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Virtually all youth in detention have been exposed at least one traumatic event in their family system or in the community, and a vast majority have experienced cumulative traumatic events that led to major dysregulated states. Building on several seminal works on trauma-informed juvenile justice programs and on implementation research, this theoretical research-based paper aims to describe the preparation stage for implementation of the Attachment, Self-Regulation, and Competency framework (ARC) to a population of youth in detention. The ARC framework is well-suited to meet the complex needs of young offenders by focusing on building blocks that promote resiliency, including caregiver affect management and attunement, affect identification and modulation, and executive functions and self-identity. Based on this extensive preparation stage and a case illustration, recommendations and best practice protocols for making a shift towards a trauma-informed youth justice system are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding disability remains a challenge. Although the international community has largely embraced the idea that disability is the product of social and environmental practices, society still lacks good conceptual frameworks. In an era when the rights of persons with disabilities have been enshrined in international and national laws, such frameworks have become a necessity. Within the province of Quebec, Canada, the Disability Creation Process (DCP) model has served such a role. Furthermore, recent efforts to enrich the model enhance the applicability of this powerful tool to a broader range of contexts. As a result, the DCP model could be used more widely than it is today. In this paper we provide the foundations of the approach encapsulated by the model and explain how its usage guides policy development and service delivery within the province of Quebec. We also highlight its forward-looking capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each of the antiretroviral drugs that are currently used to stop the progression of HIV infection causes its own specific side effects. Despite the expansion, multiplication, and simplification of treatment options over the past decade, side effects continue to affect people living with HIV. Yet, we see a clear disconnect between the way side effects are normalized, routinized, and framed in clinical practice and the way they are experienced by people living with HIV. This paper builds on the premise that new approaches are needed to understand side effects in a manner that is more reflective of the subjective accounts of people living with HIV. Drawing on the work of Deleuze and Guattari, it offers an original application of the theory of 'assemblage'. This theory offers a new way of theorizing side effects, and ultimately the relationship between the body and antiretroviral drugs (as technologies). Combining theory with examples derived from empirical data, we examine the multiple ways in which the body connects not only to the drugs but also to people, things, and systems. Our objective is to illustrate how this theory dares us to think differently about side effects and allows us to originally (re)think the experience of taking antiretroviral drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preventive healthcare (PH) programs and services aim at reducing the likelihood and severity of potentially life-threatening illness by early detection and prevention. The effectiveness of these programs depends on the participation level and the accessibility of the users to the facilities providing the services. Factors that impact the accessibility include the number, type, and location of the facilities as well as the assignment of the clients to these facilities. In this paper, we study the impact of system-optimal (i.e., directed) choice on the design of the preventive healthcare facility network under congestion. We present a model that simultaneously determines the location and the size of the facilities as well as the allocation of clients to these facilities so as to minimize the weighted sum of the total travel time and the congestion associated with waiting and service delay at the facilities. The problem is set up as a network of spatially distributed M/G/1 queues and formulated as a nonlinear mixed integer program. Using simple transformation of the nonlinear objective function and piecewise linear approximation, we reformulate the problem as a linear model. We present a cutting plane algorithm based exact (휖-optimal) solution approach. We analyze the tradeoff between travel time and queuing time and its impact on the location and capacity of the facilities as well as the allocation of clients to these facilities under a directed choice policy. We present a case study that deals with locating mammography clinics in Montreal, Canada. The results show that incorporating congestion in the PH facility network design substantially reduces the total time spent by clients. The proposed model allows policy makers to direct clients to facilities in an equitable manner resulting in better accessibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much improvement is needed to facilitate patient involvement in medical decision-making related to life-prolonging care. Prior research focuses mainly on the communication in the physician-patient dyad; few studies have identified how other professionals are involved. Using a Research Action design, two rounds of interviews with four interprofessional groups from various clinical settings of a health center in Quebec, Canada were conducted between 2009 and 2010. The 37 participants represented nine professions (nurse, dietitian, occupational therapist, orderly, pastoral worker, physician, physiotherapist, respiratory therapist and social worker). The first round of interviews confirmed that all of these professionals are involved, in various ways, in communicating with patients regarding their goals of care. Based on these results, the research group developed two communications tools (paper forms) to facilitate the documentation of patient care goals. The first form includes a designated area where all professionals can note patients’ comments regarding decisions related to life-prolonging care. The second is a prescription form to document in the medical file the patient’s goals of care. Both tools were submitted to, and fine-tuned by, the professionals in the second round of interviews. These results confirm that interprofessional collaboration to facilitate patient participation in goals-of-care decisions is both possible and valued. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Hydrological Sciences Journal/Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The implementation of integrated care models requires significant efforts, especially due to institutional and organisational inertial forces that characterize health and social care systems of developed countries. It is therefore crucial to deploy strategies that promote continuous adjustment to these barriers so as to improve the benefits of integrating care. Measuring the implementation and effects of integrated care models are key component of these strategies. However, measuring integrated care also faces major challenges. This study aims to identify and characterise integrated care measurement challenges. Methods: A review of reviews on the measurement of integrated care identified 12 papers. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify and categorize measurement challenges. Document analysis was done on the measurement of an integrated care model for older adults in Québec. Results: Eight categories of measurement challenges were identified. These challenges include difficulties in measuring structures, processes, and effects of models; conceptual ambiguity and heterogeneity of organisational forms; involving multiple actors in the measurement strategy; and including multiple data sources, amongst others. These challenges revealed and explained potential gaps in the measurement of integrated care for older adults in Québec. For instance, the Québec measurement strategy did not include effects indicators. Conclusion: Although the measurement of integrated care is a complex endeavour, there is a need for adequate measurement strategies that allow to appreciate important elements of integrate care. The findings of this study could be used as a reflexive tool in advancing research and practice of measuring integrated care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Private car ownership plays a vital role in the daily travel decisions of individuals and households. The topic is of great interest to policy makers given the growing focus on global climate change, public health, and sustainable development issues. Not surprisingly, it is one of the most researched transportation topics. The extant literature on car ownership models considers the influence of exogenous variables to remain the same across the entire population. However, it is possible that the influence of exogenous variable effects might vary across the population. To accommodate this potential population heterogeneity in the context of car ownership, the current paper proposes the application of latent class versions of ordered (ordered logit) and unordered response (multinomial logit) models. The models are estimated using the data from Quebec City, Canada. The latent class models offer superior data fit compared to their traditional counterparts while clearly highlighting the presence of segmentation in the population. The validation exercise using the model estimation results further illustrates the strength of these models for examining car ownership decisions. Moreover, the latent class unordered response models perform slightly better than the latent class ordered response models for the metropolitan region examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present the content validation, including a pilot test, of the Home Assessment of the Person-Environment Interaction (HoPE). The HoPE fills a gap for evaluating issues related to home adaptation. Using qualitative methods, a two-phase study was conducted: an expert consultation and a pilot test. The expert consultation was conducted via focus groups with occupational therapists ( n = 20), and individual interviews with adults who had undergone home adaptation ( n = 5). The pilot test was undertaken using a multiple case study design of four adults awaiting home adaptation. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using NUD.IST software. In phase 1, experts agreed with the content of HoPE and suggested minor changes. In phase 2, HoPE enabled occupational therapists to identify handicap-creating situations. After both phases, the final version of HoPE is more comprehensive than other current tools and addresses the complex experiences of clients with whom occupational therapists work which suggests a new approach for practice regarding home adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death in Canada. Early cancer diagnosis could improve patients' prognosis and quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing elapsed time between the first help-seeking trigger and cancer diagnosis with respect to the three most common and deadliest cancer types: lung, breast, and colorectal.Methods: This paper presents the qualitative component of a larger project based on a sequential explanatory design. Twenty-two patients diagnosed were interviewed, between 2011 to 2013, in oncology clinics of four hospitals in the two most populous regions in Quebec (Canada). Transcripts were analyzed using the Model of Pathways to Treatment.Results: Pre-diagnosis elapsed time and phases are difficult to appraise precisely and vary according to cancer sites and symptoms specificity. This observation makes the Model of Pathways to Treatment challenging to use to analyze patients' experiences. Analyses identified factors contributing to elapsed time that are linked to type of cancer, to patients, and to health system organization.Conclusions: This research allowed us to identify avenues for reducing the intervals between first symptoms and cancer diagnosis. The existence of inequities in access to diagnostic services, even in a universal healthcare system, was highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decades of research have shown that social dominance orientation (SDO) is one of the most important predictors of anti‐immigrant attitudes. However, the mechanisms through which SDO can explain prejudice have been studied insufficiently. Using rich and diverse samples from France and from the province of Québec in