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4,986 results on '"Bauer H"'

1. Assessment of HER2 testing patterns, HER2+ disease, and the utilization of HER2-directed therapy in early breast cancer

Author

Stenehjem DD, Yoo M, Unni SK, Singhal M, Bauer H, Saverno K, Quah C, Masaquel A, and Brixner DI

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

David D Stenehjem,1,2 Minkyoung Yoo,1 Sudhir K Unni,1 Mukul Singhal,1 Hillevi Bauer,1 Kim Saverno,1 Cheng Quah,3 Anthony Masaquel,3 Diana I Brixner1,41Pharmacotherapy Outcomes Research Center (PORC), College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; 2Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; 3Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA; 4Program in Personalized Health Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USAContext: Determining human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is critical for the management of early-stage breast cancer (ESBC). An understanding of HER2 testing practices can provide insight into how test results influence the use of HER2-directed therapy.Objective: To assess HER2 testing, HER2+ disease, and HER2-directed therapy in ESBC at the Huntsman Cancer Institute before and after the 2007 American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologist (ASCO/CAP) guidelines on HER2 testing were published.Methods: Patients were identified from an institutional tumor registry. HER2 testing patterns and results were examined using a chart review of pathology and clinical notes. Patient characteristics, HER2+ rate, and trastuzumab use were evaluated descriptively. Discordance rate with reflex testing (immunohistochemistry [IHC]2+ retested by fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]) was also evaluated.Results: A total of 1,459 women were included (mean age: 57 years). The rate of HER2+ disease was 17% (number [N] =245). The discordance rate between IHC2+ and FISH was 10%. After the 2007 ASCO/CAP guidelines, fewer tumors were classified as IHC3+ (16% post- versus 21.9% pre-2007), more tumors were characterized as IHC2+ (26.4% post- versus 20.7% pre-2007), and the overall HER2+ rate was decreased (18.7% versus 21.9%), but this was not statistically significant (P=0.519). Most patients with HER2+ ESBC received HER2-targeted therapy (N=185).Conclusion: The HER2+ rate was 17% and within the range of the reported rates in the literature. Reflex testing identified additional HER2+ tumors by approximately 10%, and should be considered a potential quality indicator. ASCO/CAP HER2 testing guidelines in 2007 appeared to impact the interpretation and classification of HER2+ tumors.Keywords: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, HER2, early-stage breast cancer, immunohistochemistry, FISH, HER2-targeted therapy

Published
2014

3. Standardization of a SNP panel for parentage verification and identification in the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus)

Author

Groot, M, Anderson, H, Bauer, H, Bauguil, C, Bellone, RR, Brugidou, R, Buckley, RM, Dovč, P, Forman, O, Grahn, RA, Kock, L, Longeri, M, Mouysset‐Geniez, S, Qiu, J, Sofronidis, G, van der Goor, LHP, and Lyons, LA

Subjects
Biotechnology, Genetics, Animals, Breeding, Cats, Genetic Markers, Genetics, Population, Genotyping Techniques, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, breeds, DNA profile, genetic testing, single nucleotide polymorphism, Zoology, Veterinary Sciences, Dairy & Animal Science
Abstract

The domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) is a valued companion animal throughout the world. Over 60 different cat breeds are accepted for competition by the cat fancy registries in different countries. Genetic markers, including short tandem repeats and SNPs, are available to evaluate and manage levels of inbreeding and genetic diversity, population and breed structure relationships, and individual identification for forensic and registration purposes. The International Society of Animal Genetics (ISAG) hosts the Applied Genetics in Companion Animals Workshop, which supports the standardization of genetic marker panels and genotyping for the identification of cats via comparison testing. SNP panels have been in development for many species, including the domestic cat. An ISAG approved core panel of SNPs for use in cat identification and parentage analyses is presented. SNPs (n = 121) were evaluated by different university-based and commercial laboratories using 20 DNA samples as part of the ISAG comparison testing procedures. Different SNP genotyping technologies were examined, including DNA arrays, genotyping-by-sequencing and mass spectroscopy, to select a robust and efficient panel of 101 SNPs as the ISAG core panel for cats. The SNPs are distributed across all chromosomes including two on the X chromosome and an XY pseudo-autosomal sexing marker (zinc-finger XY; ZFXY). A population study demonstrated that the markers have an average polymorphic information content of 0.354 and a power of exclusion greater than 0.9999. The SNP panel should keep testing affordable while also allowing for the development of additional panels to monitor health, phenotypic traits, hybrid cats and highly inbred cats.

