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The Cuban sugar industry has experience in the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) since 2001, with the limitation of using proprietary tools and without accessible centralized databases. As a higher step, a Spatial Data Infrastructure (IDE-Azcuba) has been developed by Geocuba for the management of the sugarcane areas of Villa Clara. The IDE-Azcuba manages geospatial images from satellites (Sentinel-2) which allows the calculation of various indices of agricultural importance. For its deployment, this application consumes a large amount of data and is relatively highly complex, which makes it inaccessible to sugar companies and producers. As a solution, a Geoportal is proposed as a light version of the IDE-Azcuba, accessible from cell phones, within the reach of sugar producers and companies. The information on sugarcane variables obtained from INICA's technical scientific services has been integrated into the Geoportal. Such as: Territorial Planning, Varieties and Seeds, Integral Weeds, Fertilizers and Amendments; and Phytosanitary. Having a built-in cache version that allows you to work offline with the most important information, directly in the plantations and productive units, where there are major connectivity problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this article, I utilize the concept of the Plantationocene as an analytical framework to generate a holistic and historical understanding of the present-day struggles of a mostly Haitian migrant workforce on sugar plantations in the Dominican Republic. Methods: Inspired by Paul Farmer's methodology, I combine political economy, history, and ethnography approaches to interpret the experiences of sugarcane cutters across historical and contemporary iterations of colonial, post-colonial, and neo-colonial practices over the course of five centuries. Results: My findings elucidate the enduring power of capitalism, implicating corporate and state elites, as the structural scaffolding for acts of racialized violence that condition the life-and-death circumstances of Black laborers on Caribbean plantations to this day. Although today's sugarcane cutters may suffer differently than their enslaved or wage labor ancestors on the plantation, I argue that an unfettered racialized pattern of lethal exploitation is sustained through the structural violence of neoliberalism that links present conditions with the colonial past. Conclusions: Ultimately, this paper contributes understandings of the plantationocene's enduring effects in the global south by demonstrating how imperialist arrangements of capitalism are not a distant memory from the colonial past but instead are present yet hidden and obscured while relocated and reanimated overseas to countries like the Dominican Republic, where American capitalists still exploit Black bodies for profit and power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As more sources have been made available by the Legacies of British Slavery project, it is clear that ties between Atlantic world slavery and Queensland's sugar industry are considerably more extensive than previously understood. This article goes beyond looking at money and men to explore what this means for understandings of race, slavery and indenture on Australia's sugar plantations. It argues that slavery was understood in specific ways by West Indians after emancipation, and that race was increasingly used to bolster white supremacy, both of which adversely affected Pacific Islanders in Queensland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Asian Economies is the property of Institute of Developing Economies, JETRO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article studies how the governance of a colonial value-chain impacted upon the value-added created. The article focuses on the value-chain of colonial sugar produced in the slave plantation complex in the Americas. Previous research has suggested that British planters in the Caribbean were able to reap high profits because of a protected market for sugar in Britain. In this paper, it is argued that it was mainly British refiners that were able to profit from these protectionist policies. Wholesale prices of muscovado sugar are shown to have been more or less on a par with those prevalent under free-market conditions, whereas the price of refined sugar was considerably higher in Britain than it presumably would have been in a free-market. Limited competition and active collusion between refiners seem to have increased the mark-up on the refined sugar relative to the price of muscovado in Britain. Focusing only on the profitability on certain links in value-chains associated with the slave plantation complex in the Americas (most importantly the slave trade) might detract attention from how the governance structure of the value-chains allowed profits to be reaped elsewhere in the same value-chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the legacies of British slavery in Australia, as revealed by the story of slave owner John Ewen Davidson. Topics discussed include a background on the wealth of Davidson's family, the personification of the Queensland sugar industry by Davidson, and the plans of Davidson for a sugar plantation.

