Search

This research was carried out to determine fattening performance with some body and carcass traits of Malya lambs at the open sheepfold. 8 Malya male lambs were used in the study. Lambs were averagely fattened at 20 kg of live weights (2.5 months of age) and 150 g alfalfa was daily given to the lambs in addition ad-libitum concentrate feed for 58 days. Daily live weight gain, total feed intake and feed conservation ratio of the per Malya lamb were found 319 g, 155.4 kg and 4.38, respectively. In addition to these, both pH, hardness and colour values of Longissimus dorsi and colour values of subcutaneous fat were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, estimation of 305 days milk yield of Holstein cows raised in a Private enterprise of Karapınar district of Konya Province using their partial lactation records was aimed. A total of 105 first lactation records were used as the research of the study. 305 day milk yield was found to be 5997 ± 107.95 liters. Estimated milk yields by Holland methods and partial lactation records (30, 61, 91, 122, 152, 183, 213, 244 and 274) day were changed between 5788 ± 92.42 and 6198 ± 118.38, the difference between them was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Average lactation length and actual milk yield were 312 ± 4.37 and 6369 ± 149, respectively. By the way, there were statistically significant and higher correlation coefficients among actual 305 days milk yield, estimated milk yields by Holland methods and milk yields estimated by partial lactation records as 0.681-0.984 and 0.701-0.979, respectively (P<0.01). At the end of the study, it was stated that the 305 days milk yield could be estimated easily by using the first 30 days lactation records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to determine the body growth of Akkaraman, Dağlıç, Kıvırcık, Malya and Karacabey Merino (KM) lambs at intensive fattening period. A total of 50 male lambs there are 10 lambs from each breed were used in the study. The lambs were 2.5 months of age and their live weights averaged as 20 kg at the beginning of fattening period the intensive fattening period lasted for 68 days. The increase in body measurements of Akkaraman, Dağliç, Kivircik, Malya and Karacabey Merino were determined as 9.8, 5.9, 11.2,10.5 and 10.2 cm for withers heights; 13.0, 10.9, 8.6, 12.5 and 12.2 cm for rump heights; 13.1, 8.6, 8.6, 13.8 and 14.4 cm for body lengths; 20.2, 15.6, 16.5, 23.9 and 20.7 cm for heart girths and 22.0, 16.5, 16.2, 21.1 and 20.5 cm for leg girths respectively. During the intensive fattening period Akkaraman, Malya and KM genotypes had similar body performance however these breeds had better body performance than Kivircik and Dağliç genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the relationships between udder types and udder characteristics, milk yield and milk components was to investigate classifying primiparous Anatolian merino sheep reared in Altinova Farm State according to udder types. 59 heads of sheep for udder traits and 50 heads of sheep for milk yield and components was used in this study. From udder characteristics, the height of udder from the floor (HUF), back height of udder (BHU), front height of udder (FHU), length of left udder teat (LUT-L), length of right udder teat (LUT-R), diameter of the left udder teat (DUT-L), diameter of the right udder (DUT-R), distance between udder teats (DBUT) and udder circumference (UC) were found as 34.30, 18.86, 9.73, 2.73, 2.64, 1.27, 1.32, 16.09 and 46.04 cm, respectively, and also the number of udder teats (NUT) was found as 2.07. Lactation milk yield, lactation length and test day milk yield of primiparous Anatolian merino sheep were found as 72.84 L, 137 day and 0.530 L, and also solids-non-fat, fat, protein, lactose and total solids were determined as 11.14±0.110, 7.3810.383, 5.2410.030, 4.9110.027 and 0.9810.005, respectively. As a results, HUF, FHU, LUT-R (P<0.05) and DBUT (P<0.001) from udder characteristics of primiparous Anatolian merino sheep significantly influenced by the udder types, variation between the udder types in lactation mik yield was found as high and it significantly influenced by the udder types (P<0.05), and also the effect of udder types on milk components was found to be statistically insignificant (P>0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the incidence of head and neck cancer continues to rise, the volume of referrals to our urgent suspected cancer clinics continues to rise with it. Cancer referral and review time targets are not being met within the UK, and our centre has experienced an increase in volume of referrals which cannot be met by available clinic slots. We proposed a pathway to the North East London Cancer Alliance to safely triage these patients using the Head and Neck Cancer Risk Calculator version 2 (HaNC-RCv2)., Methods: All 2-week-wait referrals to our unit in June 2023 were initially triaged in a telephone consultation by a specialty registrar working in the department. A brief history would be taken, and a risk score calculated. Those scoring < 5% were moved to routine or less urgent follow up., Results: 120 patients were referred to our department. We were able to safely triage 48.7% patients off the urgent suspected cancer pathway and to routine follow up. A total of 3 patients were found to have a head and neck malignancy and all were treated within the 62 day window., Conclusion: As trusts work to cut the waiting times following the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an evident need for more efficient practices. The use of validated, safe triaging methods such as this can play a central role., Competing Interests: Ethical statement i.Completed in accordance with all statutory requirements.ii.No funding was received.iii.The authors declare no conflict of interest.iv.Ethical approval not applicable, clinical audit.v.Strict written consent not deemed applicable, implied consent given for all telephone consultation., (© Association of Otolaryngologists of India 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)

