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The designed synthesis of an S-scheme heterojunction has possessed a great potential for improving photocatalytic wastewater treatment by demonstrating increased the photoredox capacity and improved the charge separation efficiency. Here, we introduce the fabrication of a heterojunction-based photocatalyst comprising bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) and bismuth-based halide perovskite (BHP) nanosheets, derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Our composite photocatalyst is synthesized through a one-pot solvothermal strategy, where a halogenation process is applied to a bismuth-based metal-organic framework (CAU-17) as the precursor for bismuth sourcing. As a result, the rod-like structure of CAU-17 transforms into well-defined plate and nanosheet architectures after 4 and 8 h of solvothermal treatment, respectively. The modulation of the solvothermal reaction time facilitates the establishment of an S-scheme heterojunction, resulting in an increase in the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of rhodamine B (RhB) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The optimized BiOCl/BHP composite exhibits superior RhB and SMX degradation rates, achieving 99.8% degradation of RhB in 60 min and 75.1% degradation of SMX in 300 min. Also, the optimized BiOCl/BHP composite (CAU-17-st-8h sample) exhibited the highest rate constant (k = 3.48 × 10 -3 min -1 ), nearly 6 times higher than that of the bare BHP in the photocatalytic degradation process of SMX. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency can be endorsed to various factors: (i) the in-situ formation of two-components BiOCl/BHP photocatalyst, derived from CAU-17, effectively suppresses the aggregation of pristine BHP and BiOCl particles; (ii) the S-scheme heterostructure establishes a closely-knit interfacial connection, thereby facilitating efficient pathways for charge separation/transfer; and (iii) the BiOCl/BHP heterostructure enhances its capacity to absorb visible light. Our investigation establishes an effective strategy for constructing heterostructured photocatalysts, offering significant potential for application in photocatalytic wastewater treatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The emergent occurrence of sulfonamide species involving sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) in aquatic systems can cause a wide range of potential risks; hence, remediation strategies need to be necessary. Here, we develop the novel metal-organic framework-derived nanocomposite, and apply for the adsorption of SDZ and SMZ antibiotics. To assess the best-fitting kinetic (pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order) and isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, Toth, and Khan) models, a series of numerous statistical analysis was performed. Numerous error functions including squares of the errors (SSE), hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), Marquardt's percent standard deviation (MPSD), and mean relative error (MRE) were also analyzed to assess the linear and nonlinear models. The results indicated that both linear and nonlinear kinetic models were mostly fitted well with pseudo second-order models (R adj ) 2  > 0.97. Although linear kinetics gave better (R adj ) 2 , error functions (MRE, SSE, HYBRID, and MPSD) were mostly higher than those of nonlinear kinetics. For adsorption isotherm, nonlinear Redlich-Peterson was the most compatible model with extremely high adjusted coefficients of determination (R adj ) 2  ~ 1.0000. While nonlinear Langmuir model gave relatively high (R adj ) 2 (0.9898-0.9960) and acceptable error functions, we found the considerable difference of error functions and parameters among four types of linear Langmuir (Types I, II, III, IV). The findings indicate potential errors as selecting one of linearized Langmuir types in equilibrium study. It is suggested that nonlinear models should be applied for better fitness., (© 2020. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

