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BACKGROUND: The regional dimension of public health is one characteristic of public health that reflects the effectiveness of social and economic change in society. The key components of which are health and demographic indicators. The regions current demographic situation is an essential component of comprehensive medical and social research. Health and demographic indicators describe the dynamics, state, and prospects of social and economic changes in health and society as a whole. The increase in the population and labor resources due to migration growth, the increase in mortality rates, the decline in the birth rate, and the aging of the nation presupposes the development and implementation of additional medico-demographic approaches to the strategic development of the region. AIMS: Аnalysis of key indicators of public health of Krasnodar Krai, including the main medico-demographic indicators in the dynamics for 20182020. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis on some aspects of the regions public health for 20182020 was conducted. Included in the development are medico-demographic indicators of the population, fertility, mortality, natural increase (losses), and so forth, in the dynamics for 20182020. Data from the Federal Service of State Statistics and statistical data of reporting forms of medical organizations of Krasnodar Krai Information about medical organization (p. 30) were used in the study for the period under consideration. The study applied statistical, analytical, and descriptive methods. The statistical processing of the material was carried out with the help of Microsoft Office software package. RESULTS: Analysis of key regional medico-demographic indicators of Krasnodar Krai for the analyzed period from 2018 to 2020 has made it possible to identify population growth. These indicators include the increase in migration, the number of children, the population under working age, women of childbearing age, the decrease in the total and total fertility rates, the population of working age, and the increase in the overall mortality rate, which includes the working age and population loss. Diseases of the circulatory system, the nervous system, and neoplasm took the largest share in the structure of mortality in 2020. In the structure of mortality, diseases of the circulatory system, nervous system, and neoplasm took the largest share. One of the reasons for the increase in total mortality in 2020 was the death rate from COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the main medico-demographic indicators as one of the key components of public health of Krasnodar Krai for 20182020 has been conducted.

The success of agriculture cannot be separated from several things, one of which is financing. Credit is a financing mechanism that has a role as the formation of farmers' capital to support increased food production, especially rice. This study aims to analyze the effect of credit on the technical efficiency of lowland rice farming. Data collection used primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from interviews with respondent farmers consists of 36 credit users and 66 non-credit users, the sample selection was carried out randomly. The results of the analysis that using the stochastic frontier analysis method on the Cobb-Douglas production function indicated that credit farmers were more efficient than farmers who do not use credit. The average level of technical efficiency for credit farmers was 0,93, while farmers who did not use credit were 0,87. Based on the results of the research, by using credit there was an opportunity for farmers to fulfill the supply of production inputs needed in order to increase their production, because the technical efficiency is higher than the farmers who do not use credit.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of insulin Aspart-Mix biosimilar candidate GP40081 (GP-Asp30) compared with NovoMix ® 30 (NN-Asp30). Materials & methods: In a randomized open-label, active-controlled, 26-week non-inferiority clinical trial 264 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized 1:1 to receive once-daily GP-Asp30 or NN-Asp30. The primary safety end point was the immune response rate. Efficacy outcomes were a mean change in HbA1c (primary), frequency of achieving a glycemic g fasting plasma glucose levels, 7-point glucose profiles, and insulin doses. Results: The immune response developed in 10/126 (8%) participants in the GP-Asp30 group and in 10/125 (8%) participants in the NN-Asp30 group (p = 1.000). The mean difference in HbA1c change between groups was 0.12 (95%CI [-0.14, 0.38]). Other secondary efficacy and safety outcomes weren't statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion: GP-Asp30 demonstrated similar safety and efficacy compared with NN-Asp30 and may be considered a biosimilar insulin.

Melitourism is a special type of farm tourism that utilizes stingless bees as a tourism product. However, stingless beekeeping is not a primary livelihood for most curious beginners, such that the business aspects of the operation are often neglected. This paper aimed at developing a model for melitourism social enterprise. With the appropriate entrepreneurial framework, the residents, the local government, and the local businesses will be able to participate and benefit from the melitourism process. The study used an extensive review of more than a hundred literature. The development of the model was anchored on Isenberg's Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Sustainable Livelihood. The results comprehensively discussed ten components: human capital, financial capital, market access, bioecology, technology, ethics, tourism, culture and heritage, policy, and social capital. Transitioning from conventional beekeeping to melitourism needs careful planning on the part of the farmers. Simply having a passion for beekeeping is not enough. Bee farmers operate within an entrepreneurial ecosystem wherein they must collaborate with policymakers, residents, and organizations

This study centers on the sustainability of the VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) enterprise macroenvironment and the marketing strategy reactions of consumers amidst the backdrop e of East Malaysia. To better illustrate the marketing complexities of the VCO enterprise, the study examines a small and medium VCO operator, Bonco VCO, and looks at its main elements for success and the chances and trials it faces in terms of marketing. The study adopted a qualitative approach and employed in-depth interviews to elicit information from VCO operators and customers. The results impart invaluable means of recognizing favorable circumstances as well as difficulties for marketing. The findings addressed several key success factors such as involvement with the community projects, operator characteristics, customers’ concern about product quality and availability, and packaging size. Opportunities and challenges were identified, in which issues such as perceived price value, promotional, and new product development should be the focus for the VCO operators.

