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An essay is presented in which the author responds to articles written by geographer David Lowenthal in the periodicals "Geographical Review" and "Journal of American History." The author claims that Lowenthal snubs the documentary aspects of historical scholarship, examines Lowenthal's perspectives on a book chapter written by scholar Ralph Tarr entitled "Man and Nature," and discusses the scholarship of scholar Rollin Salisbury. The article also discusses Lowenthal's contribution to the book "Man and Nature."

This article examines Arnold Guyot's (1807-1884) studies of the physical geography of New England within the concept of "Humboldtian science." After a brief explanation of that framework, it discusses Guyot's work on the Smithsonian Institution's meteorological project and his measurement of the heights of New England mountains and their written and cartographic display. Guyot is shown to be a full participant in and a leading practitioner of Humboldt's methods during his New England years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924), founding president of Clark University, was a leader in the child study movement and a significant figure in psychology and education in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Hall had pronounced opinions on many educational subjects, including the teaching of geography. His criticisms and program for the reform of school geography were based on a mix of European ideas of heimatkunde or “home geography,” developmental or “genetic” psychology, and his work in the child study and nature study movements. This article traces Hall's involvement with geographic pedagogy from the 1880s through World War I, including his sponsorship of the first American Ph.D. dissertation in the teaching of geography, completed at Clark in 1906. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]