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This paper refers to the issues of diversity and inclusion because they represent a possible innovation in the field of management and business. Over the last years, there have appeared some organizations that take care of justice and supporting diversity in employment. This phenomenon is applicable to strategic management, human resource management and business, too. The labour market situation is ever-changing and brings new problems but also new challenges and opportunities for companies and their management how to increase their competitiveness. The main aim of this paper is to describe the opinion on diversity and inclusion of young people, specifically university and high school students of economic disciplines because they are potential managers or workers to occupy higher positions and their attitude could influence the future state of using diversity management and fair treatment with employees. Further aim is to work out a brief theoretical framework and to describe the current state of diversity and inclusion in the Czech Republic. In this paper, there are used methods as literature review, questionnaire survey, frequency comparison, Chi-squared test, and Mann-Whitney test. The paper includes work with secondary (statistical and theoretical) data but especially with primary data based on a questionnaire survey conducted by the author that is focused on exploring student's opinion on diversity, diversity management and benefits of using diversity in business, opinion on discrimination in the Czech Republic, or quotas for women in decision-making bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate social performance is discussed in this paper. The aim of this article is to propose indicators of social performance in the context of corporate sustainability. Relevance of the proposal has been verified through a questionnaire that focused on large manufacturing companies in the Czech Republic. Using statistical methods, it was found that a basic set of sixteen indicators can be replaced by six key performance indicators -- Percentage of employees covered by collective agreement, Wage discrimination, Occupational diseases, Violations of ethical code, Expenditures on identifying and ensuring customer satisfaction and Percentage of products and services assessed for their influence on health and safety of customers. These results aim to contribute to both academy and corporate practitioners, who want to improve corporate social performance and through the use of key performance indicators to support transparency and sustainability of their business. This study, however, has some limitations. The key performance indicators are designed specifically for large manufacturing companies of group 27.1 CZ-NACE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the non/reception of gender equality as a legitimate topic of science policy in the Czech Republic. Despite much criticism from experts and research that shows that there are major problems with gender equality, state officials and institutions remain resistant to the issue. The policies of inactivity are studied from the perspective of a constructivist policy analysis. The aim of the paper is to show how discursive practices of institutions and understandings of the issue constitute gender equality as something that is completely on the periphery of or even outside science itself. Thus, logically, gender equality is pushed outside the remit of science policies. If gender equality is thematised at all, it is reduced to the issue of women in science. Such an understanding of gender equality significantly narrows down the space in which concrete political measures can be made, and determines which activities are acceptable and which are not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on the results of the research project "The Status of Women and Men in the Czech Republic" from 1998. If was inspired by the need to obtain information on the circumstances of enforcement of EU legislation on equal opportunities in the Czech Republic in connection with the Czech Republic's application for EU membership. The project aimed to investigate the public perception and consciousness of equal opportunities. Therefore, it deals with the main issues of the EU directives and recommendations: equal pay, equal treatment as regards access to employment, promotion and vocational training, legal knowledge concerning employment and so on. Reconciling family and working life is the crucial problem in the Czech Republic, as in other countries. It can be understood as a result of both modernisation and the special national situation that has resulted from the social and economic transition. The paper compares conditions of women's employment with their professional expectations and satisfaction. It shows the social determination of these, and some stereotypes in understanding men's and women's roles. These facts influence women's position on the labour market in various aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the biographies of women at the intersection of class and gender in the Czech Republic. With the transition towards a market-based economy and a decrease in the symbolic capital of workers in the blue-collar and service fields, and in the context of a familialist social policy and a labour market that discourages a combination of paid employment and care responsibilities, women with low education find themselves in the secondary labour market and exposed to gender discrimination. We illustrate how an intersectional approach (Brah - Phoenix 2004) can be used in sociology to analyze the ways in which class, gender and other social categories, such as care responsibility, interact and mutually constitute each other in the lives of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on organisations and the conditions for working parents in terms of combining work and care and how those conditions are set up and negotiated in organisations. The research draws on three case studies comparing pairs of companies active in the Czech Republic and in one of the following countries - Germany, France, and Sweden - in the field of engineering. The goal is to explore in depth the conditions that Czech working parents are faced with and that derive from the organisational processes and means and dynamics of negotiating conditions for working parents, and to compare them with the conditions in other countries and identify the sources of variability of these conditions. Important differences between a company's family-friendly practices in its home country and in its Czech branches are primarily determined by the differences in the way in which welfare regimes are set up in individual countries. In addition, the authors identify the following five main interlinked factors explaining the variability of family-friendly policies and practices in organisations: parental (maternity) ideologies, the organisational culture of non-discrimination and equal opportunities, the actors' activity in work relations, the role of trade unions in negotiations, and the given organisation's experience with employees-parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper brings an overview of theoretical - economic and sociological - approaches to gender differences in the labour market. Major shortcomings of these theories are underscored using Czech and foreign empirical studies. The empirical part of the study is based on gender theories that highlight the influence of biases concerning the female labour force on the behaviour of employers, employees and those preparing for employment. Based on data from empirical research, we explore the existence of these biases among Czech university graduates. An interpretation of a lower position of women in the labour market which is held by the educational elite is also investigated. For that purpose, the collected data are analysed in a quantitative statistical as well as qualitative explorative way. The results showed that women often tend to interpret gender differences in the labour market, such as payment differences and the segregation of men and women into different labour sectors, branches, professions, firms, work collectives and positions, as discriminatory, while men interpret them more often as a result of women's nature. Although comparable data among the whole Czech population were not available, results of the research on university graduates (employers, employees, superiors and employees without subordinates) indicate that it is possible to use theories that highlight biases as a source of gender discrimination in the labour market as a basis for the research of the lower position of women in the current Czech labour market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using firm-level data from the Czech Republic in the years 1998, 2002, and 2004, we examine whether the introduction of legislative measures for gender equality connected with the accession to the European Union had a significant effect on gender wage inequality. The central conclusion of our analysis is that within-job wage inequality plays a significant role in the Czech labour market, and that there were no substantive changes during the period studied. Czech women doing the same job in the same establishment earn about 10 per cent less than their male co-workers. The smallest gender wage gaps are found in establishments and groups of employees’ representative of or with strong ties to the socialist past. We conclude by speculating that motherhood and women's responsibilities in the home, together with the legal system's lack of legitimacy, limit the impact of legislative changes on practices in Czech society and preserve gender wage discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]