602 results
Search Results
2. Telecommunications Policy Research Conference. International Trade Issues Section. Papers.
- Author
-
Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Inc., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
Two papers consider the effects and advantages of a nation's development of a modern information technology. The first paper, "Information, Information Technology, Modern Telecommunications and Economic Growth: A Case Study of New Zealand" (Herbert S. Dordick), examines the effects of information technology on the economies of such nations as New Zealand, whose position in the world economy will be threatened unless they are able to make significant investments in information technology that will lead to higher productivity, innovations in both products and process, and new market growth. Eight tables and nine references are provided. The second paper, "From Public Access to Private Connections: Network Policy and National Advantage" (Francois Bar and Michael Borrus) examines the changes being brought about in the United States, France, and Japan by business' increased access to private telecommunications networks. The text is supplemented with 44 footnotes. (Author/EW)
- Published
- 1987
3. Social Sciences in Asia II: Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Nepal. Reports and Papers in the Social Sciences, No. 33.
- Author
-
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).
- Abstract
The document focuses on social science teaching and research in Afghanistan, Japan, Indonesia, Korea, and Nepal. One chapter is devoted to each of the five nations. The first chapter suggests that social science has not played a major role in the socioeconomic development of Afghanistan because most Afghans favor traditional ways of thinking. The chapter on Indonesia traces social science research from the eighth century through establishment of social science faculties by Dutch colonizers and to modern times--characterized by computer research and individualized curriculum for university students. The chapter on Japan stresses rapidly expanding social science research activities to meet the needs of increasing numbers of students and others who demand social science information particularly in areas of sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and interdisciplinary studies. The chapter on Korea identifies law, economics, and political science as the most popular fields of social science and indicates that a major research need is interaction between scholars from developed and developing nations. The final chapter, which discusses Nepal, emphasizes that, although basic social science disciplines are offered at the University of Katmandu and at several specialized institutes, social science is an underdeveloped area with few resources, outdated curriculum, and a lack of creative teachers. (Author/DB)
- Published
- 1976
4. Toward a High-Wage, High-Productivity Service Sector. Background Paper: Service Sector Wages, Productivity and Job Creation in the U.S. and Other Countries.
- Author
-
Economic Policy Inst., Washington, DC., Thurow, Lester, and Waldstein, Louise
- Abstract
This document contains two essays: "Toward a High-Wage, High-Productivity Service Sector" by Lester Thurow; and "Service Sector Wages, Productivity and Job Creation in the U.S. and Other Countries" by Louise Waldstein. The first essay analyzes the recent and currrent U.S. economy under headings called Growth Nodes, Falling Productivity, and Lower Wages. Under the heading Looking Forward, likely future economic conditions are outlined. Endnotes and a 15-item bibliography complete this section. After an introduction, the second essay examines the nature of U.S. service sector growth by analyzing its most important components and by comparing U.S. performance to that of several sectors in other comparable industrialized countries (France, Germany, and Japan). Drawing on those analyses, the various examinations of service sector growth are assessed. References, the sources for the 27 tables used, and a 70-item bibliography conclude the document. (CML)
- Published
- 1989
5. Results from the Test of Economic Literacy in Germany and Japan: A Critical Discussion on the Gender Effect
- Author
-
Happ, Roland, Kato, Maki, and Rüter, Ines
- Abstract
University lecturers and coordinators of business and economics courses around the world are faced with the challenge that beginning students in these courses have heterogeneous entry conditions in terms of personal characteristics. This article focuses on the economic knowledge of German and Japanese beginning students in a business and economics degree programme. The German and Japanese versions of the US-American Test of Economic Literacy were used for the assessment of the economic knowledge of German (N = 901) and Japanese (N = 571) students. The TEL consists of 45 items in two questionnaire versions and is based on 20 globally accepted core standards of economics. The analyses in this paper are based on the total score of all 45 items of the TEL as well as the subscores for the 20 standards. A special focus of this paper is on gender-specific differences in economic knowledge. While gender has a strong effect on economic knowledge in Germany, only a small number of the core standards in Japan exhibit a difference between male and female test takers. The paper concludes by applying interpretative approaches to the different findings in both countries and suggests potential methods for further research on the gender effect in economics education.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. END 2016: International Conference on Education and New Developments. Conference Proceedings (Ljubljana, Slovenia, June 12-14, 2016)
- Author
-
World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal) and Carmo, Mafalda
- Abstract
We are delighted to welcome you to the International Conference on Education and New Developments 2016--END 2016, taking place in Ljubljana, Slovenia, from 12 to 14 of June. Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. Our International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. Our goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2016 received 489 submissions, from 53 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference, 133 submissions (27% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Dr. Mojca Juriševic, Associate Professor of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, to whom we express our most gratitude. Also, we give a special thanks to Professor Emerita Nina K. Buchanan, PhD, University of Hawaii, USA and Professor Emeritus Robert A. Fox, PhD, University of Hawaii, USA for the special talk entitled "The Search for New Educational Forms in the United States and its International Implications." This volume is composed by the proceedings of the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2016), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.) and had the help of our respected co-sponsor and media partner that we reference in the dedicated page. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also covers different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity; Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change, Corporate Education. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. (Individual papers contain references.)
- Published
- 2016
7. JAPAN'S PAPER PRODUCTION DOWN.
- Subjects
ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,RESEARCH ,ECONOMIC recovery ,PAPER coatings ,CARDBOARD ,PAPER industry ,IMPORTS ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Discusses Japan Paper Association's report that paper production has declined due to slow economic recovery. Amount of paper and paperboard production in tons; Impact of coated paper import on domestic production rate.
- Published
- 2004
8. Questioning Centre-Periphery Platforms
- Author
-
Postiglione, Gerard A.
