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Siraitia grosvenorii, an economically important plant species with high medicinal value, is endemic to subtropical China. To determine the population structure and origin of cultivated S. grosvenorii, we examined the variation in three chloroplast DNA regions (trnR‐atpA, trnH‐psbA, trnL‐trnF) and two orthologous nuclear genes (CHS and EDL2) of S. grosvenorii in 130 wild individuals (selected from 13 wild populations across its natural distribution range) and 21 cultivated individuals using a phylogeographic approach. The results showed three distinct chloroplast lineages, which were restricted to different mountain ranges, and strong plastid phylogeographic structure. Our findings suggest that S. grosvenorii likely experienced ancient range expansion and survived in multiple refuges in subtropical China during glacial periods, resulting in population fragmentation in different mountainous areas. Our results also demonstrated that wild populations in Guilin (Guangxi, China) share the same gene pool as cultivated S. grosvenorii, suggesting that current cultivars were collected directly from local wild resources, consistent with the principles of "nearby domestication." The results of this study provide insights into improving the efficiency of S. grosvenorii breeding using a genetic approach and outline measures for the conservation of its genetic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of outdoor sports tourism has posed certain threats to the natural environment. In recent years, incidents of outdoor sports enthusiasts damaging ecological environments and historical sites have become increasingly common. Thus, it is imperative to encourage these enthusiasts to protect environmental ecosystems, and sustainability has become a priority consideration for those participating in outdoor sports tourism. This paper explores the multiple mediating roles of environmental knowledge and attitudes in the relationship between sustainable values and the pro-environmental behaviours of outdoor sports tourism enthusiasts. The study aims to provide references and suggestions for promoting environmentally responsible behaviours in outdoor sports tourism and to support the sustainable development of sports tourism in China and globally. The research targets outdoor sports tourism enthusiasts, analysing data from 1079 survey responses. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to test the direct and indirect effects between variables. The results indicate that sustainable values have a positive impact on environmental attitudes, environmental knowledge, and pro-environmental behaviours. Furthermore, environmental attitudes and knowledge play a positive mediating role between sustainable values and pro-environmental behaviours. Lastly, this paper offers substantial suggestions to promote the sustainable development of outdoor sports tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]