This study includes modeling and simulation of insulin aspart pharmacokinetics (PK). The authors used PK data of biosimilar insulins-insulin aspart and biphasic insulin aspart 30/70-to develop a predictive population PK model for the insulins. The model was built via Monolix software, taking into account the weight-based dosing and the dose and body-weight effects on the parameters. The model-based simulations were performed using the R package mlxR for various administered doses and various ratios of insulin aspart forms for a better understanding of the insulin behavior. The optimal model was a 1-compartment model with a combination of zero- and first-order absorptions, with absorption lag for the soluble form of insulin aspart and first-order absorption for the insulin aspart protamine suspension. The assumption of identical behavior of 2 insulins at the distribution and elimination phases was made. The developed PK model was fitted successfully to the experimental data, and all fitted parameters displayed a moderate coefficient of variation. The PK model allows us to predict PK profiles for various doses and formulations of insulin aspart and can be used to improve the accuracy, safety, and ethics of novel clinical trials of insulin.

The tourism industry is one of the sectors impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused a massive loss of income and unemployment worldwide. The pandemic has exacerbated the existing sustainability challenges of the tourism industry, challenges that are being addressed through responsible tourism. In this study, the authors examined and discussed responsible tourism based on literature, interviews, and blogs by using NVIVO software. The study identified several emerging themes from the software analysis based on eight interviews and three blog reviews. As a result, to practice responsible tourism requires the participation of all parties involved in the supply chain, including investors, institutions, governments, tour operators, local communities, and destination management organizations (DMOs) and the tourists themselves.

The tourism industry is one of the sectors impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused a massive loss of income and unemployment worldwide. The pandemic has exacerbated the existing sustainability challenges of the tourism industry, challenges that are being addressed through responsible tourism. In this study, the authors examined and discussed responsible tourism based on literature, interviews, and blogs by using NVIVO software. The study identified several emerging themes from the software analysis based on eight interviews and three blog reviews. As a result, to practice responsible tourism requires the participation of all parties involved in the supply chain, including investors, institutions, governments, tour operators, local communities, and destination management organizations (DMOs) and the tourists themselves.

La Corporación del Seguro de Depósitos, Fondo de Liquidez y Fondo de Seguros Privados (COSEDE) en el sistema financiero ecuatoriano durante el período 2013 – 2018 ha presentado un constante crecimiento de los fondos que gestiona, como el fondo del seguro de depósitos en el Sector Financiero Privado y el Sector Financiero Popular y Solidario que busca resguardar los ahorros de la población ecuatorian, entre otros. La metodología aplicada fue cualitativa y hubo una revisión documental, para obtener información de este organismo, los mecanismos que administra y su evolución, y los servicios que brinda.

This paper presents an analysis of data from a comparative study of biosimilarity in terms of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp for reference and test biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30). As a result of the study, one of the secondary pharmacodynamic (PD) endpoints did not satisfy the classical criterion of 80%-125% (the lower limit for PD parameter area under the glucose infusion rate-time curve [

La economía circular se presenta como un modelo basado en la preservación y mejora del capital natural, la optimización del rendimiento de los recursos y mejorar la eficacia del sistema productivo, trayendo consigo beneficios ambientales, sociales y económicos. Tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, la muestra seleccionada estuvo conformada por las empresas: Ecocaucho S.A, Holcim Ecuador y Arca Continental Ecuador. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la labor realizada por estas tres empresas contribuye de manera positiva a la conservación del medioambiente y la dinamización de la economía.

Aim: To compare safety (immunogenicity) and efficacy of a biosimilar insulin GP-Lis25 and a reference insulin Ly-Lis25 (Humalog Mix 25) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients. Materials & methods: This randomized open-label, 26-week clinical trial enrolled 210 T2D patients, randomized 1:1 to twice-daily GP-Lis25 or Ly-Lis25. The primary end point was immune response at 26th week. Noninferiority margin for HbA1c was 0.4%. Results: Immune response frequency was similar in GP-Lis25 and Ly-Lis25 groups both at week 12 (p = 0.651) and 26 (p = 0.164). The difference of HbA1c change at week 26 was (95% CI) 0.01 (-0.27–0.28)%. Fasting plasma glucose, seven-point glucose profile and insulin dose were similar between groups. Safety did not differ between groups. Conclusion: GP-Lis25 and Ly-Lis25 demonstrated similar safety and efficacy. ClincalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04023344 .

Objective. To prove the dependence of a fracture or dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle on the features of the shape of the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion. Materials and methods. We conducted anatomical studies on 50 unfixed and unopened corpses of people of both sexes and aged 20 to 60 years. Among them, there were 35 men and 15 women. At the same time, we observed three forms of variability in the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the acromion and clavicle. Results. We studied the radiological forms of the location of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion in 50 patients with a collarbone fracture and in 50 patients with dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle from 20 to 55 years old, among them 30 were men, 20 women. In all cases, the trauma mechanism was indirect. A certain relationship was revealed between the frequency of a fracture or dislocation and the form of arrangement of the articular surfaces of the acromion and clavicle. Clavicle fracture more often (78.0%) occurred with a vertical arrangement of the articular surfaces of aroma and clavicle. Conclusion. Anatomical and clinical-radiological studies have shown the dependence of the fracture or dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle on the peculiarities of the arrangement of the articular surfaces of the clavicle and acromion.