- Abstract
How much is hegemony and how much is self-determination in the higher education systems in Southeast Asia? This paper argues that while the question of centre and periphery is still relevant to the analysis of international university systems, the analytical frameworks from which it has arisen may lose viability in the long term. Southeast Asian states are making use of higher education to act in ways that will contribute to the altering of their peripheral position in the global economic and political system. While changes in Southeast Asian higher education are closely tied to global markets and follow what sometimes appears to be a dependent pattern of adaptations driven by Western developed economies, the paper argues that there is also a significant amount of resistance. As Southeast Asian countries adapt in ways that help embed economic globalisation within their national landscape, the manner in which the adaptation occurs is more selective, open, and democratic than before. Moreover, while global communication with core (centre) university systems has been more open and transparent, the system is closed to direct intervention from the outside, making hegemony a less plausible explanation for the manner in which the system is reacting within the new global environment of financial interdependency.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Need for Private Universities in Japan to Be Agents of Change
- Author
-
Zhang, Rong and McCornac, Dennis C.
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine a number of current innovations made by private higher educational institutions in Japan to counter decreased enrollments and financial constraints. Design/methodology/approach: The design of this study is both descriptive and conceptual, based on the latest data available. Additional information was obtained through informal surveys of private institutions. Findings: Efforts on all fronts will be required to resolve some of the more glaring problems facing private higher education in Japan today. While some of the factors contributing to the deterioration of educational standards, such as the economy and demographic changes are beyond the control of the institutions themselves, efforts to staunch the rapid deterioration of educational quality are essential. Renovation in Japanese private university higher education should start with improvements in teaching and faculty development. Private universities must realize that reinvigorating the system will need the cooperation of both faculty members and administrators if universities are to survive in the new economic and social environment. Originality/value: This paper highlights the need for private universities to be the agents of change to address the dire straits of higher education in Japan and it is imperative that new and innovative approaches be implemented. (Contains 9 figures. A list of further reading is included)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. White Paper on International Economy & Trade 2017 -- Summary: By Policy Planning & Research Office, Trade Policy Bureau, Ministry of Economy, Trade & Industry (METI).
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,GROSS domestic product ,SMALL business ,JAPANESE economic policy ,GINI coefficient ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Published
- 2017
11. Mobility Principle among Japanese Professors: Based on the Example of Professors in the Economics Field
- Author
-
Yano, Masaharu and Tomita, Junichi
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the actual conditions of Japanese professors' mobility and to carry out an analysis of the principle on which university researcher mobility is based and of the relationship between mobility and research performance. Design/methodology/approach: Using the Japanese university researcher database which covered job title, research background, research publication performance and so on, the study analyzed the relationship between mobility and the publication rate before/after move. Findings: The paper finds that moves from a research to an education university rarely occur. Moves from an education to a research university, on the other hand, occur with relative frequency. To achieve a move, a high publication rate is required. Post-move publication rate increased greatly for those who moved from an education to a research university and also those who moved from an education university to another education university. Research limitations/implications: In Japan, company employees make decisions depending on expectations of further fulfilment in their companies rather than on mercenary calculations of present best interests. It was discovered that researchers have a desire to move to a better university or one with a better research environment for a brighter future. It is thought that while company employees depend upon the future within the firm, professors depend upon the future within the academic community. Originality/value: Up to now the relationship between mobility and research performance of professors is not necessarily clear in Japan. In this study of the economics field it has become more apparent. (Contains 2 tables, 1 figure and 2 notes.)
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Japan: The Modernization of an Ancient Culture. Series on Public Issues No. 3.
- Author
-
Wolken, Lawrence C.
- Abstract
This booklet, one of a series of booklets intended to apply economic principles to major social and political issues of the day, traces the modernization of the ancient culture of Japan. Four major areas are covered: (1) "An Ancient Culture" covers the period from the first settling of Japan through the Heian period, the medieval ages, the Meiji restoration, and the development of Japan as a world power. (2) "Postwar Japan" covers the rebuilding of Japan, economic recovery, and social and political change. (3) "Contemporary Japan" deals with Japanese industry, lifetime employment, labor unions and management, production innovations, domestic problems, environmental and social issues, farm subsidies, and budget deficits. (4) "United States-Japan Relations" covers Japanese concerns, trade frictions from the Japanese perspective, government subsidies, Japanese protectionist measures, agriculture, and national defense. A concluding section stresses the need to remove all trade barriers in an atmosphere of mutual understanding. (IS)
- Published
- 1983
13. Strategic Research Partnerships: Proceedings from an NSF Workshop (Washington, D.C., October 13, 2000). Special Report.
- Author
-
National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA. Div. of Science Resources Studies., Jankowski, John E., Link, Albert N., and Vonortas, Nicholas S.
- Abstract
This document contains the proceedings from the National Science Foundation (NSF) Workshop on Strategic Research Partnerships. Papers include: (1) "Strategic Research Partnerships: Results of the Workshop" (Albert N. Link and Nicholas S. Vonortas); (2) "Strategic Research Partnerships: Evidence and Analysis" (Stephen Martin); (3) "Strategic Research Partnerships and Economic Performance: Data Consideration" (Donald Siegel); (4) "Inter-Firm Partnerships--An Overview of Major Trends and Patterns Since 1960" (John Hagedoorn); (5) "Using Cooperative R&D Agreements as S&T Indicators: What Do We Have and What Would We Like?" (David C. Mowery); (6) "Strategic Research Linkages and Small Firms" (David B. Audretsch); (7) "Strategic Research Alliances and 360 Degree Bibliometric Indicators" (Diana Hicks and Francis Narin); (8) "Strategic Research Partnerships in Biotechnology" (Maryann P. Feldman); (9) "Strategic Research Partnerships: Their Role, and Some Issues of Measuring Their Extent and Outcomes--Experiences from Europe and Asia" (Mark Dodgson); (10) "Strategic Research Partnerships in Japan: Empirical Evidence" (Mariko Sakakibara); (11) "Strategic Research Partnerships: What We Have Learned?" (John T. Scott); (12) "Constructing Indicators of Strategic Research Partnerships" (Barry Bozeman and James S. Dietz); and (13) "Technology Innovation Indicators Surveys" (John A. Hansen). (YDS)
- Published
- 2001
14. Gender Effects in Assessment of Economic Knowledge and Understanding: Differences among Undergraduate Business and Economics Students in Germany, Japan, and the United States
- Author
-
Brückner, Sebastian, Förster, Manuel, Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia, Olga, Happ, Roland, Walstad, William B., Yamaoka, Michio, and Asano, Tadayoshi
- Abstract
Gender effects in large-scale assessments have become an increasingly important research area within and across countries. Yet few studies have linked differences in assessment results of male and female students in higher education to construct-relevant features of the target construct. This paper examines gender effects on students' economic content knowledge with a focus on construct-relevant explanations. Moreover, we compare gender effects cross-nationally between Germany, Japan, and the United States. To assess economic content knowledge of higher education students, we used translated, adapted, and validated versions of the Test of Understanding in College Economics (TUCE, 4th ed.), an instrument that is commonly used internationally. We found gender effects on test scores in all three countries; effects were larger in Germany and the United States than in Japan. Gender effects were generally more pronounced on the numeracy subscale than on the literacy subscale, that is, male students had a greater edge over female students when items required calculations. In our conclusion, we discuss how numeracy and literacy items may tap different abilities.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. U.S.-Japanese Relations.