Published
2021

5. Magnetism of monomer MnO and heterodimer FePt@MnO nanoparticles

Author

Sun, X., Klapper, A., Su, Y., Nemkovski, K., Wildes, A., Bauer, H., Köhler, O., Schilmann, A., Tremel, W., Petracic, O., and Brückel, Th.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We report about the magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic (AF) MnO nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes (6-19nm). Using a combination of polarized neutron scattering and magnetometry we were able to resolve previously observed peculiarities. Magnetometry, on the one hand, reveals a peak in the zero field cooled (ZFC) magnetization curves at low temperatures (~25K) but no feature around the N\'eel temperature at 118K. On the other hand, polarized neutron scattering shows the expected behavior of the AF order parameter vanishing around 118K. Moreover, hysteresis curves measured at various temperatures reveal an exchange bias effect indicating a coupling of an AF core to a ferromagnetic (FM)-like shell. ZFC data measured at various fields exclude a purely superparamagnetic (SPM) scenario. We conclude that the magnetic behavior of MnO particles can be explained by a superposition of SPM-like thermal fluctuations of the AF-N\'eel vector inside the AF core and a strong magnetic coupling to a ferrimagnetic Mn$_2$O$_3$ or Mn$_3$O$_4$ shell. In addition, we have studied heterodimer ('Janus') particles, where a FM FePt particle is attached to the AF MnO particle. Via the exchange bias effect, the magnetic moment of the FePt subunit is stabilized by the MnO.

Published
2017
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11. Case study of a bore wind-ramp event from lidar measurements and HRRR simulations over ARM Southern Great Plains

Author

Pichugina, Yelena L., primary, Banta, Robert M., additional, Strobach, E. J., additional, Carroll, B. J., additional, Brewer, W. Alan, additional, Turner, D. D., additional, Wulfmeyer, V., additional, James, E., additional, Lee, T. R., additional, Baidar, S., additional, Olson, J. B., additional, Newsom, R. K., additional, Bauer, H.-S., additional, and Rai, R., additional

Published
2024
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18. Microwave assisted magnetization reversal in single domain nanoelements

Author

Nembach, H. T., Bauer, H., Shaw, J. M., Schneider, M. L., and Silva, T. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

We studied the microwave assisted magnetic reversal of 65 nm by 71 nm elliptical Ni80Fe20 nanomagnets. Hysteresis curves were measured by magneto-optical Kerr effect for a range of microwave frequencies and amplitudes. The coercive field Hc was reduced by 26% for an rf field of 0.08Hc when the microwave frequency coincided with the minimum of the experimentally determined ferromagnetic resonance frequency with varying dc field. The experimental results for the fractional reduction in Hc with rf field amplitude are in good agreement with numerical simulations for an array of interacting macrospins with a physically realistic shape anisotropy distribution

Published
2009
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20. Potential and limitations of nucleon transfer experiments with radioactive beams at REX-ISOLDE

Author

Gund, C., Bauer, H., Cub, J., Dietrich, A., H"artlein, T., Lenske, H., Pansegrau, D., Richter, A., Scheit, H., Schrieder, G., and Schwalm, D.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

