samples from six tissues from each animal were prepared for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, using tissue grinding, squash and histology. Sarcocystis sp. was observed in 100% of the examined horses. Selected samples were processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Species identification was confirmed using a PCR targeted to the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1). Histological examination revealed sarcocysts with variable sizes and shapes, and dispersed within the muscle fibers. When observed by TEM, the sarcocyst wall was wavy and covered by an electrodense layer. The villar protrusions were digitiform and bent. To our knowledge, this study is the first morphological and molecular confirmation of S. bertrami in horses in Brazil and South America.

Congenital clubfoot is the most common disease of the musculoskeletal system, causing deformities in the musculature of the foot and requiring long-term motor rehabilitation. This article shows the design and development of a serious game to support the process of motor rehabilitation of clubfoot through dorsiflexion and plantarflexion exercises. The game is controlled by a wearable device (Papeteshoes), where the accelerometers are responsible for detecting the movement of the foot. A pilot test was carried out withtwo children with and without clubfoot (Congenital Talipes Equi-novarus-CTE) to examine the feasibility of the game as a therapy instrument. Usability and applicability questionnaires were applied after using the game. The results show that both children reacted in the same way to the proposals, performing the necessary movements for the motor recruitment of the muscles related to the leg and foot and maintaining the range of motion of the ankle joint.

Trata-se de um artigo que busca descrever as principais potencialidades, fragilidades e desafios da Educação Permanente em Saúde em um Hospital Referência em COVID-19 no estado da Paraíba. Conhecer como vem se dando a formulação e promoção da educação permanente em saúde no enfrentamento a COVID-19, e como as práticas educativas englobam o conhecimento em educação e saúde, para que as ações como prevenção, proteção, promoção, reabilitação, cuidados paliativos e não apenas a cura de doenças, sejam exitosas. Os dados desse artigo podem contribuir para a construção de ações em educação permanente em saúde no Estado da Paraíba

Entropy is one of the most fundamental notions for understanding complexity. Among all the methods to calculate the entropy, sample entropy (SampEn) is a practical and common method to estimate time-series complexity. Unfortunately, SampEn is a time-consuming method growing in quadratic times with the number of elements, which makes this method unviable when processing large data series. In this work, we evaluate hardware SampEn architectures to offload computation weight, using improved SampEn algorithms and exploiting reconfigurable technologies, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), a reconfigurable technology well-known for its high performance and power efficiency. In addition to the fundamental disclosed straightforward SampEn (SF) calculation method, this study evaluates optimized strategies, such as bucket-assist (BA) SampEn and lightweight SampEn based on BubbleSort (BS-LW) and MergeSort (MS-LW) on an embedded CPU, a high-performance CPU and on an FPGA using simulated data and real-world electrocardiograms (ECG) as input data. Irregular storage space and memory access of enhanced algorithms is also studied and estimated in this work. These fast SampEn algorithms are evaluated and profiled using metrics such as execution time, resource use, power and energy consumption based on input data length. Finally, although the implementation of fast SampEn is not significantly faster than versions running on a high-performance CPU, FPGA implementations consume one or two orders of magnitude less energy than a high-performance CPU.

Abstract: This paper aims at presenting a structure of implementation of the Workload Control (WLC) approach on a commercial discrete event simulation software by comprehensively demonstrating how to construct and simulate this approach. This research was developed considering the lack of studies fully describing this implementation on this kind of software, which hinders the dissemination and use of the WLC approach by managers. Initially, the logic was developed on a dedicated and structured language and then converted to the simulation software. A detailed description of the WLC implementation contributes to the business domain by facilitating its replication and application in other manufacturing environments, reducing the project time needed to develop the base model and allowing managers and/or researchers to focus directly on the adjustments of the model to the environment being modeled. In the academic domain, this paper addresses a gap in the WLC literature concerning the lack of tutorials for simulation and the lack of information, in the existing papers, regarding the development of the computational model.

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar as trajetórias de formação e as práticas pedagógicas declaradas de professores de educação física que buscam inovar em suas aulas. Este é um estudo multicasos e biográfico, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Dentre os resultados, pode-se destacar as seguintes inovações nas aulas: diversificação de conteúdos e estratégias metodológicas, a inserção de badminton e a criação de turmas de treinamento, a utilização de videogame e a criação de uma sala de jogos na escola. Ao longo de suas trajetórias profissionais, estes docentes buscaram expandir seus conhecimentos e competências, agindo como experts adaptativos.