- Author
-
McCannon, Bob
- Abstract
Disagrees with the tone and conclusions of the special section on United States-Japan relations in the November-December, 1991 issue. Contends that the national interests of the United States were ignored to avoid "Japan Bashing" over trade and other economic issues. Calls for a more realistic view of Japan's trade policies toward the United States. (CFR)
- Published
- 1993
16. Group Learning as Relational Economic Activity
- Author
-
Saito, Eisuke and Atencio, Matthew
- Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss group learning in line with economic perspectives of embeddedness and integration emanating from the work of Karl Polanyi. Polanyi's work defines economy as a necessary interaction among human beings for survival; the economy is considered inextricably linked from broader society and social relations rather than autonomous and driven by self-interest in free market conditions. He specifically outlines three key forms of integration that are crucial to economic stability, involving the notions of reciprocity, redistribution, and exchange. These patterns of integration are described as key elements that co-mingle within and structure contemporary group learning within classrooms.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. [Immigration in the world economy].
- Author
-
Sassen S
- Subjects
- Asia, Demography, Developed Countries, Asia, Eastern, Japan, Population, Population Dynamics, Economics, Emigration and Immigration
- Published
- 1995
18. Generalized Trust and Trust in Institutions in Confucian Asia
- Author
-
Tan, Soo Jiuan and Tambyah, Siok Kuan
- Abstract
This study examines generalized trust and trust in institutions in Confucian Asia, covering six countries namely, China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam, and one dependent region, Hong Kong. Using data from the 2006 AsiaBarometer Survey, our study affirms the reliability and validity of using a two-item scale to measure generalized trust. Our analysis suggests that due to demographic differences, there are variations in the level of generalized trust of countries in Confucian Asia, despite the fact that these societies share a similar background in Confucian philosophy. The relationships between generalized trust and political trust, and between generalized trust and trust in public institutions, are weak but positive. The positive relationship between generalized trust and trust in economic institutions is only significant for some of the economies, while trust in international institutions has the weakest relationship with generalized trust for all societies. We conclude the paper with research implications.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. A Stay-Rich View of the New Global Economy
- Abstract
Major demographic changes around the world. Disproportionate sovereign debt. A shift from North America, Western Europe, and Japan to emerging economies as centers of growth. Unprecedented levels of market risk and volatility. The structure of the global economy is undergoing significant changes. Michael Oyster, managing principal of Fund Evaluation Group, explored this topic with Sam DeRosa-Farag, principal of the investment team at Morgan Creek Capital Management, and Stephen Wood, chief market strategist at Russell Investments.
- Published
- 2011
20. Advances in Technology, Education and Development
- Author
-
Kouwenhoven, Wim and Kouwenhoven, Wim
- Abstract
From 3rd to 5th March 2008 the International Association of Technology, Education and Development organised its International Technology, Education and Development Conference in Valencia, Spain. Over a hundred papers were presented by participants from a great variety of countries. Summarising, this book provides a kaleidoscopic view of work that is done, all over the world in (higher) education, characterised by the key words "Education" and "Development." The editor wishes the reader an enlightening experience. This book contains the following chapters: (1) Professional Prerequisites for Japanese Sea Officers--Professional Training School Requirements (Olivia C. Ogawa); (2) Improving General Cross-Curricular Skills in Attendance and Virtual Environments (Guadalupe Ortiz); (3) Smart Classroom Technology (Ciaran O'Driscoll); (4) Adaptive M-Learning (Ivan Carlos Alcantara de Oliveira and Jose Roberto de A. Amazonas); (5) Dynamic Mathematical Learning Tools: Does It Work For Malaysian Classroom Learners? (Rohani Ahmad Tarmizi, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub and Kamariah Abu Bakar); (6) On the Return to Geometry in Lecturing Technology (Francisco Mesa, Luis M. Marin and Antonio Gamez); (7) Delivering Synchronous and Asynchronous Educational Material in Conservation Science Using Various Communication Channels (Ioannis A. Kozaris and Evangelia A. Varella); (8) Impact of the New Economy on Business Informatics Education (Pere Tumbas, Otilija Sedlak and Predrag Matkovic); (9) Applying New Educational Methodologies in Overcrowded Groups: Experiences in Basic Mechanics (Marta C. Mora-Aguilar, J. L. Sancho-Bru and J.L. Iserte-Vilar); (10) The Use of SCORM in a Community Based Learning Management System (Luigi Colazzo, Andrea Molinari and Nicola Villa); (11) Product Design Teaching Processes Worldwide Analysis and Comparison for a Future On-line Design Studio (Serena Selva); (12) Longitudinal Analysis of Students' Readiness for b-Learning Courses: Implications for the European Higher Education Area (Jose Manuel Ortega Egea, Maria Victoria Roman Gonzalez, Pedro Eugenio and Gracia Vitoria); (13) Learning and Teaching Strategic Management: a Continuous Improvement (Cesar Camison-Zornoza, Montserrat Boronat-Navarro and Ana Villar-Lopez); (14) A Multidisciplinary Experience in the European Context (Maria Amalia Trillo Holgado, Roberto Espejo Mohedano and Cristina Maria Gamez-Fernandez); (15) ECTS: Teaching Innovation Experience in Business Administration at the Escuela Superior de Ingenieria (College of Engineering) in Cadiz (Angel Cervera Paz, Victor Perez Fernandez and Francisco Rubio Cuenca); (16) Adapting to the EHEA: a Case Study (Miguel Arevalillo-Herraez, Jose Manuel