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This paper addresses issues involved in creating the introduction section of IMRAD science research papers in the English language. The introduction is considered as an independent text, which contains comprehensive information about the entire research. The basic principles of the structure and composition of the introduction are described in terms of the requirements imposed by modern peer!reviewed scientific journals. The suggested approach can also be useful when writing an introduction in other languages.Keywords: science research paper introduction, academic text, writing academic

The paper considers a burning for young researchers question how to write a scientific paper in the Russian and English languages. Since the requirements, recommendations and guidelines on the scientific paper structure presented in scientific and academic literature are mainly miscellaneous and often controversial, the author proposes to solve the problem using an invariant "Intergenre model of scientific text" providing a writer with a universal and basic algorithm for text generating activity.

As a mechanism to ensure quality education and services in the state colleges and universities in the Philippines, ISO certification entails embracing challenges and adopting strategies for the sustainable implementation of quality management systems, policies, and procedures. This descriptive study looked into the strategies employed, the challenges encountered and the changes observed by one state college during ISO certification. A total of 84 college officials, faculty members, and staff were requested to answer a questionnaire. Responses were validated through an interview among selected participants. Results revealed the respondents’ positive perception towards ISO certification; the institution’s employment of consultant, conducting seminars, trainings, internal audits, and management review, and implementation of ISO-aligned policies and procedures as strategies; conduct of orientations, dissemination of information, time management, provision of necessary resources and commitment of top management to address challenges on lack of awareness, resistance to change, conflict in schedule, insufficient knowledge on ISO standards and implementation of policies and procedures; and improvement in the school image, customer satisfaction, communication, and implementation of policies and procedures as observed changes. Hence, the respondents’ perception, strategies, and actions to address the challenges helped the institution acquire and benefit from ISO certification.

The present work, part of a broader master's research, aims to carry out a review of research involving the teaching and learning of the concept of energy in annals of the National Meeting of Teaching Chemistry (ENEQ), using elements of scientometrics, analysis tool for scientific production based on numerical and statistical indicators. To trace the scientometric profile and identify a panorama of the production, we consulted the annals of the last five editions of the event, finding a total of 77 works, of which 25 constituted the universe of the research after refinement of the descriptors and were analyzed from the general indicators, content, authorship and reference. The results show the non-existence of a standard regarding the number of works per edition, similarity between the words used in titles and keywords, excessive number of authors in some works and predominance of articles in periodicals and books in the references.

To discuss person-centred care in nursing education and the role of online pedagogy to facilitate meaninful learning. The core principles and values of person-centred care are at the centre of national and international healthcare education. Person-centred care recognises partnerships and relationships between nurses, healthcare practitioners and individual patients, carers and their families and part of the training of healthcare professionals. However, the literature on how person-centred care is taught to facilitate meaningful learning in nursing education particularly in the context of online pedagogy is limited. A critical discussion paper. A critical discussion of person-centred care and online pedagogy that can facilitate teaching practices are presented, drawing on authors' positionality and case exemplars. Teaching person-centred care using online pedagogy appears to have a promising impact on undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students' experiences. Engaging students in critical examination and reflection on the complexities of person-centred care in practice creates meaningful experiential learning for both students and educators. Evidence suggests that the use of online pedagogy is a beneficial and effective way to incorporate the teaching of person-centred care into nursing education, yet more evidence is needed to evaluate its impact on nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explain the competence of lecturers as a supervisor for the final paper in the Office Administration Study Program of Universitas Indonesia (UI). This research approach used is a quantitative method, which focuses on the use of numbers, tables, and graphs to display the results of the data obtained. To obtain data, the authors distribute questionnaires with several questions to the object of research. This research population is the class student 2016 of the office administration study program who worked on the final paper (tugas karya akhir or TKA). Four aspects of competency were tested in this study: Pedagogical Competency, Professional Competency, Social Competency, and Personality Competency. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the lecturers of the Office Administration Study Program in UI as supervisor the final paper is categorized as competent.

