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Mary E. Wilkins Freeman, a New England writer, focused on the experiences of women in her stories, depicting their struggles with poverty and patriarchal barriers. Despite her own unconventional choices, such as delaying marriage and not having children, Freeman opposed women's suffrage. In a recently recovered essay, she expressed her belief that women already had sufficient rights granted by the Constitution and that active participation in the suffrage movement would compromise their womanhood and domestic responsibilities. She also argued that women's involvement in politics and clubs would not be supported by their husbands and families. [Extracted from the article]

The caste system in India traditionally confers immense prestige to upper caste Brahmins and severely curtails the backward castes. In spite of institutional efforts to diminish caste-based discrimination, several contemporary studies underscore the invisible ways in which caste operates. The central question that this article asks is, 'How do Brahmins maintain and assert their privilege today?'. Focusing on the Brahmin residents of Deulpota (village in West Bengal) and rural Brahmin migrants in Kolkata (city), I trace their social networks to learn about how Brahmins subtly maintain their status and privilege in day-to-day life. I argue that Brahmins form and maintain social networks in ways which innocuously preserve their privileges through social capital accessed from diverse asymmetrical relations. These privileges and advantages are sustained through Brahmins' networks of the instrumental kind. Wealthy Brahmins forge these relations to preserve their social position, their family lineage and to control the subordinates while the struggling resource-poor Brahmins use their caste position to cope with impediments of their class status. As such, this study shows how being Brahmin allows for easier access to important instrumental relations (which are not merely caste-based) and resources embedded in them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the identity of students at an elite high school and how it contributes to privilege and inequality. Thirty‐two students from an elite high school in Israel were interviewed to examine two main questions: What characterizes these students' identity? How does their identity impact the cultivation and fostering of privilege and inequality? The findings identify three components of the elite student identity: (1) entitlement, as a natural experience of privilege and a developed awareness of rights; (2) the emotional burden of a competitive culture, leading to pressure to attain mind and body perfection and evoking feelings of hyper‐self‐consciousness; and (3) consequences of this burden, including pursuing corrective treatments, engaging in ethical transgressions and hazardous behaviors, and internal feelings of emptiness. The discussion interprets these characteristics of the elite student's identity in the context of their learning experience at an elite school, highlighting the consequences of these characteristics for cultivating and maintaining class privilege and social inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This anthropological study focuses on spatially ordered dimensions of sociocultural life in Kontula, a suburban housing estate located at the urban margins of Helsinki, Finland. With a notorious reputation since its construction in the 1960s, it has come to represent the numerous ills of contemporary urbanity, from poverty and substance abuse to failed immigration policies. Its urban transformation is explored as the entanglement of imagination and materiality, a make-believe space that privileges neither the social constructionist nor the purely materialist perspective. I study the everyday life of its inhabitants as recurring and routinized episodes, occasionally interrupted by events that disturb its embodied flow and force inhabitants to reflect upon their spatially situated practices. I argue that the everyday encounters in rapidly transforming Kontula are simultaneously experienced as absurd and ordinary, and constitute the ordering principles of its affective geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a blend of personal narrative and a survey of recent historical scholarship on gender, race and reproduction, this article asks readers to consider how our own proximity to power, privilege and oppression shapes the ways we approach the study of history. It argues that age‐old disciplinary dogmas exist for a reason and they can unintentionally limit our imaginations. It also suggests how those of us for whom the academy was never intended can help push those scholarly boundaries and perhaps even breathe new life into a disappearing discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to compare two groups of Jewish women, native-born and migrants, who reside in Brussels regarding their social integration into native-born Jewish and non-Jewish communities and the acculturation strategies they employ. It seems that Brussels is not as socially and culturally