Claver and Alfredo Rosado-Munoz); (17) The Importance of Cooperative Work in the Faculty and in the Classroom (M. G. Montoya, R. Herrada, C. Gil, F. G. Montoya and A. Alias); (18) The Evaluation Carrousel: an Assessment Tool for Interdisciplinary Science Innovation Education (Adri Proveniers and Jan Westra); (19) Common Mistakes in the Application of Continuous Evaluation Methodologies in Spanish Universities (Juan M. Sanchez and Enriqueta Antico); (20) Verbal and Pictorial Stimulus of Package Design in Right-to-Left Languages According to Brain Laterality (Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee); (21) Research, Development and Technology Transfer (R & D & TT) in the Field of Engineering Materials and Related Technologies (Jaroslav Jerz); (22) How to Develop a University Educational Guide? Some Suggestions for its Graphic Design (Begona Jorda-Albinana, Olga Ampuero-Canellas, Jimena Gonzalez-del-Rio and Jose Armijo); (23) Providing Quality Research Supervision in Contemporary Graduate Schools: Empowering Research Graduates to Perform in the Knowledge Economy (Janet Carton, Steve Jerrams and Anthony Betts); (24) Knowledge in Technology Networks: A Case Study Based Institutional Approach (Michael Steiner, Christian Hartmann and Michael Ploder); (25) Higher Education Systems: Postsecondary Vocational & Technical Education Developments in Comparison (Peter A.J. Englert and Wolf Dieter Grossmann); (26) The Role of Diaspora Entrepreneur in the Advancement of Science and Technology: Knowledge Economy Perspective (Mervat Hatem Sharabati-Shahin); (27) Exploratory Investigation into Preservice Teachers' Career-Goal Contents and Their Relationships with Class Participation Motivation in Higher Education in South Africa (Byron Brown and Ntonghanwah Forcheh); (28) Automatic Classification of Language Learner Sentences into Native-like or Non-Native-like Based on Word Alignment Distribution (Katsunori Kotani, Takehiko Yoshimi, Takeshi Kutsumi and Ichiko Sata); and (29) Analysis of the Students' Socio-Demographic Profile (Oto Tezak).
- Published
- 2009
21. Trends in Connectivity Technologies and Their Socioeconomic Impacts. Final Report of the Study: Policy Options for the Ubiquitous Internet Society. Technical Report
- Author
-
RAND Europe, Cave, Jonathan, van Oranje-Nassau, Constantijn, Schindler, Helen Rebecca, Shehabi, Ala'a, Brutscher, Philipp-Bastian, and Robinson, Neil
- Abstract
This report is intended to inform the European Commission's DG Information Society and Media in developing its policies for the period 2010-2020. It is targeted to policymakers with expert knowledge of the field. The report summarises the work conducted in the study: "Policy Options for the Ubiquitous Internet Society". It builds on three prior documents: (1) a briefing paper on Connectivity Challenges; (2) The Interim report containing trend analysis, scenario development, modelling of socio-economic impacts and a review of changing business models; and (3) a Workshop Report. In addition, an analysis was made of policies in the US, Japan and South Korea to provide a reference for the EU's own policy in the field of ICTs (information and communication technologies) and especially the future of the Internet (its architecture and socio-economic fall out). This report contains a review of technology trends underlying the future Internet Society. It assesses the possible future socio-economic impacts; as well as the changing business models that are likely to emerge in the next 5 to 10 years. The ultimate objective of the study is to make future policy recommendations for the successor programme to the current EU's ICT strategy: the i2010 programme. The project involved trend analysis, econometric modelling, desk research, interviews, a survey, scenario development and gaming. Five appendices are included: (1) Tech Trend Summary Tables; (2) Identifying and Mapping the Scenario Dimensions; (3) Framework for Analysis of Economic Impacts; (4) Cases Studies of Policy Frameworks in Japan, US, South Korea and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); and (5) Cross Cutting Relevance of Connectivity Challenges. (Contains 28 figures, 29 tables, and 199 footnotes.) [This report was prepared for the DG Information Society and Media.]
- Published
- 2009
22. A Monetarist View.
- Author
-
Friedman, Milton
- Abstract
Examined are the quantity theory of money and the recent application of monetary policy in Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In all three countries, the reduction of monetary growth has reduced inflation. (Author/RM)
- Published
- 1983
23. Images as Barriers to Intercultural Communication.
- Author
-
Nishiyama, Kazuo
- Abstract
Images that nations have of each other become barriers to effective intercultural communication if they are overgeneralized, oversimplified, or unfairly exaggerated. The communication difficulties between Japan and the United States, for example, exemplify how images negatively influence the political and economic relations between two countries. Despite the serious economic problems of the United States, especially in the automobile industry, Japan still views the U. S. as a large, rich nation. Therefore, Japan still expects that the U. S. will continue to treat it as a subordinate and faithful ally--and a preferred trade partner, which depends on the U. S. for its continued economic growth and survival. The U. S., however, perceives Japan as the world's new industrial superstate, one that has built itself up by having unduly taken advantage of the "free" military protection and trade policies of the U. S. These negative images of Japan are perpetuated by the mass media of the U. S. To eradicate these negative images, Americans must first analyze objectively each image and try to understand why it was created. Next, they must avoid using the negative stereotype images made popular in the war. Finally, both Japan and the United States must strive to increase the academic and cultural exchanges between the two nations. (FL)
- Published
- 1981
24. Economic Literacy in the Schools.
- Author
-
Joint Council on Economic Education, New York, NY. and Walstad, William B.