Canada, the present research provides a cross‐national (N = 1,852) and prospective (N = 534) analysis of a theoretical model in which the dimensions of SDO are indirectly predicting anti‐immigrant prejudice via the intergroup ideologies of assimilation, multiculturalism, colour blindness and interculturalism. Results showed that interculturalism, a hierarchy‐attenuating ideology was found to be a robust mechanism to explain the subtle effects of SDO‐E on anti‐immigrant prejudice whereas assimilation, a hierarchy‐enhancing ideology was playing a more important role to explain direct and blatant effects of SDO‐D on prejudice. The two most studied diversity approaches, multiculturalism and colour blindness, were largely redundant once interculturalism was considered. This pattern occurred in both France and Québec hence, favouring the context‐independent pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous literature on transportation and land use has focused on the effect of individual land-use variables, such as population and employment density, and on measures of transportation demand, such as vehicle kilometers traveled and mode split. In contrast, our work uses activity spaces, a relatively unexplored measure of travel dispersal, as a dependent variable and neighborhood clusters to capture the effect of land use on this variable. This paper is an extension of previous research that dealt with Montreal exclusively and similar methods are used to compare three cities (Montreal, Quebec City, and Sherbrooke) over multiple years (1998-2008). We control and tests for the possibility of residential location self-selection bias through simultaneous equation modeling. The main findings are that (i) activity spaces are clearly linked to land use (through neighborhood clusters), as well as to overall city size; (ii) activity spaces appear to be growing over time where employment centers are fixed; and (iii) exogeneity in explanatory variables cannot be rejected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: By predicting the dispersal of particulate aquaculture wastes around farm sites, numerical modelling can provide an effective tool to assess the spatial extent of environmental effects. The present paper describes how the aquaculture waste model DEPOMOD (Cromey, C.J., Nickell, T.D., Black, K.D. 2002a. DEPOMOD — modelling the deposition and biological effects of waste solids from marine cage farms. Aquaculture 214, 211–239.), originally developed for finfish aquaculture sites, was adapted and validated for suspended shellfish aquaculture. Field data were collected for species-specific model input parameters (mussel biodeposition rates and particle settling velocities) and several finfish model parameters (farm representation and calculation of aquaculture wastes) were adjusted for the shellfish scenario. Shellfish-DEPOMOD was tested at three coastal mussel Mytilus edulis farms with differing hydrodynamic regimes in Quebec, Canada. For each site, model predictions were compared to observed deposition measured in situ with sediment traps. Sedimentation rates under the three mussel culture sites were ca. two to five times those observed at corresponding reference sites. Mussel biodeposits were predicted to accumulate within 30 m of the farms in the shallow depositional sites while being dispersed more than 90 m in the deeper dispersive site. At the farm site in Great-Entry Lagoon, model predictions agreed well with field data for the 0+ and 1+ mussel cohorts when the maximum biodeposit production parameter was used. At the farm site in House-Harbour Lagoon, model predictions did not agree with observed sedimentation rates, due most likely to the resuspension and advection of non farm-derived material and complex hydrodynamics. The model correctly predicted the pattern of waste dispersal at the third farm site in Cascapedia Bay, although it underestimated biodeposition. Predicted fluxes may have been underestimated at this site because biodeposits from biofouling communities were not included in the calculation of aquaculture wastes. The relationship between modelled long-term biodeposition and benthic descriptors was assessed for the three farms. Alterations to the benthic community were observed at high biodeposition rates (>15 g m−2 d−1). At the most disturbed site, predicted fluxes were best correlated with the Infaunal Trophic Index (ITI) (R =−0.79, P <0.001), followed by AZTI''s marine disturbance index (AMBI) (R =0.64, P <0.001). The potential application of Shellfish-DEPOMOD in terms of the management of shellfish aquaculture sites is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Accessibility measures are important tools in planning. However, if the data are not available to adequately capture the mobility and accessibility challenges of disadvantaged populations, than the results of the model provide little to no direction for policy makers. This paper explores data collection techniques that have the potential to address the “why” underlining the activity behavior, especially linking personal safety perceptions to activities. The first study comes from a series of focus groups with low-income women in Quebec City, Canada. Self-mapping of individual spaces creates a framework to address spatial and temporal challenges that negatively impact transit dependent populations. The second study focuses on the activity patterns of low-income immigrant youth in Providence, RI. A technique is presented to elicit formatted responses concerning perceptions of personal safety. With the help of GIS, this technique has the potential to link together activities and perceptions of safety for activity modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to examine, through the lens of the Job Demands‐Resources model, the influence of caring for COVID‐19 patients on nurse's perception of chronic fatigue, quality of care, satisfaction at work and intention to leave their organisation and the profession. Background: Studies have examined how fear of COVID‐19 contributes to the mental, physical and work adjustment among nurses. To date, few studies have been conducted examining how caring for patients with COVID‐19 contributes to work outcomes among nurses. Methods: This is a cross‐sectional survey involving 1705 frontline nurses and licensed practical nurses in Quebec, Canada. From these, 782 reported caring for COVID‐19 patients. Results: High chronic fatigue, poor quality of care, lower work satisfaction and higher intention to leave their organisation were found for nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients. Poorly prepared and overwhelmed nurses showed higher turnover intention than those well prepared and in control. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to provide support to nurses during the pandemic, with a long‐term strategy to increase their retention. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse administrators play an important role in supporting their nurses during a pandemic in the form of education, training and policy development to positively impact quality of care and retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inverse probability of censoring weights (IPCWs) may reduce selection bias due to informative censoring in longitudinal studies. However, in studies with an active comparator, the associations between predictors and censoring may differ across treatment groups. We used the clinical example of anticoagulation treatment with warfarin or a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in atrial fibrillation to illustrate this. The cohort of individuals initiating an oral anticoagulant during 2010–2016 was identified from the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec (RAMQ) databases. The parameter of interest was the hazard ratio (HR) of the composite of stroke, major bleeding, myocardial infarction, or death associated with continuous use of warfarin versus DOACs. Two strategies for the specification of the model for estimation of censoring weights were explored: exposure-unstratified and exposure-stratified. The HR associated with continuous treatment with warfarin versus DOACs adjusted with exposure-stratified IPCWs was 1.26 (95% confidence interval: 1.20, 1.33). Using exposure-unstratified IPCWs, the HR differed by 15% in favor of DOACs (1.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.34, 1.48). Not accounting for the different associations between the predictors and informative censoring across exposure groups may lead to misspecification of censoring weights and biased estimate on comparative effectiveness and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which examined the daily dynamics of pedestrian movement within an indoor walkway system. System stability of pedestrian movement; Theoretical model for pedestrian systems; Analysis of an underground system in Montreal, Quebec; Discussion on the results; Conclusions and recommendations.

Most quantitative, comparative welfare state research assumes that subnational welfare regimes are irrelevant or identical to their national counterparts. Many qualitative case studies, on the other hand, have underlined the differences between subnational and national regimes. In this article, we attempt to build bridges between these two strands of literature by examining the case for a Quebec model, that is, a subnational welfare state regime that is distinct from its Canadian counterpart(s). We reviewed seven publications from which we extracted 188 quantitative results relevant to the distinct subnational regime hypothesis. Although not all these results are independent nor based on conclusive evidence, they generally agree that a distinct welfare regime exists in Quebec. We conclude this article by discussing the implications of the Quebec case for the study of welfare regimes at the subnational and regional levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Workplace interventions are recommended for workers with common mental disorders, but knowledge of their action mechanisms and operationalization remains limited. The Therapeutic Return-to-Work Program, developed for workers with musculoskeletal disorders, is recommended for common mental disorders. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to adapt this program's logic models to common mental disorders. METHODS: A program logic analysis was conducted using a literature review and a two-phase group consensus method. We submitted a preliminary adapted version of the program's logic models and two questionnaires to health professional experts who participated in two group sessions, ultimately to produce the final version of the models. RESULTS: We consulted 86 publications. The health professional experts (N = 7) had overall mean agreement scores of respectively 4.10/5 and 3.89/5 for questions on the program's theoretical and operational models. The final version of the logic models adapted for common mental disorders included four specific and 15 intermediate objectives, three main components, one optional component, four key processes, and 44 tasks. CONCLUSION: The adapted logic models for the Therapeutic Return-to-Work Program show the relevance of the original objectives and components for common mental disorders. The next step will involve evaluating its feasibility with other stakeholders (insurers, employers, unions, workers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the development of psychopathy is not well understood, prior studies suggest that psychopathic traits begin to develop in childhood. Whereas research suggests consistency in the structure and correlates of psychopathic traits as assessed with clinical measures of psychopathic traits in adolescence and in adulthood, there is less agreement about the nature of psychopathic traits earlier in childhood. This study was designed to enhance understanding of the nature of psychopathic traits in youth by: 1) examining the fit of one, two, three, and four factor models of psychopathic traits during middle childhood, and 2) examining the stability of the factor structure of psychopathic traits over time through invariance testing. The participants were youth in the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD) whose teachers provided ratings on 17 items associated with four validated dimensions of psychopathy at six (N = 605), seven (N = 747) and eight years of age (N = 686). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a hierarchical three-factor model of psychopathic traits, consisting of interpersonal, affective, and lifestyle/ antisocial components provided the best fit to the data at all three ages. Analyses also demonstrated strong invariance across these ages. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the internal structure for a syndrome of psychopathic traits in middle childhood is somewhat similar but slightly less differentiated than the factor structure identified during adolescence. Current findings also suggest that this internal structure is stable over a three-year period during middle childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To establish the acceptability and feasibility of implementing a shared decision-making (SDM) model in work rehabilitation. Methods We used a sequential mixed-methods design with diverse stakeholder groups (representatives of private and public employers, insurers, and unions, as well as workers having participated in a work rehabilitation program). First, a survey using a self-administered questionnaire enabled stakeholders to rate their level of agreement with the model's acceptability and feasibility and propose modifications, if necessary. Second, eight focus groups representing key stakeholders (n = 34) and four one-on-one interviews with workers were conducted, based on the questionnaire results. For each stakeholder group, we computed the percentage of agreement with the model's acceptability and feasibility and performed thematic analyses of the transcripts. Results Less than 50% of each stakeholder group initially agreed with the overall acceptability and feasibility of the model. Stakeholders proposed 37 modifications to the objectives, 17 to the activities, and 39 to improve the model's feasibility. Based on in-depth analysis of the transcripts, indicators were added to one objective, an interview guide was added as proposed by insurers to ensure compliance of the SDM process with insurance contract requirements, and one objective was reformulated. Conclusion Despite initially low agreement with the model's acceptability on the survey, subsequent discussions led to three minor changes and contributed to the model's ultimate acceptability and feasibility. Later steps will involve assessing the extent of implementation of the model in real rehabilitation settings to see if other modifications are necessary before assessing its impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents highlights of the Third Inter-American Drying Conference in Montreal, Quebec, from August 21-23, 2005. The event offered opportunity to discover developments in the field of drying with contributions in the various drying areas associated with food, pharmaceuticals, forage, paper, chemicals, and fabrics. There was also much discussion on the different strategies to mathematical modeling of the processes involved as well as design.

Background: Exposure to peer victimization is relatively common. However, little is known about its developmental course and its effect on impairment associated with mental illnesses. We aimed to identify groups of children following differential trajectories of peer victimization from ages 6 to 13 years and to examine predictive associations of these trajectories with mental health in adolescence.Methods: Participants were members of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, a prospective cohort of 2120 children born in 1997/98 who were followed until age 15 years. We included 1363 participants with self-reported victimization from ages 6 to 13 years and data available on their mental health status at 15 years.Results: We identified 3 trajectories of peer victimization. The 2 prevailing groups were participants with little or moderate exposure to victimization (441/1685 [26.2%] and 1000/1685 [59.3%], respectively); the third group (244 [14.5%]) had been chronically exposed to the most severe and long-lasting levels of victimization. The most severely victimized individuals had greater odds of reporting debilitating depressive or dysthymic symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 2.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-5.17), debilitating generalized anxiety problems (OR 3.27, CI 1.64-6.51) and suicidality (OR 3.46, CI 1.53-7.81) at 15 years than those exposed to the lowest levels of victimization, after adjustment for sex, childhood mental health, family hardship and victimization perpetration. The association with suicidality remained significant after controlling for concurrent symptoms of depression or dysthymia and generalized anxiety problems.Interpretation: Adolescents who were most severely victimized by peers had an increased risk of experiencing severe symptoms consistent with mental health problems. Given that peer victimization trajectories are established early on, interventions to reduce the risk of being victimized should start before enrolment in the formal school system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND:This study investigates the determinants of longworking hours from the perspectives of the demand-control model [Karasek, 1979] and social exchange theory [Blau, 1964; Goulder, 1960]. OBJECTIVE: These two theoretical perspectives are tested to understand why individuals work longer (or shorter) hours. METHODS: The hypotheses are tested with a representative sample of 1,604 employed Canadians. RESULTS: In line with Karasek s model, the results support that high job demands are positively associated with longerwork hours. The social exchange perspective would predict a positive association between skill discretion and work hours. This hypothesis was supported for individuals with a higher education degree. Finally, the results support a positive association between active jobs and longer work hours. CONCLUSIONS: Our research suggests that job demands and social exchange dynamics need to be considered together in the explanation of longer (or shorter) work hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sought to verify if a history of maltreatment may predict the psychosocial profile of children who participated in an intervention program aiming at reducing sexual behavior problems. Data were collected at both the beginning and the end of the intervention program using a clinical protocol and standardized tests selected on the basis of the intervention targets. In general, the results indicate that children who had experienced maltreatment display a psychosocial profile that is similar to that of children who had not experienced maltreatment. However, children who had experienced psychological abuse or neglect may display greater externalized or sexualized behaviors, whereas children who have a parent who had been a victim of sexual abuse may display fewer sexualized behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal is the property of Pappin Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explored the needs of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) from an ecosystemic viewpoint as part of a theory-driven program evaluation process. A multiple case study needs assessment was conducted. Participants included ten children with DCD, their parents ( n = 12), teachers ( n = 9), and service providers ( n = 6). Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, validated questionnaires, and a review of the children's records. The results support the relevance of using an ecosystemic model to assess the needs of children with DCD in their life and social contexts. More specifically, the results highlight the need to provide additional services at school, such as occupational therapy and special education, as well as information and training regarding DCD for parents and teachers. The results also point to the relevant variables to consider in an intervention program based on theory-driven evaluations. This study shows how employing an ecosystemic frame of reference provides a better understanding of the needs of children with DCD. Future research should document the ecosystemic profiles and evolution of the needs of children with DCD with a larger sample from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds using a longitudinal study design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We extend the usual logistic model between a dichotomous phenotype and an allele count in two ways: a polytomous phenotype with K > 2 levels, and modeling of allele counts at two unlinked marker loci. Inference is based on within-family information to guard against potential bias due to population genetic structure. Score tests of the model coefficients taking into account the correlation between relatives in entire pedigrees are derived as an extension of the Generalized Disequilibrium Test (GDT). Simulations confirm that the tests have the expected statistical properties, and that their power exceeds that of the GDT under a favorable scenario. The score tests are illustrated with candidate genetic markers, a major psychosis phenotype and a cognitive endophenotype in large kindreds from Eastern Quebec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To respond better to population needs, in recent years Quebec has invested in improving the integration of services and care pathways. Nurses are on the front lines of these transformation processes, which require them to adopt new clinical practices. This updating of practices can be a source of both satisfaction and stress. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the transformation processes underlying services integration and nurses’ workplace well-being. Method: This study was based on a descriptive cross-sectional correlational design. The target population included all nurses working in four care pathways in a Quebec healthcare establishment: palliative oncology services, mental health services, autonomy support for the elderly, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In all, 107 nurses took part in the study and completed a questionnaire sent to them. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between level of integration, measured using the Development Model for Integrated Care; nurses’ perceptions of organizational change, measured on four dimensions (challenge, responsibility, threat, control); and nurses’ workplace well-being, measured on three dimensions (negative stress, positive stress, satisfaction), as defined by the Flexihealth model. Results: Nurses in the palliative oncology care pathway, which was at a more advanced level of integration, presented a lower negative stress level and a higher positive stress level than did nurses in other care pathways. Their mean satisfaction score was also higher. More advanced integration was associated with nurses’ feeling less threatened, as well as improved workplace well-being. The perception of threat appeared to be a significant mediating variable in the relationship between level of integration and well-being. Conclusion: The association observed between level of services integration and workplace well-being contributes to a better understanding of nurses’ experiences in such situations. These results provide new perspectives on interventions that could be implemented to remedy the potential negative consequences of these types of transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The Triple Match Principle offers insight into the interactive interplay between job demands and job resources in the prediction of work-related strain. The aim of this article was to examine the interplay among job demands, job resources and strain in the nursing profession (the Triple Match Principle) and to gain insight into potential generational differences by investigating generation as a moderator of that interplay. Background No research has been done to evaluate generational differences in the Triple Match Principle. In a context of nursing shortages, it seems important to examine the relevance of the Triple Match Principle with respect to different generations of nurses. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 1254 public healthcare sector nurses in Quebec, Canada, completed a questionnaire in the autumn of 2010. The questionnaire was used to assess cognitive, emotional and physical job demands and resources; psychological distress; psychosomatic complaints; and turnover intention. Results The results supported the Triple Match Principle and showed that job resources were more likely to buffer the effect of job demands on strain as the degree of match in qualitative dimension among demands, resources and strain increased (33·3% of triple-match interactions, 22·22% of double-match interactions and 16·67% non-match interactions were significant). Moreover, generation played a key role in this interplay, as it increased the number of significant qualitative interactions among job demands, job resources and strain. Conclusions The results underscore the necessity of providing adequate job resources tailored to the specific job demands nurses face, to counteract the negative effects of those demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Judicious food choices are of prime importance during aging. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify individual and collective attributes determining global diet quality (DQ). Methodology: Participants were 1,793 adults (52% women) from the NuAge study on nutrition and successful aging. Subjects aged 67 to 84 years in relatively good health were recruited from the Québec Medicare Database. Sociodemographic, affective, and cognitive data, health conditions, perceived physical health and functional status, dietary habits and dietary attributes and community resources were obtained using questionnaires. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Three non-consecutive 24-hour diet recalls were collected at recruitment. DQ, assessed using the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI, /100), was computed on the mean intakes from the diet recalls. Analyses were stratified by gender. Variables significantly related to DQ in bivariate analyses (p<.05) were entered into backward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Results: Among men, the final model showed higher education (β=0.23, p=.01), diet knowledge (β=0.96, p<.0001), number of daily meals (β=1.91, p=.02) and perceived physical health (β=0.06, p=.01) to be positive determinants of DQ, whereas alcohol consumption (β=−2.25, p=.05), wearing dentures (β=−2.31, p=.01) and eating regularly in restaurants (β=− 1.65, p=.03) were negative determinants of DQ (adjusted R2 = 13.7%). Among women, higher education (β=0.29, p=.002), diet knowledge (β=0.54, p=.002), number of daily meals (β=3.61, p<.0001), and hunger (β=0.61, p<.0001) were positive determinants of global DQ; greater BMI (β=−0.16, p=.03) and chewing problems (β=−0.48, p=.03) were negative determinants of DQ (adjusted R2 = 7.8%). Discussion: These results point to several key factors influencing global DQ in older adults and also show gender-based differences. More research must be done to better understand how these factors change with aging and exert their impact on diet, particularly since variance in DQ was largely unexplained. As diet knowledge was an independent predictor for both genders, targeted, sustainable interventions are needed to ensure good diet quality as people age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terra Nova, 24, 363-372, 2012 Abstract Over 100 new Nd model ages are presented for orthogneisses from the Lac Dumoine region, western Quebec, interpreted as a thrust sheet of the Grenvillian Allochthonous Polycyclic Belt. The thrust sheet has an isotope signature consistent with other terranes of the allochthonous belt, with TDM ages <1.8 Ga in the main allochthon, but ages of 1.8-2.0 Ga in an underlying tectonic unit, itself thrust over parautochthonous Archean crust. However, the new data also reveal a half-window of Palaeoproterozoic crust that divides the allochthon into two lobes, showing them to be relatively thin-skinned nappes originating from the Baskatong crustal-scale ramp. When combined with new Nd isotope mapping for Algonquin Park, Ontario, these results suggest that the main ramp of the Allochthon Boundary Thrust is located further to the SE than previously thought, with a strong SW-NE linear trend that coincides with dipping reflectors imaged on Lithoprobe seismic line 32 south of Algonquin Park. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pharmacologic and animal studies have strongly Implicated the noreplnephrine transporter (NET) in the pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We conducted a family-based study, with stratification based on sex and subtype, to test the association between 30 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the gene encoding NET (SLC6A2) and ADHD. Methods: Family-based association tests were conducted with the categorical diagnosis of ADHD, as well as quantitative phenotypes of clinical relevance (Conners Global Index for Teachers and Parents, and Child Behavior Checklist measures). Sliding window haplotype analysis was conducted with screening based on conditional power using PBAT. Results: A previously reported association with rs3785143 was confirmed in this study. Further, extensive association was observed with haplotype blocks, with a differential pattern observed based on sex and subtype. The 5' region of the gene (encompassing haplotype block 1 and including a functional promoter SNP, rs28386840) showed an association with ADHD in girls (irrespective of subtype). A different region of the gene (distributed around haplotype block 2) was associated with distinct behavioural phenotypes in boys. These findings are correlated with previously reported functional studies of gene variants in SLC6A2. Limitations: The most important limitation of the study is the small size of the groups resulting from the stratification based on sex followed by subtype. Conclusion: The results obtained in this family-based study suggest that haplotype blocks within different regions of SLC6A2 show differential association with the disorder based on sex and subtype. These associations may have been masked in previous studies when tests were conducted with pooled samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A psycho-educational intervention focused on communication was conceived for caregivers of family members in the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (i.e., persons with dementia), and tested on five proximal outcome variables: caregiver knowledge, perceptions of communication difficulties and degree of perceived disturbance related to these difficulties, self-efficacy and skills. Guided by a theoretical framework that encompassed geragogy, the McGill model of nursing and self-efficacy theory, the intervention was evaluated via an experimental design with pre-post tests. Fifty family caregivers were randomly assigned to an experimental group (intervention program), or to a control group (information flier on communication and memory). Statistically significant effects were found on four dependent variables: caregiver knowledge, degree of disturbance related to communication difficulties, self-efficacy and skills. No significant effects were observed in regard to the perceived presence of communication difficulties. This communication program serves as a useful tool to prepare caregivers for their new role. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Potential loss of group distinctiveness can represent a threat to the existence of a group. Across three studies ( Ns = 42, 60, 94), a mediated-moderation model was tested in which the interactive effects of group identification and potential ingroup distinctiveness loss predicts the desire to engage in ingroup protective action to the extent that collective angst (i.e., concern for the ingroup's future vitality) is aroused. It was hypothesized that the threat of potential distinctiveness loss would result in collective angst and subsequent support for protective action among high, but not necessarily low, identified group members. Results provided support for this model within the context of French Canadian distinctiveness from English Canada (Experiment 1, where the outcome measure was the desire for a sovereign Quebec) and Canadian distinctiveness from the United States (Experiments 2 and 3, where the outcome was support for action to protect Canadian sovereignty and rejection of a North American Union respectively). When and why collective angst facilitates ingroup protective action is discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess the effect on collisions with injuries of a 61% reduction in the number of traffic citations issued by police officers over a 21-month period. Methods Using descriptive analyses as well as ARIMA intervention time-series analyses, this study estimated the impact of this reduction in citations issued for traffic violations on the monthly number of collisions with injuries. Results Simple descriptive analysis reveals that the 61% reduction in the number of citations issued for traffic violations during the experimental period coincided with an increase in collisions with injuries. Results from the interrupted time-series analyses reveal that, on average, eight additional collisions with injuries occurred every month during which the number of tickets issued for traffic violations was lower than normal. As this pressure tactic was applied for 21 months, it is estimated that this situation was associated with approximately 184 additional collisions with injuries: equivalent to 239 traffic injuries (either deaths, minor or serious injuries). Conclusion In the province of Quebec, police officers are an important component of road safety policy. Issuing citations prevents drivers from adopting reckless driving habits such as speeding, running red lights and failing to fasten their seat belt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent work showed that infants recognize and store function words starting from the age of 6-8 months. Using a visual fixation procedure, the present study tested whether French-learning 14-month-olds have the knowledge of syntactic categories of determiners and pronouns, respectively, and whether they can use these function words for categorizing novel words to nouns and verbs. The prosodic characteristics of novel words stimuli for noun versus verb uses were balanced. The only distinguishing cue was the preceding determiners versus subject pronouns, the former being the most common for nouns and the latter the most common for verbs, i.e., Det + Noun, Pron + Verb. We expected that noun categorization may be easier than verb categorization because the co-occurrence of determiners with nouns is more consistent than that of subject pronouns with verbs in French. The results showed that infants grouped the individual determiners as one common class, and that they appeared to use the determiners to categorize novel words into nouns. However, we found no evidence of verb categorization. Unlike determiners, pronouns were not perceived as a common syntactic class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One basic premise of dendroclimatology is that tree rings can be viewed as climate proxies, i.e. rings are assumed to contain some hidden information about past climate. From a statistical perspective, this extraction problem can be understood as the search of a hidden variable which represents the common signal within a collection of tree-ring width series. Classical average-based techniques used in dendrochronology have been applied to estimate the mean behavior of this latent variable. Still, depending on tree species, regional factors and statistical methods, a precise quantification of uncertainties associated to the hidden variable distribution is difficult to assess. To model the error propagation throughout the extraction procedure, we propose and study a Bayesian hierarchical model that focuses on extracting an inter-annual high frequency signal. Our method is applied to black spruce (Picea mariana) tree-rings recorded in Northern Quebec and compared to a classical averagebased techniques used by dendrochronologists (Cook and Kairiukstis, 1992). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which discusses the framework to estimate sediment loads using distributions with covariates at Beaurivage River watershed in Québec during 1989 to 2004. It states that the covariates considered in the application to the Canadian watershed are streamflow and calendar day. It discusses the comparison of different statistical models which show that the log-normal distribution with a mean value depending on streamflow, a constant coefficient of variation for streamflow dependence, and a constant standard deviation for calendar day dependence provide the best result. It explores the selected model used to estimate the distribution of annual sediment loads for the watershed for a selected period.

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The "Ministère des transports du Québec" has a fleet of equipment to maintain the roads of the province of Quebec. The management of the fleet is the responsibility of the "Centre de Gestion de l'équipement Roulant". They decide whether an old item of equipment will be sold, replaced or maintained. Several factors, sometimes conflicting, come into play in the decision making process. They include reducing the fleet by 20%, respecting the budget, meeting the customer requirements, and maintaining and renovating certain aspects of the equipment. As a management tool, we propose Goal Programming model with the integration of the decision-maker's preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]