As a tool for studying the structure of nuclei far off stability the technique of gamma-ray spectroscopy after low-energy single-nucleon transfer reactions with radioactive nuclear beams in inverse kinematics was investigated. Modules of the MINIBALL germanium array and a thin position-sensitive parallel plate avalanche counter (PPAC) to be employed in future experiments at REX-ISOLDE were used in a test experiment performed with a stable 36S beam on deuteron and 9Be targets. It is demonstrated that the Doppler broadening of gamma lines detected by the MINIBALL modules is considerably reduced by exploiting their segmentation, and that for beam intensities up to 10^6 particles/s the PPAC positioned around zero degrees with respect to the beam axis allows not only to significantly reduce the gamma background by requiring coincidences with the transfer products but also to control the beam and its intensity by single particle counting. The predicted large neutron pickup cross sections of neutron-rich light nuclei on 2H and 9Be targets at REX-ISOLDE energies of 2.2 MeV A are confirmed., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2000
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21. The metal-insulator transition in amorphous Si_{1-x}Ni_x: Evidence for Mott's minimum metallic conductivity

Author

Mobius, A., Frenzel, C., Thielsch, R., Rosenbaum, R., Adkins, C. J., Schreiber, M., Bauer, H. -D., Grotzschel, R., Hoffmann, V., Krieg, T., Matz, N., Vinzelberg, H., and Witcomb, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We study the metal-insulator transition in two sets of amorphous Si_{1-x}Ni_x films. The sets were prepared by different, electron-beam-evaporation-based technologies: evaporation of the alloy, and gradient deposition from separate Ni and Si crucibles. The characterization included electron and scanning tunneling microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, and Rutherford back scattering. Investigating the logarithmic temperature derivative of the conductivity, w = d ln sigma / d ln T, we observe that, for insulating samples, w(T) shows a minimum increasing at both low and high T. Both the minimum value of w and the corresponding temperature seem to tend to zero as the transition is approached. The analysis of this feature of w(T,x) leads to the conclusion that the transition in Si_{1-x}Ni_x is very likely discontinuous at zero temperature in agreement with Mott's original views., Comment: RevTex-file: 25 pages, 17 Postscript figures, 1 GIF figure (original Ps file can be obtained on request). Published version. Changes of v2: Sec. VII completed by two paragraphs on nature of transition, several refs. added

Published
1998
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27. An efficient and scalable method for the production of immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLP) from a mammalian suspension cell line

Author

Hirschberg, S., Ghazaani, F., Ben Amor, G., Pydde, M., Nagel, A., Germani, S., Monica, L., Schlör, A., Bauer, H., Hornung, J., Voetz, M., Dwai, Y., Scheer, Benjamin, Ringel, F., Kamal-Eddin, O., Harms, C., Füner, J., Adrian, Lorenz, Pruß, A., Schulze-Forster, K., Hanack, K., Kamhieh-Milz, J., Hirschberg, S., Ghazaani, F., Ben Amor, G., Pydde, M., Nagel, A., Germani, S., Monica, L., Schlör, A., Bauer, H., Hornung, J., Voetz, M., Dwai, Y., Scheer, Benjamin, Ringel, F., Kamal-Eddin, O., Harms, C., Füner, J., Adrian, Lorenz, Pruß, A., Schulze-Forster, K., Hanack, K., and Kamhieh-Milz, J.

Abstract

The rapid evolution of new SARS-CoV-2 variants poses a continuing threat to human health. Vaccination has become the primary therapeutic intervention. The goal of the current work was the construction of immunogenic virus-like particles (VLPs). Here, we describe a human cell line for cost-efficient and scalable production of immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 VLPs. The modular design of the VLP-production platform facilitates rapid adaptation to new variants. Methods: The N, M-, and E-protein genes were integrated into the genome of Expi293 cells (ExpiVLP_MEN). Subsequently, this cell line was further modified for the constitutive expression of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The resulting cell line (ExpiVLP_SMEN) released SARS-CoV-2 VLP upon exposure to doxycycline. ExpiVLP_SMEN cells were readily adapted for VLP production in a 5 L bioreactor. Purified VLPs were quantified by Western blot, ELISA, and nanoparticle tracking analysis and visualized by electron microscopy. Immunogenicity was tested in mice. Results: The generated VLPs contained all four structural proteins, are within the size range of authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus particles, and reacted strongly and specifically with immunoserum from naturally infected individuals. The VLPs were stable in suspension at 4 °C for at least 10 weeks. Mice immunized with VLPs developed neutralizing antibodies against lentiviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The flexibility of the VLP-production platform was demonstrated by the rapid switch of the spike protein to a new variant of concern (BA.1/Omicron). The present study describes an efficient, scalable, and adaptable production method of immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 VLPs with therapeutic potential.