- Abstract
Results from the testing of a representative sample of U.S. high school students (N=8,205) reveals a significant lack of economic literacy, with the students correctly answering only 40 percent of the items on the Test of Economic Literacy. This is especially disturbing since the questions were drawn from economic concepts and related issues as they are discussed daily in the national media. To improve the level of economic understanding, school districts need to make a commitment to economic education in both elementary and secondary education, with students being required to take a course in economics before they graduate from high school. Teachers must be better equipped to teach about economics if they are to instill any knowledge in their students. Economics knowledge is critical for an informed citizenry, both for its understanding of domestic economic issues and for the United States to maintain a competitive position in the world economy. (PPB)
- Published
- 1988
25. Two Faces of Japan.
- Author
-
Beasley, Conger
- Abstract
Discusses the inconsistency between Japanese exploitation of world natural resources and gestures to provide leadership in ecologically innovative technology. Explores Japanese culture, power structure, population trends, environmental ethics, industrialism, and international business practices as they relate to the philosophical face of ecological thinking in Japan. (MCO)
- Published
- 1992
26. Japanese-U.S. Economic Relations: Perceptions and Reality.
- Author
-
Ellington, Lucien
- Abstract
Suggests which perceptions and realities of the complex economic relationship between the United States and Japan are most important. Questions the use of opinion surveys to understand perceptions of U.S. and Japanese citizens about the economic relationship. Discusses characteristics of each nation's economy that inhibit successful economic relations. (DK)
- Published
- 1991
27. The reimbursement coverage decisions and pricing rules for medical devices in Taiwan.
- Author
-
Tsai, Hsin-Yi, Huang, Yu-Wen, Chang, Shu-Ya, Huang, Li-Ying, Lin, Chii Jeng, and Lee, Po-Chang
- Subjects
PROSTHETICS ,HEALTH insurance reimbursement ,INSURANCE ,MEDICAL technology ,USER charges ,DECISION making ,ARTIFICIAL implants ,BUDGET ,EQUIPMENT & supplies ,RULES ,MEDICAL equipment safety measures ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Medical technology is undergoing rapid transformations, and the classifications of medical devices have also expanded greatly; therefore, it is necessary to develop appropriate reimbursement policies and pricing mechanisms in a timely manner. This paper aims to introduce the reimbursement coverage and pricing rules for medical devices in Taiwan. In addition, this paper identifies and evaluates available health technology assessments (HTA) and literature on published websites concerning medical device decision-making processes and pricing systems in South Korea and Japan, which are near Taiwan and have similar reimbursement coverage processes. Reimbursement policy and pricing mechanisms are constantly being revised in Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea. Recently, all three countries attempted to establish new reimbursement coverage decision-making and pricing rules, adopting a differentiated approach based on the level of evidence required for the appropriated reimbursement in terms of a feasible evaluation mechanism for providing patients with more effective medical devices. This article is expected to contribute to providing references to new reimbursement coverage decision-making and pricing rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. [Regional development planning and migration: the fourth comprehensive national development plan].
- Author
-
Wakabayashi K
- Subjects
- Asia, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Asia, Eastern, Geography, Japan, Research, Demography, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Population, Population Dynamics, Social Planning, Statistics as Topic, Urban Population
- Published
- 1987
29. [A general review of the discussion at the Beijing International Symposium on Population and Development].
- Author
-
Ren Y
- Subjects
- Asia, China, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Education, Europe, Europe, Eastern, Asia, Eastern, Fertility, Geography, Hungary, Japan, Population, Population Characteristics, Research, Rural Population, USSR, Urban Population, Birth Rate, Demography, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Employment, Politics, Population Dynamics, Population Growth, Public Policy, Research Design, Social Class, Social Planning, Social Problems, Socioeconomic Factors, Unemployment, Urbanization, Women's Rights
- Published
- 1985
30. Bending the urban flow: a construction-migration strategy.
- Author
-
Shaw RP
- Subjects
- Algeria, Bahrain, Brazil, Colombia, Demography, Geography, Ghana, Hong Kong, Income, Japan, Mexico, Poland, Population, Residence Characteristics, Sweden, USSR, Urban Population, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Developing Countries, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Housing, Population Dynamics, Public Policy, Social Planning, Urbanization
- Published
- 1980
31. Disaster-time Economy and an Economy of Morals: A Different Economic Order from the Market Economy under Globalization*.
- Author
-
NITAGAI, KAMON
- Subjects
SENDAI Earthquake, Japan, 2011 ,CAPITALISM ,GLOBALIZATION ,PUBLIC finance ,ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC conditions in Japan, 1989- ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
With the experience of two severe disasters (the Hanshin Awaji Earthquake disaster of 1995 and the Great East Japan Earthquake disaster of 2011), I wish to consider 'subsistence' as human life, existence equaling the basic activities of life, an essential mutual act-like existence economy. In this paper, I pursue a positive development of 'disaster-time economics' as a research object under the larger framework of the formation of a 'moral economy,' as part of a critical process. In this paper, in order that a stricken area and society may aim at the realization of a new methodology about 'creative revival' for newly developing independent research involving the state of the revival fund of a wide sense is carried out. Nevertheless, there is an overall understanding of who, in what areas, and using what methodology, has conducted research in the restoration and revival process, as well as the weak points that tend to hinder the process. There is no research on the rationality and function of public finance expenditures or national sources expenditures. Therefore, in this paper, the term 'disaster-time economy' is newly prepared. From this concept, many activities of the project, service, support, self-efforts etc. of a social and private domain are grasped from a public sphere in connection with the process of maintenance/restoration under the disaster. The feature and subject point of the process are clarified. The market economy order that is going to be produced in this process does the basic work and determines the economic order for another self-subsistence over life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. AN ESTIMATED DSGE MODEL WITH A DEFLATION STEADY STATE.