open, as perceived by the interviewees. Hence, the social networks of women in our study, as well as their acculturation patterns, differ in degree of separation between native-born Jewish women, non-Israeli immigrants and Israeli immigrants. The former maintain social networks characterized by fluid boundaries between them and the majority society, whereas non-Israeli immigrants are characterized by shared, not very dense networks with the native-born Jewish community and diasporic networks. Finally, Israeli women are characterized by almost completely closed social networks, which can be defined as a distinct "Israeli bubble." As for their acculturation strategies, native-born women are those who are more integrated among non-Jews and native-born Jews, as expected from their familiarity with the culture and their long-term interactions, despite being partially marginalized as minority. Migrant women are less integrated and more separated from both native-born Jews and – to a larger extent – from non-Jews; so are Israelis. Social networks which gradually become communities are mainly created by women and maintained by them over the years. Therefore, the study of social networks, their structure and construction through daily interactions, and their contribution to the ethnic-diasporic community building have become the source of women's strength in the host country – as immigrants and as a native-born minority group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholarship demonstrated the major role of inheritance and kinship for elite's power reproduction, particularly among noble families. In the absence of monarchic and court structures, ruling classes that enjoyed privileges and engaged in social closure could become the functional equivalent of a nobility. In this paper, we examine the evolution of the power of Swiss patrician families in the three major Swiss cities (Basel, Geneva, and Zurich) since the end of the nineteenth century and assess whether urban oligarchies endure in the twentieth century and what role kinship ties play in the reproduction of power structures. Building on a systematic database of 5,199 urban elites who hold power positions in the main economic, political, academic, and cultural institutions, we describe the evolution of Swiss patrician families between 1890 and 1957. Using social network, kinship, and sequence analysis, we provide a comprehensive investigation of the Swiss patrician elite's evolution at both the individual and the family level. Our analyses show a general decline of patrician families' presence in urban positions of power, however with significant variations according to both the cities and the spheres of activity. Furthermore, we identify distinct trajectories of families who have either lost their access to power positions, managed to access again or have remained in urban power positions according to different survival strategies. Beyond the Swiss case, we contribute to the literature on power and kinship through an interdisciplinary approach combining historical and sociological perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the relationship between Whiteness and Mestizaje–the idea of a 'race made of the mixture of other races'–in the context of Mexican public administration. It argues that Mestizaje promotes a raceless or 'color-evasive' narrative that has historically prevented the discussion of race and ethnoracial inequalities in Mexico; sustains Whiteness in public organizations, and creates the conditions for White supremacy, as an uneven distribution of social privileges and penalties along ethnoracial lines benefitting White people. Ultimately, these three aspects of the Mestizaje ideology and its connection with Whiteness could be preventing the advancement of social equity in Mexico. Moreover, the reflections presented here are potentially insightful for other contexts in which raceless and/or color-evasive narratives are prevalent as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gender pay gap or gender gap is a relative disparity between women and men which is reflected in a variety of sectors in many societies. This difference exists in many countries and industries and is often related to factors such as occupational segregation, and differences in education and experience. The gender gap must also be considered in the context of gender inequality. The focus of this paper is to analyse the gender pay gap and gender inequality in participation in the labour market in Albanian society. Albanian society is committed to and has made significant progress towards gender equality policies. However, the gender gap is still present. The paper aims to analyse and interpret indicators of the Albanian gender pay gap in the context of culture of gender roles. Cultural values and socio-cultural conditions of one's society significantly impact the gender gap. The paper will highlight the sources of the gender gap in Albania as cultural and socio-economic. Understanding the gender inequality in Albanian society requires a complex analysis that examines the impact of socialisation, cultural norms