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The intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) of alkene-tethered α-silyloxydiazoalkanes provides variable stereoselectivity in generating bicyclic pyrazolines where the silyloxy group is either syn or anti to the newly formed pyrazoline ring. To elucidate the origin of the stereoselectivity, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out for the energy of each transition state structure (TSs) and product. Steric effects were identified as the major determining factors in the diastereoselectivity of the 32CA reaction with regards to substrate structure (cyclic or acyclic α-silyloxydiazoalkanes).

Density functional theory (DFT) and conceptual/chemical DFT studies are carried out in this work for the normal electron demand Diels-Alder reaction between isoprene and acrolein to compare chemical reactivity and regioselectivity of the reactants in the absence and presence of Lewis acid (LA) catalysts. A cyclic coplanar structure of acrolein-LA complex has been observed and the natural bond orbital analysis has been employed to interpret the interaction between acrolein and LAs. Reactivity indices from frontier molecular orbital energies are proved to be adequate and efficient to evaluate the catalytic property of LAs. Linear relationships have been discovered among the bond order, bond length, catalytic activation, and chemical reactivity for the systems concerned. The validity and applicability of maximum hardness principle, minimum polarizability principle, and minimum electrophilicity principle are examined and discussed in the prediction of the major regioselective isomer and the preferred reaction pathway for the reactions in the present study.

We propose an efficient scheme for deterministic one-step generation of three-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state in a bimodal cavity based on quantum Zeno dynamics, which reduces the complexity of the experiment operations. The cavity modes are not excited in the evolution and the influence of atomic spontaneous emission and the cavity decay is also discussed by numerical calculation. The results demonstrate that the scheme is robust against the cavity decay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study quantum correlation in separable systems termed quantum dissonance [K. Modi, T. Paterek, W. Son, V. Vedral, M. Williamson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 080501 (2010)]. Firstly, we study the emergence of quantum dissonance between two atoms prepared in uncorrelated states and coupled to a single-mode thermal field. We show that even for situations when the thermal field cannot entangle the two atoms, it can nevertheless induce quantum dissonance between them. Then, we investigate the dynamics including the transfer in both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes of quantum dissonance due to dissipation modeled by two independent subsystems each of which consists of a leaky cavity containing a two-level atom and surrounded by a reservoir. The two subsystems possess some amount of atomic quantum dissonance at the beginning but do not interact with each other by any means later on. We show that the quantum dissonance can be transferred among the composite subsystems, but the way it evolves and is transferred may be very different compared to that of entanglement. Finally, we present an efficient method to refrain the unwanted transfer of quantum dissonance from interested systems to reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a scheme for deterministic generation of entanglement embodied by two $\Lambda $-type atoms distributed in two coupled cavities. We study such a system in the dispersive atom-field interactions, where the dynamics of the system operates through the virtual population of both the atomic excited states and the photonic states in the cavities (plus the fiber). We verify the validity of the dynamics, and moreover, study the influences of the decoherence due to the spontaneous emission and photon leakage. We also apply the dynamics for realizing quantum state transfer and quantum phase gates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the non-markovian entanglement dynamics of two independent atoms, each off-resonantly coupling with a zero temperature reservoir. For two types of initial entanglement, corresponding to spin correlated and anti-correlated Bell-like states |φ〉 and |ψ〉, we study the dependence of the two-qubit entanglement transfer on both the off-resonant interactions and the cavity pseudomode decay. The speed of the entanglement transfer is related to the choice of the atom detuning from the cavity pseudomode, the cavity pseudomode decay and the relative coupling. Furthermore, compared to the ideal cavities, entanglement transfer and sudden death can not be prevented using off-resonant interactions in the lossy cavities, and the conservation rules are always satisfied in the off-resonant and lossy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a new linear optical protocol for remote state preparation (RSP) between two parties under control of a number of controllers in terms of optical elements. The proposed setup involves simple linear optical elements, a N-photon polarization entangled state, and photon de tectors, witch have been widely used in experiment. The realization of this protocol is appealing due to the fact that quantum state of light is robust against the decoherence and photons are ideal carriers for transmitting quantum information over long distances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A double Tavis-Cummings model (DTCM) is developed to simulate the entanglement dynamics of realistic quantum information processing where two entangled atom-pairs AB and CD are distributed in such a way that atoms AC are embedded in a cavity a while BD are located in another remote cavity b. The evolutions of different types of initially shared entanglement of atoms are studied under various initial states of cavity fields. The results obtained in the DTCM are compared with that obtained in the double Jaynes-Cummings model (DJCM) [M. Yönaç, T. Yu, J.H. Eberly, J. Phys. B 40, S45 (2007)] and an interaction strength theory is proposed to explain the parameter domain in which the so-called entanglement sudden death occurs for both the DTCM and DJCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent experiments and theories have suggested that strong spin–orbit coupling effects in certain band insulators can give rise to a new phase of quantum matter, the so-called topological insulator, which can show macroscopic quantum-entanglement effects. Such systems feature two-dimensional surface states whose electrodynamic properties are described not by the conventional Maxwell equations but rather by an attached axion field, originally proposed to describe interacting quarks. It has been proposed that a topological insulator with a single Dirac cone interfaced with a superconductor can form the most elementary unit for performing fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here we present an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study that reveals the first observation of such a topological state of matter featuring a single surface Dirac cone realized in the naturally occurring Bi2Se3 class of materials. Our results, supported by our theoretical calculations, demonstrate that undoped Bi2Se3 can serve as the parent matrix compound for the long-sought topological device where in-plane carrier transport would have a purely quantum topological origin. Our study further suggests that the undoped compound reached via n-to-p doping should show topological transport phenomena even at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nontrivial protocol for teleporting an unknown N-qubit W-like state is proposed. The consumed resource is only ( N-1) shared ebits and 2( N-1) bits of classical communication, while the technique involves only controlled-NOT gates and single-qubit measurements/operations. The rule for reconstruction of the desired state at the receiving station is worked out explicitly in the most general case of an arbitrary N ≥ 3. The protocol is within the reach of present technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explicitly present a scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary multiqubit state using nonmaximally entangled GHZ states as the quantum channel and generalized Bell states as the measurement basis. The scheme succeeds only probabilistically with its total success probability depending on the degree of entanglement matching between the quantum channel and the generalized Bell states. Security of the scheme is guaranteed by the fact that attacks of an outside eavesdropper or/and an inside dishonest party will inevitably introduce detectable errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]