3,167 results
Search Results
2. Argonne National Laboratory papers presented at second ANS topical meeting on the technology of controlled nuclear fusion
- Published
- 1976
3. Papers on conductors and toroidal field design submitted to the applied superconductivity conference, August 17--20, 1976
- Published
- 1976
4. Papers on ac losses and pulsed coils submitted to the applied superconductivity conference, August 17--20, 1976
- Published
- 1976
5. Papers contributed to the 1992 applied superconductivity conference
- Published
- 1992
6. Magnetic valves with programmable timing capability for fluid control in paper-based microfluidics.
- Author
-
Zwanenburg, P., Li, X., and Liu, X. Y.
- Abstract
Multi-step analytical tests such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) require delivery of multiple fluids into a reaction zone and counting of incubation time at different steps. This paper presents a new type of paper-based magnetic valves that can count the time and turn on or off a fluidic flow accordingly, enabling timed fluid control in paper-based microfluidics. The timing function of these valves is realized using a paper timing channel with an ionic resistor, which can detect the event of a solution flowing through the resistor and trigger an electromagnet (through a simple circuit) to open or close a paper cantilever valve. Based on this principle, we developed normally-open and normally-closed valves with a timing period up to 30.3±2.1 minutes (sufficient for ELISA on paper-based platforms). Using the normally-open valve, we performed an enzyme-based colorimetric reaction commonly used for signal amplification of ELISAs, which requires a timed delivery of enzyme substrate to a reaction zone. This design adds a new fluid-control component to the tool set for developing paper-based microfluidic devices, and has the potential to improve the user-friendliness of these devices. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Foreword to the Nuclear Fusion Special Issue of Papers Presenting Results from the JET Tritium and Deuterium / Tritium Campaign.
- Author
-
Maggi, Costanza
- Subjects
TRITIUM ,DEUTERIUM ,NUCLEAR energy ,NUCLEAR fusion ,FUSION reactors ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,ALPHA rays - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Superconducting High Gradient Magnetic Separation for Purification of Wastewater From Paper Factory.
- Author
-
Nishijima, Shigehiro and Takeda, Shin-ichi
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC separation , *INDUSTRIAL wastes , *SUPERCONDUCTING magnets , *SEPARATION (Technology) , *ELECTROMAGNETS , *SEWAGE purification , *INDUSTRIAL engineering - Abstract
High gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) can be one of the promising ways for a new environmental purification technique because of producing no contamination such as flocculants and having possibility of treating large amount of wasted water within a short time. The magnetic separation system for purification of wastewater from the paper factory has been developed. The test plant of 2000 ton/day was set up in the actual paper manufacturing process and a purification test of the wastewater was performed. The magnetic seeding of the organic pulp and dyes were successfully performed and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value for recycling was reached to less than 40 ppm after magnetic separation. The superconducting magnet for the system is 3 T, 680 mm long and 400 mm bore NbTi solenoid. The system mainly consists of a mixing tank (magnetic seeding tank), a settling tank, and a superconducting magnet. Floating magnetic flocks composed of magnetite particles and organic polymers such as pulp and dye are captured by magnetic force in the superconducting magnet chamber. Some magnetic flocks are precipitated at the settling tank by the gravity, which helps to reduce the amount of magnetic flocks going through the magnet chamber. The system has been successfully operated for several months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Applied superconductivity conference. [200 papers]
- Published
- 1975
10. APPLICATION CORNER: THE WRONG COIL IN A MAGNETIC FLOWMETER?
- Author
-
Spitzer, David W.
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,PAPER mills ,BODY size ,FLOW meters ,MANUFACTURING industries - Abstract
This article discusses a case involving a magnetic flowmeter used to measure the effluent flow from a paper mill. The flowmeter failed calibration after 40 years of service, and the treatment facility alleged that it measured only half of the actual flow. The treatment company's expert suggested that the wrong size coil was installed in the flowmeter, but it was not possible to present evidence at arbitration. The article is written by David W. Spitzer, a principal at Spitzer and Boyes, LLC, who specializes in engineering and automation services. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
11. 49.3: Invited Paper: Summary of Electromagnetic In‐cell Touch Solutions for E‐paper.
- Author
-
Lin, Baiquan, Xi, Kerui, Li, Xiaohe, Qin, Feng, Liu, Jine, Kong, Xiangjian, Wang, Liying, Li, Jinyu, and Xu, Wenqin
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,ANTENNA design ,TACTILE sensors ,PHYSICAL contact ,MAGNETIC shielding - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Review of Compensation Topologies Power Converters Coil Structure and Architectures for Dynamic Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicle.
- Author
-
Rajamanickam, Narayanamoorthi, Shanmugam, Yuvaraja, Jayaraman, Rahulkumar, Petrov, Jan, Vavra, Lukas, and Gono, Radomir
- Subjects
WIRELESS power transmission ,ELECTRIC charge ,MAGNETIC structure ,MAGNETIC materials ,ELECTROMAGNETS - Abstract
The increasing demand for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for electric vehicles (EVs) has necessitated advancements in charging solutions, with a particular focus on speed and efficiency. However, power transfer efficiency is the major concern in static and dynamic wireless charging (DWC) design. Design consideration and improvements in all functional units are necessary for an increase in overall efficiency of the system. Recently, different research works have been presented regarding DWC at the power converter, coil structure and compensators. This paper provides a comprehensive review of power converters incorporating high-order compensation topologies, demonstrating their benefits in enhancing the DWC of EVs. The review also delves into the coupling coil structure and magnetic material architecture, pivotal in enhancing power transfer efficiency and capability. Moreover, the high-order compensation topologies used to effectively mitigate low-frequency ripple, improve voltage regulation, and facilitate a more compact and portable design are discussed. Furthermore, optimal coupling and different techniques to achieve maximum power transfer efficiency are discussed to boost magnetic interactions, thereby reducing power loss. Finally, this paper highlights the essential role of these components in developing efficient and reliable DWC systems for EVs, emphasizing their contribution to achieving high-power transfer efficiency and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Enhancing Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles: Active Load Impedance Matching and Its Impact on Efficiency, Cost and Size.
- Author
-
Allali, Nicolas
- Subjects
LOAD transfer (Vehicles) ,IMPEDANCE matching ,ELECTRIC charge ,ELECTRIC vehicle charging stations ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,WIRELESS power transmission - Abstract
This paper presents an advanced Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system for electric vehicles (EVs) featuring Active Load Impedance Matching (ALIM) at the rectification stage. Unlike traditional synchronous rectification, ALIM dynamically adjusts load impedance, optimizing energy transfer efficiency and reducing thermal stresses, system costs, and mass. The system incorporates two circuits optimized for distinct frequency bands: one operates below 10 kHz using standard copper wiring for cost-effectiveness, and the other at 85 kHz, which significantly reduces the mass of the onboard coil and magnetic circuit while ensuring interoperability according to SAE J2954 standard. Our approach enhances charging efficiency across various operating conditions, improves thermal management, and minimizes maintenance costs. Additionally, it enables partial compensation for vehicle misalignment and ground assembly impedance, further boosting efficiency and interoperability. Experimental results demonstrate a notable increase in efficiency and reduction in system mass, confirming the superiority of the ALIM-equipped WPT system over conventional solutions. This paper underscores the potential of ALIM to advance the scalability, efficiency, and economic viability of wireless EV charging technology, promoting broader adoption and sustainability in EV infrastructures. By providing a comprehensive solution that addresses key challenges in wireless charging, our work paves the way for more efficient and cost-effective EV charging systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Numerical Simulation of Thermal Therapy for Melanoma in Mice.