- Author
-
Hirose, Yasuo
- Subjects
MONETARY policy ,ECONOMICS ,PRICE inflation ,INTERNATIONAL competition ,INTEREST rates - Abstract
Benhabib et al. [(2001) Journal of Economic Theory 96, 40–69] argue that there exists a deflation steady state when the zero lower bound on the nominal interest rate is considered in a Taylor-type monetary policy rule. This paper estimates a medium-scale DSGE model with a deflation steady state for the Japanese economy during the period from 1999 to 2013, when the Bank of Japan conducted a zero interest rate policy and the inflation rate was almost always negative. Although the model exhibits equilibrium indeterminacy around the deflation steady state, a set of specific equilibria is selected by Bayesian methods. According to the estimated model, positive shocks to households' preferences and wage markup, and a negative shock to monetary policy do not necessarily have an inflationary effect, in contrast to a standard model with a targeted-inflation steady state. An economy in the deflation equilibrium could experience unexpected volatility because of sunspot fluctuations, but it turns out that sunspot shocks have a limited effect on Japan's output fluctuations and rather contribute to stabilizing the economy after the global financial crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. The American Industrial Relations System in a Time of Change.
- Author
-
Marshall, Ray
- Abstract
Recent trends that affect the U.S. system of industrial relations are examined. The most important of these is internationalization. The U.S. industrial relations system is compared with that of Europe and Japan, and suggestions for improving our competitiveness in international markets are made. (Author/RM)
- Published
- 1985
34. Online Sources of Japanese Information. . . A Guide.
- Author
-
Dorman, Phae H.
- Abstract
Discusses online systems and databases that contain information on Japanese business and economic activity. A reference chart provides the name, address, coverage dates, and costs of major online sources. (CLB)
- Published
- 1987
35. Japan.
- Author
-
Birmingham City Schools, AL. and Jones, Savannah C.
- Abstract
Materials for a secondary level, interdisciplinary social studies course on Japan are divided into introductory information, 14 classroom units, and study and evaluation materials. Introductory material includes lists of objectives and skills, an outline of Japanese history, and an explanation of Japan's name and flag. The units cover the derivation of the Japanese people and language, geography, religion, government, foreign relations, economy, science and technology, environment, transportation and communication, education, family life, Japanese arts, police and criminal justice system, and social customs and rituals. For each unit, resources, objectives, methods, lessons, and a number of student activities are provided. Worksheets are included where necessary. Samples of activities are: practicing Japanese calligraphy, completing maps, writing a research paper, interpreting charts and graphs, visiting a museum of Japanese art, and creating a Japanese garden. A pretest, three tests covering the 14 units, a posttest, a vocabulary guide, and a bibliography conclude the curriculum guide. (LP)
- Published
- 1984
36. Japanese-American Trade: 1797 to the Present. Suggested Lessons.
- Author
-
Rindsberg, Helen
- Abstract
The three lessons included in this packet are from a unit on Japanese and United States trade in the 1960s which is offered by the Cincinnati Public Schools for 11th and 12th graders. The first involves individual students completing an attitude survey which focuses on Japan, class discussion, presentation of a teacher-prepared lecture based on the paper "The Sons of Heaven Confront the Barbarians," and a student compilation of key economic and cultural aspects of the two countries. The second lesson employs a handout of quotations from persons involved in Japanese-United States trade negotiations between 1797 and 1860. Students are to identify cultural values held by the writers, generalize these into "Japanese values" and "United States values," and then discuss how values shape governments' economic policies. The third lesson involves the viewing of a 16mm film "Japan--An Overview" available from the Japan Consulate. Following the film, discussions of cultural values are directed toward their impact on Japanese-United States trade. (BZ)
- Published
- 1986
37. Towards an 'Enterprising' Culture. A Challenge for Education and Training. Educational Monograph No. 4.
- Author
-
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris (France). Centre for Educational Research and Innovation. and Ball, Colin
- Abstract
This paper reports on an Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) project that studied (1) how young people can be enabled to develop employment initiative and entrepreneurial skills as an important ingredient of their education and training and (2) what changes are needed in educational curricula and school practices designed to strengthen young people's capacity to assume responsibility and initiative when faced with changing labor markets and skill requirements. The report begins with a summary of the project, its main conclusions, and policy implications. The remainder of the report is in two parts. The first presents the different rationales for the recent interest in entrepreneurial skills and culture and the complex problems related to a definition of such concepts. Its main purpose is to clarify the issues and developments at stake and to point toward some principal policy implications if entrepreneurial skills and culture are to have an impact on mainstream education. The second part presents concrete examples from 13 OECD member countries in which different kinds of entrepreneurial skills programs have been launched. (KC)
- Published
- 1989
38. Recent Changes in the Labor Content of U. S. International Trade
- Author
-
Mitchell, Daniel J. B.
- Abstract
The paper focuses on the changes in the composition of United States exports and imports and the effect of these changes on labor, during the 1965-70 period. (Author)
- Published
- 1975
39. The Economics of the University of the Air of Japan Revisited.
- Author
-
Muta, Hiromitsu and Sakamoto, Takashi
- Abstract
An assessment of the University of the Air of Japan's cost-effectiveness and a forecast of its future based on available data is discussed. Although the current cost per credit is higher than that of conventional universities, changes in communication technology and student characteristics could alter its cost-effectiveness. (Author/MLW)
- Published
- 1989
40. Comments by Hayato Kato, on Competition Effects and Industrial Productivity: Lessons from Japanese Industry.
- Author
-
Hayato Kato
- Subjects
INDUSTRIES ,COMPETITION in the manufacturing industries ,INDUSTRIAL productivity ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,TRADING companies ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The article presents views of expert Hayato Kato on the paper published on Competition Effects & Industrial Productivity: Lessons from Japanese Industry and discusses the relationship between competition and productivity growth, technological innovations and price-cost margin. He also argues for the interpretation of results needs more careful examination and discusses industry characteristics and exposure to international trades.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Individual Characteristics, Behavioral Biases, and Trade Policy Preferences: Evidence from a Survey in Japan.