In this study, a minimum-run resolution IV and central composite design have been developed to optimize tetracycline removal efficiency over mesoporous carbon derived from the metal-organic framework MIL-53 (Fe) as a self-sacrificial template. Firstly, minimum-run resolution IV, powered by the Design-Expert program, was used as an efficient and reliable screening study for investigating a set of seven factors, these were: tetracycline concentration (A: 5-15 mg/g), dose of mesoporous carbons (MPC) (B: 0.05-0.15 g/L), initial pH level (C: 2-10), contact time (D: 1-3 h), temperature (E: 20-40 °C), shaking speed (F: 150-250 rpm), and Na + ionic strength (G: 10-90 mM) at both low (-1) and high (+1) levels, for investigation of the data ranges. The 20-trial model was analyzed and assessed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) data, and diagnostic plots (e.g., the Pareto chart, and half-normal and normal probability plots). Based on minimum-run resolution IV, three factors, including tetracycline concentration (A), dose of MPC (B), and initial pH (C), were selected to carry out the optimization study using a central composite design. The proposed quadratic model was found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level due to a low P -value (<0.05), high R 2 (0.9078), and the AP ratio (11.4), along with an abundance of diagnostic plots (3D response surfaces, Cook's distance, Box-Cox, DFFITS, Leverage versus run, residuals versus runs, and actual versus predicted). Under response surface methodology-optimized conditions (e.g., tetracycline concentration of 1.9 mg/g, MPC dose of 0.15 g/L, and pH level of 3.9), the highest tetracycline removal efficiency via confirmation tests reached up to 98.0%-99.7%. Also, kinetic intraparticle diffusion and isotherm models were systematically studied to interpret how tetracycline molecules were absorbed on an MPC structure. In particular, the adsorption mechanisms including "electrostatic attraction" and "π-π interaction" were proposed.

[Display omitted] • Ti-MOF-808(Zr) is synthesized via a microwave-assisted solvothermal method. • Ti-MOF-808(Zr) exhibits remarkable thermal stability (>500 °C) • 4 %Ti-MOF-808(Zr) decomposes 100 % DMNP within 80 s, with a half-life of 14.95 s. • Lewis acid and medium acid influence DMNP hydrolysis efficiency. Nerve agents pose an immediate and severe threat to human health, emphasizing the critical need for catalysts that can rapidly and effectively degrade these agents. Herein, we synthesized Ti-MOF-808(Zr) materials with varying Ti/Zr molar ratio using microwave-assisted solvothermal method. Characterization techniques, including BET analysis, TEM, and TG-DTA, confirmed their outstanding properties, such as a high surface area (1756 m2/g), 100 nm particle size, cubic shape, and remarkable thermal stability exceeding 500 °C. The coexistence of Ti4+ and Zr4+ in the secondary building units or inorganic nodes significantly elevates the number of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in the bimetallic Ti-MOF-808(Zr), as determined through the TPD-NH 3 and FTIR-CD 3 CN methods. We harnessed the potential of MOF-808(Zr) and Ti-MOF-808(Zr) materials as catalysts for the swift degradation of dimethyl nitrophenyl phosphate (DMNP). Remarkably, 4 %Ti-MOF-808(Zr) could degrade DMNP with a half-life of 14.95 s, achieving a complete degradation time within 80 s. We conducted a comprehensive investigation into various factors affecting the DMNP degradation process, including the Ti/Zr molar ratio, catalyst mass, pH, and buffer solution concentration. Notably, our findings reveal that the efficiency of DMNP degradation is profoundly influenced by both the total number of Lewis acid sites and the average acid sites ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel mixed‐matrix membrane (MMM) based on covalent incorporation of poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) (PSMA) with a metal‐organic framework (MOF) UiO‐66‐NH2 was prepared and utilized for dye removal from aqueous solution. The fabrication of PSMA and UiO‐66‐NH2 was carried out by the amidation reaction between the maleic anhydride ring and amino functional group affording crosslinked MOF/PSMA membrane. The separate UiO‐66‐NH2 and PSMA solutions were mixed before cast films were produced. The MMM was prepared with final UiO‐66‐NH2 wt % content from 0 to 30 % in each membrane. The formation of MMM was confirmed with FT‐IR, PXRD, TGA, SEM, and XPS analysis. The MMM having high adsorption capacity was used for the separation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) as organic dye pollutants commonly found in wastewater. The MMM could be recycled and still maintained 75 and 52 % retention of MB and MO on the third reuse cycle, respectively. The results suggest that the MOF incorporated PSMA was an outstanding membrane for the development of filtration techniques for decontamination of water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to synthesize and evaluate the photocatalytic activity of bismuth terephthalate material (Bi-BDC) synthesized by solvothermal (ST) and microwave-assisted solvothermal (MW) methods. Differences in the crystal structure and crystal shape were assessed by analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption/desorption, Raman