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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus is the chief cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children which causes mild to severe symptoms. Aim: To assess mothers' knowledge and practices regarding care of their children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Subjects and Method: Research design: A descriptive research design was utilized. Setting: The research was conducted at pediatric out-patient clinic for respiratory diseases at Minia university hospital for obstetrics and pediatrics Subjects: A purposive sample of 322 mothers and their children under five years with acute respiratory tract infections. Tools: Tool (I): Respiratory syncytial virus knowledge questionnaire covering the demographic characteristics of the studied mothers and their knowledge regarding Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Tool (II): Mothers reported practices regarding care of children with RSV Results: The majority of mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledge and unsatisfactory level of reported practices regarding Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Additionally, there was a statistically significant relation between mother's personal as well as social data and their total knowledge and reported practices concerning Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Also, there was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between mother's total knowledge and total reported practices. Conclusion: The mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledge and reported practices regarding care of their children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Recommendations: Educational program for mothers could be conducted to raise their knowledge and to improve their practices regarding care of children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have developed highly sensitive and selective non‐enzymatic bioinspired polydopamine derived nitrogen rich carbon (NC) coated bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (BM‐ZIF) electrochemical sensor via simple hydrothermal approach for monitoring adrenaline (AD) from COVID‐19 quarantined person blood and pharmaceutical sample. The designed NC‐BM‐ZIF electrode shows excellent sensitive and selective performance towards AD monitoring with detection limit (LOD) of 0.01 nM and 0.1931 μA/nM/cm2 sensitivity over a wide linear range of 50–1625 nM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of using of NC‐BM‐ZIF electrode for the electrochemical sensing of AD from quarantined person blood and pharmaceutical sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective nanocomposite sensor for selective electroanalytical dopamine (DA) determination using overoxidized conducting polymer of poly‐1,5‐diaminonaphthalene (OPoly‐1,5‐DAN) functionalized graphene nanosheets (GNS) was achieved. The OPoly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS nanocomposite polymer was prepared via an electropolymerization of 1,5‐DAN on GNS/GCE after 7 cycles of potential scan (−0.2 V to +0.9 V), followed by an electrooveroxidation of the nanocomposite Poly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS by the potential cycle (0.0 V to +1.8 V) for 2 scans. The OPoly‐1,5‐DAN was effectively designed by GNS as a uniformly distribution of nanocomposite that caused more accumulations of analyte due to large electrocatalytic active positions created on electrode surface. The high specific and sensitive performance of the OPoly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS nanocomposite polymer was conducted to greater effective electrons transferring behavior for DA with copresent of vitamin C (VC). The stable and suitable formation of OPoly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS nanocomposite polymer showed rapid charge transport voltammogram and obvious electrocatalytic activity to DA and eliminated VC response. Moreover, the OPoly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS displays an excellent responses to DA determination with wide linear range (LR) 1.0–150 μM and lower detection limit (DL) 8.82±0.1 nM as comparing with other studies. Additionally, the excellent reproducibility of OPoly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS as well as long‐term stability indicated that it is an excellent and effective electrochemical DA sensor. Finally, the electroanalytical application of the OPoly‐1,5‐DAN/GNS nanocomposite polymer was employed for the electroanalysis of DA in human urine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabrication of nonenzymatic biosensors based on the nanomaterials for highly sensitive and selective detection of single or multiple molecules coexisting in one biological sample is extremely challenging. Design of the hierarchical nanohexagonal Fe2O3 platelets (HFP) via one-pot hydrothermal treatment was employed for selective signaling of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) with high sensitivity. Electrode design with the nanosized structure of parallel hexagonal platelets (20-40 nm), high surface area, multiactive site, smooth surface, and pore distribution inside/outside the surfaces renders excellent