- Author
-
Tomiura, Eiichi, Ito, Banri, Mukunoki, Hiroshi, and Wakasugi, Ryuhei
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL policy ,FINANCIAL liberalization ,OCCUPATIONS ,IMPORTS ,INSURANCE ,INCOME & employment theory ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Import liberalization is one of the most actively debated issues in trade policy. This paper examines how trade policy preferences are related to individual characteristics based on a survey in Japan. Among 10,000 surveyed individuals, people working in non-agricultural sectors, those working in managerial occupations, or those above retirement age tend to favor freer imports. This paper also finds that people who are influenced by the status quo bias are likely to oppose import liberalization even after controlling for each individual's various characteristics, suggesting that neither income compensation nor insurance schemes are sufficient for expanding support for free trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Report from the History of Economics Society in Japan.
- Author
-
Tanaka, Toshihiro
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,SURPLUS (Economics) ,MARXIAN economics ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
The article reports on the latest activities of the Japan History of Economic Thought (HET) Society as of June 1984. It cites several activities of four regional branches, namely, the Kanto branch, the Seinan branch, the Tohoku branch and the Kansai branch. The activities were mainly presentation of papers, including the reading by the Kanto branch of "The Discovery of Social Surplus and Marx," by Shigeo Abiko at the Rikkyo University on June 4, 1983.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. THE PATTERNS OF JAPANESE FDI IN AUSTRALIA AFTER THE LEHMAN SHOCK: PERSPECTIVES OF THE ECLECTIC PARADIGM AND INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS.
- Author
-
BAYARI, CELAL
- Subjects
INSTITUTIONAL economics ,FOREIGN investments ,JAPANESE investments ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
This paper discusses the post-'Lehman Brothers shock' period of the Japanese foreign direct investment in Australia, and provides an analysis of the types of investment. The analysis begins with the theoretical frameworks that define multinational enterprise (MNE) activity, and foreign direct investment. The way in which 'institutional economics' theory is utilised within the 'eclectic paradigm' is also analysed herein. The 'Lehman Brothers shock', the ensuing market decline, and the subsequent investor indecisiveness have had effects on foreign direct investment in Asia, the EU, and North America (Devos & Giovanoli, 2011). While this situation continued, one particular economic bilateralism, that of Japan and Australia, has remained largely unaffected. The bilateral trade volumes and structure between the two remain unaltered in the aftermath of the 'shock'. This paper details the Japanese foreign direct investment patterns in Australia that were present before the 'Lehman Brothers shock', and continued afterwards (i.e. several-stage type of acquisitions). From the time of the 'shock' until April 2010, there were numerous Japanese acquisitions in Australia (Wallace, 2010). This process has been continuing, as of December 2011, with Japanese MNE Inpex's A$30 billion foreign direct investment in LNG extraction and export project (AAP, 2011; AFP, 2011). Nippon Paper Group's 2009 foreign direct investment in Australia was the ninth biggest Japanese global acquisition in that year (JETRO, 2010), and Mitsubishi Corporation's September 2008 foreign direct investment was the tenth largest (JETRO, 2009). The post-crisis business environment has been beset by uncertainties, and the global mergers and acquisitions had recovered to merely one third of the 2007 levels by the end of 2010 (UNCTAD, 2011). This has been the global trend, the context of the discussion herein. As this paper discusses, the global trend, which UNCTAD describes, does not readily apply to the Japanese foreign direct investment in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
44. Japan's Yakuza – still alive, and yes, they do matter.
- Author
-
Newsham, Grant Frederick
- Subjects
SOCIAL impact ,ECONOMICS ,BUSINESS enterprises ,ENGLISH language ,JAPANESE people - Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to inform the reader of the nature of Japanese organize crime ("the Yakuza") and the extent to which it has penetrated and is a powerful force in nearly all facets of Japanese society – with particular focus on the "legitimate" business and financial worlds. The paper also describes in detail the actual harmful effects of Yakuza influence and also provides a cautionary note for foreign business ventures in Japan. Design/methodology/approach: The paper offers an in-depth narrative description based on the author's over 20 years' experience researching the topic along with practical experience gained while working in the business risk mitigation field in Japan and assisting private entities in avoiding underworld entanglements. Findings: The paper demonstrates how the Yakuza remains a potent force with widespread influence in Japan, despite the government's enactment of specific regulations designed to pressure underworld organizations. Research limitations/implications: The paper offers insights into an aspect of Japanese society that receives limited examination, and the information contained in the article is potentially useful to other scholars and the foreign business community as well. The Yakuza are a broad topic, and the author's perspectives are necessarily focused on cases of Yakuza involvement in the legitimate economy and political world rather than the entire panoply of underworld activity. Practical implications: The insights and descriptions of underworld involvement in "legitimate" parts of Japanese society might encourage Japanese authorities to assess why the Yakuza remain entrenched and take appropriate counter measures. Social implications: The paper is potentially of use to foreign business and governmental organizations in better understanding and countering risks and threats posed by the Japanese underworld, both in Japan and beyond its borders. Originality/value: This topic is infrequently covered in any depth in English language sources and seldom if ever by someone with over two decades of practical experience identifying and helping private entities navigate around Yakuza dangers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. LOCAL SEARCH AND THE EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES.
- Author
-
Stuart, Toby E. and Podolny, Joel M.
- Subjects
INNOVATION adoption ,TECHNOLOGY transfer ,HIGH technology industries ,COMPETITION ,MATHEMATICAL models of economics ,STRATEGIC alliances (Business) ,RESEARCH & development ,MARKET positioning ,SEMICONDUCTOR industry ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The assumption that 'local search' constrains the direction of corporate R&D is central in evolutionary perspectives on technological change and competition. In this paper, we propose a network-analytic approach for identifying the evolution of firms' technological positions. The approach (1) permits graphical and quantitative assessments of the extent to which firms' search behavior is locally bounded, and (2) enables firms to be positioned and grouped according to the similarities in their innovative capabilities. The utility of the proposed framework is demonstrated by an analysis of strategic partnering and the evolution of the technological positions of the 10 largest Japanese semiconductor producers from 1982 to 1992. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1996
46. Japan's Deflation: A Time-Inconsistent Policy in Need of an Inflation Target.
- Author
-
Cargill, Thomas F. and Guerrero, Federico
- Subjects
CENTRAL banking industry ,PRICE deflation ,GREAT Depression, 1929-1939 ,EQUILIBRIUM ,INDUSTRIAL organization (Economic theory) ,ECONOMICS ,PRICE inflation - Abstract
The Japanese economy experienced a ten-year period of deflation between 1995 and 2005, an experience that has been unprecedented among industrial economies since the Great Depression of the 1930s. This paper offers an equilibrium explanation of deflationary policy rooted in the time-inconsistency literature, and shows that central bank policy may be susceptible to a deflation bias under a set of conditions resembling those actually faced by the Bank of Japan. The paper offers general lessons about central bank policy and provides further support for the adoption of an inflation-targeting framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Mobility principle among Japanese professorsBased on the example of professors in the economics field.
