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Objective: To explore the change trends in incidence and leading factors to peripartum hysterectomy (PH) at a regional tertiary medical center in northeast China. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of all PH cases conducted at Shengjing Hospital between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2021. Information on maternal characteristics of pregnancy and delivery, indications of PH, inventions before hysterectomy, complications, and maternal and neonatal outcomes obtained from the Shengjing Hospital Information System were analyzed. Results: Among a total of 157 553 deliveries, there were 127 cases of PH (overall PH incidence: 0.85/1000 deliveries); 120 patients (94.49%) underwent hysterectomy after cesarean section, and seven (5.51%) underwent vaginal delivery (P < 0.001). Abnormal placentation was the leading indication for PH (101, 79.53%), including placenta previa (PP) with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) (93, 73.23%), PP alone (5, 3.94%), and PAS alone (3, 2.36%). Among the patients who underwent PH with abnormal placentation, 92.08% had at least one cesarean section (P < 0.001) and 20.19% had bladder injury (P = 0.044). All maternal deaths (n = 2) occurred in referral patients, and the maternal mortality rate was 1.57/100 hysterectomies. Conclusion: Abnormal placentation was the primary indication for PH. For such patients, adequate assessment of their condition and complete communication are strongly recommended. The identification of high‐risk groups for postpartum hemorrhage, timely and effective rescue, and referral are equally important for avoiding PH. Synopsis: Abnormal placentation is the primary indication for peripartum hysterectomy. Prenatal prevention, intrapartum monitoring, and timely control of postpartum hemorrhage are important in peripartum hysterectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide has been recognized as a major global public health issue. Depressed adolescents are more prone to experiencing it. We explore risk factors and their differences on suicidal ideation and suicide attempts to further enhance our understanding of suicidal behavior. 2343 depressed adolescents aged 12–18 from 9 provinces/cities in China participated in this cross-sectional study. We utilized decision tree model, incorporating 32 factors encompassing participants' suicidal behavior. The feature importance of each factor was measured using Gini coefficients. The decision tree model demonstrated a good fit with high accuracy (SI = 0.86, SA = 0.85 and F-Score (SI = 0.85, SA = 0.83). The predictive importance of each factor varied between groups with suicidal ideation and with suicide attempts. The most significant risk factor in both groups was depression (SI = 16.7 %, SA = 19.8 %). However, factors such as academic stress (SI = 7.2 %, SA = 1.6 %), hopelessness (SI = 9.1 %, SA = 5.0 %), and age (SI = 7.1 %, SA = 3.2 %) were more closely associated with suicidal ideation than suicide attempts. Factors related to the schooling status (SI = 3.5 %, SA = 10.1 %), total years of education (SI = 2.6 %, SA = 8.6 %), and loneliness (SI = 2.3 %, SA = 7.4 %) were relatively more important in the suicide attempt stage compared to suicidal ideation. The cross-sectional design limited the ability to capture changes in suicidal behavior among depressed adolescents over time. Possible bias may exist in the measurement of suicidal ideation. The relative importance of each risk factor for suicidal ideation and attempted suicide varies. These findings provide further empirical evidence for understanding suicide behavior. Targeted treatment measures should be taken for different stages of suicide in clinical interventions. • Factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts share both similarities and differences. • Severity of depression is the most important risk factor for both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. • Academic stress, level of hopelessness, and age, have a more pronounced relation with the occurrence of suicidal ideation. • Schooling status, total years of education, and level of loneliness exert a stronger association with suicide attempts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present research is to study the impact of innovative educational strategies of vocal training on the development of creativity and motivation among students. The present study builds on an empirical approach. It involved 86 first-year undergraduate students in the Department of solo singing, Institute of Music, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. It is significant to mention that the students were chosen randomly. The study covers the period of an academic semester. The study participants underwent training using innovative pedagogical methods of personality-oriented learning. This approach aims at developing creative abilities, creativity, and motivation among students. It is worth noting that this approach contained a psychophysiological component. The present research presupposed using the following psychodiagnostic methods: "Questionnaire of Formal-Dynamic Properties of Individuality" (QFDPI) by Rusalov; "BFQ-2. Big Five Questionnaire" (Caprara, Barbaranelli, Borgogni, and Vecchione); "Motivation of professional activity" (Zamfir, modifications by Rean); "Research of Creative Imagination." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between psychological resilience, thriving at work, and work performance among nurses, as well as analyse the mediating role of thriving at work in the relationship between psychological resilience and the work performance of nurses. The findings are intended to serve as a reference for nursing managers to design tailored work performance intervention programs. Method: Using convenience sampling, 308 clinical nurses were selected from a tertiary hospital in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China, from February to April 2023. The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Thriving at Work Scale, and the Work Performance Scale were employed for the questionnaire survey. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between psychological resilience, thriving at work and work performance. The SPSS 26.0 software's 'Process' plugin was utilised for mediation effect analysis. Results: Significantly positive correlations were found between psychological resilience and thriving at work (r = 0.806, P < 0.01), thriving at work and work performance (r = 0.571, P < 0.01) as well as psychological resilience and work performance (r = 0.572, P < 0.01). Psychological resilience significantly predicted work performance positively (β = 0.558, t = 11.165, P < 0.01), and this prediction remained significant when thriving at work (the mediating variable), was introduced (β = 0.371, t = 4.772, P < 0.01). Psychological resilience significantly predicted thriving at work positively (β = 0.731, t = 20.779, P < 0.01), and thriving at work significantly predicted work performance positively (β = 0.256, t = 3.105, P < 0.05). The mediating effect size of thriving at work between psychological resilience and work performance was 33.49% (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Thriving at work plays a partial mediating role between psychological resilience and work performance. The level of work performance among clinical nurses was relatively high. Nursing managers can enhance thriving at work by fostering psychological resilience among clinical nurses, thereby further improving their work performance to ensure high-quality and efficient nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid urbanization and population growth have triggered an increase in urban housing demand and rising housing prices, which can influence the migration intention of high-level talents. Much work within the literature has focused more on the migration of the general public. However, antecedents of migration intention and the impact of housing prices on the migration of high-level talents remain unclear. Therefore, based on the push-pull theory, this study investigates the influencing factors of talent migration intention and explores the role of housing prices. This study reveals a complex mechanism underlying migration decisions by using logistic regression models and survey data of high-level talents in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) megalopolis of China. The results indicate that: 1) in high house-price regions, social integration is the primary push factor, and the main factors for retaining talents are the expectation of future work and intimate family relationships; 2) in medium house-price regions, the main factors that attract talents are the current salary level and close family ties; 3) in low house-price regions, living convenience is a determining factor in retaining talents. This study provides a new perspective for talent mobility research and offers valuable inputs for retaining and attracting talents in different economic development regions. Findings are of great significance for formulating talent introduction policies and forming a new pattern of rational spatial docking and effective allocation of human resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affective empathy is generally considered an important inhibitor of aggression. However, the meta-analysis studies on the relationship between affective empathy and aggression have challenged this common-sense view and found no substantial correlation between the two variables. We proposed a double-edged sword model to explain this counterintuitive phenomenon and tested this model by establishing an inconsistent mediation model. A total of 663 college students in China (59.1% female; Mage = 20.69 years) completed questionnaires measuring affective empathy, sympathy, personal distress, anger proneness, and physical aggression. The results showed that on the one hand, affective empathy can indirectly inhibit physical aggression by increasing sympathy; on the other hand, affective empathy can indirectly promote physical aggression through the serial mediation of personal distress and anger proneness. Such two pathways offset each other, leading to an insignificant relation observation between affective empathy and physical aggression. The findings revealed the complexity of the relationship between affective empathy and aggression, which suggested that more efforts to reduce aggression should be made to develop individuals' sympathy, while affective empathy training should be moderate to avoid excessive empathic emotional arousal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction is an important sector for climate action. The construction, operation and maintenance, demolition and disposal stages of house buildings consume many resources and have a significant impact on society, the economy and the environment. To assess such efforts, we propose the emergy footprint model of house buildings, which can quantitatively analyse the ecological effect in the house buildings life cycle. The research shows the following. China's ecological efficiency of the housing sector is characterized by improvement. In the house building fifty-year life cycle, the emergy footprint of the operation and maintenance stage is the largest (75.92%), followed by the construction stage (21.95%), but the emergy footprint intensity of the latter is 4.82 times that of the