Published
2023

29. A Holistic View on Urea Injection for NOxEmission Control: Impingement, Re-atomization, and Deposit Formation

Author

Dörnhöfer, J., Börnhorst, M., Ates, C., Samkhaniani, N., Pfeil, J., Wörner, M., Koch, R., Bauer, H.-J., Deutschmann, O., Frohnapfel, B., and Koch, T.

Abstract

The injection of urea-water solution (UWS) sprays into engine-close selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems faces developers with complex challenges regarding two-phase flow and deposit formation. Potential spray impact on the static mixing elements inside the exhaust duct can lead to accumulation of liquid film and solid deposits, which may result in detachment of large UWS droplets at the trailing edges of the mixer blades. Present work focuses on the mechanisms of film and deposit formation within the scope of a joint study on spray preparation in the mixing section of SCR systems. A production type SCR exhaust system is used for optical investigations on gas flow and UWS droplets at the mixing element using Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) and Long Distance Microscopy (LDM) with a high-speed camera. Measured shear flows inside the mixing element are up to three times higher than the flow velocity upstream the mixer. Here, a decrease of droplet diameters of detached droplets is revealed with increased shear flow velocity. Characteristic urea deposits are created in a laboratory test bench and their surface structure is measured by use of Confocal Microscopy. Results show highly rough surface structures, which are used as input parameters together with the flow measurements to define the computational domain at the trailing edge of the mixer blades. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is adopted for the numerical simulation of the transient two-phase flow and validated by LDM high-speed recordings of droplet detachment. Comparisons reveal a distinct influence of solid depositions on the re-atomization of the liquid film at the rear edge of the mixer blade. By interface resolving simulations with a phase-field method, the wall impingement of a sequence of large secondary droplets and associated film formation are studied. The results indicate that UWS film formation at the exhaust pipe wall may be reduced by hydrophobic surfaces and high gas velocities near the wall.

Published
2024
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49. Growing Up Urban: Hyena Foraging Groups and Social Structure at a City Waste Dump

Author

Struller, F, Bauer, H, Yirga, G, and Vos, M

Subjects
Biologie
Abstract

Urban spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in Ethiopia are a prime example of large carnivores coexisting with little to no conflict with people in a human-dominated landscape, providing a valuable waste-removal service. To gain insight in how this urban lifestyle persists across generations, we studied hyena group composition at the city waste dump of Mekelle, a regional capital in northern Ethiopia. We found that hyena cubs and sub-adults foraged with adults in groups of highly variable composition. Young urban hyenas already take part in a fission-fusion dynamic that is also characteristic of hyenas in non-urban environments. They do not seem to learn from only one or few close reference adults. Social network analysis revealed no clusters among these dump-visiting hyenas. The number of counted hyenas is furthermore larger than any hyena clan in non-urban areas. All individuals were more or less equally connected to each other, and each hyena had a few connections, but to different individuals. All cubs and sub-adults were connected to each other, over a maximum of four links. Hyenas shared the abundance of food at the waste dump without overt aggression. A much larger number of urban hyenas shares this waste dump at night than would fit into a single forest fragment, such as those associated with orthodox churches where small groups of hyenas have often been observed to rest at daytime. Hyenas appear to commute from different dens and resting sites located around the city, but we have no information on their behavior and group composition away from the dump. We observed no defense of any part of the dump area by any of the foraging groups. In absence of territorial behavior at this city site, the clan concept does not seem to apply to these urban hyenas. Similar to what has been observed in other urban carnivores, individuals at the waste dump behaved as members of conflict-free foraging groups ostensibly sharing food without aggression. Perhaps this is what most strikingly defines their urbanity.