and values, the division of gender roles, access to public life and the social privileges that gendering creates asymmetrically for men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioethics increasingly recognizes the impact of discriminatory practices based on social categories such as race, gender, sexual orientation or ability on clinical practice. Accordingly, major bioethics associations have stressed that identifying and countering structural discrimination in clinical ethics consultations is a professional obligation of clinical ethics consultants. Yet, it is still unclear how clinical ethics consultants can fulfill this obligation. More specifically, clinical ethics needs both theoretical tools to analyze and practical strategies to address structural discrimination within clinical ethics consultations. Intersectionality, a concept developed in Black feminist scholarship, is increasingly considered in bioethical theory. It stresses how social structures and practices determine social positions of privilege and disadvantage in multiple, mutually co-constitutive systems of oppression. This article aims to investigate how intersectionality can contribute to addressing structural discrimination in clinical ethics consultations with a particular focus on mental healthcare. To this end, we critically review existing approaches for clinical ethics consultants to address structural racism in clinical ethics consultations and extend them by intersectional considerations. We argue that intersectionality is a suitable tool to address structural discrimination within clinical ethics consultations and show that it can be practically implemented in two complementary ways: 1) as an analytic approach and 2) as a critical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why do affluent people drive used cars, elite chefs praise basic ingredients, and upper‐middle couples arrange backyard weddings? What makes senior professors feel comfortable dressing down and allows men to bring their kids into the office? This article takes a formal sociological approach to explore the cultural phenomenon of "Status Downplay"—a paradoxical type of status display, where more social status is signaled through a subtraction of status symbols. The trans‐contextual analysis of diverse manifestations of status downplay uncovers the inverted cultural presumptions of "doing" and "being" and the hierarchical classifications underlying such parodical presentation of self. The proposed semiotic model articulates the social privilege of unmarked actors' performative flexibility: the social license of those considered "normals" to deviate from the performative norm. Under this asymmetrical structure, status underdoings are revealed as markers of cultural dominance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to highlight the extensive tradition of Psychology in social intervention, as well as its relevance in both the public and private spheres. It is important to highlight this circumstance because the new generation of social services laws, and other regulatory texts linked to them, are generating a series of changes in the structure and functioning of primary care teams, privileging the discipline of Social Work in relation to Psychology and Social Education. The figure of the reference professional linked exclusively to Social Work represents in fact an inadequate and unfair reserve of activity and is endangering interdisciplinary and comprehensive care for the user. Furthermore, psychology professionals are disappearing from areas of care where they have traditionally worked. We think that a law regulating the professions of social intervention could be the opportunity to address the problems that social intervention currently has. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How important is atheism for Jewish history and Jews for the history of atheism? Modern Jewish histories have tended to focus on Jewish secularization rather than atheism, and historical surveys of atheism in the West have tended to neglect the Jewish experience which is subsumed in the Judeo-Christian tradition. It is possible to make the case that the secularization narrative privileges social change over Jewish intellectual engagement with non-belief, and that just as Jewish and Christian conceptions of theism differ, so do their atheisms. Jewish historical attitudes towards atheism are complicated and have shifted over time. Here, skeptical tendencies, that is, attitudes and ideas that would be associated later with atheism, will be considered alongside claims about atheism per se. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article traces the history of attempts to institute compulsory voting in the U.S. during the Progressive Era and presents pro-democracy and reformers' arguments on compulsory voting. Topics discussed include Colonial Era statutes imposing fines for non-voting, legislative and academic efforts to institute compulsory voting, compulsory voting proposals from the 1930s to the present, right to vote as a privilege or duty, voter turnout and state enforcement of compulsory voting.