former. Reducing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the operation and maintenance stage is the key to reducing the life cycle emergy footprint of house buildings. The ecological impact coefficient of house buildings is negatively exponentially correlated with their service life. It reaches ecological break-even when the service period of the house building is equal to 36.73 years. If the house building is demolished after less than nine years of service, the impact is extremely unfavourable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction is an important sector for climate action. The construction, operation and maintenance, demolition and disposal stages of house buildings consume many resources and have a significant impact on society, the economy and the environment. To assess such efforts, we propose the emergy footprint model of house buildings, which can quantitatively analyse the ecological effect in the house buildings life cycle. The research shows the following. China's ecological efficiency of the housing sector is characterized by improvement. In the house building fifty-year life cycle, the emergy footprint of the operation and maintenance stage is the largest (75.92%), followed by the construction stage (21.95%), but the emergy footprint intensity of the latter is 4.82 times that of the former. Reducing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the operation and maintenance stage is the key to reducing the life cycle emergy footprint of house buildings. The ecological impact coefficient of house buildings is negatively exponentially correlated with their service life. It reaches ecological break-even when the service period of the house building is equal to 36.73 years. If the house building is demolished after less than nine years of service, the impact is extremely unfavourable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lodging is a major factor contributing to yield loss and constraining the mechanical harvesting of wheat crops. Genetic improvement through breeding effectively reduced the lodging and improved the grain yield, however, the physiological mechanisms involved in providing resistance to lodging are different in the breeding stage and are not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in the lodging resistance (LR) of the wheat varieties released during the different decades and to explore the effect of the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on the plasticity of LR. Results: A field study was conducted during the cultivation seasons of 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, in soil supplemented with three N levels: N0 (0 kg ha–1), N180 (200 kg ha–1), and N360 (360 kg ha–1) using eight varieties of wheat released for commercial cultivation from 1950 to date. The results obtained showed that genetic improvement had significantly enhanced the LR and grain yield in wheat. In the first breeding stage (from 1950 to 1980s) the lodging resistant index increased by 15.0%, which was primarily attributed to a reduced plant height and increased contents of cellulose, Si, and Zn. In the second breeding stage (the 1990s–2020s) it increased by 172.8%, which was mainly attributed to an increase in the stem diameter, wall thickness, and the contents of K, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Cu. The application of N fertilizer improved the grain yield but reduced the LR in wheat. This was mainly due to an increase in plant height resulting in an elevation of the plant center of gravity, a decrease in the contents of cellulose, and a reduction in the area of large-sized vascular bundles in the stems, even if N supplementation increased the concentrations of K, Ca, and Si. Conclusion: Although breeding strategies improved the stem strength, the trade-off between the grain yield and LR was more significantly influenced by the addition of N. Overcoming this peculiar situation will serve as a breakthrough in improving the seed yield in wheat crops in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Satellite aerosol products are pivotal in studies of regional air quality and global climate change. Compared with accurate in situ observations, satellite measurements provide valuable large-scale atmospheric information. However, limitations such as clouds and retrieval assumptions result in a significant number of missing values in satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) products, which severely hampers the representativeness. To address this issue, spatial interpolation of the AOD data is necessary to improve data coverage. In this study, one year of AOD observation data from the MODIS C6.1 version was applied to analyze the spatiotemporal correlated characteristics. The statistical parameters were used as dynamic interpolation weights to develop a novel interpolation method called empirical correlation weighting (ECW) based on MODIS AOD over Northern China in 2016. The ECW interpolation results were obtained at a 0.05° resolution (~5 km). The results showed that the spatial coverage of the Deep Blue (DB) and Dark Target (DT) products increased from 43.88% to 70.65% and from 15.04% to 32.62%, respectively. The reconstruction of the ECW method illustrated good agreement with original values in three cases and in two experimental areas. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) in the two experiments were 0.1171 and 0.0809, and 0.1212 and 0.0838, respectively, indicating that the ECW exhibited the better accuracy than ordinary Kriging (OK) and Thin Plate Spline (TPS). The AERONET validation results indicated that the values of RMSE and MAE were slightly higher after interpolation compared with those before interpolation, maintaining relatively low values, 0.241 and 0.257, 0.140 and 0.150, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve various extraction-related problems existing in the deep Jurassic mines in the Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi (IM-S) mining area, this paper puts forward a method to control roof water hazards based on the sedimentary facies pattern of the aquifers. The problems we addressed are: high volumes of goaf water, mixing of coal-based water in the stope, the proximity of the upper coal seam to water-enriched aquifers, and the inability for safe excavation and stoping. We first investigated the spatial distribution patterns of the aquifers and their related storage properties. A zone model of water yield compatible with the hydrogeological characteristics of a deep Jurassic mine was evaluated for the aquifers in the roof of the 3–1 coal mine, and a "low-position and lateral interception" control method was proposed based on the water yield zonation. The results demonstrated that the depositional environment for the sandstone aquifer in the first member of the Zhiluo Formation had a channel bar paleoenvironment that was characterized by a varying water table. This proved to be the key layer for preventing and controlling the water hazards. The method described in this paper effectively mitigated the water hazards associated with that aquifer in the study area and thus provide a theoretical and practical basis for controlling mine water hazards in the IM-S mining area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because it is necessary to focus on differences in regional oil reservoirs and determine the priority of the CCUS‐EOR (Carbon capture, utilization, and storage‐enhanced oil recovery) deployment under China's net‐zero CO2 emission target, systematic and regional evaluations of CO2 sequestration capacity in major oil basins are needed considering the geofluid properties—carbon sequestration capacity in place (CSCIP)—where the 'in place' indicates actual geological formation conditions underground, e.g., formation temperature and pressure. Therefore, physical properties of geofluids at different depths with different geologic temperatures and pressure conditions are considered for the CO2 sequestration capacity evaluation in place, including shallow (800–2000 m), medium (2000–3500 m), deep (3500–4500 m) and ultra‐deep (4500–8000 m) depth intervals. A modified evaluation model with four grading levels is proposed, combining the P‐V‐T equations of state (EOS) and evaluation equations of the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF), including theoretical, effective, practical, and CCUS‐EOR CSCIP, which is more consistent with geofluid physical properties underground, to make the grading evaluation and ranking of the CSCIP in China's major oil basins. Then, the grading CSCIP of 29 major oil basins in China was evaluated based on the petroleum resources evaluation results of the Ministry of Natural Resources of China (MNRC) during China's 13th Five‐Year Plan period. According to the grading evaluation results, suggestions for China's CCUS‐EOR prospective regions are given as follows: shallow oil fields of the Songliao Basin in Northeast China, shallow–medium oil fields of the Bohai Bay Basin in East China, medium oil fields of the Zhungeer Basin in West China, and medium oil fields of the Ordos Basin in Central China; all are potential areas for the CCUS‐EOR geological sequestration in China's onshore oil basins. In addition, in China's offshore oil basins, shallow–medium oil fields of the Bohai Sea and shallow oil fields of the Pearl River Mouth Basin have potential for CCUS‐EOR geological sequestration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Age has been identified as a prominent predictor of loneliness, although the findings about the relationship between age and loneliness are inconclusive. This study examines the relationship between age and loneliness in the context of China, with a focus on residential and gender differences. Methods: Data were from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) of 2017. A total of 3899 respondents were included. Loneliness was measured using a three-item Short Loneliness Scale. Age, squared terms of age, residential type, gender, and other socio-demographic characteristics were included in the study. Regression analyses were conducted among the total sample and subgroups of different gender and residential type subgroups, to investigate the association between age and loneliness. Results: There is a reverse U-shaped tendency between age and loneliness that peaks at the age of 47. This tendency is true of the male subgroup, that peaks at the age of 55, while the female respondents do not share that tendency. The inverted U-shaped distribution holds true for urban but not for rural residents. The female respondents reported a higher level of loneliness than the male. The rural respondents reported higher loneliness than their counterparts. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that an inverted U-shaped tendency between age and loneliness existed for the entire group, and the male and urban subgroups. Implications for service and practice are proposed based on the empirical findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few studies focused on the incidence of brain metastasis in patients with acral and mucosal melanoma, and a better understanding of the incidences and predictors of brain metastasis is needed in these patients. A prospectively accrued cohort of 799 patients with acral and mucosal melanoma in stages I–III from July 2011 to December 2015 at Peking University Cancer Hospital were included in this study. Competing risk models (Fine and Gray) were used to estimate the cumulative incidence of brain metastasis and compare the differences in cumulative incidence curves between different primary lesions, stages, and molecular types. At a median follow-up time of 68.0 months, 60 of the 779 patients (7.7%) developed brain metastasis, and 261 (33.5%) patients developed extracranial metastasis. Considering the risk of competition, the cumulative incidence of brain metastasis at one year, two years, and five years after diagnosis were 5.1%, 10.2%, and 19.5%, respectively. Stage III, BRAF mutations, and NRAS mutations were associated with a high risk of brain metastasis in univariable analysis. Multivariate analysis showed BRAF mutations, and NRAS mutations had statistically correlated with an increased cumulative incidence of brain metastasis at diagnosis and all-time point of one year and two years after diagnosis. This study is the first to report the cumulative incidence and risk factors of brain metastasis for patients with acral and mucosal melanoma in stages I–III. Patients with BRAF and NRAS mutations had a higher incidence at diagnosis and all-time point, providing the basis for surveillance guidelines and further mechanic exploration. • Of 779 patients, 7.7% had brain metastasis with a median follow-up of 68.0 months. • Patients with BRAF and NRAS mutations an increased incidence of brain metastasis. • Patients with stage III and NRAS mutation had a high risk of extracranial metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical devices are used in almost all orthopedic surgical subspecialties, and the frequency of adverse events is increasing, which should not be ignored. To provide suggestions on how to avoid implant recalls from the perspective of manufacturers, medical institutions and supervisions, as well as how to respond promptly to adverse events. Methods: The research extracted recalls of osteosynthesis implants and joint replacement implants from January 1, 2011, to June 30, 2021, in the CNMPA, FDA, HC and ATGA websites and collected the information on device name, recall time, recall class, recall manufacturer, device classification and affected areas. Moreover, the McKinsey 7S model and fishbone diagram were used to analyze recall reasons. Results: A total of 315 cases of osteosynthesis implants and 286 cases of joint replacement implants were reported in China, the USA, Canada and Australia. The recalls number from 2016 to 2021 was more than that from 2011 to 2015 for osteosynthesis implant (p = 0.012) and joint replacement implant (p = 0.002), and both mainly focused on class II (76.19% and 78.32%). There were statistical differences in the four countries for both implants (p = 0.000), especially osteosynthesis implant between China and the USA (p = 0.000), China and Canada (p = 0.001), the USA and Australia (p = 0.002), and joint replacement implant between China and Australia (p = 0.000). Conclusions: To avoid the recalls of such implants, manufacturers should strictly select implant materials and components, develop detailed labels and instructions, severely control the packaging process and establish the integrity of medical device data. Medical institutions should standardize procurement procedures, use qualified equipment and train medical workers. It also requires supervisions to conduct premarket safety assessments. In addition, regulators should strengthen supervision and establish reporting systems to deal with the occurrence of adverse events promptly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The contribution of household cooking salt to population iodine status is decreasing in China, the applicability of the coverage rate of iodized salt (IS), proportion of adequately iodized salt (AIS), and salt iodine concentration (SIC) of household cooking salt used for iodine status assessment of residents requires further investigation. Methods: Through the IDD control project, 16,445 children and 4848 pregnant women were recruited from Tianjin, China and the relationship between the coverage rate of IS, proportion of AIS, SIC, and population iodine status was analyzed. Additionally, through the thyroid health survey project, 856 children with IS or noniodized salt were recruited. The effects of different household cooking salts on individual iodine status and thyroid health were analyzed. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, no relationship was found between the coverage rate of IS, proportion of AIS, SIC of household cooking salt, and iodine status of children and pregnant women (all P > 0.05). No differences in levels of thyroid function and structural indicators were found in children with different household cooking salts (all P > 0.05). Additionally, no relationship was found between noniodized salt exposure and goiter, overt hyperthyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules, antibody single positivity, or subclinical hypothyroidism (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: Iodine in household cooking salt no longer plays a crucial role in iodine status in Tianjin, China. Other indicators must be identified as beneficial supplements for precise iodine status evaluation not only in Tianjin but also in other large cities in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current understanding of how culture relates to the development of children's gender‐related peer preferences is limited. To investigate the role of societal acceptance of gender nonconformity, this study compared children from China and Thailand. Unlike China and other cultures where the conceptualization of gender as binary is broadly accepted, individuals who identify as a nonbinary "third" sex/gender have been highly visible and tolerated in Thai society for at least several decades. Chinese and Thai 4‐ to 9‐year‐olds (N = 458) viewed vignettes of four hypothetical peers who varied on gender (i.e., boy vs. girl) and gender‐typed toy play behavior (i.e., masculine vs. feminine), and were asked to give a friendship preference rating for each peer. Chinese, compared with Thai, children evidenced gender‐related peer preferences that emerged earlier, remained more stable across age groups, and were relatively more biased against gender‐nonconforming behavior. The only cultural similarity was in children's preference for peers who were of the same gender and/or displayed same‐gender‐typed behavior. Thus, while preference for peers who are of the same gender and/or display same‐gender‐typed behavior is common among children across cultures, the developmental onset and course of these preferences vary by culture. Moreover, societal acceptance of gender nonconformity might be key to limiting children's bias against gender‐nonconforming peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevailing paradigm of traditional top-down urban renewal has been criticized for failing to consider diverse public requests and preferences. This critique has prompted a "human-centric" approach, emphasizing effective two-way communication within urban renewal. Despite this shift, there remains a significant gap in research on real-time public opinions generated from bottom-up participation in urban renewal, particularly with regard to governmental response to such micro-level feedback. Therefore, based on provincial-level panel data and micro-level opinions on the Leaders' Message Board, this research adopted a text mining method and regression model to evaluate unstructured user-generated data and explore the determinants of government responsiveness in urban renewal. The results reveal that there are more public opinions on urban renewal in economically developed regions than in less developed regions. This study also found that local governments can respond to most public opinions. Meanwhile, "project progress inquiry", "quality problem", and economic level have significant positive impacts on response timeliness, while "information disclosure" and "livelihood issues" have adverse effects. The findings are of great strategic and policy importance and can offer new insights into citizen engagement and collaborative governance in urban planning. • Citizen-government interactions in urban renewal were investigated. • There are more public opinions on urban renewal in economically developed regions than in less developed regions. • Planning inquiry and project progress inquiry are popular topics, and people in different regions have different focuses. • Project progress inquiry and quality problem related topics have significant positive impacts on response timeliness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve the national objective of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality," it is imperative to significantly enhance the utilization of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, in the transformation of China's energy infrastructure. However, the intermittent, volatile, and unstable nature of wind and solar power generation systems is often subject to the influence of local weather conditions. Furthermore, recent years have witnessed a growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, posing considerable constraints on the effective exploitation of wind and solar resources. Consequently, conducting a comprehensive climate risk analysis pertaining to wind and solar resources is of paramount importance in expediting their adoption while mitigating potential energy security risks. In this study, we conducted an extensive examination of inefficient wind and solar resources across China, encompassing the intensity, spatial distribution, and duration of such events. Leveraging high-resolution wind and solar resource datasets spanning from 2000 to 2021, we employed intensity-area-duration analysis to elucidate the spatial and temporal characteristics of these inefficiencies nationwide. Moreover, we conducted a diagnostic assessment of key factors, including scope, duration, and frequency. Additionally, we proposed a comprehensive index system to evaluate the viability of wind and solar resource development. Our findings revealed that climate risks associated with wind and solar resources were predominantly concentrated in autumn and winter. Regions such as Xinjiang, Sichuan, and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River exhibited a higher frequency of inefficient wind and solar events. Notably, the North China Plain and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were primarily affected by haze and plum rain weather, respectively, leading to these inefficiencies. Conversely, the northwest and northeast regions demonstrated a superior suitability for wind and solar resource development. This study provides valuable scientific insights for guiding the selection of optimal locations for wind and solar power plants, as well as the development of regional renewable energy infrastructure in China. • Wind and solar resource fluctuations were assessed using high-resolution datasets across China. • The intensity-area-duration (IAD) method was employed. • An index system was proposed to evaluate the suitability of wind and solar resource. • The insufficient resource events have seasonal variations and spatial disparities. • Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang have great potential for renewable energy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Significantly changes of LAI and GPP mostly occurred in eastern and southern China. • Divergence between LAI and GPP were found in regions with dense vegetation coverage. • The importance of VPD, SM, and PT to vegetation indices increased as latitude decreases. Climate change notably boosts terrestrial hydraulic redistribution pattern, which could directly affect the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of vegetation productivity. However, the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of long-term hydrometeorological controls of vegetation productivity is still not fully understood. This paper comprehensively explored the impacts of hydrometeorological controls on leaf area index (LAI) and gross primary productivity (GPP) in China during 1982–2015 using both satellite observations and reanalysis. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD), evapotranspiration (ET), precipitation (PT), and soil moisture (SM) were used as representative indicators during investigation. The dynamics of LAI and GPP displayed increasing trends on the whole. And significantly changes mostly occurred in eastern and southern China, accompanied by moderate to dense vegetation coverage. An accelerated increasing trend for LAI could be observed since September 2003 (+0.175 per decade), while the growth rate of GPP (+16.76 g C/m2 per decade) basically maintained stable. In terms of hydrometeorological controls, VPD and ET showed consistently increasing trend and SM presented falling trend in the context of warming climate. Through analysis of feature importance index established by Random Forest, the importance of VPD, SM, and PT obviously increased as latitude decreases, which implied the high sensitivity of vegetation in semi-humid\humid regions to water availability. Additionally, divergence between LAI and GPP can be found in southern Tibet Plateau region and coastal regions, which provides compelling evidence that in the case of high LAI, increasing LAI could weaken the improvement effect on GPP. Findings of this study is expected to promote the understanding of long-term vegetation responses to hydrometeorological variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non‐anemic thalassemia trait (TT) accounted for a high proportion of TT cases in South China. Objective: To use artificial intelligence (AI) analysis of erythrocyte morphology and machine learning (ML) to identify TT gene carriers in a non‐anemic population. Methods: Digital morphological data from 76 TT gene carriers and 97 controls were collected. The AI technology‐based Mindray MC‐100i was used to quantitatively analyze the percentage of abnormal erythrocytes. Further, ML was used to construct a prediction model. Results: Non‐anemic TT carriers accounted for over 60% of the TT cases. Random Forest was selected as the prediction model and named TT@Normal. The TT@Normal algorithm showed outstanding performance in the training, validation, and external validation sets and could efficiently identify TT carriers in the non‐anemic population. The top three weights in the TT@Normal model were the target cells, microcytes, and teardrop cells. Elevated percentages of abnormal erythrocytes should raise a strong suspicion of being a TT gene carrier. TT@Normal could be promoted and used as a visualization and sharing tool. It is accessible through a URL link and can be used by medical staff online to predict the possibility of TT gene carriage in a non‐anemic population. Conclusions: The ML‐based model TT@Normal could efficiently identify TT carriers in non‐anemic people. Elevated percentages of target cells, microcytes, and teardrop cells should raise a strong suspicion of being a TT gene carrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid nodule (TN) patients in China are subject to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The implementation of existing technologies such as thyroid ultrasonography has indeed contributed to the improved diagnostic accuracy of TNs. However, a significant issue persists, where many patients undergo unnecessary biopsies, and patients with malignant thyroid nodules (MTNs) are advised to undergo surgery therapy. Methods: This study included a total of 293 patients diagnosed with TNs. Differential methylation haplotype blocks (MHBs) in blood leukocytes between MTNs and benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) were detected using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS). Subsequently, an artificial intelligence blood leukocyte DNA methylation (BLDM) model was designed to optimize the management and treatment of patients with TNs for more effective outcomes. Results: The DNA methylation profiles of peripheral blood leukocytes exhibited distinctions between MTNs and BTNs. The BLDM model we developed for diagnosing TNs achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.858 in the validation cohort and 0.863 in the independent test cohort. Its specificity reached 90.91% and 88.68% in the validation and independent test cohorts, respectively, outperforming the specificity of ultrasonography (43.64% in the validation cohort and 47.17% in the independent test cohort), albeit with a slightly lower sensitivity (83.33% in the validation cohort and 82.86% in the independent test cohort) compared to ultrasonography (97.62% in the validation cohort and 100.00% in the independent test cohort). The BLDM model could correctly identify 89.83% patients whose nodules were suspected malignant by ultrasonography but finally histological benign. In micronodules, the model displayed higher specificity (93.33% in the validation cohort and 92.00% in the independent test cohort) and accuracy (88.24% in the validation cohort and 87.50% in the independent test cohort) for diagnosing TNs. This performance surpassed the specificity and accuracy observed with ultrasonography. A TN diagnostic and treatment framework that prioritizes patients is provided, with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy performed only on patients with indications of MTNs in both BLDM and ultrasonography results, thus avoiding unnecessary biopsies. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate the potential of non-invasive blood leukocytes in diagnosing TNs, thereby making TN diagnosis and treatment more efficient in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have first selected 28 indicators based on the selection principle of financial indicators adopted in relevant studies both at home and abroad from seven aspects, which include profitability, long-term and short-term solvency, company development capacity, operating capacity, cash flow generation capability, equity characteristics, and board characteristics. Subsequently, we have conducted the comparative analysis and comprehensive study on the logistic early warning model and BP neural network to provide reference for managers and stakeholders to select the optimal model. In addition, through our study on the dynamic early warning of BP neural network, we intend to convey the concept of constantly updating the model to both managers and stakeholders. Therefore, this paper provides ideas for the research on the model of financial crisis early warning for China's manufacturing industry. The study is of significance for guiding the research of related issues in the manufacturing sector and can also provide reference for the early warning of other industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, earnings mismanagement in China's enterprises has become a serious problem as managers conduct financial fraud by means of earnings management, hindering China's overall economic development. Upon shareholders' requirements and investors' concerns, managers should disclose real financial information. The essay analyzes the revenue function generated by the manager and the shareholder through an evolutionary theory model where the managers team of the enterprise and shareholders are both game parties. After building the model, the essay utilizes Python to stimulate the theoretical model to analyze both parties' behavior to explain the process of evolutionary game theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family Boletaceae primarily represents ectomycorrhizal fungi, which play an essential ecological role in forest ecosystems. Although the Boletaceae family has been subject to a relatively global and comprehensive history of work, novel species and genera are continually described. During this investigation in northern China, many specimens of boletoid fungi were collected. Based on the study of their morphology and phylogeny, four new species, Butyriboletus pseudoroseoflavus, Butyriboletus subregius, Tengioboletus subglutinosus, and Suillellus lacrymibasidiatus, are introduced. Morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses of the single or combined dataset (ITS or 28S, rpb1, rpb2, and tef1) confirmed these to be four new species. The evidence and analyses indicated the new species' relationships with other species within their genera. Detailed descriptions, color photographs, and line drawings are provided. The species of Butyriboletus in China were compared in detail and the worldwide keys of Tengioboletus and Suillellus were given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although an increasing number of studies are focusing on the relationship between different kinds of objectification and relationship satisfaction, studies have rarely examined these relationships within non-Western samples. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between men's partner objectification (PO), women's perceived partner-objectification (PPO), and women's self-objectification, as well as their link to women's romantic relationship satisfaction through women's sexual pressure among Chinese heterosexual college couples (n = 201 pairs). This study found that women's PPO mediated the relationship between men's PO and women's self-objectification, and there were two paths from men's PO to women's relationship satisfaction. First, men's PO was related to lower women's relationship satisfaction through increased women's PPO. Second, men's PO was associated with greater women's PPO, which was associated with greater sexual pressure on women and subsequently correlated with women's lower relationship satisfaction. However, self-objectification was neither significantly directly related to sexual pressure nor relationship satisfaction. These findings indicated that the relationships between the three types of objectification (men's PO, women's PPO, and women's self-objectification) and sexual pressure and relationship satisfaction are different, which contributes to the understanding of the destructive effect of different objectification on relationship satisfaction in Chinese samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plant Andrographis paniculata has a long history of cultivation in Southeast Asia, especially its extensive anti-inflammatory activity, and the famous natural antibiotic andrographolide comes from this plant. In China, A. paniculata, as the main crop, has become a major source of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the clinical treatment of inflammation. To further explore the diverse diterpene lactones with better anti-inflammatory activity from A. paniculata , twenty-one ent -labdanes, including six undescribed compounds (andropanilides D-I), were isolated. Their structures with absolute configurations were thoroughly determined by comprehensive NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS analysis and quantum chemical