Published
2022

50. The future distribution of wetland birds breeding in Europe validated against observed changes in distribution

Author

Soultan, A., Pavón-Jordán, D., Bradter, U., Sandercock, B., Hochachka, W., Johnston, A., Brommer, J., Gaget, E., Keller, V., Knaus, P., Aghababyan, K., Maxhuni, Q., Vintchevski, A., Nagy, K., Raudonikis, L., Balmer, D., Noble, D., Leitão, D., Øien, I.J., Shimmings, P., Sultanov, E., Caffrey, B., Boyla, K., Radišić, D., Lindström, Å., Velevski, M., Pladevall, C., Brotons, L., Karel, Š., Rajković, D.Z., Chodkiewicz, T., Wilk, T., Tibor, S., van Turnhout, C., Foppen, R., Burfield, I., Vikstrøm, T., Mazal, V.D., Eaton, M., Vorisek, P., Lehikoinen, A., Herrando, S., Kuzmenko, T., Bauer, H.-G., Kalyakin, M., Voltzit, O., Sjeničić, J., Pärt, T., Soultan, A., Pavón-Jordán, D., Bradter, U., Sandercock, B., Hochachka, W., Johnston, A., Brommer, J., Gaget, E., Keller, V., Knaus, P., Aghababyan, K., Maxhuni, Q., Vintchevski, A., Nagy, K., Raudonikis, L., Balmer, D., Noble, D., Leitão, D., Øien, I.J., Shimmings, P., Sultanov, E., Caffrey, B., Boyla, K., Radišić, D., Lindström, Å., Velevski, M., Pladevall, C., Brotons, L., Karel, Š., Rajković, D.Z., Chodkiewicz, T., Wilk, T., Tibor, S., van Turnhout, C., Foppen, R., Burfield, I., Vikstrøm, T., Mazal, V.D., Eaton, M., Vorisek, P., Lehikoinen, A., Herrando, S., Kuzmenko, T., Bauer, H.-G., Kalyakin, M., Voltzit, O., Sjeničić, J., and Pärt, T.

Abstract

Wetland bird species have been declining in population size worldwide as climate warming and land-use change affect their suitable habitats. We used species distribution models (SDMs) to predict changes in range dynamics for 64 non-passerine wetland birds breeding in Europe, including range size, position of centroid, and margins. We fitted the SDMs with data collected for the first European Breeding Bird Atlas (EBBA1) and climate and land-use data to predict distributional changes over a century (the 1970s–2070s). The predicted annual changes were then compared to observed annual changes in range size and range centroid over a time period of 30 years using data from the second European Breeding Bird Atlas (EBBA2). Our models successfully predicted ca. 75% of the 64 bird species to contract their breeding range in the future, while the remaining species (mostly southerly breeding species) were predicted to expand their breeding ranges northward. The northern margins of southerly species and southern margins of northerly species, both, predicted to shift northward. Predicted changes in range size and shifts in range centroids were broadly positively associated with the observed changes, although some species deviated markedly from the predictions. The predicted average shift in core distributions was ca. 5 km/year towards the north (5% Northeast, 45% North, and 40% Northwest), compared to a slower observed average shift of ca. 3.9 km/year. Predicted changes in range centroids were generally larger than observed changes, which suggests that bird distribution changes may lag behind environmental changes leading to "climate debt. We suggest that predictions of SDMs should be viewed as qualitative rather than quantitative outcomes, indicating that care should be taken concerning single species. Still, our results highlight the urgent need for management actions such as wetland creation and restoration to improve wetland birds' resilience to the expected environmental cha

Published
2022

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