The aim of this study is to reveal β-casein polymorphism of some cattle breeds and also the potential to produce A2 milk from existing animals and to develop strategies in this area. Therefore, a total of 400 cattle, 100 animals from each breed of Holstein, Brown Swiss, Jersey and Simmental raised commonly in Turkey, were obtained, and C > A polymorphism in 67th amino acid in the 7th exons of β-casein gene was determined by Taq I enzyme with PCR-ACRS method. Blood samples were collected from dairy cattle farms raising Holstein, Brown Swiss and Jersey breeds from Konya province and Simmental breed from Kütahya province in Turkey. A1 and A2 allele frequencies in Holstein, Brown Swiss, Jersey and Simmental cattle breeds were determined as 0.475/0.525, 0.370/0.630, 0.215/0.785 and 0.440/0.560, respectively. The highest A2 allele frequency (0.785) was found in Jersey breed. A1A1 genotypes in Holstein, Brown Swiss, Jersey and Simmental breeds were 0.240, 0.150, 0.030 and 0.160, respectively; A1A2 genotypes were 0.470, 0.440, 0.370 and 0.560, respectively; A2A2 genotypes were determined as 0.290, 0.410, 0.600 and 0.280, respectively. In these breeds, the highest A2A2 genotype frequency was found in Jersey (0.600), the lowest A1A1 genotype frequency (0.030) was found in Jersey and the highest A1A2 genotype frequency (0.560) was found in Simmental. Holstein, Brown Swiss, Simmental and Jersey populations were at the level of Hardy-Weinberg in terms of β-casein gene ( p  > 0.05). The average H o , H e and PIC values were calculated as 0.460, 0.469 and 0.605, respectively. In conclusion, the frequency of commonly reared cattles in Turkey especially Brown Swiss, and Jersey breeds in A2A2 genotype are satisfactory, but it can be said that the use of animals with A2 allele in selection is extremely important for increasing A2 milk producing potential in the future.

The reproductive efficiency of dairy cattle is critical to the economic success and sustainability of the enterprise. Due to its many advantages, artificial insemination has inevitably taken its place in herd management today, and different artificial insemination methods have been developed until today. At the same time, artificial insemination is carried out by commercial artificial insemination operators or do-it-yourself operators in cattle farms. One of the factors affecting the success of artificial insemination is inseminators. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inseminators on conception rates in reproductive challenges and to reveal the differences between the success rates of inseminators. A total of 227,297 artificial insemination acts carried out by 35 inseminators for 4 years belonging to the Konya Cattle Breeders' Association in Turkey were assessed for this purpose. In the study, the insemination success rate was determined as 41.36%. In addition, the percentage of inseminators with a total insemination success rate of more than 50% is very low, such as 2.9%, and the percentage of those who achieved 35.9% and below was 9.3%. As a result, it can be stated that the inseminators having a lower success rate than the overall should be retrained to avoid costs or losses in the farms., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)

Purpose of Review: Dysphonia has been described as a major symptom of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). A literature review examining this topic was undertaken and is presented here, combined with insights from our experience in managing patients with laryngeal complications following mechanical ventilation for severe COVID-19 pneumonitis., Recent Findings: Naunheim et al. reported that patients who are most at risk of needing intubation with COVID-19 disease are those with patient-specific risk factors and these are at an increased risk for subsequent laryngotracheal injury following intubation (1). In our cohort of 105 patients referred with laryngological symptoms postintubation for COVID-19 pneumonitis, 40% presented as urgent reviews, of which almost half had severe postintubation complications requiring surgery. Perceptual voice ratings and patient-reported voice ratings varied widely, but there was no significant change in voice scores postoperatively. The reflux symptom index (RSI) scores did improve significantly (p = 0.0266). The need for surgery was associated with the presence of comorbidities for instance hypertension, diabetes and obesity in our cohort. This is in support of reported association of comorbidity as a risk factor for intubation and subsequent development of postintubation airway complications., Summary: Dysphonia following COVID-19 infection may have multiple causes. Literature reports demonstrate intubation injury, sensory neuropathy, and postviral neuropathy are associated with voice changes. Our personal experience has confirmed postintubation injury markedly affects glottic function with resultant dysphonia attributable to scar formation, posterior glottic stenosis, granulation and subglottic stenosis. Frequent surgical intervention is required for airway patency and may have short-term further deleterious effects on phonation, although in our cohort this is not statistically significant analysing Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain, Voice Handicap Index-10 or Airway, Voice, Swallow scores. Maximal antireflux medications and advice statistically improved RSI scores postoperatively., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