- Author
-
Zhang, Yunfei and Lu, Mai
- Subjects
MAGNETIC flux density ,ELECTROMAGNETIC induction ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,ELECTROMAGNETIC fields ,MAGNETIC nanoparticles - Abstract
In recent years, the progressively escalating incidence and exceptionally high fatality rate of cutaneous melanoma have drawn the attention of numerous scholars. Magnetic induction hyperthermia, as an efficacious tumor treatment modality, has been promoted and applied in the therapy of some tumors. In this paper, the melanoma atop the mice's heads was chosen as the research subject, and a magnetic induction hyperthermia approach based on Helmholtz coils as the magnetic field excitation was investigated and designed. The influence of the electromagnetic field and thermal field on organisms was addressed through modeling by COMSOL simulation software. The results showed that the maximum values of induced electric field and magnetic induction strength in mouse tumor tissues were 63.1 V/m and 8.5621 mT, respectively, which reached the threshold value of magnetic field strength required for magnetic induction hyperthermia. The maxima of the induced electric field and magnetic induction intensity in brain tissues are, respectively, 35.828 V/m and 8.57 mT. Approximately 93% of the tumor tissue can reach 42 °C, and the maximum temperature is 44.2 °C. Within this temperature range, a large quantity of tumor cells can be successfully induced to undergo apoptosis without harming normal cells, and the therapeutic effect is favorable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Fault-Tolerant Control of D-PMSG Demagnetization Based on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Controller.
- Author
-
Bing Luo, Bozhong Liu, Sicheng Peng, Zhi Yu, and Yang Zhang
- Subjects
FAULT-tolerant control systems ,DEMAGNETIZATION ,TORQUE control ,SYNCHRONOUS generators ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,FAULT tolerance (Engineering) ,PERMANENT magnet generators - Abstract
When demagnetization occurs, direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind generator exhibits problems of poor dynamic performance, weak immunity to disturbances and speed fluctuations. Aiming at these problems, this paper proposes a cascaded linear active disturbance rejection control method. First, the mathematical models of the generator during normal operation and demagnetization are described. Second, the linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) for the speed and current loops is designed. The compensation for demagnetization disturbances at the speed loop's input is enabled by the control approach. The current output of the speed loop is imported as a rated value into the LADRC of the current loop. At the same time, the current is compensated at the input. Compensated speed and current accurately track the given values, and the goal of achieving demagnetization fault tolerance is met. Finally, this method is compared with dual-loop Proportional Integral (PI) control. The experimental results affirm that, under this control method, when demagnetization occurs, the speed fluctuation is reduced by 95.7%, the current response time decreased from 0.01 seconds to 0.001 seconds, and the electromagnetic torque ripple amplitude reduced by 50%. These experimental results fully validate the heightened fault tolerance and resistance to interference exhibited by the method advocated in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Conceptual design of a rapid-cycling synchrotron for the KFA-Juelich spallation neutron source: working papers
- Published
- 1983
17. Optimization Design of Variable Reluctance Resolver Based on Three-phase Symmetrical Winding.
- Author
-
Li, Xinmin, Chen, Jiannan, and Zhang, Zhen
- Subjects
PERMANENT magnet motors ,OPTICAL shaft encoders ,RELUCTANCE motors ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,MANUFACTURING processes - Abstract
In order to ease the structure and manufacturing process of the variable reluctance (VR) resolver, the three-phase symmetrical single-layer winding commonly used in the stator winding of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) is applied to the VR resolver in this paper. The proposed resolver has the same winding direction and number of turns on all teeth. And the non-overlapping distribution of the three-phase windings of the resolver is ensured. For this novel resolver, the resolver-to-digital conversion (RDC) method references the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) signal injection method used when a PMSM is powered off and restarted. Instead of the need for the orthogonal envelope RDC required by conventional resolvers, the absolute position of the rotor can be obtained. In this paper, the prototype of the proposed resolver and the peripheral circuits are fabricated and compared with the position detected by the optical encoder, and the validity of the proposed resolver and the accuracy of the RDC are verified by the results of the comparison experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Inkjet-Printed Electromagnet-Based Touchpad Using Spiral Resonators.
- Author
-
Choi, Sungjin, Eom, Seunghyun, Tentzeris, Manos M., and Lim, Sungjoon
- Subjects
RESONATORS ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,ELECTROMAGNETISM ,SILVER nanoparticles ,COUPLING reactions (Chemistry) - Abstract
In this paper, an inkjet-printed electromagnet-based touchpad employing spiral resonators is proposed. The proposed touchpad is fabricated by a direct patterning method using an inkjet printer with a conductive silver nanoparticle ink. The conductive patterns are easily printed on a paper substrate and sintered for achieving good conductivity. The proposed touchpad is composed of two spiral resonators that resonate at 0.94 GHz ( f1 ) and 1.83 GHz ( f2 ), respectively. When the first resonator is touched, f1 decreases from 0.94 to 0.81 GHz because of electromagnetic (EM) coupling between the finger and the spiral resonator. Similarly, when the second resonator is touched, f2 decreases from 1.83 to 1.55 GHz. Owing to the EM coupling distance between the spiral resonator and the finger, the frequency changes although the finger does not reach beyond a height of 1.27 mm on the spiral resonator. The performance of the proposed touchpad is validated using simulation and measurement results. [2016-0035] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Special Issue "Nanomaterials for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications".
- Author
-
Ferraro, Angelo
- Subjects
NANOSTRUCTURED materials ,IRON oxide nanoparticles ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,NANOCOMPOSITE materials ,SUPERPARAMAGNETIC materials ,IRINOTECAN - Abstract
The work of G. Banis et al. [[1]] focuses on the advantages presented by the superparamagnetic feature of iron oxide nanoparticles, highlighting that they are magnetic only when surrounded by a magnetic field. The paper showed how to use two different functionalized nanoparticles, citrate-stabilized and lipid-coated magnetic nanoparticles, in the formation of dehydropeptide-based supramolecular magnetogels. Sánchez et al. [[2]] performed an interesting study on how to produce cubic magnetic nanoparticles with sizes lower than the monodomain critical value while maintaining the supermagnetism critical value, which guarantees no agglomeration and, thus, nanoparticles remain in a colloid state when in solution. The clinical implications of these achievements are several, indeed it is now possible to hypothesise tissue and organ-specific drug administration by conjugating medications to magnetic nanoparticles and subsequently using tuneable magnetic fields to reach the internal target sites. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Improving the Efficiency of Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Using a Novel Electromagnetic Actuator and Adapting Increased Compression.