Este trabalho descreve a modelagem computacional de dispersão atmosférica decorrente de acidente radiológico hipotético em reator modular de pequeno porte (SMR), cuja potência é de 16 MWe (50 MWt). Utilizou-se o software SCALE para modelar o núcleo com três regiões de enriquecimento do combustível, a 4%, 5% e 20%, e obter atividades dos radionuclídeos oriundos de reações nucleares durante o burnup, após 2 anos de operação. Foi escolhida a cidade de Humaitá-AM para instalação do SMR, onde informações sobre condições meteorológicas foram coletadas para identificação da classe de estabilidade atmosférica predominante. Dentre os radionuclídeos do inventário, considerou-se a contribuição do Cs-137 para simulação, usando-se o código HotSpot, das doses totais efetivas (TEDE) recebidas e da concentração, ambos em função da distância do evento. Os resultados sugerem que a partir de 3,1 km do núcleo, as doses estão abaixo da referência para indivíduo do público. A TEDE máxima calculada foi de 3,6 Sv, a 34 m do termo fonte, diminuindo com o tempo e distância, e seguindo o modelo Gaussiano de dispersão. Quanto mais instáveis as condições meteorológicas, maior a TEDE, a uma menor distância do reator. Sugere-se ainda que, para atenuação referente às doses acima desse limiar normativo, próximo ao núcleo, poderá ser dimensionada uma blindagem simples de 75 cm de concreto ordinário ou um arranjo multilaminar composto de 6,4 cm de chumbo e 15 cm de concreto ordinário, relativos à contenção. A pesquisa concluiu que o reator não oferece riscos para operação, considerando os dados assumidos na simulação.

This paper presents a study on the implementation of nuclear security’s knowledge in the brazilian reality, sharing the promotion of nuclear security education, aligned to guidelines and orientations of the IAEA, and covering fields such as The Regulatory Area and The Non- Regulatory Area. The study takes into account the acts of terrorism that indicate the use or threat of use of radioactive material, radiological weapons or even nuclear weapons, including local attacks where such materials are present. The Nuclear Security planning in a country includes everything. From planning a safety project from a core of a nuclear reactor to planning a gym's safety. It also includes physical security plan, safeguards plan, information security, the society's alert about any risk and actions to prevent and detect the different types of threats, such as the risk of sabotage, illegal transfer of radioactive material, among others.

O presente artigo tem como objeto de estudo os infográficos e suas potencialidades para o ensino, temática originária da disciplina Ensino e Tecnologias do Mestrado Profissional em Ensino Tecnológico-MPET. Surgiu da necessidade de se pensar em novos recursos didáticos para potencializar atividades de ensino. O objetivo da pesquisa foi propiciar um momento de formação para conhecimento e construção desse recurso tecnológico de forma alternativa: manual e digital, através de uma oficina oferecida a profissionais da área da educação. Utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa e o método maker (faça você mesmo) em encontros diários durante uma semana. A oficina ofereceu informações conceituais sobre infográficos, bem como propiciou a interação na construção da ferramenta tanto na forma manual quanto na forma digital. Os resultados mostraram que os infográficos são recursos potencialmente eficazes, tanto pela possibilidade de sumarizar conteúdos, quanto pela capacidade estética capaz de tornar textos longos e complexos em leituras de fácil entendimento, inserindo-se como modelo facilitador da aprendizagem.

Justificativa e Objetivos: identificar os fatores relacionados à prevenção de Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica em pacientes de unidades de terapia intensiva. Conteúdo: revisão integrativa com buscas nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS e BDENF, entre 2007 e 2016 e compuseram a amostra final do estudo 09 artigos. Os fatores de proteção foram, manutenção da cabeceira elevada entre 30º e 45º e higiene oral com clorexidina, destacam-se a necessidade de aspiração prévia à mudança de decúbito e adoção de sistema de aspiração subglótica. Conclusão: conclui-se que o conhecimento acerca dos fatores de risco, aliado ao conhecimento e à aplicabilidade das medidas preventivas, podem contribuir para a redução da incidência deste agravo no âmbito intensivo, em especial com a adoção de pacotes de medidas preventivas.

Um aeroporto consiste em uma instalação em solo dotada de sistemas para suporte de operações de aeronaves, especialmente pousos e decolagens. O presente estudo visa realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica e informativa da malha aérea distribuída em seus diversos níveis, quais sejam: regional, nacional e internacional. Também avalia as características da infraestrutura do aeroporto de Fortaleza, tais como a classe e aeronave crítica, sendo reportadas as melhorias realizadas na reforma de ampliação, prospectando o atendimento de uma maior demanda, com maior fluidez, gerando indicadores positivos ao parque aeroportuário. Por fim, com a prospecção do aumento no fluxo de passageiros no modal aéreo que passa pelo aeroporto de Fortaleza (embarque, desembarque, conexão) no final da concessão, que ocorrerá no ano de 2046, mostra-se a necessidade de manter investimentos contínuos para manter a qualidade nos serviços prestados e garantir o desenvolvimento do setor no parque aeroportuário de Fortaleza.