In the book "Freud's patients: a book of lives" by Borch-Jacobsen, the author explores the lives of Freud's patients beyond the famous case studies. The book provides factual accounts of 38 patients who sought psychoanalysis due to significant suffering, offering new findings based on expanded archival access. The author presents sketches and short portraits of the patients, allowing readers to glimpse into their lives and understand their reasons for seeking help. The book also sheds light on Freud's practice and attitudes, including his connections with patients from similar social classes and his daughter Anna Freud's role in controlling historians' narratives of psychoanalysis. Overall, the book offers a cautionary tale about the hazards of applying a meta-narrative to others and highlights the importance of considering diverse perspectives. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Following Pease's recommendation of interrogating personal privileges to critically self-reflect one's position and situation relative to others, this study aimed to construct a preliminary framework to interrogate STEM students' learning privileges during the pandemic. Coined as the learning privilege divide, it is defined as a framework to systematically analyze the extent of privileges and disparities present among students in terms of accessibility and degree of experiencing of specific learning privileges. It is composed of eight (8) major categories of privilege (technological considerations, learning resources, overall well-being, home-school balance, school-based assistance, financial considerations, individual learning capabilities, and external learning support), four (4) within-category indicators (minimal, limited, moderate, high), and four (4) learning privilege descriptors (marginalized, socially disadvantaged, moderately privileged, & highly privileged). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines everyday life as a site of refugee politics by zooming in on lived experiences of Syrian male refugees in relation to exclusionary state and public discourses in the Netherlands. I use literature on place-making, encounter and boundary work to explore how privilege, visibility and recognition in public spaces are negotiated. The findings emphasize the messy realities of everyday life, differentiated experiences of oppression and privilege, and the way spatiality and intersectionality are articulated in these experiences. Syrian men experience increased visibility along the lines of gender, race and religion, but counter hostile discourses by claiming space and belonging in everyday places. Moreover, they strategically construct boundaries between themselves and other Syrian men to avoid misrecognition and not-belonging. The insights into intersectional variation are important to nuance the category of Syrian male refugees and raise questions about the unequal social relationships created and reinforced by integration frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main limitations of Carroll Pyramid Model is that it does not consider the differences in the dynamics of each business sector; nor has there been an adequate theoretical justification of the relative relevance of each of the four dimensions that compose it. This study explores the Social Responsibility practices reported by Credit Unions from the Carroll's Pyramid for a) establishing what type of information (economic, legal, ethical or discretionary) they are privileging in their Social Balance Sheet reports and b) recognizing to what extent there are differences in the way the model is expressed in this economic sector. To accomplish this, a qualitative research study was conducted through a content analysis of the social balance reports of 20 Colombian Credit Unions. The results show that the Carroll's Pyramid can adopt another type of order in the dimensions that compose it (economic, legal, ethical and discretionary), depending on the economic sector being studied or the type of organization being explored, however, differences found regarding Carroll's model were not radical as the differences found in other research which found a fully inverted pyramid. These findings pose challenges for cooperative organizations regarding compliance with the 2030 agenda and the mandatory annual report of Social Balance Sheet in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Obesity has historically been seen as a sign of wealth and social privilege, as can be inferred from studying the ancient works. We aimed to report the causes, diagnostic approaches, and treatment among the authentic books of traditional Iranian medicine. Methods: We searched the original versions of historical books and used a narrative approach to report the history of obesity. Results: Obesity was often seen as an indicator of complete health. Obesity in healthy women was a requirement for beauty, based on descriptions of women from the Zoroaster period and from antiquity to the late Qajar period. This point of view existed during various ages. However, after the constitutional period, the view of obesity changed into that of an illness, due to modern ideas and offshore role models, especially during the Pahlavi era. This change led to serious attempts to treat obesity. Obesity is a critical problem that needs immediate attention to prevent substantial health consequences. Different medical paradigms have presented their criteria and foundations throughout history. The emphasis of Iranian alternative medicine was on prevention and the maintenance of health, with the next step being treatment. Prevention, treatment, consuming medicinal plants, and recovery have often been written about in the traditional books of medicine. Conclusions: Throughout the traditional Iranian medical texts, physicians have made recommendations about maintaining an appropriate body weight. The best treatment was prevention and a healthy lifestyle. The treatments for controlling and restricting obesity included paying attention to nourishment, mobility, and even the habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pervasiveness of digital media renders people constantly connected. Digital inequality