sensitivity and selectivity of DA and UA during the catalytic oxidation process. Simultaneous monitoring and selective signaling of DA and UA were successfully achieved by HFP with detection limits as low as 16 nM and 0.218 μM with a wide linear range from 1 to 200 μM and from 20 to 400 μM for DA and UA, respectively. HFP provides high stability and reproducibility with relative standard deviations in the range of 2.5-5.29% to monitor DA and UA. Furthermore, continuous monitoring of DA and UA in real human saliva/serum samples was realized with high sensitivity and selectivity. The designed HFP can be employed as a nonenzymatic biosensor for simultaneous detection of mono-bioactive molecules in the biological samples.The electrooxidation of DA and UA at the surfaces of Fe2O3.The electrocatalytic active sites bind with the DA and UA through hydrogen bonds at the surface of Fe2O3. Through the DPV or CV scanning, the electrooxidation of DA and UA proceeded and the oxidized form quinolone-DA and keto-UA were obtained with losing of 2e−/2H+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new analytical strategy based on potentiostatically pretreated graphene/CNT nanocomposite encapsulated Au nanoparticles (AuNPs/PPG/CNT) for the fabrication of H2O2 sensor was developed. The PPG/CNT nanocomposite was obtained through the potentiostatical of G and CNT mixture solution at an applied potential of −1.8 V, while AuNPs were immobilized on the PPG/CNT film via the produced active sites in the nanocomposite structure. The morphology and structure of the AuNPs/PPG/CNT nanocomposite were investigated by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The nanocomposite displays intensive electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H2O2 by enhancing the cathodic peak current and completely eliminating the interference of other species. The AuNPs/PPG/CNT sensor showed an excellent amperometric response to H2O2 reduction with linear range from 1.0-150 µM and detection limit of 0.017 µM. Moreover, the sensor showed good reproducibility as well as anti-interfering ability and long term stability. In addition, the proposed sensor was further applied for analytical determination of H2O2 in human urine real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] AgNPs modified Ox-pTTBA/MWCNT nanocomposite film for highly sensitive and selective H2O2 sensor. [•] Fast amperometric response with lowest detection limit was obtained for H2O2. [•] The reliability of the proposed sensor was evaluated using real samples analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Herein, a feasible chemical reduction method followed by intensive mixing was applied for the preparation of an attractive material based on graphite studded with cuprous oxide nanoparticle-based cubes (Cu2ONPs–C@G). Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were utilized for characterization. Cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2ONPs), with a diameter range mainly distributed from 4 to 20 nm, aggregate to form microcubes (Cu2ONPs–C) with an average diameter of about 367 nm. Paste electrode was prepared using Cu2ONPs–C@G (Cu2ONPs–C@G/PE) for voltametric quantification of the musculotropic antispasmodic drug: mebeverine hydrochloride (MEB). The electrochemical behavior of MEB was studied using CV, and the optimum analytical parameters were investigated using square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SWAdASV). Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) was used to emphasize the ability of MEB to form a complex with Cu2+, confirming the suggested electrochemical behavior of MEB at Cu2ONPs–C@G/PE. With good stability and high reproducibility, SWAdASV of Cu2ONPs–C@G/PE shows successful quantification of MEB over the concentration range of 5.00 × 10−11–1.10 × 10−9 M with lower limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 2.41 × 10−11 M and 8.05 × 10−11 M, respectively. Finally, accurate quantification of MEB in dosage forms (tablets) and biological fluids (spiked human urine and plasma samples) was achieved using Cu2ONPs-C@G/PE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifunctional nanoparticles, which incorporate diagnostic (quantum dots, magnetic, metallic, polymeric and silica nanoparticles) and/or therapeutic (magnetic and metallic nanoparticles) properties, are in the process of development. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. The surface of gold nanoparticles can be tailored by ligand functionalization to selectively bind biomarkers. Thiol-linking of DNA and chemical functionalization of gold nanoparticles for specific protein/antibody binding are the most common approaches. Several methods have been utilized for detecting AuNPs such as scanometric, fluorescence, colorimetric, surface-enhanced Raman scattering and electrochemical techniques. These unique aspects have allowed the development of novel AuNP-based assays for clinical diagnostics which promise increased sensitivity and specificity, multiplexing capability, and short turnaround times. This article focuses on nanoparticle, application in clinical diagnosis and therapeutics especially with reference with gold nanoparticle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]