- Author
-
Mamala, Jarosław, Tomczuk, Bronisław, Waindok, Andrzej, Graba, Mariusz, and Hennek, Krystian
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETIC actuators ,INTERNAL combustion engines ,INLET valves ,SPARK ignition engines ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,MAGNETIC fields - Abstract
This paper presents an empirical study of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine with modifications made to increase its effectiveness. The modification was implemented bi-directionally in terms of changes to the compression ratio and changes to the engine's valve train. The compression ratio was increased by 2.3 units by design and a hybrid intake valve opening control was used in the engine's valve train. The hybrid control involved autonomous control of one of the inlet valves with a dedicated electromagnetic actuator. The designed electromagnetic actuator was mounted downstream of the single-cylinder engine's intake system's modified camshaft to control the effective compression pressure build-up. Field calculations were carried out for the electromagnetic actuator's design variants and its current characteristics were determined. The multivariate calculations were carried out in order to find the quasi-optimal geometry of the actuator. The width and height of magnetic field coils and the dimensions of the stator poles were changed, while maintaining the same external dimensions of the actuator to enable its mounting in the cylinder head system. In the next step, the prototype of the actuator was made and placed on the combustion engine in order to conduct the experimental investigations. The work was aimed at improving the internal combustion engine's efficiency at the low load range, as this is load range in which it has low efficiency despite it being the most often used during normal vehicle operation. The original measurement stand was prepared, and many tests were carried out in order to investigate the influence of the electromagnetic valve on the combustion engine characteristic. This improved the internal combustion engine's efficiency at its low-load range by up to 25%. Both calculation and measurement results are presented in form of graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. An Adaptive Learning Co-Evolutionary Variational Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Parameter Identification of PMSWG.
- Author
-
Yang Zhang, Mingfeng Zhou, Wenxuan Luo, and Zhun Cheng
- Subjects
PARTICLE swarm optimization ,PARAMETER identification ,PERMANENT magnet motors ,COEVOLUTION ,PERMANENT magnets ,ELECTROMAGNETS - Abstract
Targeting the problems of traditional particle swarm algorithm easily falling into local optimum and low recognition accuracy, an adaptive learning co-evolutionary variational particle swarm optimization algorithm (ALCEVPSO) is proposed in this paper to identify the parameters of permanent magnet synchronous wind generator (PMSWG). At first, an adaptive learning strategy is adopted for the inertia weights of the PSO, and the global optimization seeking ability of the PSO is improved. After that, multiple swarm co-evolution strategies are introduced to share the best positions within sub-populations, and by this method, the algorithm’s falling into local optimality is avoided. Finally, Cauchy Gaussian mixed variants are introduced, and the population diversity is enriched. The proposed method has the advantages of strong optimization ability and high search accuracy compared with the traditional particle swarm algorithm, which is shown by simulated and experimental results. By this method, the motor parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be accurately identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Power Control System.
- Author
-
Huajun Ran, Wenjin Wei, and Yue Gao
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,WIND power ,PERMANENT magnets ,PERMANENT magnet motors ,SLIDING mode control ,WIND speed ,PERMANENT magnet generators ,SYNCHRONOUS electric motors - Abstract
To tackle the slow response and insufficient interference resistance exhibited by permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) under traditional field-oriented control (FOC). This paper proposes an integral sliding mode controller (SMC) to improve the speed loop, and adaptive law is also developed using a nonlinear smooth function to eliminate the chattering phenomenon of the sliding mode control. Meanwhile, an extended state observer is designed to estimate and compensate for the disturbances caused by wind speed uncertainty and system's internal disturbances. Then, model predictive control (MPC) is employed for the current loop to eliminate the overshoot and achieve fast tracking. Finally, a step-by-step model reference adaptive scheme (MRAS) is proposed to identify the parameters and eliminate the internal disturbances in addressing parameter perturbation in the motor during operation. The simulation results demonstrate that the enhanced system exhibits almost no overshoot, superior steady-state performance, quick dynamic response, and resistance to both internal and external disturbances, ultimately validating the efficacy of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Optimization Design of DC Electromagnet Coil Considering the Power Consumption and Cost.
- Author
-
Song, Yanhe, Yang, Liu, Chen, Xin, Zhou, Wentao, Qiu, Tiechao, Hao, Yueyue, Ai, Chao, and Kong, Xiangdong
- Subjects
- *
ELECTROMAGNETS , *ELECTRICITY pricing , *SUPERCONDUCTING coils , *COPPER wire , *VALUE engineering , *ELECTRICAL engineers - Abstract
Electromagnet coil is mainly composed of enameled wire which wound on the coil skeleton, and the function is to convert the electrical signal into a magnetic signal, which is a very important electric‐magnetic conversion element. When designing the electromagnet coil, usually only the total winding turns and winding inner diameter can be calculated, and the specific design parameters such as the diameter of copper wire, paint layer thickness, and winding turns of each layer can only be selected through experience, indicating that the design method should be improved. In addition, the unreasonable design parameters will seriously affect the power consumption and cost of coil, so it is highly necessary to improve the optimization design method. In order to solve the above problems, an optimization design method for DC electromagnet coil is proposed in this paper. This method simultaneously takes into account both power consumption and manufacturing cost, and can achieve the optimal matching of design parameters. In this paper, the structure of electromagnet coil is introduced, and the theoretical calculation model of resistance is improved first. Then, according to the expected requirements of electromagnet coil for steady current, the optimization design method is proposed and the optimal design parameters are obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed optimization design method is verified by the test platform of electromagnet coil. The results show that the electromagnet coil designed by the optimization design method fully meets the expected requirements. The relevant research results can provide reference for the optimization design of electromagnet coil, which has a certain engineering practical value. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. On Neural Observer in Dynamic Sliding Mode Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generator.
- Author
-
Karami-Mollaee, Ali and Barambones, Oscar
- Subjects
PERMANENT magnet generators ,SYNCHRONOUS generators ,PERMANENT magnets ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,WIND power - Abstract
The captured energy of a wind turbine (WT) can be converted into electricity by a generator. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of this system, both the structures of WTs and generators should be considered for control. But the present challenge is WT uncertainty, while the input signals to the generator should be smooth. In this paper, a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is considered. The dynamics of the PMSG can be described using two axes, named d-q reference frameworks, with an input in each framework direction. To obtain the maximum power and to overcome the uncertainty by means of a smooth signal, the dynamic sliding mode controller (D-SMC) is implemented. In the D-SMC, an integrator is placed in the control scheme in order to suppress the chattering, because it acts like a low-pass filter. To estimate the state added by the integrator, a new observer-based neural network (ONN) is proposed. The proof of the stability of the D-SMC and ONN is based on Lyapunov theory. To prove the advantages of the D-SMC, a comparison was also carried out by traditional sliding mode control (T-SMC) with a similar ONN. From this comparison, we know that the advantages of the D-SMC are clear in terms of real implementation, concept, and chattering suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Design and development of electronic switching inelectro magnetic engine.