theory tends to focus on how socio-digital factors link to technology access, skills, uses, and opportunities derived from such use. It is not clear, however, whether this theoretical lens applies to a time of heightened connection when privilege may also explain intended disconnection. Drawing on data from 1,551 U.S. adults surveyed during the pandemic, we find that younger age, higher education, frequent Internet use, less dependable access, and better skills are related to partaking in voluntary nonuse (e.g. having technology-free moments, switching off the Internet). As digital disconnection emerges from a place of socio-digital privilege as well as disadvantage, in a society of technology abundance, new inequalities arise around who has the freedom to use it in moderation rather than use it at all. Our study extends theoretical notions from digital inequality to the realm of voluntary digital nonuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its central role in social work practice and education, little is known about how social justice is operationalized within the discipline. One aspect that may shed light on how the field engages the construct of social justice is through understanding more about recognition of privilege. This study examines how demographic differences, psychosocial predictors, and social work program variables may be related to increased levels of heterosexual and cisgender privilege awareness among social work students. In the heterosexual privilege model (N = 585), increased privilege awareness was associated with identifying as a cisgender woman, a more liberal political orientation, completing a course on power, privilege, and oppression, a critical endorsement of social justice, and being a 2-year MSW or doctoral student. In the cisgender privilege model (N = 758), predictors of increased privilege awareness included identifying as a cisgender woman, identifying as gay, a more liberal political orientation, completing a course on power, privilege, and oppression, a critical endorsement of social justice, and being a 2-year MSW or doctoral student. The findings demonstrate the importance of understanding social justice from a critical perspective and for educators to effectively communicate the connections between social justice and social work practice. Effective strategies to do this are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manon Garcia's book, "We Are Not Born Submissive," explores the role of women's submission in perpetuating patriarchy. Garcia defines submission as a form of consent, where women actively choose not to pursue freedom. She argues that feminism should address this phenomenon and study its manifestations in women's lives. Garcia draws on Simone de Beauvoir's work to understand women's submissiveness, but some critics question the validity of Beauvoir's approach and suggest exploring other feminist thinkers. Garcia also examines the connection between submissiveness and patriarchy, raising questions about the distinctiveness of women's submissiveness compared to other oppressed groups. She envisions a future where women no longer feel the temptation of submission, challenging patriarchy and transforming various aspects of women's lives. Overall, Garcia's book contributes valuable insights to feminist philosophy and the study of domination and oppression. [Extracted from the article]

The Qur'anic term and principle of "qist"—generally defined as fairness, equity, and giving each his/her due share—occurs twenty-two times and forms a particular intentional discourse against social and economic privilege and against power in its various dimensions. These occurrences, their contexts, and fields of meaning demonstrate its distinctive place within the Qur'anic moral worldview, at the nexus between private virtue ethics and collective praxis. Qist is presented not merely as an abstract ideal, but as a specific, concrete social and economic goal for the marginalized and disempowered of any community. Especially in the domains of gender relations, poverty conditions, and authorial power, the divine injunction for applying equality in lived contexts becomes a call for liberation from "zulm" (injustice) and "taghut" (false deities). Can the examination of this concept and its affiliates form the basis for a scriptural theorization on an Islamic theology of social and economic justice, of resistance to tyranny and unjust constructions of privilege and superiority? Towards an answer to this inquiry, one can argue that qist directs attention to the practical ways of applying the overarching, comprehensive value of shari'ah, al-'adl (justice), as well as to its defining features of collectivity and distributiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our introduction to this special issue on cultural rhetorics, we as editors recognize that members of the field maintain many different approaches and frameworks. This diversity suggests that the work of prioritizing emplaced stories over universalizing theories brings cultural rhetoricians together, making research and teaching accountable first to communities, rather than the academy, and continuously examining our ethical commitments to O/others. This work, then, requires that scholars situate themselves within networks of places and spaces, cultures and peoples, power and privilege, so that we may practice relationality and accountability, actively seeking to make meaningful connections within and across research sites, and create space for silenced voices while building a more just world and disciplinary community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Sociológicos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current expansion of hate speech in different areas of public life poses a challenge for educators committed to developing their praxis from an intercultural approach. In this sense, the social privileges enjoyed by part of the population are exploited through these discourses with political and economic objectives that are incompatible with collective justice. To delve deeper into this issue, a participatory research study was carried out among 52 adolescents and nine educators with