Knowledge is acquired as an interdisciplinary process, that is, it establishes a link between different disciplines. An activity that can be used as an integrating activity is paper chromatography, which consists of a physical-chemical analysis process for separating mixtures. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyse the application of paper chromatography as an interdisciplinary method for teaching Biology, Physics and Chemistry, for the 1st year of High School at a school in Itacoatiara, Amazonas. The study is quali-quantitative type, carried out at a state school called Professor Mirtes Rosa Mendes de Mendonça Lima, in three classes of the 1st Year of High School, with a class named control and two participants. A previous questionnaire was applied to both classes, followed by a theoretical class and a second questionnaire for control and theoretical class, experimental activity and a second questionnaire for the participant class. The percentage of correct answers among the questionnaires was evaluated by Analysis of Variance – ANOVA. In total, 62 students from the three classes participated. From the results obtained, it was possible to verify that there was improvement in the students' understanding of the contents of Chemistry and Physics, however, there the same did not happen for Biology. The ANOVA results show that, when comparing the correctness of the questionnaires, there was no difference between the control group and the participating classes. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that paper chromatography is a facilitating activity for the integration and learning of the contents of Physics and Chemistry; and that the chromatography experimental activity did not contribute to the understanding of the content in relation to the traditional class, however, it developed a greater motivation and participation of the students.

Abstract Background The EAPC White Paper addresses the issue of spiritual care education for all palliative care professionals. It is to guide health care professionals involved in teaching or training of palliative care and spiritual care; stakeholders, leaders and decision makers responsible for training and education; as well as national and local curricula development groups. Methods Early in 2018, preliminary draft paper was written by members of the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) spiritual care reference group inviting comment on the four core elements of spiritual care education as outlined by Gamondi et al. (2013) in their paper on palliative care core competencies. The preliminary draft paper was circulated to experts from the EAPC spiritual care reference group for feedback. At the second stage feedback was incorporated into a second draft paper and experts and representatives of national palliative care organizations were invited to provide feedback and suggest revisions. The final version incorporated the subsequent criticism and as a result, the Gamondi framework was explored and critically revised leading to updated suggestions for spiritual care education in palliative care. Results The EAPC white paper points out the importance of spiritual care as an integral part of palliative care and suggests incorporating it accordingly into educational activities and training models in palliative care. The revised spiritual care education competencies for all palliative care providers are accompanied by the best practice models and research evidence, at the same time being sensitive towards different development stages of the palliative care services across the European region. Conclusions Better education can help the healthcare practitioner to avoid being distracted by their own fears, prejudices, and restraints and attend to the patient and his/her family. This EAPC white paper encourages and facilitates high quality, multi-disciplinary, academically and financially accessible spiritual care education to all palliative care staff.

Abstract This commentary brings the 2017–2019 thematic series What is Chiropractic? to a close. The 18 papers published in the series contribute to a better understanding of what chiropractic is, where chiropractors practice and function, who seeks their care, what chiropractors do, and how they interact with other healthcare professionals. Several papers in the series highlighted deeply rooted disagreements within chiropractic about fundamental issues pertaining to ideology, acceptance of scientific evidence as the basis for clinical practice and the future of chiropractic. If the chiropractic profession is to remain relevant in today’s evidence-based healthcare environment, there is an urgent for the profession to undertake further research to describe what chiropractic is, what chiropractors do, and provide evidence for the value of these activities to patients and healthcare decision makers.

Consider for a moment the rate of advancement in the scientific understanding of DNA. It is formidable; from Fredrich Miescher’s nuclein extraction in the 1860s to Rosalind Franklin’s double helix X-ray in the 1950s to revolutionary next-generation sequencing in the late 2000s. Now consider the scientific paper, the medium used to describe and publish these advances. How is the scientific paper advancing to meet the needs of those who generate and use scientific information? We review four essential qualities for the scientific paper of the future: (i) a robust source of trustworthy information that remains peer reviewed and is (ii) communicated to diverse users in diverse ways, (iii) open access, and (iv) has a measurable impact beyond Impact Factor. Since its inception, scientific literature has proliferated. We discuss the continuation and expansion of practices already in place including: freely accessible data and analytical code, living research and reviews, changes to peer review to improve representation of under-represented groups, plain language summaries, preprint servers, evidence-informed decision-making, and altmetrics.