spectrum, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). From XRD, IR, Raman, and XPS results, the fully crystallized Bi-BDC materials were achieved regardless of the preparation router. Bi-BDC-MW exhibited spherical-like morphologies, producing between stacked lamellar, while Bi-BDC-ST method exhibited a heterogeneous structure. The TGA data indicated that Bi-BDC is thermally stable up to 300 °C, suggesting the excellent thermal stability of Bi-BDC. The surface area and pore volume of Bi-BDC-MW (18 m2/g and 85 × 10−3 cm3/g) are higher than those of Bi-BDC-ST (16 m2/g and 52 × 10−3 cm3/g), which is due to its well-defined lamellar microstructure and homogeneity of the crystals. Compared to Bi-BDC-ST, Bi-BDC-MW has a higher value in the content of oxygen vacancy. Moreover, the photocatalytic efficiency of Bi-BDC-MW was significantly higher than that of Bi-BDC-ST, in which 99.44% rhodamine B (RhB) is removed after 360 min of irradiation. The improved photocatalytic efficiency of Bi-BDC-MW is ascribed to the morphology, specific surface area, and oxygen defects, which exhibited the good separation of electrons and holes, as confirmed by the photoluminescence (PL). The results should open a new approach to enhancing the photocatalytic activity of bismuth terephthalate materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ibuprofen contamination from water sources has been increasingly alarming due to its environmentally accumulative retention; however, the strategies for ibuprofen-containing water treatment are still an enormous challenge. Herein, we described the utilization of metal-organic frameworks MIL-53(Fe) (MIL = Materials of Institute Lavoisier) for the adsorption of ibuprofen in synthetic solution. Firstly, the MIL-53(Fe) was solvothemally synthesized and then characterized using the X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The optimization of ibuprofen adsorption over MIL-53(Fe) was performed with three independent variables including ibuprofen concentration (1.6–18.4 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.16–1.84 g/L), and pH (2.6–9.4) according to the experimental design from response surface methodology. Under the optimized conditions, more than 80% of ibuprofen could be eliminated from water, indicating the promising potential of the MIL-53(Fe) material for treatment of this drug. Kinetic and isotherm models also were used to elucidate the chemisorption and monolayer behavior mechanisms of ibuprofen over MIL-53(Fe). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MIL-53 (Fe)-derived carbon was firstly applied for purification of phenolic compounds. • Up to 83% of phenol and 97% of 4-nitrophenol were removed under optimized conditions. • Uptake mechanism includes H-bonding, π–π interaction, electrostatic attraction. • Q m for phenol and 4-nitrophenol on MPC was higher than that on MIL-53 (Fe) and others. The presence of phenolic compounds in aquatic environment, derived from industrial, domestic or agricultural processes adversely affects the human and animals. This study in aimed at the new and effectiveness of an adsorbent, magnetic porous carbon (MPC), for the removal of phenolic compounds including phenol and 4-nitrophenol from aquatic environment. MPC was synthesized from the metal-organic framework MIL-53 (Fe) via the direct pyrolysis at 600 °C. The MPC structure was characterized by several physical techniques and used for the adsorption experiments. To find the best conditions for the removal of phenol and 4-nitrophenol, we empirically investigated the effects of three variables (initial concentration, dosage and pH) on the removal efficiency using the response surface methodology (RSM). Under the RSM-based optimized conditions, up to 83% phenol was removed at the concentration of 16 mg/L, dosage of 0.7, and pH of 6.6, while the figure for 4-nitrophenol was 97%, at concentration of 26.0 mg/L, dosage of 0.75 g/L, and pH of 5.6. In addition, the nonlinear adsorption kinetics and isotherms were employed to interpret the mechanism and calculate the constants of adsorption rate. The uptake results suggested that the adsorption process was controlled by the chemisorption and the monolayer adsorption. The MPC exhibited the remarkable maximum adsorption capacities, which is 4 times (for phenol) and 5 times (for 4-nitrophenol) higher than those exhibited by origin MIL-53 (Fe). Plausible adsorption mechanisms were explained through dipole-dipole H-bonding, π–π interaction and electrostatic attraction. Because of high capacity, effortless performance and good reusability, the MIL-53 (Fe) derived porous carbon can be a promising material for phenolic species remediation in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bimetallic