the aim of identifying the scenarios, agents and strategies related to these discourses, as well as to create collective strategies to address this social problem. Over a period of 9 months, dialogic workshops were conducted to identify relevant issues that would facilitate a pedagogical approach to addressing hate speech. This article presents results that clarify the role of privilege in educational reflection and action in the face of hate speech. It concludes with some reflections, questions and possible guidelines to promote critical literacy in educational scenarios that help question hate speech when it is based on the defence of inequality through naturalised privileges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using cultural theory, particularly theories of affect, this essay analyzes Ta-Nehisi Coates's memoir A Beautiful Struggle (2009) to highlight awkwardness as a trope that recent Black autobiographers deploy to underscore their racial interstitiality and to negotiate their fluctuating identification with blackness—a racial condition that by dint of Civil Rights reform entails both social privileges and persecutions. I show that the use of this trope seeks to produce a new racial category altogether. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevant research subjects of this study are the contemporary models of economic studies, the factors of business efficacy of the food market, and the marketing of farmers. The aim of this transversal study was to define the latent structures of business efficacy and their linear correlation with the marketing of agricultural food farmers. The pertinent sample included (N =156) male farmers from Kolubara district, Serbia. The average age of participants was 44.26 ± =10.35). The questionnaire regarding farmer’s entrepreneurial success in food production was used in this research. The values of the Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient of internal consistency were higher than 0.70, which means that the variables used in this research possess satisfactory psychometric criteria. Four components were extracted by analyzing the exploratory factorial analysis, with Kaiser– Guttman criterion, and the obliming rotation of the variables. The extracted four-factor groups of latent dimensions, on the level of statistical conclusion of 0,01, were interpreted as: quality – FI, economic privilege – FII, social privilege – FIII, and competition – FIV, which together account for 68.26% of the variance. The obtained findings on the coefficient of internal consistency (Cronbach’s) confirmed the reliability and validity of the applied measuring instrument, and thus future longitudinal studies can use it for examining the farmer population in Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I argue that a new norm has emerged in former gay and now gentrified neighborhoods. Straight upper‐ middle‐class residents claim to be gay‐friendly—an attitude that has not erased hierarchies, but has both displaced and instituted boundaries. Based on fieldwork in Park Slope, a neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City, this article highlights that gay‐friendly markers signal acceptance as much as they work to establish heterosexuals’ moral authority and social privileges. Sociability between neighbors and friends is characterized by exchanges and interactions that have an impact on heterosexuals, yet remain primarily checked and filtered by them. In the domestic sphere, which is still structured by heterosexual (and gender) norms, significant restrictions on homosexuality persist. By analyzing progressiveness in rela‐ tion to class and race, this study brings to light persistent power relations. It thus aims to contribute to the discussion about the extent, limits, and lingering ambivalences of a growing acceptance of homosexuality, which constitutes a significant dimension of so‐called inclusive cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against neoliberal and new managerial pushes in higher education, educators have a responsibility to engage students in transformational learning and prepare them for the complex world of work. This article describes the use of emancipatory praxis by engaging students in identifying structural sources of advantages and/or privilege, and reports on the data obtained from the written and oral reports of undergraduate social work students taking part in a teaching session on critical reflexivity at a Norwegian University. The data reveal the power of emancipatory praxis in heightening consciousness of intersecting social criteria, such as nationality, race, gender, religion and sexuality in creating obstacles and/or access to power, status and resources. The article lends voice to the students and details their responses to the exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this reply to the generous and timely commentaries of my discussants, Steven Knoblauch, C.G. Lovett and Maria Saba, I make an attempt to address separately each of their thoughtful discussions concerning my unexpected encounter with social privilege and its impact on my clinical work. With much intellectual and emotional vitality, as well as associative poetic reverie – all three sources being extremely fecund – each discussant had something vital to offer in terms of my attempt to integrate personal/individual and social dynamics as having their own organization and meanings within the unconscious. To be sure, in that my original paper was a personal one of my journey of discovery of the need to work with my social privilege, all 3 discussants have a way of wrapping around my clinical work each with their own commitments, particular ways of thinking and passion as to what constitutes psychic growth and change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper begins with fragments which came unbidden as I began working with patients during the covid-propelled move to my home office. While my intent in moving to this office was to hold on to my identity as an analyst with so much slipping away and to help my patients hold on to our work through the trauma of covid – not to mention the ongoing political upheavals as well as the