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1. [Polysaccharides from Nerium oleander: structure and biological activity]

Author

B M, Müller, F, Rosskopf, D H, Paper, J, Kraus, and G, Franz

Subjects
Male, Mice, Inbred C3H, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Plants, Medicinal, Cell Survival, Plant Extracts, Hydrolysis, Macrophages, In Vitro Techniques, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Methylation, Mice, Structure-Activity Relationship, Phagocytosis, Polysaccharides, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Immunologic Factors, Female, Protease Inhibitors, Lymphocytes, Mitogens, Limulus Test
Abstract

A water extraction of crushed leaves of Nerium oleander yielded 2.3% of a crude polysaccharide. The main fraction (67%) represents a pectic polysaccharide mainly composed of galacturonic acid besides rhamnose, arabinose and galactose. The polysaccharide structure was characterized by NMR, mild acid- and pectinase treatment combined with GC-MS analyses. In vivo tests for a possible antitumor activity did not result in a significant action. Investigation of immunomodulating activity brought some indications for mitogenic activity and a weak macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity. Increase of phagocytosis could not be doubtlessly assigned to the polysaccharide due to the high amount of endotoxin in the homogenous fraction OLE 2.

Published
1991

2. Composition of the lymphoid cell populations from omental milky spots during the immune response in C57BL/Ka mice

Author

Robert V. Rouse, Bruno Kyewski, Short Paper, and Kazimir Dux

Subjects
B-Lymphocytes, Stromal cell, medicine.drug_class, T-Lymphocytes, Immunology, Cell, Mice, Inbred Strains, T lymphocyte, Biology, Monoclonal antibody, Mice, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, Immune system, Antigen, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, Female, Lymphocytes, Omentum
Abstract

The lymphoid cell composition of milky spots was analyzed in unprimed mice before and after i.p. immunization with sheep red blood cells. Milky spots contained surface immunoglobulin-positive B lymphocytes, and T cells of the helper and cytotoxic phenotype. After secondary antigen challenge (a) the number of lymphocytes increased up to 40-fold, (b) B and T cells were found to segregate into distinct areas in situ, and (c) lymphocytes were found to associate with I-A-negative stromal cells in vivo. These findings qualify milky spots as a peripheral lymphoid organ exhibiting a remarkable change in number and composition of lymphocytes in response to a local antigen stimulus.

Published
1986

3. The migration of lymphocytes in the fetal lamb

Author

R.N.P. Cahill, D.C. Poskitt, John B. Hay, Short Paper, Iver Heron, and Z. Trnka

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, T-Lymphocytes, Immunology, Sheep fetus, Spleen, Thoracic Duct, Fetus, Antigen, Cell Movement, Pregnancy, Intestine, Small, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Lymphocytes, Lung, Sheep, biology, Small intestine, Chromium Radioisotopes, medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, embryonic structures, Fetal lamb, biology.protein, Female, Lymph, Antibody
Abstract

The migration of 51Cr-labeled autologous lymphocytes from intestinal or prescapular lymph was compared in fetal lambs and adult sheep. A subpopulation of lymphocytes present in intestinal lymph of adults which migrated to the small intestine was not found in fetal intestinal lymph. There were marked differences in the migration of fetal and adult lymphocytes to the lungs and liver. In spite of the absence of circulating antibodies or immunoglobulins and of extrinsic antigen in the immunologically virgin sheep fetus, the circulation of lymphocytes through the spleen and lymph nodes of fetal lambs was more intense than in the adult.

Published
1979