In the 1970s, a group of young historians took up the challenge of (re) writing historical narratives about Puerto Rico's 19th century. Most of the narratives focused on the economic and social history of the island's integration into the world economy via the export trades in sugar, coffee, and tobacco. No one was more influential than Andrés A. Ramos Mattei in breaking new ground on these historical topics. I contributed a study on the sugar plantation economy of the Ponce region--the island's largest-- during the first half of the century, a period when production fell largely in the hands of enslaved workers from Africa. The essay revisits the Sugar and Slavery book with the intention of placing it in a larger historiographical context, i.e., writings on the slave-holding Puerto Rican economy and society before and since the book's publication. It concludes that while it raised some significant points, there were also meaningful gaps and silences. I consider three of these (silence on gender and its intersectionalities, missed opportunities on the study of proto-peasantry, and little attention to culture-building) for further conceptualization, calling on future historians of Puerto Rico to take these up in new and more integral investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The origins of capitalism in the British West Indies began as part of the revolutionary shift to sugar and slavery in Barbados in the second quarter of the 17th-century. This study examines the origins of capitalism in Barbados through the exploration of the historical record and archaeological findings from Trents Plantation and other early colonial estates in Barbados. The expansion of agro-industrial sugar production into the English colony of Barbados set in motion a dramatic shift in social and economic structures. Social and economic change resulted from the intersection of access to investor capital, dramatic profits rapidly amassed through the production of a commoditized cash crop, sugar, and a related shift in the labor force to a reliance on large numbers of enslaved laborers from Africa. The change took place rapidly during a period of political turmoil in England that resulted in laissez-faire governance and a void in administrative oversight in the West Indies. The social and economic changes seen in the archaeological record at Trents, and actuated across Barbados, had a dramatic impact on the broader Atlantic World, inclusive of the Americas, Europe, Africa, and their trading partners across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This is a study of the social consequences of accounting controls over labour. This paper aims to examine the system of tasking used to control Indian indentured workers in the historical context of Fijian sugar plantations during the British colonial period from 1879 to 1920.Design/methodology/approach Archival data consisting of documents from the Colonial Secretary’s Office, reports and related literature on Indian indentured labour were accessed from the National Archives of Fiji. In addition, documented accounts of the experiences of indentured labourers over the period of the study gave voice to the social costs of the indenture system, highlighting the social impact of accounting control systems.Findings Accounting and management controls were developed to extract surplus value from Indian labour. The practice of tasking was implemented in a plantation structure where indentured labourers were controlled hierarchically. This resulted in their exploitation and consequent economic, social and racial marginalisation.Research limitations/implications Like all historical research, our interpretation is limited by the availability of archival documents and the theoretical framework chosen to examine these documents.Practical implications The study promotes a better understanding of the practice and impact of accounting controls within a particular institutional setting, in this case the British colony of Fiji.Social implications By highlighting the social implications of accounting controls in their historical context, we alert corporations, government policy makers, accountants and workers to the socially damaging effects of exploitive management control systems.Originality/value The paper contributes to the growing body of literature highlighting the social effects of accounting control systems. It exposes the social costs borne by indentured workers employed on Fijian sugar plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A major obstacle to understanding Montserrat's sugar industry and the often-contentious social dynamics that accompanied it has been the absence of a comprehensive study of the small Caribbean island's plantation-era cultural landscape. We employ a multi-scalar approach, combining archival research and archaeological survey data, to trace the island's shifting socio-cultural composition and fluctuating sugar industry over the course of two centuries (ca. 1650-1850). Adopting an island-wide perspective on the interpretation of Montserrat's plantation-era remains, we expand the breadth and depth of understandings about the island's sugar society through comparative, multi-sited analyses. Our findings underscore the importance of extending Caribbean plantation studies beyond individual estates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pioneer Valley at Mackay is the centre of a thriving sugar industry that supports 120,000 people and brings millions of dollars into the Australian economy through milling sugar cane. The valley presents a vista of kilometre after kilometre of flat green and brown symmetrical patterns. In the growing season, rectangles striped with furrows carry on as far as the eye can see, blending into green blocks as the cane grows, with the pattern broken only by natural topographic features such as creeks, the Pioneer River, occasional hills and small towns. Cane totally dominates the flat land, but at the edges of the valley it is gradually overshadowed by the brown and grey of the higher untamed areas. Within this green, brown and grey picture is another pattern, the imposed logistics of roads, railways, and glistening galvanised roofs on the houses and sheds, softened by the dark green of mango and other fruit trees, stately hoop pines, fig and shade trees. On the edges of the valley floor, the hills become more numerous, feeding into the surrounding mountain ranges. The visual pattern partly relates to topography, but includes elements dating back to the shapes of the first land selections and subsequent surveying from the 1860s onwards, as well as the need for road and rail links between early settlements, and more recently by the needs of modern mechanical farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economics / Ekonomia is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Archaeological research on two sugar plantations of the Chapada dos