metal–organic framework material, which was generated by bridging iron (III) cations and nickel (II) cations with 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic anions (Fe2Ni-BDC), was synthesized by a solvothermal approach using nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate and iron (III) chloride hexahydrate as the mixed metal source and 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2BDC) as the organic ligand source. The structure of samples was determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and nitrogen physisorption measurements. The catalytic activity and recyclability of the Fe2Ni-BDC catalyst for the Michael addition amidation reaction of 2-aminopyridine and nitroolefins were estimated. The results illustrated that the Fe2Ni-BDC catalyst demonstrated good efficiency in the reaction under optimal conditions. Based on these results, a reaction mechanism was proposed. When the molar ratio of 2-aminopyridine and trans-β-nitrostyrene was 1:1, and the solvent was dichloromethane, the isolated yield of pyridyl benzamide reached 82%; at 80 °C over 24 h. The catalyst can be reused without a substantial reduction in catalytic activity with 77% yield after six times of reuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Effect of thermolysis temperature on characteristics and absorbability towards anti-inflammatory drugs was conducted. • Kinetic, isotherm, and recyclability experiments were systematically studied. • Adsorption mechanisms including H-bond, π–π interaction, metal–oxygen bridging, and electrostatic attraction were rigorously proposed. • Outstanding adsorption capacity (∼144 mg/g), and excellent reusability were monitored with Fe-MIL-88B-derived mesoporous carbon. Discharge of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from wastewater has been increasingly alarmed, led to the advent of the treatment techniques. Among these methods, adsorption is regarded as a tunable and green approach with the utilization of mesoporous carbon (MC) as an efficient and recyclable adsorbent. Herein, we described the strategy for the synthesis of novel MC from Fe-MIL-88B as a self-sacrificial template. Three thermolysis temperatures (550, 750, and 950 °C) were investigated to compare the structural characteristics and absorbability towards selected NSAIDs compounds including diclofenac sodium (DCF), aspirin (APR), and ibuprofen (IBU). Effect of contact time (0–480 min), concentration (10–40 mg/L), pH (2–10), and MC dosage (0.1–0.5 g/L) was systematically studied. Kinetic and isotherm models were also used to find out the adsorption mechanism and behavior of NSAIDs pharmaceutical over MC materials. Proposed mechanism and recyclability test were rigorously studied to gain more insight into how the NSAIDs molecules adsorb on the MC materials and their potential towards drug treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is commonly employed in veterinary clinics, but illegal and uncontrollable consumption can result in its potential contamination in environmental soil, and aquatic matrix, and thereby, regenerating microbial resistance, and antibiotic-resistant genes. Adsorption by efficient, and recyclable adsorbents such as mesoporous carbons (MPCs) is commonly regarded as a "green and sustainable" approach. Herein, the MPCs were facilely synthesized via the pyrolysis of the metal–organic framework Fe3O(BDC)3 with calcination temperatures (x °C) between 600 and 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. The characterization results pointed out mesoporous carbon matrix (MPC700) coating zero-valent iron particles with high surface area (~225 m2/g). Also, significant investigations including fabrication condition, CAP concentration, effect of pH, dosage, and ionic strength on the absorptive removal of CAP were systematically studied. The optimal conditions consisted of pH = 6, concentration 10 mg/L and dose 0.5 g/L for the highest chloramphenicol removal efficiency at nearly 100% after 4 h. Furthermore, the nonlinear kinetic and isotherm adsorption studies revealed the monolayer adsorption behavior of CAP onto MPC700 and Fe3O(BDC)3 materials via chemisorption, while the thermodynamic studies implied that the adsorption of CAP was a spontaneous process. Finally, adsorption mechanism including H-bonding, electrostatic attraction, π–π interaction, and metal–bridging interaction was proposed to elucidate how chloramphenicol molecules were adsorbed on the surface of materials. With excellent maximum adsorption capacity (96.3 mg/g), high stability, and good recyclability (4 cycles), the MPC700 nanocomposite could be utilized as a promising alternative for decontamination of chloramphenicol