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Illite is a common layered silicate mineral in the Earth's crust. Ammonium illite can be formed when NH+4 is located in the interlayers of illite. The identification of ammonium illite mineralogical characteristics and the thermostability of interlayered NH+4 can provide an important basis for understanding the geochemical cycling of nitrogen. The mineralogical characteristics and thermal stability of ammonium illite collected from gangue in Xinjing coal mine of Yangquan city, Shanxi province, were comprehensively investigated with spectroscopic, electron microscopic, and thermal analyses, and using illite(its interlayered cation is K+)as a reference. The results show that the ratio of NH+4 to total interlayer cations in ammonium illite is about 0.86, and the basal spacing(10.344 Å)of ammonium illite is significantly larger than that(9.973 Å)of illite; meanwhile, the intensity ratio of the(002):(003)diffraction peaks of ammonium illite is about 1:1, whereas the corresponding ratio for illite is about 1:3; in the tetrahedral sheets of ammonium illite, the isomorphous substitution of Al3+ for Si4+(Al3+ → Si4+)widely exists, leading to a layer charge density of approximately 0.85; the presence of interlayeredNH+4 does not have a significant impact on the layered silicate framework of illite, but it can cause a blue shift in the structural hydroxyl groups; the inter layered NH+4 of ammonium illite exhibits good thermostability; at temperatures ranging from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, NH+4 gradually decomposes with the loss of structural hydroxyl groups; this suggests that interlayered NH+4 reacts with the structural hydroxyl groups during heating, resulting in the formation of NH3 and H2O. These research results contribute to a deep understanding of the mineralogical characteristics and thermostability of ammonium illite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Modifying 3D tubular DNA origami nanostructures (DONs) onto the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) membrane surface to obtain DONs@MSCs. Utilizing the characteristics of MSCs homing lung tissue to achieve targeted delivery of DONs to the lungs of mice. Methods The computer-aided tools for DNA sequence were used to design and obtain obtain pre-designed DONs. The morphology of assembled DONs was characterized by atomic force microscopy(AFM), and the upload of functional groups was verified by agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). Fluorescent labeled single-strand DNA(ssDNA) was modified on the surface of MSCs using biological orthometabolic sugar engineering. According to the principle of complementary base pairing, DONs were modified on the MSCs surface. Using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry to detect the ssDNA and DONs, and using in vivo imaging to observe the distribution of DONs in lung tissue. Results DONs had been successfully assembled. MSCs membrane surface was successfully modified with ssDNA, and DONs were successfully hybridized to obtain DONs@MSCs. Compared to DONs, the enrichment of DONs@MSCs in the lungs of mice was significantly enhanced. Conclusions DONs@MSCs can be used for DONs targeted delivery to lung tissue of mice. This method provides a new strategy for drug delivery of DONs in lung tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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