Search

Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a crucial strategy in improving postpartum experiences of mothers. This study aimed to explain women's perception of determining aspects and determinants of disrespect and abuse (D&A) during childbirth. This study was carried out from October 2019 to February 2020 in Tabriz-Iran. A total of 12 postpartum women were enrolled in this qualitative study by purposive sampling. The data were collected through in-depth semi structured interviews and simultaneously analyzed with a conventional content analysis approach. Thirty eight sub-themes and 11 main themes extracted from data analysis. The main themes included: "physical abuse," "psychological violence," "discrimination," "violation of privacy," "unmet needs and preferences," "nonparticipation in decision-making," "abandonment of women," "Lack of sympathy," "shortage of human and non-human resources," "unpleasant psychological atmosphere of the ward" and "facilitators of D&A." The results of our study indicated the importance of sympathy with mothers and professional ethics. Moreover, healthcare providers, administrators, and policy-makers should design patient-centered interventions in order to secure the material, psychological, and legal needs of women to receive respectful maternity care.

Background: There is no comprehensive guideline for respectful maternity care (RMC) promotion in Iran. This study aimed to design a RMC guideline based on a multiphase study., Methods: In this multiphase mixed-methods study, recommendations were made for RMC promotion through the data obtained from Phase I (i.e., the quantitative section with a cross-sectional design), Phase II (i.e., the qualitative section with a content analysis method), and Phase III (i.e., focus group discussions with birth attendants as well as opinions of the specialized panel through the Delphi technique). The composed recommendations were then analyzed and finalized by relevant specialists in terms of execution capacity, approvability, and cost-effectiveness within the current context of Iran. Eventually, the resultant guideline were evaluated and approved by two members of the research team specializing in the research area in accordance with the Appraisal of Guideline for Research and Evaluation (AGREE)., Results: The results of this multiphase study led to 80 recommendations for RMC promotion. The recommendations were classified as eight areas called recommendations for the pregnancy period, recommendations for the labor period and delivery, recommendations for the neonatal period, occupational recommendations, supervision recommendations, national policy recommendations, recommendations for training students and staff, and general public recommendations., Discussion: Based on the outcomes of disrespect and abuse, it is recommended to provide comprehensive guideline for policymakers and planners to formulate plans through the RMC promotion approach. Healthcare service policymakers can use this guideline to design some interventions to meet women's financial, psychological, and legal needs., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Background: The absence of Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) deters mothers from seeking maternity care services. Given the importance of RMC and the lack of a standard tool for its assessment in Iran, the present study was conducted to translate and assess the psychometric properties of the RMC questionnaire in Iranian women., Methods: Forward-backward method was used for translating the questionnaire from English into Persian. A total of 265 postpartum women entered the study by simple random sampling from public and private hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through the face, content and construct validity. Construct validity was assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were used to confirm the reliability of the questionnaire. Internal consistency was examined by measuring the Cronbach's alpha in a sample of 20 mothers, and test-retest stability by calculating the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) in the same group of mothers, who had completed the questionnaire twice with a two-week interval., Results: The exploratory factor analysis led to the extraction of one factor. Item 12 was eliminated due to its low factor loading. X 2 /df was less than 5, and RMSEA was less than 0.08, which confirms the validity of this model. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained as 0.93 and ICC (with 95% confidence interval) as 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99)., Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated that the Iranian RMC scale can be used as a valid and reliable instrument to assess RMC in Iran.

Background: Intrapartum respectful maternity care is defined as a fundamental human right that can affect the mother's experiences. This study aimed to determine the status of respectful maternity care and its relationship with childbirth experience among Iranian women., Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 334 postpartum women in postpartum wards of two public and four private hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Quota sampling was used based on the number of births in each hospital. Data were collected through interviews with the use of the following tools: sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics questionnaire, respectful maternity care scale (6 to 18 h postpartum), and childbirth experience questionnaire (30 to 45 days postpartum). The General Linear Model was used to determine the relationship between respectful maternity care and childbirth experience., Results: The mean respectful maternity care score was 62.58 with a range of 15 to 75, and the total childbirth experience score was 3.29 with a range of 1 to 4. After adjusting for sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics, a statistically significant direct correlation was found between respectful maternity care and a positive childbirth experience (P < 0.001)., Conclusions: The findings reveals a direct relationship between respectful maternity care and positive childbirth experience. Therefore, it is recommended that mangers and policy makers in childbirth facilities reinforce facilitating a respectful maternity care to improve women's child birth experience and prevent potential adverse effects of negative childbirth experiences.