calculations. All isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activities based on the Griess method. Meanwhile, after structure-activity relationships analysis, the anti-inflammatory activity of andropanilide D (1) (IC 50 = 2.31 μM) was found to be better than that of the positive control drug (dexamethasone, IC 50 = 6.52 μM) and andrographolide (IC 50 = 5.89 μM). Further mechanisms of activity indicated that andropanilide D significantly reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and downregulated the protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner based on Western blot and ELISA experiments. In conclusion, andropanilide D possesses potential medicinal value for the treatment of inflammation and further expands the material basis of the anti-inflammatory effect of A. paniculata. Structurally diverse ent -labdane diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata and andropanilide D (1) possessed significant anti-inflammatory that was found to be better than that of the positive control drug and andrographolide. [Display omitted] • Twenty-one diterpene derivatives were isolated from Andrographis paniculata. • Six undescribed ent -labdanes were identified for the first time. • The structure-activity relationships of all compounds were summarized. • Andropanilide D (1) significantly reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. • Andropanilide D (1) downregulated the expression iNOS and COX-2 proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with low Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values benefit from PD-1 inhibitors. NLR is a new biomarker to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for HCC. • The differential expression analysis of NLR-related genes showed 74 up-regulated genes and 445 down-regulated genes in the high-NLR group. Downregulated genes were primarily enriched in pathways related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, hematopoietic cell lineages, helper T cell (Th) differentiation, and T cell receptor signaling. • NLR-related differential methylation analysis revealed a total of 68 hypermethylated probes and 65 hypomethylated probes in the high-NLR group. • This predictive model of the immunotherapy for HCC by using 27 genes related to differentially expressed genes and the methylation associated with NLR might be of great help to clinical researches. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits high incidence and mortality rates in China. Most cases are often diagnosed at late stages and require multi-strategy therapies. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies, have demonstrated effectiveness in comprehensive HCC treatment. However, the efficacy and prognosis vary greatly among patients. Screening suitable patients and predicting outcomes are crucial for improving the efficacy of ICIs. Although PD-L1 expression levels in tumor cells have been used as predictors of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapy, they may not consistently correlate with clinical response in some studies; thus, exploring new biomarkers is necessary. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) emerged as a new predictor of ICI immunotherapy efficacy, and its application in HCC is worth exploring. This study utilizes the Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Collection (TCGA-LIHC) project in the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) database for methylation and transcriptome data analysis. The correlation between NLR and ICI immunotherapy efficacy for HCC was evaluated, identifying differentially expressed genes. Analysis revealed 74 up-regulated and 445 down-regulated genes in the high-NLR group compared to the low-NLR group. NLR-related differential methylation analysis identified 68 hypermethylated and 65 hypomethylated probes in the NLR high group. Furthermore, a machine learning model using 27 intersecting genes predicted PD-1 antibody therapy efficacy, achieving an AUC value of 0.813. In summary, we established a predictive model for HCC immunotherapy based on 27 genes related to differential expressions and NLR-associated methylation, showing significant potential for clinical research potential in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grouper has been highlighted as current hot species for marine aquaculture in China, so it is vital to master its growth performance in early development stage and understand growth trend of it. However, there are few detailed reports on the growth model and biological parameters in the early growth of grouper. The aim of this study is to discuss and compare the applicability of growth indexes and 10 biological growth models in larval and juvenile stage of hybrid and natural groupers, then to evaluate the optimum model. Pearl gentian grouper (PG) and kelp grouper (KG) were selected. The growth data of grouper larvae and juvenile were chosen. Absolute growth (AG), relative growth rate (RGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), and the thermal-unit growth coefficient (TGC) were calculated. Ten nonlinear models, such as Logistic, Gompertz,Von Bertalanffy, Generalized Weibull, Janoschek, Schnute and et al., were used to fit growth. Models were evaluated and selected by Akaike information criterion (AIC) method, the values of RMSE , MAE and R 2 , parameter significance level and iterations. Fitting results showed that compared with AG , RGR and SGR , TGC has higher fitting degree, especially for fitting weight (R 2 > 0.99). In larval stage, Schnute model had the highest best fit ratio (75%), and minimum number of iterations (< 71), with more than two significant parameters (P < 0.001). In juvenile stage, the beat fitting ratio of Janoschek model evaluated by AIC was 25%, and that by RMSE , MAE and R 2 was 50%, which was higher than other models. It also had low iteration times and high significant level (P < 0.05). For model evaluation, best fitting result evaluated by AIC method was different from that evaluated by RMSE , MAE and R 2 . It is more reliable to combine the two methods for model evaluation. The growth curves generated by optimum models showed that the growth characteristics of larvae is exponential, and in juvenile stage, PG maintained accelerated growth but the growth rate of KG gradually decreased. In summary, the optimum model of larval stage was Schnute model and that of juvenile stage was Janoschek model; 4-parameter models have high robustness and accuracy for fitting growth; Compared with KG, PG grows faster and is more suitable for aquaculture. Nonlinear biological models were applied to fit the growth of hybrid and natural grouper in early development stage, which was contribute to investigate the early growth law of grouper, adjust aquaculture management and improve the efficiency of grouper culture. [Display omitted] • Hybrid and natural groupers'early growth investigated • 10 nonlinear models summarized • 4-parameter models having high robustness [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) may help screen vascular cognitive impairment. A recently estimated CSVD score system was suggested to capture the overall CSVD burden. The study aimed to detect the association between systemic evaluation score of cerebral vascular imaging parameters with cognitive functions. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in community settings. From October 2017 to September 2018, elder (≧60) residents were recruited through on-site visit in 6 communities from Shanghai, China. The participants underwent brain MRI, carotid ultrasound, laboratory tests of blood and urine samples. Cognitive function was evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). MRI score of CSVD was calculated according to the 2012 standard for the evaluation of statistical changes in imaging. Results: Total 171 subjects completed survey and examinations. There were 55 participants diagnosed with cognitive impairment, with a total percentage of 32.2%. Participants with and without cognitive impairment showed significant differences in age, BMI and education level. Cognitive impaired participant had more disease history/comorbidity of hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency, higher level of creatinine, as well as lower level of full blood count (FBC) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). A significant difference was detected in CSVD score between participants with and without cognitive impairment. Results of linear regression analysis showed significant negative correlations between MMSE score and both left and right carotid artery peak systolic velocity (PSV), however the CSVD score was only borderline (P = 0.0566) positively correlated with MMSE. Multivariate linear correlation analysis including all collected risk factor data showed that left carotid artery PSV score was among the independent negative correlated factors of MMSE. Multivariate binary logistic analysis showed that age, education and history of hypertension were the only statistically associated factors of cognitive impairment. Conclusions: The current study identified high prevalence of cognitive impairment in a Chinese community. In addition, correlations between cerebral vascular disease imaging status and cognitive functions were confirmed although the sample size limited the possibility of screening cognitive impairment with imaging technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) may help screen vascular cognitive impairment. A recently estimated CSVD score system was suggested to capture the overall CSVD burden. The study aimed to detect the association between systemic evaluation score of cerebral vascular imaging parameters with cognitive functions.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in community settings. From October 2017 to September 2018, elder (≧60) residents were recruited through on-site visit in 6 communities from Shanghai, China. The participants underwent brain MRI, carotid ultrasound, laboratory tests of blood and urine samples. Cognitive function was evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). MRI score of CSVD was calculated according to the 2012 standard for the evaluation of statistical changes in imaging.Results: Total 171 subjects completed survey and examinations. There were 55 participants diagnosed with cognitive impairment, with a total percentage of 32.2%. Participants with and without cognitive impairment showed significant differences in age, BMI and education level. Cognitive impaired participant had more disease history/comorbidity of hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency, higher level of creatinine, as well as lower level of full blood count (FBC) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). A significant difference was detected in CSVD score between participants with and without cognitive impairment. Results of linear regression analysis showed significant negative correlations between MMSE score and both left and right carotid artery peak systolic velocity (PSV), however the CSVD score was only borderline (P = 0.0566) positively correlated with MMSE. Multivariate linear correlation analysis including all collected risk factor data showed that left carotid artery PSV score was among the independent negative correlated factors of MMSE. Multivariate binary logistic analysis showed that age, education and history of hypertension were the only statistically associated factors of cognitive impairment.Conclusions: The current study identified high prevalence of cognitive impairment in a Chinese community. In addition, correlations between cerebral vascular disease imaging status and cognitive functions were confirmed although the sample size limited the possibility of screening cognitive impairment with imaging technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The predominant genotype of Toxoplasma in China is the Chinese 1 (ToxoDB#9) lineage. TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6 are two representative strains of Chinese 1, exhibiting high and low virulence to mice, respectively. Little is known regarding the virulence mechanism of this non-classical genotype. Our previous RNA sequencing data revealed differential mRNA levels of TgMIC1 in TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6. We aim to further confirm the differential expression of TgMIC1 and its significance in this atypical genotype. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to verify the RNA sequencing data; then, polyclonal antibodies against TgMIC1 were prepared and identified. Moreover, the invasion and proliferation of the parasite in HFF cells were observed after treatment with TgMIC1 polyclonal antibody or not. Results: The data showed that the protein level of TgMIC1 was significantly higher in high-virulence strain TgCtwh3 than in low-virulence strain TgCtwh6 and that the invasion and proliferation of TgCtwh3 were inhibited by TgMIC1 polyclonal antibody. Conclusion: Differential expression of TgMIC1 in TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6 may explain, at least partly, the virulence mechanism of this atypical genotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The effect of icotinib on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR exon 19 deletions (19-Del) or L858R point mutation in exon 21 (21-L858R) remains inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of icotinib in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring these 2 EGFR mutations. Methods: We retrospectively assessed the clinical effects of first-line icotinib on advanced NSCLC patients with 2 classic EGFR mutations. Kinase activity assays were used to reaffirm the preclinical efficacy. Results: Among 2,757 patients, 2,365 (86%) harbored 19-Del (1,346/2,757, 49%) or 21-L858R (1,019/2,757, 37%) mutation. Patients with 19-Del had a higher response rate (ORR; 67.8 vs. 62.1%; p = 0.0039) and disease control rate (98.5 vs. 97.2%; p = 0.0223) than those with 21-L858R mutation. The median progression-free survival (PFS) in the 19-Del group (22.3 months, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.3–23.4) was significantly longer than that in the 21-L858R group (20.4 months, 95% CI: 19.5–21.7) (p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, mutation types, clinical stage, and smoking history were significant factors for PFS. Additionally, an in vitro study indicated the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of icotinib was lower for EGFR 19-Del than 21-L858R. Conclusion: These results suggest that EGFR 19-Del confers superior PFS and response to the icotinib treatment compared to 21-L858R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ordos Basin, a large lacustrine basin in the Triassic, possesses amounts of conventional and unconventional petroleum. In the basin, the Chang 7 shales have been studied extensively. Recent studies suggested that the crude oils accumulated in the Triassic Chang 9–8 should be mainly sourced by the Chang 9 shales [including the delta plain shale (DPS), delta front shale (DFS), and deep lake shale (DLS)]. The source rock (SR) potential, hydrocarbon generation (HG), and hydrocarbon expulsion (HE) characters of the Chang 9 shales should be analysed to make a comprehensive source rock evaluation. The shales are evaluated as excellent source rock potential, and the DLS is evaluated as the best potential. The HG–HE of the shales are analysed by utilizing two (closed and open systems) pyrolysis experiments. The DLS activation energy (Ea) shows the narrowest distribution and has the lowest average value of 219.00 kJ/mol. The HG onsets and total amounts of the DFS, DPS, and DLS have been determined (165 Ma and 200 × 103 t/km2, 157 Ma and 305 × 103 t/km2, 154 Ma and 430 × 103 t/km2), and the peak generation of the shales happened at 125–117 Ma, 127–100 Ma, and 125–100 Ma, respectively. The Chang 9 DFS, DPS, and DLS have reached the HE threshold at depths of 2,250, 2,500, and 2050 m, respectively, indicating large amounts of hydrocarbons have been expelled into the Lower Yanchang Formation (LYF). The tight sandstone oil reservoirs (TSORs) are mainly located in the areas where the organic‐rich shales are developed, especially in the northeastern study area. The areas between high‐value zones of source rock properties (e.g., thickness, Ro, total organic carbon, HG–HE intensity) are the sweet spots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We aimed to establish the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBM) in the East Asian population. Methods: Overall survival (OS) and intracranial progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Cox regression analyses were used to determine prognostic factors associated with intracranial PFS and OS. Results: Between July 2007 and December 2019, 431 patients diagnosed with MBM were enrolled. Mucosal subtype (p = 0.013), LDH level (p = 0.014), the number of MBM ≥ 4 (p = 0.02), local treatment (p < 0.0001) and the use of PD-1 inhibitors (p < 0.0001) were independent prognostic factors for intracranial PFS. Mucosal subtype (p = 0.022), LDH level (p = 0.005), no extracranial metastasis (p = 0.01), concurrent liver metastasis (p = 0.004), local treatment (p = 0.001) and the use of PD-1 inhibitors (p < 0.0001) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Mucosal subtype brain metastases had a poor response to PD-1 inhibitors (p = 0.007), with a shorter intracranial PFS than other subtypes. In BRAF mutation patients with MBM, the first-line BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy group had an advantage in OS compared to the first-line anti-PD-1 therapy group (p = 0.043). Conclusion: Our findings depict clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of MBM in the East Asian population, suggesting the mucosal subtype as an adverse prognostic and predictive factor for patients with MBM. For BRAF mutation patients with MBM, first-line BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy may bring a potential survival benefit compared to first-line anti-PD-1 therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the global economy increasingly dependent on innovation, urban discourse has shifted to consider what kinds of spatial designs may best nurture innovation. We examined the relationship between the built environment and the spatial heterogeneity of regional innovation productivity (RIP) using the example of China's Pearl River Delta (PRD). Based on a spatial database of 522 546 patent data from 2017, this study proposed an innovation-based built environment framework with the following five aspects: healthy environment, daily interaction, mixed land use, commuting convenience, and technology atmosphere. Combining negative binomial regression and Geodetector to examine the impact of the built environment on RIP, the results show that the spatial distribution of innovation productivity in the PRD region is extremely uneven. The negative binomial regression results show that the built environment has a significant impact on the spatial differentiation of RIP, and, specifically, that healthy environment, mixed land use, commuting convenience, and technology atmosphere all demonstrate significant positive impacts. Meanwhile, the Geodetector results show that the built environment factor impacts the spatial heterogeneity of RIP to varying degrees, with technology atmosphere demonstrating the greatest impact intensity. We conclude that as regional development discourse shifts focus to the knowledge and innovation economy, the innovation-oriented design and updating of built environments will become extremely important to policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Interleukin- (IL-) 34 is a new type of cytokine with neuroprotective effects discovered in recent years. However, the relationship between IL-34 and vascular dementia (VaD) has not yet been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to determine whether IL-34 is involved in cognitive impairment of VaD. Methods. From January 2017 to December 2020, 84 VaD patients and 60 healthy controls who attended Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital were prospectively included in the study. Once included in the study, demographic features of all research subjects are collected. They include age, gender, education, white blood cells (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC). Meanwhile, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale was used to assess the cognitive function of participants. The serum IL-34 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. There was no significant difference between the demographic features of VaD patients and healthy controls (p > 0.05). However, the serum IL-34 levels of VaD patients and healthy controls are 27.6 ± 3.9 pg / ml and 41.8 ± 6.0 pg / ml , respectively, and there is a significant statistical difference between them (p < 0.001). The results of bivariate correlation analysis showed that serum IL-34 levels were significantly positively correlated with MoCA scores (r = 0.371 , p = 0.023). Further regression analysis showed that IL-34 was still correlated with MoCA after adjusting for demographic features (β = 0.276 , p = 0038). Conclusions. Serum IL-34 levels in VaD patients were significantly reduced, which may be an independent predictor of cognitive impairment in VaD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The predominant genotype of Toxoplasma in China is the Chinese 1 (ToxoDB#9) lineage. TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6 are two representative strains of Chinese 1, exhibiting high and low virulence to mice, respectively. Little is known regarding the virulence mechanism of this non-classical genotype. Our previous RNA sequencing data revealed differential mRNA levels of TgMIC1 in TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6. We aim to further confirm the differential expression of TgMIC1 and its significance in this atypical genotype. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to verify the RNA sequencing data; then, polyclonal antibodies against TgMIC1 were prepared and identified. Moreover, the invasion and proliferation of the parasite in HFF cells were observed after treatment with TgMIC1 polyclonal antibody or not. Results: The data showed that the protein level of TgMIC1 was significantly higher in high-virulence strain TgCtwh3 than in low-virulence strain TgCtwh6 and that the invasion and proliferation of TgCtwh3 were inhibited by TgMIC1 polyclonal antibody. Conclusion: Differential expression of TgMIC1 in TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6 may explain, at least partly, the virulence mechanism of this atypical genotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An understanding of the risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) progression and the associated impacts on clinical prognosis are important for the future management of this common arrhythmia. We aimed to investigate the rate of progression from paroxysmal (PAF) to more sustained subtypes of AF (SAF), the associated risk factors for this progression, and its impact on adverse clinical outcomes. Methods and Results: Using data from the Chinese trial Fibrillation Registry study, we included 8290 PAF patients. Half of them underwent initial AF ablation at enrollment. The main outcomes were ischemic stroke/systemic embolism (IS/SE), cardiovascular hospitalization, cardiovascular death, and all‐cause mortality. The median follow‐up duration was 1091 (704, 1634) days, and progression from PAF to SAF occurred in 881 (22.5%) nonablated patients, while 130 (3.0%) ablated patients had AF recurrence and developed SAF. The incidence rate of AF progression for the cohort was 3.