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Based on the experiment about static simulation of drainage ditches, the article used typical non-point source soluble nitrate andammonia nitrogen as an example to analyze the changing process and study the effects of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogenconcentrations in the simulated drainage water of different operation periods. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen inthe drainage ditches of different operating periods could be purified effectively. The purification process had the characteristics of‘fastpurification, wave balance’，in which ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased faster than nitrate nitrogen and the range of ammonianitrogen concentration in the 'wave balance' stage（⩽2 mg·L-1）was lower than nitrate nitrogen（⩾3 mg·L-1）. The different operationperiods had great influence on the purification rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the ditches at the initial stage of theexperiment , in which the purification rate：The multi-years ditch>the 7-month-old ditch跃the 1-month-old ditch. In addition to the nitratepurification rate of nitrate nitrogen in non-ecological ditches of different operation had significant difference, no significant difference in theremaining stages; There was no significant difference in the change of ammonia nitrogen concentration in the ditch at different operatingperiods, except for the 'fluctuating balance' stage of the 7-month-old ditch（P=0.03<0.05）. There was significant difference in the early stage and the 'wave balance' stage of the purification process about nitrate nitrogen in the 7-month-old ditch and the 1-month-old ditch,the trend of purification for the multi-years ditch was similar, and no significant difference. In summary, the experiment proved that thegrowth of ditch operation periods could enhance the ability of purifying nitrogen，which had certain significance for further exploring thedevelopment process of the drainage ditch, rational design and management of the ecological ditches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]