Background: Disrespectful maternity care is a key impediment to achieving a good quality care. Identifying predicting factors can be used in mitigating any potential risk in for disrespect and abuse in maternity care. The present study was conducted to determine prevalence and predictors of perceived disrespectful maternity care among Iranian women., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three public and three private hospitals in the city of Tabriz involving 334 postpartum women. Tools included socio-demographic, pregnancy, labour and birth characteristics questionnaires, and disrespect and abuse scales. Data were collected in 6 to 18 h after birth. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of disrespectful maternity care., Results: A majority of the women (253; 75.7%) reported one or several types of perceived disrespectful maternity care. The most frequent types related to not allowing women to choose labour positions (142; 44.3%) and not allowing them to move during labour (148; 42.5%). Nighttime childbirth (aOR 3.07; 95% CI 1.61 to 5.88) increased the likelihood of perceived disrespectful maternity care. However, presence of spouses to accompany their wives in waiting rooms (aOR 0.32; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.88), the attendance of private physicians (aOR 0.05; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.12), and midwives (aOR 0.22; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.45) decreased the likelihood of perceived disrespectful maternity care., Conclusion: The results showed high levels of perceived disrespectful maternity care in postpartum women. Therefore, appropriate interventions, such as encouraging spouses' presence, increasing the number of night shift staff, and training obstetric residents and midwives by holding ethics classes, with particular emphasis on empathy with patients.

Background: Disrespect and abuse (D&A) can violate human rights, affect women's decisions on the type of delivery method, and exacerbate their mental health conditions; therefore, this study aims to: a) assess the status of D&A and respectful maternity care (RMC) during childbirth and their relationships with childbirth experience, socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics; b) explain women's perceptions of various RMC aspects and determinants during childbirth; and c) present a guideline for promoting of RMC., Methods/design: A mixed methods sequential explanatory design will be used to conduct this study in 3 phases. The first phase is a quantitative study with a longitudinal descriptive-analytical design to identify any D&A and RMC and their relationships with childbirth experience among 334 women who have given birth in public and private hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. The sample will be selected proportional to each population. The second phase is a qualitative study to explore women's perceptions of various RMC aspects and their determinants during childbirth. The conventional content analysis approach will be used to analyze the data. The third phase is focused on developing a guideline to improve the quality of maternity care. The literature review, findings of phase one and two, and focus group discussion (FGDs) with staff in the labour ward and using a Delphi technique will be used to complete the final phase., Discussion: Considering the vulnerability of women during labor and delivery and the effect of D&A on cesarean section rates, a supportive guideline can improve the quality of maternity care and reduce D&A during childbirth, and improve women's childbirth experiences., Ethical Code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.202.

Background. Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a crucial approach to enhancing the experiences of mothers. This study aimed to explore women's views on the factors contributing to disrespect and abuse (D&A) during childbirth. Methods. A qualitative study was conducted with 12 postpartum women selected through purposive sampling to ensure maximum diversity. Data were gathered through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a conventional content analysis method. Results. The analysis revealed seven key categories. These categories included respect for women, meeting needs and preferences, involvement of women, continuity of care, empathy, adequate human and non-human resources, and factors that deter D&A. Conclusion. It is essential to develop effective interventions to enhance RMC across various dimensions. Providing RMC during and after childbirth necessitates the involvement of policymakers and health managers. This can be accomplished by addressing the welfare and environmental needs, showing empathy towards mothers, safeguarding their privacy, alleviating staff workloads, and transforming the attitudes of healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]