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.64–4.12) per 100 patient‐years, being higher in nonablated compared to ablated patients. Older age, longer AF history, heart failure, hypertension, coronary artery disease, respiratory diseases, and larger atrial diameter were associated with a higher incidence of AF progression, while antiarrhythmic drug use and AF ablation were inversely related to it. For nonablated patients, AF progression was independently associated with an increased risk of IS/SE (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.15–2.01) and cardiovascular hospitalizations (HR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.23–1.58). Conclusion: AF progression was common in its natural course. It was related to comorbidities and whether rhythm control strategies were used, and was associated with an increased risk of IS/SE and cardiovascular hospitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of gas fields, water production problems are seriously affecting production rates. Aiming at the problem of the high production rates of mineralized formation water in China's gas fields, we investigate the feasibility of a foam for gas well deliquification process using a combination of nanoparticles and surfactants. Through the combination of anionic and non‐ionic surfactants, a system with better foam stability is optimized by the hand‐shock method. Based on the formation of hydrogen bonds between the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and SiO2 nanoparticles, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether created hydrophobicity after silica was added. Adsorbed on the gas–liquid interface, the dilatational modulus of the gas–liquid interface increased, the shift time extended, and the diameter of the generated foam is smaller, that is, a unit volume of gas can carry more liquid. Foam stability can be adjusted by altering the pH value of the foam for gas well deliquification. Last, the oil resistance of the system was improved by adding fatty alcohols. Here, a foam for gas well deliquification was established by the combination of surfactant, nanoparticles, and fatty alcohols, which has good foaming performance, stability, and oil resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro-level concerns about climate change can not only affect individual low-carbon behaviors but also exert intense pressure on carbon emission reduction strategies and policy design. However, whether public concern about climate change can affect per capita carbon emission is still unclear. Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China and 188,943 climate change-related blogs from 2012 to 2019, this research investigates the impact of public concern on per capita carbon emissions. Results show that, in general, public concern about climate change has a significant negative impact on per capita carbon emissions in China, indicating that climate crisis awareness has a supervisory effect on greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, the effects of different public concerns on per capita carbon emissions are different, with the topics of "low-carbon appeal" and "concern for future" have significant positive impacts on per capita carbon emissions, while the topics of "carbon governance performance" and "climate change mitigation strategies" have significant negative impacts on per capita carbon emissions. The findings yield new opportunities to delve into the relationship between the externality of people's will and governmental behaviors and provide in-depth insights for decision-makers to develop tailor-made solutions towards carbon reduction and sustainable development. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The DC breakdown characteristic of electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device, which is an important indicator of its transparency and circuit compatibility, has received widespread attention. Currently, methods such as Verilog-A hardware description language, circuit-level SPICE simulation, and process-level device modeling cannot simultaneously achieve high accuracy, good convergence, and fast simulation speed. Therefore, in this paper, a hybrid ESD model based on Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) device-level simulation, Monte Carlo numerical modeling and Verilog-A behavioral modeling is proposed to characterize the ESD characteristics of gate-controlled silicon-controlled rectifier (GCSCR). A device-level model of GCSCR was established using TCAD, and the working mechanism was simulated. By extracting the electric field from TCAD and using the Monte Carlo modeling method, the DC characteristic of GCSCR was accurately characterized. In addition, the snapback characteristic of the device was successfully simulated by Verilog-A. The effectiveness of the above approaches was further verified based on the 0.18 μm standard BCD (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) process. Comparison results indicate that the hybrid model exhibits high simulation accuracy, good convergence and good universality and scalability, providing a simple and effective modeling solution for ESD devices of different structures and sizes. 1 This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62174052, 61827812), Hunan Science and Technology Department Huxiang High-level Talent Gathering Project (Grant No. 2019RS1037) and Innovation Project of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2020GK2018). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present comprehensive Li-C-Sr isotopic studies on two classic marine carbonate sections (Yangdi and Dongcun) transecting the Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian (F F) boundary from South China to constrain the causes of the F F mass extinction. Both sections show positive Li and C isotopic excursions in carbonate and unchanged conodont 87Sr/86Sr ratios across the F F boundary. Low Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios, but heavy Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of the Dongcun section indicate possible diagenetic alteration on carbonate Li isotopic records. By contrast, the Yangdi section records more primary seawater δ7Li signal, showing a ∼ 2 ‰ positive excursion before the F F boundary, although reconstructed paleo-seawater δ7Li values (from 11.8 ± 1.4‰ to 13.8 ± 1.4‰) are lower than modern times. Combined box model with Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates that low seawater δ7Li requires low riverine δ7Li and small effective Li isotopic fractionation by marine sinks (Δ7Li sw-ms). The latter is likely due to high silicon concentration in the paleo-seawater and rapid formation of clay minerals. Positive δ7Li excursion but invariant 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the seawater are related to attenuated continental weathering (reduced riverine fluxes but increased riverine δ7Li), and enlarged effective Δ7Li sw-ms. Based on the present data we suggest that rapid climate cooling is responsible for the weathering transition and must have exerted significant influence on the marine environment. Global climate cooling weakens seawater stratification while intensifying oceanic circulation and upwelling, resulting in enhanced primary productivity, precipitation of the Kellwasser black shales and a remarkable positive C isotopic excursion in carbonate. Additionally, rapid climate cooling around the F F boundary has significantly threatened the ecological system and finally triggered mass extinction especially for the faunas adapted to warm temperatures. • Positive carbonate Li C isotopic excursions are observed around the F F boundary. • Conodont 87Sr/86Sr ratios are unchanged. • Modeling results indicate attenuated continental weathering. • Rapid climate cooling triggered the F F mass extinction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present high-precision Ca isotopic data for 21 Cenozoic basaltic lavas from eastern China to evaluate the potential of Ca isotopes as a tool to trace the recycling of surface carbonates. These samples were derived from a variety of peridotite to pyroxenite mantle sources hybridized by different slab-derived agents. The δ44/42Ca of eastern China Cenozoic basaltic lavas ranges from 0.24 ± 0.03‰ (2SE, if not specified) to 0.39 ± 0.03‰, with an average of 0.31 ± 0.09‰ (2SD, N = 21), systematically lower than mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB, 0.39 ± 0.07‰, 2SD, N = 30). No convincing correlation has been observed with δ26Mg and δ66Zn, indicating that metasomatism by recycled carbonates may not always yield Ca isotopically distinct mantle sources. δ44/42Ca shows correlations with parameters reflecting degree of partial melting (e.g., K 2 O, Nb, LREE, U, Th, Rb, and Sr) and residual garnet signature (i.e., (Dy/Yb) N). Nevertheless, modeling results suggest that Ca isotope fractionation during mantle and/or slab melting with the presence of garnet can partially account for the observed variable δ44/42Ca. Recycled carbonates with low δ44/42Ca were likely involved in the origins of the lightest lavas. Particularly, the nephelinitic lightest lavas also have the lowest δ26Mg, Ti/Ti⁎ and Hf/Hf⁎ among all the studied samples, reflecting a role of carbonatitic metasomatism in their sources. This study illustrates that a strongly light Ca isotope anomaly (e.g., δ44/42Ca ∼ 0.24‰) observed in basaltic lavas is likely associated with the recycling of carbonates into the mantle. • Cenozoic basaltic lavas from eastern China have δ44/42Ca variable from a MORB-like value (∼0.39‰) to ∼0.24‰. • The observed δ44/42Ca variation can be partially attributed to isotope fractionation during melting processes. • Involvement of light carbonates in the sources appears to be rather likely for the lightest lavas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Production of medical isotopes has recently been developed at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) in China and many aqueous samples containing produced radioisotopes at wide range of volume were generated. Evaluation of radionuclidic purity and quantification of radioactivity for these samples are of significant importance, especially for medical purpose. High purity germanium (HPGe) detectors and gamma spectrometry are widely used in radionuclidic purity evaluation due to the high energy resolution. However, radionuclidic purity assessment and determination of radioactivity cannot be accurately conducted by using the HPGe detector installed at Laboratory of Nuclear Chemistry in IMP due to the lack of competent calibration standard sources. Therefore, an efficient method based on