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Traumatic peripheral nerve injury (TPNI) is quite common in various types of acral trauma. It mostly passes unnoticed at the time of the initial trauma. The patients are usually sent for an ultrasound (US) assessment about 4 weeks following the trauma, after the electrophysiological changes are established. This paper presents a 5‐year experience of US findings of TPNI through 60 cases, who were examined as an outpatient with clinical and electrodiagnostic (EDX) tests suggesting nerve injury. The study population includes 40 males, 20 females, and mean age 34.4 ± 16.3. Upper limb nerves were more affected than the lower ones, with no significant difference between the right and left sides. Mechanisms of injury include laceration in 53.4% of cases, 38.3% had history of traction injury and only 8.3% had history of compression/contusion injury. Regarding the severity grading of the injuries, long segments of thickened separate or matted fascicles (Grades I and II) was found in 27 (40.9%) nerves; partial disruption with interstitial neuroma (Grade III) in 15 (22.7%) nerves; complete disruption (neurotmesis) (Grade IV) in 24 (36.4%) case. The integrity of six repaired nerves was also assessed. Muscle states within the territory of the motor nerve were always assessed, 62.9% of cases had decreased muscle bulk, 28.6% had muscle atrophy, and the remaining was normal. EDX testing results of 44 out of 60 patients was severe in 14 cases (31.8%), moderate in 15 cases (34.1%), mild in 11 case (25%), and normal in four cases (9.1%). The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the US is a convenient neuroimaging tool by which we can accurately determine the level and the degree of peripheral nerve damage to plan the appropriate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Takayasu's arteritis should be kept under the differential diagnosis of stroke in all young patients. Early, proper diagnosis and treatment are necessary to reduce any further progression, morbidity, and mortality rates of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Soft-tissue chondroma (STC) is a rare benign soft tissue tumor that arises primarily in acral extra-skeletal locations. Occasionally, STCs may arise in more proximal non-acral locations, accompanied by non-classic features that label them as indeterminate lesions and pose diagnostic challenge for both radiologists and pathologists alike. Purpose To explicate the potential of diagnostic imaging in the identification and characterization of appendicular non-acral STCs with emphasis on their morphologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement. Material and Methods Our clinical database records were searched for patients with histologically proven primary soft-tissue chondroid lesions over a five-year period. Two musculoskeletal (MSK) trained radiologists evaluated the imaging studies and an MSK pathologist revised the pathological findings. Results The study included six cases of appendicular non-acral STCs (mean age = 40.5 years). The mean size of the tumors was 5.6 cm, with four localized to the knee region, one in the thigh, and one in the sternoclavicular region. All cases showed high signal intensity matrix with low-signal intensity septa on T2-weighted MRI and post-contrast marginal/septal enhancement. The lesions were lobulated and lacked host tissue reaction except for one showing subjacent mild soft-tissue edema. Histologically, the cases lacked overt features of malignancy although one was originally misdiagnosed as chondrosarcoma. Conclusion Non-acral STCs are benign cartilaginous tumors that may pose a diagnostic challenge, both radiologically and pathologically. Collaborative imaging and pathologic workup is needed for better characterization of non-aggression of these lesions, and to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and unnecessary radical resections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]