- Author
-
Yano, Masaharu and Tomita, Junichi
- Subjects
EDUCATIONAL mobility ,COLLEGE teachers ,TEACHERS ,RESEARCH universities & colleges ,RESEARCH - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the actual conditions of Japanese professors' mobility and to carry out an analysis of the principle on which university researcher mobility is based and of the relationship between mobility and research performance. Design/methodology/approach – Using the Japanese university researcher database which covered job title, research background, research publication performance and so on, the study analyzed the relationship between mobility and the publication rate before/after move. Findings – The paper finds that moves from a research to an education university rarely occur. Moves from an education to a research university, on the other hand, occur with relative frequency. To achieve a move, a high publication rate is required. Post-move publication rate increased greatly for those who moved from an education to a research university and also those who moved from an education university to another education university. Research limitations/implications – In Japan, company employees make decisions depending on expectations of further fulfilment in their companies rather than on mercenary calculations of present best interests. It was discovered that researchers have a desire to move to a better university or one with a better research environment for a brighter future. It is thought that while company employees depend upon the future within the firm, professors depend upon the future within the academic community. Originality/value – Up to now the relationship between mobility and research performance of professors is not necessarily clear in Japan. In this study of the economics field it has become more apparent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A high-resolution large-scale flood hazard and economic risk model for the property loss insurance in Japan.
- Author
-
Kobayashi, K., Takara, K., Sano, H., Tsumori, H., and Sekii, K.
- Subjects
FLOOD damage ,PROPERTY insurance ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,FLOODS ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
This paper presents the development of a large-scale (e.g. several thousand km
2 ) high-resolution (e.g. 250 m) distributed rainfall-runoff/flood inundation simulation ( DRR/ FI) model and an economic loss estimation model considering the confidence interval within what is called the Kyoto, Kobe University- SJNK ( KKU-SJNK) model. The DRR/ FI model can simulate rainfall-runoff, dike-breaks, and inland flood inundation processes simultaneously in a seamless/integrated manner with practical accuracy. The river network for the modelling includes most of the catchment main and tributary rivers; thus, DRR/ FI can simulate all of the discharge/water levels of the rivers in the catchment. Data processing was carried out with ArcGIS, which handles large data sets as one sees them with a graphical interface. The coordinate system of the model is appropriately set up; thus, the model can interact with other models such as weather, climate, evacuation, vulnerability and financial models. This also makes it possible to use extensive GIS data from all over the world. Moreover a vulnerability model, what we call the KKU- SJNK model, was developed. The KKU- SJNK model yields the damage ratios and thus economic loss of buildings due to flooding considering the confidence interval. The models are applied to the Yodogawa River catchment (8240 km2 ), the 7th largest river catchment in Japan, which crosses six prefectures. Though the catchment size is not necessarily very large compared with continental rivers, there is seldom seen such a detailed high-resolution large-scale runoff-inundation model in Japan. To validate the model, data from 1997 and 2009 floods in the Yodogawa River catchment was used. The results of the model exhibited the potential effectiveness of the DRR/ FI + KKU- SJNK model for risk management toward property loss insurance, though it also identified some difficulties. The paper presents these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Center for Pacific Basin Studies Working Papers Abstracts.
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMICS , *RESEARCH , *FOREIGN exchange market , *MACROECONOMICS , *DISCLOSURE , *BANKING industry - Abstract
Presents abstracts of research on economics. "Effectiveness of Official Daily Foreign Exchange Market Intervention Operations in Japan," by Rasmus Fatum and Michael Hutchison; "Macroeconomic Effects of IMF-Sponsored Programs in Latin America: Output Costs, Program Recidivism, and the Vicious Cycle of Failed Stabilization," by Michael Hutchison and Ilan Noy; "Determinants of Voluntary Bank Disclosure: Evidence From Japanese Shinkin Banks," by Mark Spiegel and Nobuyoshi Yamori.
- Published
- 2004
50. A model of the indirect losses from negative shocks in production and finance.
- Author
-
Krichene H, Inoue H, Isogai T, and Chakraborty A
- Subjects
- Bankruptcy economics, Earthquakes economics, Humans, Japan, Tokyo, Commerce economics, Economics, Natural Disasters economics
- Abstract
Economies are frequently affected by natural disasters and both domestic and overseas financial crises. These events disrupt production and cause multiple other types of economic losses, including negative impacts on the banking system. Understanding the transmission mechanism that causes various negative second-order post-catastrophe effects is crucial if policymakers are to develop more efficient recovery strategies. In this work, we introduce a credit-based adaptive regional input-output (ARIO) model to analyse the effects of disasters and crises on the supply chain and bank-firm credit networks. Using real Japanese networks and the exogenous shocks of the 2008 Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and the Great East Japan Earthquake (March 11, 2011), this paper aims to depict how these negative shocks propagate through the supply chain and affect the banking system. The credit-based ARIO model is calibrated using Latin hypercube sampling and the design of experiments procedure to reproduce the short-term (one-year) dynamics of the Japanese industrial production index after the 2008 Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake. Then, through simulation experiments, we identify the chemical and petroleum manufacturing and transport sectors as the most vulnerable Japanese industrial sectors. Finally, the case of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake is simulated for Japanese prefectures to understand differences among regions in terms of globally engendered indirect economic losses. Tokyo and Osaka prefectures are the most vulnerable locations because they hold greater concentrations of the above-mentioned vulnerable industrial sectors., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.