- Author
-
Prabhu, L., Krishnamoorthi, Sangeetha, Kumar, Amal A., Mathew, Amith, and Babu, Brezen
- Subjects
MAGNETIC control ,MILD steel ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,ENGINES ,PRODUCTION planning ,AUTOMOBILES - Abstract
The electromagnetic piston engine is a kind of reciprocating engine that works on the principle of electromagnetism i.e like poles attract and unlike poles repel each other. The engine consists of the same basic parts as that of a conventional engine, the piston, the connecting rod, the cylinder and the crankshaft. The electromagnet used in this paper is an AC solenoid magnet and the crankshaft, connecting rod are made of mild steel. The piston has a neodymium magnet attached to the top as this magnet is extremely powerful. When the magnet and the solenoid are of opposite poles, the piston attracts moving the solenoid from BDC to TDC. Once the solenoid changes poles and become the same pole as that of the magnet, it repels and pushes the piston from TDC to BDC. The engine built in this paper is a 4 cylinder V4 configuration engine. The results of this experiment and project are that as of now, this engine cannot be used to lift high power loads and cannot be used for large vehicular aspects. However, this engine can be improved in all aspects and with sustainable developments to the engine; this can soon be used as a viable alternative to the actual engine. The advantage of doing so is that companies will not have to change any existing designs and principals in both the planning and manufacturing phases. With just a few updates to their existing manufacturing lines, They can move to an all electric engine setup in the car as the future of automobiles lie in electric vehicles and this engine will help the companies reduce the costs of manufacturing and setup by a huge margin hence increasing profits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Surface Deformation Control of a Ferrofluid-Based Robotic Sheet for Object Handling.
- Author
-
Tone, Tadayuki and Suzuki, Kenji
- Subjects
DEFORMATION of surfaces ,SOFT robotics ,MAGNETIC fluids ,MAGNETIC materials ,SURFACE plates - Abstract
This paper describes the deformation control of a ferrofluid-based robotic sheet for object handling. The ferrofluid sheet consists of ferrofluid wrapped in thin polyethylene sheets and allows us to handle the transport of objects by controlling its deformation due to the characteristics of a ferrofluid. To control sheet deformation, we need to develop the sheet’s mechanical model. Although the mechanical model of the ferrofluid has already been researched, the effect of the polyethylene sheet on the ferrofluid has not been considered. In this paper, we first verify the relationship between the fluid shape in the ferrofluid sheet and the thickness of the sheet on the fluid. Next, we verify the transportation method by making the ferrofluid sheet to move two balls simultaneously and a thin circular plate on its surface. We also confirm the deformation control of this robotic sheet in an alternative configuration. The achievement contributes to the technology for soft robotics and advanced control, opening new aspects for fluid-based 3-D manipulations. Note to Practitioners—This paper is motivated by the problem of manipulation of flexible objects. It is difficult for conventional manipulators to handle flexible objects, such as droplets, because their shapes dynamically deform while being handled. We considered that a flexible system should be able to conform to the object shape. Therefore, we investigate the possible use of a ferrofluid as an actuating component because of its fluidity and peculiar characteristics. A ferrofluid has the characteristics of a fluid and magnetic material; therefore, the fluid gathers around the source of a magnetic field and applies force to an object on it. In this paper, we verify the characteristics of the proposed system as well as the object manipulation. Through characteristic verification, the behavior of our system can be modeled, and the method of object transportation can be systematized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. General overview of the device and physical component of a DC electromagnet.
- Author
-
Abdurakhmonov, Sultonali, Xolmatov, Erkinjon, Sayitov, Shavkat, Otakulov, Bahromjon, Aliyev, Ibratjon, Abdullayev, Jamolitdin, and Oxunov, Dilshod
- Subjects
- *
ELECTROMAGNETIC forces , *ELECTROMAGNETISM , *ELECTROMAGNETS , *PHYSICS - Abstract
The paper considers issues related to the theoretical study of electromagnetic phenomena in a certain stationary coordinate system in various variations. The use of electromagnetic force, controlled, easy to handle, which is applicable in a wide variety of sites and devices. The main attention is directed to the analysis of a number of phenomena from the simplest electrical moments, and also in a more complex understanding are presented as the forces of the most powerful attraction, expressed as a very topical issue. It is these aspects that are considered in this study. Of course, the image of such a performance is precisely the electromagnetic design, the physics of which is built from the initial ideas about electromagnetism. The developed theoretical framework is also used to analyze a large number of phenomena, each of which requires its own analysis in all parameters. The description of the algorithm created at the moment is given in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Micro- and Nanosatellite Sensorless Electromagnetic Docking Control Based on the High-Frequency Injection Method.
- Author
-
Ruan, Guangzheng, Wu, Lijian, Wang, Yaobing, Wang, Bo, and Han, Runqi
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETIC devices ,COMPUTATIONAL electromagnetics ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,NANOSATELLITES ,ROOT-mean-squares - Abstract
This paper proposes a sensorless electromagnetic docking method suitable for micro- and nanosatellites. Based on the circuit model of the electromagnetic docking device, an algorithm for calculating the distance between two satellites on the basis of the high-frequency injection (HFI) method has been developed. In the specific implementation, first, a high-frequency (HF) voltage is injected into one of the two electromagnets; second, the HF currents induced by both electromagnets are measured and their respective root-mean-squares (RMSs) are calculated; third, two RMSs are substituted into a specific formula to obtain a variable carrying distance information; finally, the variable is utilized to calculate the distance estimation using the look-up table interpolation method. This paper presents a closed-loop electromagnetic docking controller which includes an outer distance loop and an inner speed loop and adopts the distance estimation as the feedback. The proposed sensorless electromagnetic docking method is verified by the distance estimation tracking response test and the ground-based docking test. The results indicate that low-impact docking can be achieved under the initial condition that the two satellites have a certain degree of misalignment. The proposed method can be adopted as a primary or as a redundant electromagnetic docking solution for resource-critical micro- and nanosatellites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Dynamic characteristics and experimental study of double layer vibration isolation system.
- Author
-
Wang, M. T., Chai, K., Liu, S. Y., Yang, Q. C., Zhang, T. F., and Shi, W. R.
- Subjects
VIBRATION isolation ,VIBRATION (Mechanics) ,FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems ,RELIABILITY in engineering ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,DYNAMIC models - Abstract
To improve the isolation ability of the existing equipment for low-frequency line spectrum, this paper presents an electromagnetic double-layer vibration isolation system (ED-VIS) for the first time. The negative and positive stiffness values of the ED-VIS are provided by the electromagnet and the linear spring, respectively. To better analyze the vibration isolation system designed in this paper, the dynamic model of the ED-VIS is established, and the effects of damping ratio, excitation force amplitude, and mass ratio on the force transmissibility feature of the isolator are analyzed. Then, the ED-VIS test bench is built, and the low-frequency vibration isolation capability of the ED-VIS is measured by a frequency sweep test. According to the sweep test results, a method to improve the low-frequency vibration isolation capability of the isolator is proposed. Finally, the reliability of the system in isolating low-frequency vibration is verified. The results show that compared with the equivalent linear vibration isolation system, ED-VIS is more sensitive to low-frequency vibration and has a lower initial vibration isolation frequency. Therefore, this paper designs the ED-VIS has better low-frequency vibration isolation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Investigating the electric field distribution in the human brain model induced by a high focality transcranial magnetic coil.