One of the most important activities in animal raising is parasite control. Since parasites share what animals eat on one hand, they have disease-causing effects on the other hand, they are parasites that must be fought. In fact, they can be responsible for the decrease in yield and can also cause death. Haemonchus contortus parasite from the Trichostrongylidae family is a blood parasite that causes anemia in sheep and goats. In this study, using the FAMACHA© card, which is widely used in the determination of anemia caused by Haemonchus contortus in the world, the color of the conjunctiva was scored in Akkaraman sheep and Hair goats raised in the Sızma district of Konya, and the relations between the score and the parasite type and density were determined. Accordingly, while no animals with 1 and 5 scores were observed in sheep, the numbers of animals with scores of 2, 3, and 4 were determined as 7.84%, 40.2%, and 52.96%, respectively. Parasite eggs belonging to the Trichostrongylidae family were observed in 96.07% of the sheep. On the other hand, no animal with score 1 or 2 was observed in goats. The numbers of animals with 3, 4, and 5 scores were determined as 6.12%, 54.08%, and 39.80%, respectively. Eimeria, the most common parasite species, was found in 68.18% of the goats and parasite eggs from the Trichostrongylidae family were observed in 17.05%. As a result, it was concluded that the card in question was a practical, easily available, and cheap tool in the detection of anemia by using the relationships between FAMACHA© card scoring and parasite loads.

Background: Sepsis guidelines are widely used in high-income countries and intravenous fluids are an important supportive treatment modality. However, fluids have been harmful in intervention trials in low-income countries, most notably in sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed the relevance, quality and applicability of available guidelines for the fluid management of adult patients with sepsis in this region., Methods: We identified sepsis guidelines by systematic review with broad search terms, duplicate screening and data extraction. We included peer-reviewed publications with explicit relevance to sepsis and fluid therapy. We excluded those designed exclusively for specific aetiologies of sepsis, for limited geographic locations, or for non-adult populations. We used the AGREE II tool to assess the quality of guideline development, performed a narrative synthesis and used theoretical case scenarios to assess practical applicability to everyday clinical practice in resource-constrained settings., Results: Published sepsis guidelines are heterogeneous in sepsis definition and in quality: 8/10 guidelines had significant deficits in applicability, particularly with reference to resource considerations in low-income settings. Indications for intravenous fluid were hypotension (8/10), clinical markers of hypoperfusion (6/10) and lactataemia (3/10). Crystalloids were overwhelmingly recommended (9/10). Suggested volumes varied; 5/10 explicitly recommended "fluid challenges" with reassessment, totalling between 1 L and 4 L during initial resuscitation. Fluid balance, including later de-escalation of therapy, was not specifically described in any. Norepinephrine was the preferred initial vasopressor (5/10), specifically targeted to MAP > 65 mmHg (3/10), with higher values suggested in pre-existing hypertension (1/10). Recommendations for guidelines were almost universally derived from evidence in high-income countries. None of the guidelines suggested any refinement for patients with malnutrition., Conclusions: Widely used international guidelines contain disparate recommendations on intravenous fluid use, lack specificity and are largely unattainable in low-income countries given available resources. A relative lack of high-quality evidence from sub-Saharan Africa increases reliance on recommendations which may not be relevant or implementable.

This study was conducted to compare fatty acid composition and content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in different regions of sheep carcasses. Lambs of the Dağlıç breed were used for this purpose. Subsequent to a 68-day period of intensive fattening, fatty acids were examined in samples taken from the legs, shoulders, breasts, and ribs of lamb carcasses. According to the analysis, in leg, shoulder, breast, and rib, respectively, total saturated fatty acids (SFA) were found to be 40.38, 42.69, 42.56, and 40.27%, unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were found to be 40.38, 44.17, 46.17, and 49.50%, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found to be 4.79, 4.29, 3.80, and 3.72%, and CLAs were found to be 1.49, 1.69, 1.53, and 1.59%.

Background: The utilisation of molecular markers has increased in molecular research recently. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers allow the analysis of genomes without preliminary sequence information, since random primers are used. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate ISSR markers for assessing the genetic diversity of indigenous Anatolian Water Buffaloes reared in Afyon, Konya and Sivas provinces of Turkey, with a view to conservation of the gene resources., Results: The 11 ISSR primers chosen for the analysis revealed a total of 110 bands, of which 76 (69.09%) were polymorphic. Also, genetic similarity, polymorphic information content (PIC), resolving power (R(p)) and mean resolving power (R(p)), heterozygosity (H) and Shannon index (I) were calculated as 0.9479-0.9562, 0.35 ± 0.20, 2.73, 0.27, 0.18 ± 0.07 and 0.28 ± 0.11, respectively., Conclusion: The ISSR markers were found to be promising for assessing the genetic diversity in buffalo populations. Potential genetic parameters such as PIC, R(p), R(p), H and I were effectively used in this study., (Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.)