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It is shown that an anisotropic [Formula: see text]-fold system of hermitian forms over a quaternion algebra in characteristic two remains anisotropic over all odd degree extensions of the base field. It is also shown that an anisotropic orthogonal involution on a central simple algebra of co-index 3 in characteristic two is anisotropic over any odd degree extension of the ground field.

A system of quadratic forms is associated to every generalised quadratic form over a division algebra with involution of the first kind in characteristic two. It is shown that this system determines the isotropy behaviour and the isometry class of generalised quadratic forms. An application of this construction to the Witt index of generalised quadratic forms is also given.

Quadratic descent of hermitian and skew hermitian forms over division algebras with involution of the first kind in arbitrary characteristic is investigated and a criterion, in terms of systems of quadratic forms, is obtained. A refined result is also obtained for hermitian (resp. skew hermitian) forms over a quaternion algebra with symplectic (resp. orthogonal) involution.

The second trace form of biquaternion algebras with involution of the first kind is investigated. It is shown that how this form is related to the pfaffians of these algebras with involution. As an application, a classification of biquaternion algebras with symplectic and decomposable orthogonal involution, in terms of their second trace form, is obtained.

It is shown that an anisotropic orthogonal involution in characteristic two is totally decomposable if it is totally decomposable over a separable extension of the ground field. In particular, this settles a characteristic two analogue of a conjecture formulated by Bayer-Fluckiger et al.

We define the notion of metabolicity index of involutions of the first kind in characteristic two. It is shown that this index is preserved over odd degree extensions of the base field. Also, its behavior over finite separable extensions is studied. As an application, it is shown that an orthogonal involution on a central simple algebra of degree a power of two which is either anisotropic or metabolic is totally decomposable if it is totally decomposable over some separable extension of the ground field. This result is then used to strengthen an earlier result of the author which proves a characteristic two counterpart of a conjecture concerning Pfister involutions formulated by Bayer-Fluckiger et al.

In characteristic two, some criteria are obtained for a symmetric square-central element of a totally decomposable algebra with orthogonal involution, to be contained in an invariant quaternion subalgebra.

In characteristic two, it is shown that a central simple algebra of degree equal to a power of two with anisotropic orthogonal involution is totally decomposable, if it becomes either anisotropic or metabolic over all extensions of the ground field. A similar result is obtained for the case where this algebra with involution is Brauer-equivalent to a quaternion algebra and it becomes adjoint to a bilinear Pfister form over all splitting fields of the algebra.

It is shown that two totally decomposable algebras with involution of orthogonal type over a field of characteristic two are isomorphic if and only if they are chain equivalent.

We study some properties of quadratic forms with values in a field whose underlying vector spaces are endowed with the structure of right vector spaces over a division ring extension of that field. Some generalized notions of isotropy, metabolicity and isometry are introduced and used to find a Witt decomposition for these forms. We then associate to every (skew) hermitian form over a division algebra with involution of the first kind a quadratic form defined on its underlying vector space. It is shown that this quadratic form, with its generalized notions of isotropy and isometry, can be used to determine the isotropy behaviour and the isometry class of (skew) hermitian forms.

The algebra of similitudes of totally singular generalized quadratic forms in characteristic two is investigated. It is shown that this algebra satisfies certain functorial properties. An application of this study to central simple algebras with orthogonal involutions is also given.

Among the involutions of a Clifford algebra, those induced by the involutions of the orthogonal group are the most natural ones. In this work, several basic properties of these involutions, such as the relations between their invariants, their occurrences, and their decompositions, are investigated.

In characteristic two, we determine all possible total decompositions of a totally decomposable algebra with orthogonal involution into tensor products of quaternion algebras with involution.

The question of whether a split tensor product of quaternion algebras with involution over a field of characteristic two can be expressed as a tensor product of split quaternion algebras with involution, is shown to have an affirmative answer.

We associate to every central simple algebra with involution of orthogonal type in characteristic two a totally singular quadratic form which reflects certain anisotropy properties of the involution. It is shown that this quadratic form can be used to classify totally decomposable algebras with orthogonal involution. Also, using this form, a criterion is obtained for an orthogonal involution on a split algebra to be conjugated to the transpose involution.

The problem of whether a metabolic idempotent of a central simple algebra with involution is contained in an invariant quaternion subalgebra is investigated. As an application, the similar problem is studied for skew-symmetric elements whose squares lie in the square of the underlying field.

A totally singular quadratic form is associated to any central simple algebra with orthogonal involution in characteristic two. It is shown that the given involution is isotropic if and only if its corresponding quadratic form is isotropic.

We investigate the quadratic descent of totally decomposable algebras with involution of orthogonal type in characteristic two. Both separable and inseparable extensions are included.

A necessary and sufficient condition for a central simple algebra with involution over a field of characteristic two to be decomposable as a tensor product of quaternion algebras with involution, in terms of its Frobenius subalgebras, is given. It is also proved that a bilinear Pfister form, recently introduced by A. Dolphin, can classify totally decomposable central simple algebras of orthogonal type.