- Author
-
Wang, Yong, Yang, Yonghui, Qi, Yihao, Gong, Enzhong, Zhang, Haiyang, Shi, Liantao, and Li, Zhengguo
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,ELECTRIC fields ,SUPERCONDUCTING coils ,TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation ,COMPUTATIONAL electromagnetics ,ELECTRIC coils - Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique for treating various neurological disorders. The geometry of the TMS coil determines the focality, stimulation field strength, and stimulation depth of the induced electric field. In this paper, we introduce a novel coil, named the eccentric folding coil (EFC). We used Sim4Life, a three-dimensional human tissue medical electromagnetic simulation software, and the brain models of the subjects from the population head model repository to conduct finite element simulations of the eccentric folding coil, circular coil, and figure-eight coil, implying that the largest EFC has a focal area of 19.5 cm
2 less than the smallest circular coil, and the EFC of any size has a smaller focal area than the figure-8 coil of the same size. Furthermore, we stimulated the model from three directions with the coil and measured the electric field responses of the model, confirming that stimulation varied in different directions. Additionally, we applied EFC to four representative human models and found that the electric field in different subjects' brains differed by 3.03 mm in stimulation depth and 12.9 cm2 in focal area, suggesting that personalized human head modeling and electromagnetic analysis are essential for TMS treatment. In the future, we will explore using different types of TMS devices for patients with different conditions to achieve more precise and customized treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Finite Element Modeling and Optimal Design of an Electromagnetic Pneumatic Flow Servo Valve.
- Author
-
Wang, Zedan, Guo, Zixuan, Zhu, Guangyu, Wang, Xin, and Li, Xiao
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,PNEUMATIC-tube transportation ,FINITE element method ,ELECTRON tubes ,INDUSTRIAL robots ,VALVES ,AIR flow - Abstract
The electromagnet pneumatic proportional servo valve is widely used in industrial automation, medical equipment, scientific composition detectors, and other fields that require precise adjustment of high-pressure air flow due to its simple working structure, large output power, large working frequency response, and good control performance. However, the output pressure of the valve is small, making it vulnerable to the impact of the external environment. Based on the practical electromagnet-type pneumatic proportional servo valve, this paper establishes a finite element dynamic mathematical model, conducts finite element analysis on the electromagnet magnetic field in the valve, then improves the structural parameters of the original proportional valve through the analysis of the valve performance parameters and structural optimization, and finally, the physical experiment proves that the optimized electric proportional valve can effectively reduce the hysteresis within the working pressure range and has good response characteristics to step signals. This paper can provide support for performance analysis and structural parameter improvement of the electric proportional valve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Green and Sustainable Rare Earth Element Recycling and Reuse from End-of-Life Permanent Magnets.
- Author
-
Cherkezova-Zheleva, Zara, Burada, Marian, Sobetkii, Anca Elena, Paneva, Daniela, Fironda, Sabina Andreea, and Piticescu, Radu-Robert
- Subjects
RARE earth metals ,PERMANENT magnets ,WASTE recycling ,ELECTRONIC equipment ,ELECTROMAGNETS - Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are key materials for the development of renewable energy devices such as high-power magnets for wind turbines, electric vehicles, or fuel cells for hydrogen generation, aiming to fulfill the objectives of the European Green Deal for a carbon-neutral economy. The increased demand for REEs and their criticality strongly require the improvement of their extraction technologies from primary resources and the enhancement of their circularity reuse rate from secondary resources. The aim of this paper is to focus attention on the possibilities offered by emerging methods such as microwave (MW) treatment and mechanochemistry in waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) processing and the reuse of end-of-life (EoL) magnets, directed toward the tailoring of rational REE material flows. The discussed investigation examples explore some key features of conventional and new methods for efficient, environmentally friendly, and scalable REE extraction and reuse, with the final goal of producing recycled NdFeB powders, with potential use in the redesign and fabrication of new REE-based magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. GRU-ESO Strategy for a Distributed Coil Magnetically Levitated Planar Micromotor.
- Author
-
Du, Chaofan, Ming, Zhengfeng, Ming, Yue, Liu, Ding, Li, Yongzheng, and Zhao, Yuhu
- Subjects
MAGNETIC suspension ,TRACKING control systems ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,STRUCTURAL design ,MICROMOTORS - Abstract
Traditional magnetic levitation planar micromotors suffer from poor controllability, short travel range, low interference resistance, and low precision. To address these issues, a distributed coil magnetically levitated planar micromotor with a gated recurrent unit (GRU)-extended state observer (ESO) control strategy is proposed in this paper. First, the structural design of the distributed coil magnetically levitated planar micromotor employs a separation of levitation and displacement, reducing system coupling and increasing controllability and displacement range. Then, theoretical analysis and model establishment of the system are conducted based on the designed distributed coil magnetically levitated planar micromotor and its working principles, followed by simulation verification. Finally, based on the established system model, a GRU-ESO controller is designed. An ESO feedback control term is introduced to enhance the system's anti-interference capability, and the GRU feedforward compensation control term is used to improve the system's tracking control accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate the reliability of the designed distributed coil magnetic levitation planar micromotor and the effectiveness of the controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Low-cost force-driven modular magnetic actuation system for microswimmer maneuvering.
- Author
-
Kanaparthi, Srikar, Sharanya, S., and Singh, T. Sonamani
- Abstract
Magnetically driven microswimmers have recently received substantial recognition because of their ability to navigate in complex narrow environments and perform micromanipulation and cargo transport. They are envisioned as potential candidates for minimally invasive targeted drug delivery, microsurgery, and in-vivo sensing. Researchers are investigating and developing different variants of magnetic actuation systems based on the types of applications intended, but still, many challenges and issues need to be addressed. In this paper, starting from the very underrated issue which is the total cost of the whole actuation setup, accessibility of the workspace, and modularity of the design are addressed. Beginning with the geometrical designs, 3D printing of the parts, and assembly of the electronic control unit, we proposed a low-cost modular magnetic actuation system. The proposed actuation unit has a flexible (expandable) workspace and a provision to upgrade to different forms of electromagnetic units (paired coils systems, saddle coils, distributed electromagnets, and hybrid design) and mode of actuation. The economical cost of the unit lies in the fabrication of the modular parts by using a low-cost 3D printer (Creality Ender-3 S1), and readily available electronic components. After developing the actuation unit, by using the Hanging drop method and utilizing basic laboratory apparatus (Petri dish and syringes) a 0.98 mm diameter microsphere is fabricated to test the maneuvering capability using a joystick unit on a predesigned narrow channel fluidic environment in low Reynolds number condition ( R e ≈ 10 - 2 ) . In addition, using simulation we demonstrate the control of identical microspheres on a planar workspace. The OBJ files of all the modular parts of the unit and details of the electronic components used are also made available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Design and Analysis of 5-DOF Compact Electromagnetic Levitation Actuator for Lens Control of Laser Cutting Machine.