Guimarães region of West Brazil, the engenhos (sugar mills) of Rio da Casca and Agua Fria, has provided an opportunity to study the organization and use of these spaces by planters, free laborers, and slaves. Planters organized the plantations according to a rigidly hierarchical model in which the planter's house was the central location. They distributed European-produced goods among free laborers and slaves, aiming to reaffirm this hierarchical order. Though the slaves, in turn, had to live within this hierarchical system, they were also able to take advantage of opportunities to subvert this space, using it according to their own practices and traditions. In this sense, they invested the locally produced low-fired earth- enware with sign-values and symbols related to their African backgrounds. Thus, two sets of discourses were fitted into the same landscape, composing a dialectic that characterized the multicultural space of the plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how the Barbadian sugar industry was interpreted by the English scientific community in the latter seventeenth century. In particular it focuses upon the spread of ingenios (sugar mills) to Barbados from Brazil, and how this process was understood and chronicled by England’s early scientific community of experimental philosophers. It then contrasts these narratives against archived plantation documents from this period, demonstrating how these writers, despite explicit claims to the contrary, were relatively unconcerned with creating an objective account of sugar-making. Rather, they highlighted specific elements of the industry in order to make the ‘invention’ of sugar appear congruent with their new experimental methodology. These scientific narratives thus ignore a host of factors within the early Barbadian industry, particularly the critical sugar-making knowledge embodied within the plantation’s servile workforce. Rather than illuminating this facet of the industry, experimental philosophers efface these workers and portray ingenios as the laudable product of a few ingenious, experimenting white planters. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Once the British transatlantic slave trade came under abolitionists' scrutiny in 1788, West Indian slaveholders had to consider alternative methods of obtaining well-needed laborers. This article examines changes in enslaved women's working lives as planters sought to increase birth rates to replenish declining laboring populations. By focusing more on variances in work assignment and degrees of punishment rather than their absence, this article establishes that enslaved women in Jamaica experienced a considerable shift in their work responsibilities and their subjection to discipline as slaveholders sought to capitalize on their abilities to reproduce. Enslaved women's reproductive capabilities were pivotal for slavery and the plantation economy's survival once legal supplies from Africa were discontinued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a detailed case study of the financial records of a Barbadian sugar plantation, Turner's Hall, from 1770 to 1793. It explores the challenges faced by the managers and the strategies they adopted. The most significant internal challenge was the maintenance of a sufficient labour force and the two greatest external challenges were the American Revolution and the hurricane of 1780. Sugar production was an uncertain and volatile business, especially in this era, but the potential for high returns, even during the war, offset these risks and planters could adapt quickly to the changing business environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: While the environmental and economic dimensions of sustainability have received plenty of attention in biofuel policies and assessment, only recently has the social ‘pillar’ gained increasing weight, demonstrated e.g. by debates over the dilemmas such as food vs. fuel and large vs. small-scale biofuel production. This paper calls for greater attention to power relations when assessing biofuel policies. A centre-periphery framework is applied for examining power relations in the Brazilian sugar and alcohol sector since the launching of the country''s transport biofuel programme, Proálcool, in 1975. Particular attention is paid to the country''s poor Northeast, today responsible for a small fraction of bioethanol production in Brazil, but highly dependent on its sugar and alcohol sector for employment and economic output. The analysis demonstrates the pervasive role of unequal and rigid power relations in shaping Proálcool''s social impacts. The small sugar elite in the Northeast has increased its power and protected itself against market instability by diversifying its activity, while the benefits have failed to trickle down to the poorest in the sugarcane zone in the Northeast coast. The recent and on-going entry of new players in the Brazilian biofuel scene may provide opportunities of breaking the entrenched power structures and creating space for more pro-poor policies, notably through international sustainability certification. Any such schemes must, however, be designed carefully to avoid capture by the regional elites, and counteract the present tendencies towards further concentration of power – a danger particularly acute in the development of advanced next generation biofuels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this work is performed the modeling the life cycle inventory of crude sugar production from in the "Heriberto Duquesne" Sugar Company; which allows assessing the environmental impacts associated with the process in different operation scenarios and identify major operational variables that have impact on each of the impact categories analyzed. By means the tree of process are identified all current input/ output for each unit operations of the process. SimaPro 7.1 software is used for editing and configuration of the inventory parameters through material and energy balances, is identified the hierarchy of the same uni-level processes to build and compare different scenarios. Different production scenarios are evaluated by varying input parameters and output, using the methodology of the Eco-indicator 99, which is an option for sensitivity analysis of the variables, involved and can be used for modeling any scenario with similar characteristics in the sugar industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented which explores the history of Haitian immigrant workers on Cuban sugar plantations during the first half of the 20th century. It examines the Haitian workers' position in the lower class of Cuban society and explores how this factor resulted in several instances of wage and labor protest by sugar plantation workers. Other topics include segregation within sugar centrales, or mills, slavery in the Caribbean Area, and representations of Haitian workers in Cuban newspapers.