Geant4 simulation was proposed to calculate the detection efficiency curve for samples with different geometry, composition and source-to-detector distance. A set of efficiency data measured with a point-like standard source containing multi-radionuclides was used to determine the dimension of germanium crystal and thickness of dead layers. Afterwards, a point-like and 3 volumetric standard sources (5 ml, 10 ml and 20 ml, respectively) containing 152Eu were measured at 5–50 cm source-to-detector distances. The EFFTRAN code was applied to calculate the correction factor of coincidence summing for all measurements. The full energy peak (FEP) efficiencies with energy range of 121–1408 keV were calculated and compared with the values obtained from simulations. The simulated FEP efficiency values were in good agreement with experimental results, which illustrated a satisfactory precision of the Geant4 simulations. The feasibility of obtaining detection efficiency for point-like and volumetric samples by means of Geant4 simulations was confirmed. This method can be applied to address the efficiency problem caused by sample geometry and composition. • An accurate model of HPGe detector was built in a Geant4 simulation. • The simulated efficiencies are in good agreement with experimental values for all samples at large detection distances. • Precise results are obtained from simulation with most of the deviation (between simulation and experiments) < 10%. • This method can be used to address efficiency calibration problem caused by the geometry and composition of samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The special public funding policies, formulated and implemented by provincial governments, plays an important role in the development of private universities in China. However, there is a lack of scientific evaluation on the rationality and completeness of the provincial special public funding policy of China's private colleges and universities. Therefore, this paper uses PMC-index model and text mining technology to establish an evaluation index system for the provincial special public funding policy of private universities in China. Based on PMC-Index and PMC-Surface, 13 policy texts issued since 2010 were evaluated scientifically. The results show that the average PMC-Index of the 13 policies is 6.97, and the PMC-Surface map is smooth, which indicates that the overall structure of these policies is reasonable and the policy content has certain completeness. Only one policy is unacceptable. Through further analysis, we found that there is still much room for improvement in the content design of the sample policy, and its rationality and completeness are related to the publication time. This study is helpful to fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the provincial special public funding policy of private universities in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Following the discovery and emergence of the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, the Chinese government formally banned colistin as an animal growth promoter on April 30, 2017. Herein, we report patterns in colistin resistance and mcr-1 abundance in Escherichia coli from animals and humans between 2015 and 2019, to evaluate the effects of the colistin withdrawal.Methods: We did an epidemiology comparative study to investigate: annual production and sales of colistin in agriculture across mainland China according to data from the China Veterinary Drug Association from 2015 to 2018; the prevalence of colistin-resistant E coli (CREC) in pigs and chickens in 23 Chinese provinces and municipalities as reported in the China Surveillance on Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Origin database from Jan 1, 2015, to Dec 31, 2016, and Jan 1, 2017, to Dec 31, 2018; the presence of residual colistin and mcr-1 in faeces from 118 animal farms (60 pig, 29 chicken, and 29 cattle) across four provinces over July 1, 2017, to August 31, 2017, and July 1, 2018 to August 31, 2018; the prevalence of mcr-1-positive E coli (MCRPEC) carriage in healthy individuals attending routine hospital examinations across 24 provinces and municipalities from June 1 to July 30, 2019, comparing with equivalent 2016 data (June 1 to September 30) from our previous study in the same hospitals; and the patterns in CREC prevalence among hospital E coli infections across 26 provinces and municipalities from Jan 1, 2015, to Dec 31, 2016, and Jan 1, 2018, to Dec 31, 2019, reported on the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network.Findings: After the ban on colistin as a growth promoter, marked reductions were observed in the production (27 170 tonnes in 2015 vs 2497 tonnes in 2018) and sale (US$71·5 million in 2015 vs US$8·0 million in 2018) of colistin sulfate premix. Across 118 farms in four provinces, mean colistin residue concentration was 191·1 μg/kg (SD 934·1) in 2017 versus 7·5 μg/kg (50·0) in 2018 (p<0·0001), and the median relative abundance of mcr-1 per 16S RNA was 0·0009 [IQR 0·0001-0·0059] in 2017 versus 0·0002 [0·0000-0·0020] in 2018 (p=0·0001). Across 23 provinces and municipalities, CREC was identified in pig faeces in 1153 (34·0%) of 3396 samples in 2015-16 versus 142 (5·1%) of 2781 in 2017-18 (p<0·0001); and in chickens in 474 (18·1%) of 2614 samples in 2015-16 versus 143 (5·0%) of 2887 in 2017-18 (p<0·0001). In hospitals across 24 provincial capital cities and municipalities, human carriage of MCRPEC was identified in 644 (14·3%) of 4498 samples in 2016 versus 357 (6·3%) of 5657 in 2019 (p<0·0001). Clinical CREC infections in 26 provinces and municipalities comprised 1059 (1·7%) of 62 737 E coli infections in 2015-16 versus 794 (1·3%) of 59 385 in 2018-19 (p<0·0001).Interpretation: The colistin withdrawal policy and the decreasing use of colistin in agriculture have had a significant effect on reducing colistin resistance in both animals and humans in China. However, continuous colistin monitoring is essential, in particular to act as an early warning system for colistin stewardship in Chinese hospitals.Funding: National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and UK Medical Research Council. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Somatosensory changes in Chinese temporomandibular disorders (TMD) arthralgia patients have not been fully studied by the latest technologies. Objective: This study aims at assessing somatosensory changes in Chinese TMD arthralgia patients quantitatively. Methods: Standardised quantitative sensory testing (QST) was performed on the pain sites and contralateral sites of 40 patients diagnosed with TMD arthralgia according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) before and after medication; similar measures were taken in 40 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls. Differences within and between groups were assessed through Z‐scores, two‐way ANOVA and loss/gain coding system. Results: The pain sites of patients presented increased sensitivity to thermal stimuli and mechanical pain stimuli together with decreased sensitivity to mechanical tactile stimuli before medication (P <.001). Before treatment, 100% of patients had somatosensory abnormalities at the pain sites; the most frequent abnormalities were somatosensory gain to cold nociceptive, pinprick and pressure stimuli, and the most frequent loss/gain score was L0G3 (no somatosensory loss with a gain of thermal and mechanical somatosensory function; 70.0%). After treatment, although the clinical symptoms and signs of 40 patients disappeared, 80.0% of the patients' pain sites still showed multiple phenotype abnormalities. The most frequent loss/gain score was L0G2 (no somatosensory loss with a gain of mechanical somatosensory function; 35.0%). Conclusions: Multiple phenotypes of facial somatosensory abnormalities were detected in Chinese TMD arthralgia patients before and after treatment, despite the disappearance of clinical signs and symptoms. Individual variations indicate a possible need for subgroup classification, individualised management and mechanism‐based treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Baishan Mo deposit in the eastern Tianshan Mountains is representative of the local metallogenic Triassic Mo belt. In this study, the geological characteristics, petrography, and geochemistry of the granite porphyry and the Mo deposit were examined using zircon U–Pb dating, molybdenite Re–Os isotope dating, whole‐rock geochemistry, and fluid inclusions. Results show that the crystallisation age of the Baishan granite porphyry is 229.8 ± 1.4 Ma and the Re–Os age of molybdenite in the ore body quartz vein is 225.0 ± 1.2 Ma. Therefore, the ore formed basically at the same time as diagenesis in the Late Triassic. The Baishan granite porphyry has high levels of Si, Al, and alkalis (K2O + Na2O = 5.72–8.88%) and low levels of Mg. The differentiation index is high (81.68–91.20), while the aluminium saturation index is low, indicating that the pluton belongs to metaluminous–weak peraluminous highly fractionated I‐type granite. The rock is also enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large‐ion lithophile elements but depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and high‐field‐strength elements, with a distinct differentiation between LREEs and HREEs. δEu is weakly negative. The high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios indicate geochemical characteristics similar to adakite rocks. The formation of the deposit is closely related to Mo‐rich, low‐salinity (1.23‐ to 9.73‐wt.% NaCl eqv.), and medium‐ to low‐temperature (91–280°C) magmatic fluid in the plate extension setting. The magma was derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust and possibly mixed with intrusive mantle‐derived magma. The ore‐forming fluids were uplifted, transported, mixed with meteoric water, and precipitated to form the Mo ore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels are independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unclear whether the coexistence of these conditions accelerates the risk of arterial stiffness. Our study aimed to evaluate the association of combined Hcy and hsCRP with arterial stiffness in Chinese middle-aged adults. Material/Methods: We conducted a 12-year longitudinal study in 220 individuals in Hanzhong, China, from 2005 to 2017. The average age at follow-up was 41.83 ± 3.10 years. Demographic information, medical history, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure as well as urine and fasting blood samples, including Hcy, hsCRP, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured and analyzed. Results: BaPWV levels showed a linear growth trend with the increasing of hsCRP (p for trend <0.01). The ORs in the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile were 1.985 (95% CI 0.776–5.077; p = 0.152) and 3.960 (95% CI 1.468–10.684; p= 0.007) for Hcy and hsCRP, respectively. When Hcy and hsCRP were combined, subjects in both the highest quartile of Hcy and hsCRP (Hcy ≥15.50 μmol/L and hsCRP ≥0.82 μmol/L) had a 12.68-fold increased risk of developing arterial stiffness at the 12-year follow-up compared to those in the lowest quartile of Hcy and hsCRP (Hcy ≤9.91 μmol/L and hsCRP ≤0.19 μmol/L) after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that the combination of elevated serum Hcy and hsCRP may contribute to an increased risk of arterial stiffness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]