- Author
-
Zhao, Chuan, Zhang, Qinwei, Pei, Wenzhe, Jin, Junjie, Sun, Feng, Zhang, Hongkui, Zhou, Ran, Liu, Dongning, Xu, Fangchao, Zhang, Xiaoyou, and Yang, Lijian
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETIC actuators ,CUTTING machines ,LASER beam cutting ,LASER machining ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,MAGNETIC actuators ,IMAGE stabilization - Abstract
In laser beam processing, the angle or offset between the auxiliary gas and the laser beam axis have been proved to be two new process optimization parameters for improving cutting speed and quality. However, a traditional electromechanical actuator cannot achieve high-speed and high-precision motion control with a compact structure. This paper proposes a magnetic levitation actuator which could realize the 5-DOF motion control of a lens using six groups of differential electromagnets. At first, the nonlinear characteristic of a magnetic driving force was analyzed by establishing an analytical model and finite element calculation. Then, the dynamic model of the magnetic levitation actuator was established using the Taylor series. And the mathematical relationship between the detected distance and five-degree-of-freedom was determined. Next, the centralized control system based on PID control was designed. Finally, a driving test was carried out to verify the five-degrees-of-freedom motion of the proposed electromagnetic levitation actuator. The results show it can achieve a stable levitation and precision positioning with a desired command motion. It also proves that the proposed magnetic levitation actuator has the potential application in an off-axis laser cutting machine tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A New Type of Hydraulic Clutch with Magnetorheological Fluid: Theory and Experiment.
- Author
-
Musiałek, Karol, Musiałek, Ireneusz, Osowski, Karol, Olszak, Artur, Mikulska, Aneta, Kęsy, Zbigniew, Kęsy, Andrzej, and Choi, Seung-Bok
- Subjects
MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL fluids ,RHEOLOGY ,ROTATING fluid ,MAGNETIC fields ,MAGNETIC cores ,RHEOLOGY (Biology) ,WORKING fluids ,ELECTROMAGNETS - Abstract
This paper presents a new type of hydraulic clutch operating by means of magnetorheological (MR) fluids and the results achieved from both theoretical analysis and experimental measurement. A hydraulic clutch system with MR working fluid and a rotating magnetic field located was designed. The clutch was based on the principle of using a rotating magnetic field created by an alternating current electromagnet to set the MR fluid in motion. To test the hydraulic clutch with a rotating magnetic field, MR fluids were produced by our laboratory, consisting of solid iron particles of various diameters mixed with a silicone oil. With MR working fluid and a rotating magnetic core was designed. The rheological properties of the MR fluids were assessed on the basis of tests carried out with a Brookfield DV2T rheometer equipped with a magnetic device for generating a magnetic field. The characteristics of the hydraulic clutch were tested on a specially built test stand. It was found that the torque transmitted by the clutch increased with the rotational speed of the magnetic field and with a lower rotational speed of the beaker in which the working fluid was placed. It was also found that the greatest torque occurred with the working fluid with the highest iron content. Based on the analysis of the structure and characteristics of the clutch in which the magnetic field is used, it has been shown that the design of the developed clutch is similar to that of an induction clutch, and its characteristics correspond to the characteristics of the eddy current clutch. Therefore, the proposed new clutch with MR fluid and rotating magnetic field can be applied to stationary power transmission systems in a manner similar to an eddy current clutch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Current Regulation in Parallel Combined Winding Bearingless Motors.
- Author
-
Jiang, Yunlei, Torres, Renato Amorim, and Severson, Eric Loren
- Subjects
MAGNETIC suspension ,MAGNETIC torque ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,MOTOR drives (Electric motors) ,MOTORS ,TRANSFER functions ,POWER density ,HARDWARE - Abstract
To improve power density and motor performance, new bearingless motor topologies combine torque and magnetic suspension coils into a single winding. Of these topologies, the parallel dual-purpose no-voltage winding is advantageous from the bearingless drive perspective because it requires the least amount of hardware. However, this topology can result in undesirable current controller performance from cross-coupling effects between the suspension and torque operation. This paper investigates these cross-coupling effects using rotating reference frame theory to derive relevant system disturbance transfer functions. The nature of this coupling is explained in relation to the machine and control parameters (inductances, resistances, controller gains) to provide insights for bearingless machine and control designers. The paper proposes and simulates different compensation techniques to minimize or eliminate the cross-coupling. It is shown that with careful machine design or with proper feedback control compensation, the motor controller can be implemented as a conventional motor drive, without knowledge of the magnetic suspension system. Finally, experimental validation is provided via two prototype machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. A Microforce-Sensing Mobile Microrobot for Automated Micromanipulation Tasks.
- Author
-
Jing, Wuming, Chowdhury, Sagar, Guix, Maria, Wang, Jianxiong, An, Ze, Johnson, Benjamin V., and Cappelleri, David J.
- Subjects
MICRURGY ,DIGITAL cameras ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,TISSUE scaffolds ,OPTICAL microscopes ,CELLULAR mechanics - Abstract
This paper presents a microforce-sensing mobile microrobot ($\mu $ FSMM) for use in automated micromanipulation tasks. The design consists of a planar vision-based microforce sensor end-effector, while the microrobot body is made of chemically etched nickel that is driven by an exterior magnetic field. With a known stiffness, the manipulation forces can be determined from observing the deformation of the end-effector through a camera attached to an optical microscope. After analyzing and calibrating the stiffness of a micromachined prototype, the mobility and in situ force-sensing capabilities are verified through real-time, closed loop, force controlled manipulation tests with automated path planning and navigation. The calibrated stiffness of the microforce sensor end-effectors fabricated is on the order of 10−3 N/m. The online (real time) force-sensing resolution is approximately $1.5~\mu \text{N}$. The sensing range is 0–20 $\mu \text{N}$ along the two planar directions. In automated micromanipulation experiments with a microcomponent, the $\mu $ FSMM utilizes real-time force control to apply a prescribed force of $6~\mu \text{N}$ to a desired location on a fixed microobject. Similarly, in another automated micromanipulation experiment, the $\mu $ FSMM demonstrates the use of real-time force control to limit the manipulation forces experienced by the microobject to remain below a threshold of 12 $\mu \text{N}$. Note to Practitioners—This paper was motivated by recent interest single-cell biological micromanipulation tasks that seek to understand the role of environmental forces on the mechanics of cell development (mechanobiology) and the biological mechanisms that control such behavior (mechanotransduction). In addition, tissue engineering applications require the safe micromanipulation of single cells to desired locations in the workspace for growing tissue scaffolds. The $\mu $ FSMM presented here can be easily inserted into existing biological testbeds to use for these aforementioned applications. The designed magnetic coil system is compatible with standard inverted optical microscopes, while a digital camera for real-time image processing is already standard in these testbeds. The developed software interface can be used to prescribe automated microforce controlled manipulations of single cells and tissues in the workspace to carry out these aforementioned tasks. This paper is also suitable for carrying out general automated micromanipulation and microassembly tasks with advanced manufacturing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Loss and Thermal Analysis for High-Speed Amorphous Metal PMSMs Using 3-D Electromagnetic-thermal Bi-Directional Coupling.