horrors of global warming – little did I anticipate that I was moving to a site with a more visible grounding in a social problematic. I hadn't foreseen the issues which would arise regarding social privilege – issues with which I would fortunately have to reckon working from home in an affluent neighborhood with a dilapidated house next door. Excerpts from my clinical work with 3 patients are presented which reflect efforts to broaden/contextualize my more traditional way of thinking and working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a strategy, named as Model of Social Cognitive Networks, for collecting relational data from key informants. We offer a solution to the double problem of, on the one hand, defining the boundary of a network of interactions, and on the other hand, collecting data from a complete network based on the perception of informants who are privileged observers of the social process under study. The design was implemented as part of a diagnostic on the dynamics of community relations in traditional fishing communities, in the service of a research-action project (PESCARTE), in the field of environmental education, on the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The proposal combines techniques for collecting data from personal networks and complete networks. The instruments elaborated for data collection and the procedures used to validate the strategy are detailed. Article financed by the Environmental Education Project (PEA) PESCARTE, a mitigation initiative required by the Federal Environmental License conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community psychiatrists serve multiple institutional roles, and at times these roles may include the review of grant proposals from nonprofit organizations. In this column, the authors argue that privilege and social capital can easily become concentrated among a small group of centralized model organizations and influence the grant review process. Established and wealthy nonprofits can co-opt the growing interest in health equity by leveraging their existing resources, thereby excluding emerging organizations within communities in need. By applying a structural lens to this problem, funding entities can identify approaches that more effectively promote equity throughout the grant life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discrimination based on ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation remains a pressing challenge throughout Europe, including within Ireland. Despite this, anti-discrimination education is lacking and uneven within school settings. Responding to this gap and seeking to capitalise on the perceived social potential of sport, one Irish NGO has begun delivering sport-based anti-discrimination workshops to students in primary and secondary schools nationwide. This paper presents an evaluation of these workshops, putting a specific focus on the learning outcomes generated. Data were obtained from standardised, open-ended student feedback forms and qualitatively analysed using a Framework Analysis. The results illustrate fairly consistent learning outcomes, but these outcomes generally focus on individual behaviours and attitudes. This contrasts strongly with literature on anti-discrimination education, which recognises a need to reflect on privilege and social structures while also developing clear strategies to address discrimination. To conclude, we propose recommendations and ways forward to help address both individual and structural realities within such sport-based workshops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers insights into the intersection of feminism and white privilege, highlighting the author's personal journey in understanding and confronting her privilege as a white woman. Topics include the correlation between privilege and injustice, the impact of white privilege on people of color, and the need for white feminists to acknowledge and address their privilege.

Faces can be represented at a variety of different subordinate levels (e.g., race) that can become "privileged" for visual recognition in perceivers and is reflected as patterns of biases (e.g., own-race bias). The mechanisms encoding privileged status are likely varied, making it difficult to predict how neural systems represent subordinate-level biases in face processing. Here, we investigate the neural basis of subordinate-level representations of human faces in the ventral visual pathway, by leveraging recent behavioral findings indicating the privileged nature of peer faces in identity recognition for adolescents and emerging adults (i.e., ages 18–25 years). We tested 166 emerging adults in a face recognition paradigm and a subset of 31 of these participants in two fMRI task paradigms. We showed that emerging adults exhibit a peer bias in face recognition behavior, which indicates a privileged status for a subordinate-level category of faces that is not predicted based on experience alone. This privileged status of peer faces is supported by multiple neural mechanisms within the ventral visual pathway, including enhanced neural magnitude and neural size in the neural size in the fusiform area (FFA1), which is a critical part of the face-processing network that fundamentally supports the representations of subordinate-level categories of faces. These findings demonstrate organizational principles that the human ventral visual pathway uses to privilege relevant social information in face representations, which is essential for navigating human social interactions. It will be important to understand whether similar mechanisms support representations of other subordinate-level categories like race and gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a newly found document that sheds light on the revolutionary events in Brabant (Belgium) during the 1780s. It states that the document, titled "Appel à l'insurrection du Brabant," outlines a plan for an armed uprising to remove Joseph II from the Brabant throne. It argues against the reforms of the Emperor and calls for the preservation of the province's rights and privileges. It also discusses the formation of a national army to achieve the goal.