Pen-and-Paper-Rollenspiele sind zwar seit den 1970er-Jahren Teil einer globalen Spielkultur mit bedeutendem Einfluss auf moderne Computerspielgenres, aus deutschdidaktischer Perspektive sind sie jedoch noch keiner genaueren Betrachtung unterzogen worden, obwohl sie hohe Anforderungen an verschiedene literarische Teilkompetenzen der Partizipierenden stellen. Der Beitrag möchte die literaturdidaktischen Potenziale des Pen-and-Paper-Rollenspiels auf Basis seiner Beschaffenheit und seiner Funktionen skizzieren – allerdings nicht vornehmlich aus einer theoretischen Perspektive, sondern aus der Reflexion der praktischen Erfahrung. Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie wurden daher mit Hilfe von Leitfrageninterviews Rollenspie-ler*innen befragt, um einerseits die Faszination am Spiel transparent machen zu können und um andererseits durch die Klassifizierung des Rollenspiels als außerschulische literale Praxis die Nähe zu Rezeptions- und Produktionsformen von Literatur aufzudecken. Die Ergebnisse der Studie werden vor dem Hintergrund einer möglichen Integration in den Deutschunterricht kontextualisiert und es wird der Stellenwert des Pen-and-Paper-Rollenspiels für ein zunehmend medienkonvergent in Erscheinung tretendes Handlungsfeld Literatur (Kepser/Abraham 2016) diskutiert.

This paper focuses on referential coherence, which is seen as a crucial attribute of effective academic writing. Findings are reported from a corpus study of Russian students’ research proposals. The learners’ use of anaphoric expressions is compared with a reference corpus, which comprises research articles published in peer-reviewed journals. It was hypothesised that learners use anaphora less frequently than professional writers and face some difficulties when using anaphoric expressions. The results of the analysis partly confirmed the hypothesis and allowed the identification of particular problems connected with the students’ use of anaphoric expressions, which were then classified into several groups. Examples of exercises aimed at dealing with the identified problems are also provided. It is hoped that the reported findings, as well as the author’s suggested reasons for the problems and possible ways of dealing with them, will be useful for EAP practitioners, researchers, and students writing their research papers in English.

The study consists of two parts. The first is to describe the moves, the language function, the most dominant language function, and verbs of process function in the abstracts. The second is to explain how the linguistic elements (grammatical categories), three modalities (certain, probable, and possible), and the non-linguistic elements support the rhetorical and logical moves and the language functions operating in the abstracts. As it is a genre analysis of international conference paper abstracts, the data were taken from the specific discourse community of international conference paper abstracts of SEAAIR conference. Theoretically, this study contributes to a fuller understanding of research on genre of international conference paper abstracts, particularly written by the discourse community of SEAAIR.

Localist identity or preference for local identity to national identity is likely to be susceptible to situational exposure. In the Chinese metropolis of Hong Kong, as the yellow ribbon is the icon of localism, yellow paper used in the questionnaire is likely to induce the localist identity. This inducement is the focus of the present study of 527 Hong Kong college students. Results reveal that the student given a yellow paper questionnaire reported a significantly stronger local, Hongkonger identity than did the other given a questionnaire of another color. Moreover, local and localist identities reported were significantly stronger and national, Chinese identity reported was weaker in the student from poorer family background given the yellow questionnaire than in the other. That is, family income per capita reduced the color cueing effects on identities. These results imply the situational influence of iconic color on youth's identities and resultant social impacts. Keywords: iconic color; national identity; local identity; localist identity; color cueing, National identity (e.g., regarding oneself as a Chinese person) and local identity (e.g., regarding oneself as a resident of a city such as Hongkonger) often contrast each other (Hakim et [...]