- Author
-
Tong, Wenming, Sun, Ruolan, Li, Shiqi, and Tang, Renyuan
- Subjects
METALLIC glasses ,THERMAL analysis ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,MAGNETS ,TEMPERATURE distribution ,MECHANICAL properties of condensed matter ,BISMUTH - Abstract
To research the impact of temperature-dependent characteristics of windings and magnets on the electromagnetic power loss and thermal properties of high-speed (HS) interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs), an electromagnetic-thermal bi-directional coupling method (BDCM) is proposed for water-cooled HS PMSMs considering the assembling gaps between the motor components in this paper. The electromagnetic power loss is calculated by 3-D transient finite-element method and loaded into the 3-D temperature field according to the actual loss distribution, and the materials’ properties are in turn updated according to the temperature distributions. The loss and temperature calculation results of a 15kW HS amorphous metal PMSM are calculated by two different coupling methods in the conditions of the rated-load sinusoidal supply and converter supply, and compared with the measured results in the case of converter supply. The results obtained by the BDCM are more consistent with the experiment results, verifying the superiority of the proposed analyzing method in improving the calculation accuracy of motor loss and temperature rise. In addition, the applicable conditions of the proposed method are also summarized in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Splice design and electromagnetic analysis of a long-stroke maglev guideway for machine tools.
- Author
-
Xiao, Longxue
- Subjects
MACHINE tools ,ELECTROMAGNETIC forces ,MAGNETIC suspension ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,FINITE element method ,MAGNETIC fields ,MACHINING ,MAGNETISM - Abstract
This paper explores a new structural design of armature splicing to reduce the machining requirements of maglev guideways. The paper presents the magnetically supported structure and working principle of magnetic levitation worktable machine tools. Rectangular tooth splicing structures for extended long-stroke maglev guideways are designed, and corresponding finite element analysis models are established. After calculating the static three-dimensional magnetic field with the help of ANSYS software, the electromagnetic force produced by the magnetic levitation electromagnet group decreases linearly with increasing splice clearance of the armature and increases linearly with the increasing number of splice teeth. The smaller the number of teeth is or the larger the clearance value is, the more pronounced the change is. When the number of teeth, the width of the teeth and the clearance of the splice are kept constant, the electromagnetic force increases with increasing tooth depth, and a change in the tooth width has little effect on the electromagnetic force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Interactive paper that actually speaks!
- Subjects
- *
INFORMATION resources , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *ELECTROMAGNETS - Abstract
The article introduces the first ever interactive paper in Europe. The main features of the interactive paper include the touch sensors and speakers. The modern innovation is released by Mikael Gulliksson of the Mid Sweden University. The interactive paper responses fingertip touch by playing some music clips or speak a certain dialogue. It comprises of 3 centimeter thick wellboard, cardboard base, touch sensors and electromagnet speakers.
- Published
- 2008
42. Numerical and Experimental Study of Critical Currents of YBa2 Cu3 O7–δ Coils With and Without Magnetic Substrates.
- Author
-
Liu, Guanjie, Zhang, Guomin, Liu, Guole, Wang, Haonan, and Jing, Liwei
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,CRITICAL currents ,MAGNETIC flux density ,MAGNETIC tapes ,FINITE element method - Abstract
It has been shown that the substrate magnetism of YBCO tapes affects the critical current, but the role of substrate magnetism in the local critical current of the YBCO coils still needs further study. The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy of the current numerical model of critical current and to investigate the effect of the substrate layer magnetism on the local critical current of YBCO coils. To improve the accuracy of the present model, the contribution of the self-magnetic field to the anisotropy of the critical current and the reduction of the critical current density near the edge of the tape are considered in the finite element model (FEM). The effect of substrate magnetism on the critical current of YBCO coils is investigated experimentally and numerically, and the mechanism is clarified. It can be found that the critical current obtained by the four-lead method for a multi-turn coil is not the arithmetic average of the critical current per turn. And the magnetic flux density on the surface of coils wound by YBCO tapes with magnetic substrate is much higher than that of coils wound by tapes with non-magnetic substrate, but the magnetic flux density on the YBCO layer inside the tape is smaller. Additionally, the critical current per turn of the coil with magnetic substrate is more uniformly distributed compared with that the coil with non-magnetic substrates. The critical current model of YBCO coils developed in this paper can provide a reference for the design and optimization of HTS devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Calculation Method and Characteristic Analysis for Fault Current of Permanent Magnet Direct-Drive Wind Power System considering Positive and Negative Sequence Decomposition.
- Author
-
Li, Botong, Zhong, Qing, Wen, Weijie, Li, Bin, and Chen, Xiaolong
- Subjects
FAULT currents ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,PERMANENT magnets ,WIND power ,POSITIVE systems ,SHORT circuits ,PERMANENT magnet motors ,SHORT-circuit currents - Abstract
In view of the fact that the influence of positive and negative sequence decomposition, which is widely used in positive and negative sequence decoupling control in control system, on the fault current calculation process is not deeply considered in the existing transient analysis methods of permanent magnet direct-drive wind farm short circuit current, this paper proposes a transient short circuit current calculation model that takes into account positive and negative sequence decomposition. The influence of the transient characteristics of positive and negative sequence decomposition on the control system is studied, and the mechanism of its action on the transient change of short circuit current is revealed. The positive and negative sequence decoupling processes of the circuit equation are modified, and the characteristics of the coupling equation are analyzed. The difference in the converter output voltage between the circuit equation and the control equation and the depth of its influence on the calculation process is revealed. On the basis of quantifying the difference at the converter output voltage, the circuit equation and the control equation are combined to form a short-circuit current calculation model with positive and negative sequence decomposition, which accurately characterizes the transient characteristics of fault current under different voltage drops and effectively improves the accuracy of the calculation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Analysis of low saliency ratio and torque characteristics of the fractional slot concentrated winding surface mounted motors.
- Author
-
HONGBO QIU, DONG WANG, CUNXIANG YANG, and KUN WANG
- Subjects
TORQUE ,MAGNETIC circuits ,FINITE element method ,TORQUE control ,PERMANENT magnet motors ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,ELECTRIC inductance - Abstract
In recent years, fractional slot concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motors (FSCW PMSMs) have become a hotspot in the research field. Due to the unique inductance characteristics of the FSCW PMSM, a fast and accurate calculation of the d?q-axis inductance and saliency ratio is necessary. In this paper, a method is proposed to calculate the d?q-axis reactance of the FSCW SPMSM, which constructs the equivalent magnetic circuit model of the d?q-axis armature reaction flux separately, and the saliency ratio characteristics of the FSCW SPMSM were demonstrated. In addition, to meet the high requirements of the modern industries, especially in servo systems, accurate consideration of the effect of stator resistance on torque and electromagnetic performance is important and more applicable. According to the relationship between the vector parameter, the explicit expression of the d?q-axis currents that consider the stator resistance is obtained, and the prediction of load angle at maximum electromagnetic torque is achieved. Then, combined with the finite element method, the influence mechanism of stator resistance on the motor steady-state performance is revealed. Finally, the experimental data are compared with the calculation data, and the correctness of the models and analysis was verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Conductor Losses in Radiofrequency Coils for Magnetic Resonance below 3T: Estimation Methods and Minimization Strategies.