Mature social evaluations privilege agents' intentions over the outcomes of their actions, but young children often privilege outcomes over intentions in verbal tasks probing their social evaluations. In three experiments (N = 118), we probed the development of intention‐based social evaluation and mental state reasoning using nonverbal methods with 15‐month‐old toddlers. Toddlers viewed scenarios depicting a protagonist who sought to obtain one of two toys, each inside a different box, as two other agents observed. Then, the boxes' contents were switched in the absence of the protagonist and either in the presence or the absence of the other agents. When the protagonist returned, one agent opened the box containing the protagonist's desired toy (a positive outcome), and the other opened the other box (a neutral outcome). When both agents had observed the toys move to their current locations, the toddlers preferred the agent who opened the box containing the desired toy. In contrast, when the agents had not seen the toys move and therefore should have expected the desired toy's location to be unchanged, the toddlers preferred the agent who opened the box that no longer contained the desired toy. Thus, the toddlers preferred the agent who intended to make the protagonist's desired toy accessible, even when its action, guided by a false belief concerning that toy's location, did not produce a positive outcome. Well before children connect beliefs to social behavior in verbal tasks, toddlers engage in intention‐based evaluations of social agents with false beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research increasingly acknowledges the far-reaching impact of social class and the many ways in which it can meaningfully shape individuals' work and working lives. As such, social class and concomitant class privilege represent relevant and necessary content for the management classroom. In this paper, we begin by offering an overview of select research addressing social class and work, which helps to emphasize the significance of social class in organizational life. Next, to help educators bring "class" into the management classroom, we present teaching resources from across disciplines. We also advocate for educator reflexivity, the development of broader vocabularies around social class, and engagement with activities that increase students' understanding of class-based inequalities at the individual, institutional, and social or cultural levels. Overall, we bring together research and resources that relate to social class and work, to not only inspire and inform management educators, but also to offer resources that help students prepare for navigating a class-diverse workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the book "Privilege and Prophecy: Social Activism in the Post-War Episcopal Church" by Robert Tobin, the author explores the tension within the Episcopal Church between its English heritage and its desire to establish itself as genuinely American. The church has historically been associated with a privileged elite, appealing to the educated and aesthetically sensitive. However, a post-war generation of leaders dedicated themselves to progressive social reform, sacrificing the prestige and unity of the church. The book examines the challenges faced by clergy from privileged backgrounds claiming the role of prophets, as well as the church's shift towards extreme liberalism during the 1960s. The author also offers a challenge to the Church of England, cautioning against following the path of the Episcopal Church. [Extracted from the article]

The paper focuses on the fatherhood premium, and who it benefits the most. I conclude that professional workers who are white, heterosexual, and married to the mother of their children receive the greatest premiums when compared to socially disadvantaged fathers. This paper outlines the two key theories used to explain the fatherhood bonus, and the flaws in their explanations. To understand the professional fatherhood bonus, I highlight the role of higher education and the hierarchy of positions in determining who gets the best bonus. With racial differentials, I find that Black men earn less of bonus than white men and only earn the bonus under specific circumstances, and I point to the importance of the ideal worker type and nuclear family, which also used to explain the importance of marital status and relationship to the child. Additionally, I highlight several gaps in the literature, calling attention to the need for studies with Canadian fathers, Indigenous fathers, and queer fathers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]