An article discussing the evolution of the sugar industry and trade in Trinidad is presented. The author examines the history of cane plantations and sugar production in Trinidad, and cites declining profitability and increased urbanization on the island as major contributors to the disappearance of the sugar industry in Trinidad. Devaluation of Trinidad's currency, the effect of globalization on the island's economy, and the possibility of a revival of Trinidad's cash crop sugaring industry are also addressed.

Sugar producers decided pick up on the best of tradition of czech sugar industry and they build up in Dobrovice Museum of sugar industry, distillery industry, sugar beet growing and city Dobrovice. Museum rise in premises of unused cultural historic landmark - service court from 16th century. In the court are extant significant relics of renaissance architecture, later enriched rather baroque and classicism additional buildings. Reconstruction of the premises, which begun in September 2008, is under strict supervision of monument preservation and will be finished in May 2010. The Museum will offer four expositions. The main exposition, which will be dedicated to sugar industry, is focused on history of sugar beet growing and city Dobrovice. The Museum is under the auspices of not-for-profit organisation Muzeum a spoleČenské centrum Dobrovice, which was found by city Dobrovice and sugar beet producer Cukrovary a lihovary TTD, Inc. This company will for attractivity inCSease cooperate with carload of institutions, for example with National technical museum in Prague. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lists is published yearly by the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (ÚKZÚZ) commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic. Those who take part in the testing are Sugar Beet Growers Associations, sugar companies and seed firms. The testing replaces the former system of United testing of registered sugar beet varieties (existing since 1993). Leaf diseases, yield,sugar content, sugar yield etc. are evaluated. The INDEX is the overall indicator expressing parameters of a variety to the average of all tested assortment on a relative scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information about the Kilauea Sugar Plantation in Hawaii. The plantation began in 1877 with the planting and purchasing of mill equipment. It was one of a handful of plantations owned by San Francisco, California capitalists following the 1898 annexation of Hawaii by the U.S. The article also notes that Kilauea Plantation was unique in its position in the country's sugar industry. Particular focus is given to a photo album belonging to board of directors secretary H. W. Thomas which presents a record of sugar production and plantation life in Hawaii during the early 20th century.

The article presents a critique of author Daphne Rooke's novel "Ratoons." The author discusses Rook's fictionalized accounts of sugar farming in South Africa as expressed in metaphor and materiality. The author also provides historical information concerning the sugar trade in Africa and sugar production through the plantation system.

Sugarcane is an important industrial crop because it is the major source of white sugar. It is also one of the crops for the alcohol and biofuel industries. Disease-causing organisms can significantly decrease the productivity of sugarcane plants and sugar quality. Among the disease-causing organisms, Colletotrichum falcatum Went causes the most significant economic loss (5–50%) in the sugarcane production due to red rot disease. This loss results in only 31% sugar recovery. It is reported that C. falcatum can kill sugarcane plants. Currently, there is no sustainable way of preventing red rot disease from spreading in sugarcane plantations. Many popular sugarcane varieties are no longer used in sugarcane cultivation because of their susceptibility to C. falcatum. The objectives of this manuscript were to: (i) summarize existing approaches for the early detection of red rot disease and controlling techniques of red rot disease in the field and laboratory and (ii) assess red rot disease control effectiveness so as to propose better methods for mitigating the spread C. falcatum. If our proposition is adopted or practiced, it could significantly contribute to the mitigation of C. falcatum infection in the sugarcane industry. This could enable achieving sustainable cultivation of sugarcanes to guarantee the sustainability of the sugar industry in the tropics and the subtropics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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