- Author
-
Giovannetti, Giulio, Flori, Alessandra, and Frijia, Francesca
- Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETS ,MAGNETIC resonance ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,RADIO frequency ,SUPERCONDUCTING coils - Abstract
The design of optimized radiofrequency (RF) coils is a fundamental task for maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) applications. An efficient coil should be designed by minimizing the coil noise with respect to the sample noise, since coil conductor resistance affects data quality by reducing the SNR, especially for coils tuned to a low frequency. Such conductor losses strongly depend on the frequency (due to the skin effect) and on the conductor cross-sectional shape (strip or wire). This paper reviews the different methods for estimating conductor losses in RF coils for MRI/MRS applications, comprising analytical formulations, theoretical/experimental hybrid approaches and full-wave simulations. Moreover, the different strategies for minimizing such losses, including the use of Litz wire, cooled and superconducting coils, are described. Finally, recent emerging technologies in RF coil design are briefly reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Miniaturized tunable extended eight-port hybrid coupler for 1.5 T MRI.
- Author
-
Colwell, Zachary A. and Sohn, Sung-Min
- Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,LUMPED elements ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,INSERTION loss (Telecommunication) - Abstract
This paper presents a miniaturized, tunable, high-power, eight-port hybrid coupler, based on a lumped element hybrid coupler topology. The 90° hybrid couplers are ubiquitous elements used for feeding RF coils in quadrature in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. Due to the low Larmor frequency (64 MHz) of 1.5 T MRI, distributed elements are too large for practical circuits to drive multi-port RF coils. Thus, miniaturization with MRI-compatible, non-magnetic, and high-power components is necessary. First, a miniaturized hybrid coupler is proposed for MRI systems with non-magnetic variable capacitors. Afterwards, the miniaturization methodology is applied to develop an eight-port coupler, capable of supporting both a transmit and a receive quadrature RF coil system. The high-power (up to 1 kilowatt) extended coupler measures 10 cm × 6 cm. Test results show that each port has a return loss of more than 16 dB, each input-isolated port is isolated by more than 24 dB, and each output has an insertion loss of less than 2.5 dB and output phases of 0.0°, 90.8°, 182.1°, and 278.7°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Deep drawing formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy based on magnetorheological elastomer support.
- Author
-
Dai, Y., Fu, Z., and Liu, X.
- Subjects
MAGNETORHEOLOGY ,MAGNESIUM alloys ,ELASTOMERS ,ELECTROMAGNETIC induction ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,MAGNETISM - Abstract
In this paper, the flexible support mould is designed by using magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) to assist in the deep-drawing of magnesium alloys. Based on the magnesium alloy mechanical tensile test and magnetorheological elastomer regular force experiments, the deep-drawing process of AZ31 magnesium alloy supported by support mould was numerically simulated by finite-element analysis software ABAQUS. By varying the current input to the excitation coil to change the magnetic induction intensity and thus adjust the magnetic normal force of the magnetorheological elastomer, then using magnetic normal force to complete the auxiliary sheet metal deep-drawing. The results show that, compared with the unsupported mould, the supported mould can effectively reduce the maximum thinning rate of magnesium alloy on the original basis, thus effectively increasing the ultimate depth of magnesium alloy deep-drawing. It can replace the original buffer device, effectively solution the problem of pulling and cracking at the bottom of magnesium alloy caused by the original excessive damping force, and improve the yield rate of workpiece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Comparative Cost Functions Analysis in the Construction of a Reference Angular Motion Implemented by Magnetorquers.
- Author
-
Okhitina, Anna, Tkachev, Stepan, and Roldugin, Dmitry
- Subjects
COST functions ,COST analysis ,ISOSTASY ,GEOMAGNETISM ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,PARTICLE swarm optimization ,SWARM intelligence ,ORBITS of artificial satellites - Abstract
This paper considers a construction procedure of a satellite reference angular motion in the vicinity of an unstable gravitational equilibrium position. The satellite is stabilized on the reference trajectory by the magnetic coils. The problem is solved in several stages. An optimization problem to be solved by the particle swarm optimization method is formulated at each stage. Cost functions are based on the linearized model analysis. The main stage is the construction of a special reference motion, which provides the minimum control torque projection on the geomagnetic induction vector. Optimal geomagnetic field dipole approximation for a given time interval is considered to reduce tracking errors. The paper compares combinations of different cost functions in terms of the terminal attitude accuracy in the presence of perturbations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Adaptive odd repetitive control for magnetically suspended rotor harmonic currents suppression.
- Author
-
Zhang, Yue, Zhou, Jin, Han, Xiaoming, and Zhou, Yang
- Subjects
MAGNETIC bearings ,MAGNETIC suspension ,ROTATING machinery ,ELECTROMAGNETS ,ROTORS ,GENERALIZED integrals ,ITERATIVE learning control - Abstract
Magnetic levitation rotating machinery has been widely used in industrial applications. Odd harmonic currents in the active magnetic bearing coils, which are caused by rotor mass unbalance and sensor runout, increase the power consumption and the base vibration. Repetitive control has recently been used to suppress harmonic currents in magnetic bearing systems. However, repetitive control needs the rotor rotational speed information and has some limitations without a speed sensor. In this paper, an adaptive odd repetitive control which does not need the speed sensors is proposed to suppress the active magnetic bearing odd harmonic currents. Compared to the conventional repetitive control, the second-order generalized integral frequency-locked loop is applied in adaptive odd repetitive control to estimate the rotor speed in real time without additional speed sensors. The magnetically suspended rotor with harmonic disturbances is modeled. The work principle, structure, and design of the adaptive odd repetitive control are addressed. The simulation and experiments are carried out on a rotor active magnetic bearing test rig to validate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive odd repetitive control, and the results show that the active magnetic bearing odd harmonic currents are well suppressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Cableless Magnetic Actuator Capable of High-Speed Transport in a Curved Pipe.
- Author
-
Yaguchi, Hiroyuki, Konno, Yuta, and Sano, Hiroaki
- Subjects
MAGNETIC actuators ,ELECTRIC currents ,ELECTRIC power ,PIPING ,SHIPPING containers ,PIPE - Abstract
This paper proposes a new cableless transportation system that associates a magnetic actuator with the piping system in which it travels. To achieve high-speed transport within the pipe, the proposed actuator must show excellent movement characteristics. An aluminum pipe was cut in half longitudinally, and an alternating current was passed through the cut piping. The proposed cableless actuator powered by an electric current supplied by an electric brush was demonstrated to be capable of high-speed movement in a curved pipe. A scheme of attaching a cargo container to a nodal point of the actuator using a flexible rod was also proposed. The experimental results show that the actuator can be driven through the pipe even when the curved pipe is nearly U-shaped. Furthermore, the cableless actuator transporting a cargo mass of 30 g can be driven at a speed of 87.9 cm/s in a curved aluminum pipe with a curvature angle of 22.5°. The method established in this paper is considered to be applicable to the high-speed transport of lightweight reagents, bacteria, and microfluidic chips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.