antibiotic from wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed Ni/Fe-base metal-organic framework (Ni/Fe-MOF) with different molar ratios of Ni2+/Fe3+ have been successfully produced using an appropriate solvothermal router. Physicochemical properties of all samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS), and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The photocatalytic degradation performances of the photocatalysts were evaluated in the decomposition of rhodamine B (RhB) under a compact fluorescent daylight lamp. From XRD, IR, XPS, and Raman results, with the presence of mixed ion Fe3+ and Ni2+, MIL-88B (MIL standing for Materials of Institut Lavoisier) crystals based on the mixed metal Fe2NiO cluster were formed, while MIL-53(Fe) was formed with the presence of single ion Fe3+. From UV-Vis DRS results, Ni/Fe-MOF samples exhibited the absorption spectrum up to the visible region, and then they showed the high photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. A Ni/Fe-MOF sample with a Ni2+/Fe3+ molar ratio of 0.3 showed the highest photocatalytic degradation capacity of RhB, superior to that of the MIL-53(Fe) sample. The obtained result could be explained as a consequence of the large surface area with large pore volumes and pore size by the Ni2+ incorporating into the MOF's structure. In addition, a mixed metal Fe/Ni-based framework consisted of mixed-metal cluster Fe2NiO with an electron transfer effect and may enhance the photocatalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Bismuth based MOFs were synthesized by the microwave-assisted solvothermal method. • Bi-TATB showed a high specific surface area. • Bi-TATB showed excellent photocatalytic activity (k = 32.1 × 10−3 min−1). • The mechanism of RhB photodegradation process over Bi-MOF was investigated. • Bi-TATB showed excellent photocatalytic O 2 evolution. In this study, we studied the effect of starting ligands such as 1,4-benzenetdicarboxylic (H 2 BDC), 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic (H 3 BTC), and 4,4′,4″-s-triazine-2,4,6-triyl-tribenzoic (H 3 TATB) acids on the photocatalytic activity of three bismuth-based MOFs (Bi-MOF) obtained via a microwave-assisted solvothermal process. Different shapes and sizes of ligands displayed different structure properties from the corresponding Bi-MOF. Specifically, Bi-MOF composed of Bi3+ and H 3 TATB (Bi-TATB) exhibits the largest specific surface area of 355 m2/g, highest surface-oxygen vacancy amount, a more vigorous light absorption intensity with a broader range of visible light absorption and red-shifted absorption edge than that of Bi-MOF composed of Bi3+ and H 2 BDC (Bi-BDC) and Bi-MOF composed of Bi3+ and H 3 BTC (Bi-BTC), suggesting the extension in the photocatalytic activity for Bi-TATB. The reason is attributed to the difference in their structural features. Compared with H 2 BDC and H 3 BTC ligands in Bi-BDC and Bi-BTC, H 3 TATB ligands in the structure of Bi-TATB contained more delocalized π electrons. This outcome may facilitate the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) and decrease the electronic bandgap of the Bi-TATB, thus contributing to the enhanced photocatalytic rate. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of Bi-TATB was further confirmed by the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under LED light irradiation, which is 99.1% of RhB removal after 180 min of light irradiation. The as-synthesized Bi-TATB showed promising photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic dye with an excellent recyclable catalytic efficiency. With the above understanding, Bi-MOF was finally used for the photocatalytic O 2 evolution from water under LED light irradiation. The Bi-TATB had a maximum photocatalytic O 2 evolution rate of 691 μmol h−1. To the best of the author's knowledge, there has been no research on both the photocatalytic degradation of organic model dye pollutants and photocatalytic O 2 evolution studies using Bi-MOFs with different organic linkers. The results should open an alternative approach of ligand selection that could increase the applicability of Bi-MOF in the field of catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron metal-framework MIL−88B(Fe) (chemical formula: Fe 3 O [C 6 H 4 (CO 2) 2 ] 3 OH.nH 2 O) has received much attention as a promising catalyst for the degradation of organic dyes. Unfortunately, some MOFs suffer from a deficiency of stability; thus, limiting their range of applications. To handle this problem, we attempted to replace Fe3+ ions with other metal ions at different ratios to improve the photocatalytic performance. Briefly, M/Fe−MOFs (M = Ni, Mg and Sn) with remarkably different properties were obtained using the microwave-assisted solvothermal method. The morphology of the synthesized bimetallic metal-organic frameworks was characterized by SEM and TEM; while their physical and chemical properties were defined by XRD, FT−IR, Raman, XPS, UV–vis DRS, and BET. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared materials was explored through the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes (rhodamine B (RhB), crystal violet (CV), methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB)) under irradiation of visible light was explored. The result showed that 10%Ni/Fe-MOF sample achieved above 96 % of RhB removal after 120 min of irradiation. The effects of pH solution, catalyst dosage and RhB concentration on RhB decomposition efficiency were carefully investigated. Furthermore, the present study has proposed a mechanism of RhB dye degradation reaction by bimetallic MOFs catalysts. Additionally, the free radical scavenging experiment has found that OH• and h+ radicals took the main responsibility for RhB decomposition. The stability and reliability of 10%Ni/Fe-MOF were also evaluated via the leaching and reusability tests. Interestingly, the photocatalyst performance experienced a negligible reduction after five consecutive usages. The results are expected to broaden the knowledge of bimetallic MOF synthesis and its applications. [Display omitted] • Bimetallic M/Fe−MOFs (M = Ni, Mg and Sn) were synthesized microwave-assisted solvothermal method • 10%Ni/Fe-MOF achieved above 96 % of rhodamine B (RhB) removal after irradiation for 120 min • A mechanism of RhB dye degradation reaction by bimetallic MOFs catalysts has been proposed • The photocatalyst performance experienced negligible reduction after five consecutive usages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Bimetallic Al/Fe Metal-Organic Framework (Al/Fe-MOF) was synthesized by the microwave-assistant method. • Al/Fe-MOF showed excellent photocatalytic activity with the rate constant of 2.8 × 10−2 min−1. • Al/Fe-MOF showed high stability after three cycles. • The reaction mechanism of rhodamine B photodegradation process over Al/Fe-MOF also investigated. MIL–88B(Fe) (MIL: Materials Institute Lavoisier) and bimetallic Al/Fe Metal-Organic Framework (Al/Fe-MOF) were synthesized by the microwave-assistant method. The as-synthesized samples were used as an effective catalyst for photo-Fenton degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The Al/Fe-MOF catalyst caused to degrade more than 96% of RhB in up to 120 min with the rate of reaction reached 2.8 × 10−2 min−1, while the rate achieved using MIL–88B(Fe) reached 1.2 × 10−2 min−1. Besides, the reaction mechanism of RhB photo-Fenton degradation process over Al/Fe-MOF also investigated. These results indicate that Al/Fe-MOF has been considered as a potential catalyst for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) present as ideal platforms towards synthesizing metals/metal oxides self-supported in porous carbon matrix. Herein, we described an effective strategy to transform manganese-based MOFs, namely Mn 2 (BDC) 2 (DMF) 2 , into MnO@C porous nanocomposite via a facile and one-pot pyrolysis procedure. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) results indicated the transformation of coordination bonds into ionic bonds of Mn(II)–O. The morphological profiles also elucidated the MnO nanoparticles embedded carbonaceous structure while other physicochemical techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated the important chemical bonds (e.g. C C in aromatic rings, C O in phenolic/alcoholic groups, C O in carbonyl groups, and O C O in carboxyl groups, etc.) on MnO@C surface. Uptake application of MnO@C for a wide range of antibiotic contaminants involving tetracycline (TCC), ciprofloxacin (CFX), diclofenac (DCF) and chloramphenicol (CAP) in aqueous phases was notably reported. Through the nonlinearization of kinetic and isotherm models, validation for maximum adsorption capacities could be attainable, at 79.9 mg/g (CAP) < 92.4 mg/g (DCF) < 170.3 mg/g (TCC) < 235.6 mg/g (CFX), indicating the great potential of MnO@C nanocomposite for removing many kinds of emergent antibiotics from the wastewater. Unlabelled Image • Novel MnO@C nanocomposite was directly fabricated from Mn 2 (BDC) 2 (DMF) 2. • Conversion of coordinated Mn(II)-O into ionic bond was confirmed. • Kinetic and isothermal models were vigorously employed via nonlinearization. • Error functions (R2, χ2, MPSD and HYDRID) were used for adsorption models. • MnO@C can adsorb for a wide range of antibiotics with capacities obtained from 79.9 to 235.6 mg/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]