135,039 results
Search Results
152. Score equivalence of paper-, tablet-, and interactive voice response system-based versions of PROMIS, PRO-CTCAE, and numerical rating scales among cancer patients.
- Author
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Lee, Minji K., Beebe, Timothy J., Yost, Kathleen J., Eton, David T., Novotny, Paul J., Dueck, Amylou C., Frost, Marlene, and Sloan, Jeff A.
- Subjects
INTERACTIVE voice response (Telecommunication) ,MENTAL health of cancer patients ,TABLET computers ,MENTAL depression ,COMPUTER software ,ACQUISITION of data ,ELECTRODIAGNOSIS ,RESEARCH evaluation ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,RESEARCH methodology evaluation ,RESEARCH methodology ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,AUTOMATIC speech recognition ,CANCER patients ,COMPARATIVE studies ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,QUALITY of life ,DATA analysis software ,PORTABLE computers ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Background: The study tests the effects of data collection modes on patient responses associated with the multi-item measures such as Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System (PROMIS
® ), and single-item measures such as Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) measures. Methods: Adult cancer patients were recruited from five cancer centers and administered measures of anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, pain intensity, pain interference, ability to participate in social roles and activities, global mental and physical health, and physical function. Patients were randomized to complete the measures on paper (595), interactive voice response (IVR, 596) system, or tablet computer (589). We evaluated differential item functioning (DIF) by method of data collection using the R software package, lordif. For constructs that showed no DIF, we concluded equivalence across modes if the equivalence margin, defined as ± 0.20 × pooled SD, completely surrounds 95% confidence intervals (CI's) for difference in mean score. If the 95% CI fell totally outside the equivalence margin, we concluded systematic score difference by modes. If the 95% CI partly overlaps the equivalence margin, we concluded neither equivalence nor difference. Results: For all constructs, no DIF of any kind was found for the three modes. The scores on paper and tablet were more comparable than between IVR and other modes but none of the 95% CI's were completely outside the equivalence margins, in which we established neither equivalence nor difference. Percentages of missing values were comparable for paper and tablet modes. Percentages of missing values were higher for IVR (2.3% to 6.5% depending on measures) compared to paper and tablet modes (0.7% to 3.3% depending on measures and modes), which was attributed to random technical difficulties experienced in some centers. Conclusion: Across all mode comparisons, there were some measures with CI's not completely contained within the margin of small effect. Two visual modes agreed more than visual-auditory pairs. IVR may induce differences in scores unrelated to constructs being measured in comparison with paper and tablet. The users of the surveys should consider using IVR only when paper and computer administration is not feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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153. A Novel Sampling Device for the Quantification of Primary Aromatic Amines on Surfaces.
- Author
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Ceyhan, Kubilay, Drawe, Patrick, and Schupp, Thomas
- Subjects
TOXIN analysis ,MUTAGEN analysis ,AMINE analysis ,HUMAN reproduction ,CARCINOGENS ,ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring ,HIGH performance liquid chromatography ,OCCUPATIONAL exposure ,COMPARATIVE studies ,OCCUPATIONAL hazards ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,POLYURETHANES ,MOLECULAR structure ,SPECTRUM analysis - Abstract
Primary aromatic amines (PAAs) are a class of hazardous substances where many compounds are classified as carcinogen, mutagen, and reproduction toxin (CMR). PAAs can be taken up by dermal exposure. In the polyurethane industry, a valid and trustworthy method for the quantification of PAAs in the presence of isocyanates that could interfere is of great interest, especially on workplaces where a regular contact to PAAs cannot be excluded. The aim of this work is the development, validation, and verification of a novel sampling device to quantify selectively the PAA load on work surfaces. We describe the synthesis of Cell-ßALA-PEMSA analytical papers and their characterization by infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The recovery of TDA and MDA spiked on these filters is satisfactory. An excellent selectivity of Cell-ßALA-PEMSA papers towards PAAs in the presence of isocyanates of almost 100% was found by wipe tests of amine/isocyanate contaminated surfaces. First positive field tests were achieved at certain areas in a Polyurethane Technical Application Department where surface contamination with PAAs was expected, and the Cell-ßALA-PEMSA analytical papers were superior to an established method of surface sampling. However, recovery of these amines from surfaces shows a large variability, and more work is required to address influencing surface properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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154. Research Paper Comparison Between the Outcome of the Standard and Accelerated Ponseti Casting Methods for Correcting Congenital Talipes Equinovarus Deformity.
- Author
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Arti, Hamid Reza, Yarahmadi, Hamed Bahrami, Bemani, Sam, and Davarpanah, Ali
- Subjects
SKIN disease prevention ,SKIN diseases ,TREATMENT duration ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,T-test (Statistics) ,SOFTWARE architecture ,CONGENITAL disorders ,SURGICAL plaster casts ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,LEG abnormalities ,CLUBFOOT ,LONGITUDINAL method ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is a prevalent congenital foot deformity. The Ponseti method is a non-surgical treatment for clubfoot, which entails a sequence of casts and braces. The accelerated Ponseti method is a modified version of the standard Ponseti method, involving more frequent cast changes. Methods: A total of 60 patients with idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) under the age of one were carefully chosen and assigned to two groups of A (standard) and B (accelerated). The Pirani score was used to evaluate each clubfoot before applying a cast. In group A, aboveknee casting was performed once a week, while in group B, it was done twice a week. Results: The study involved 60 children with a total of 75 feet. The results indicated a shorter treatment duration with the accelerated Ponseti method, while the occurrence of skin complications was comparable between the two methods. Conclusion: In conclusion, both the accelerated and standard Ponseti methods are equally effective in correcting clubfoot. The accelerated method offers the advantage of reducing the overall treatment duration and has clear benefits, while no notable difference is observed in skin complications between the two methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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155. Nurses leading male lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) clinics: A scoping review.
- Author
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Middleton, Claire and Dunleavy, Stephanie
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FERTILITY clinics ,CINAHL database ,RESEARCH ,UROLOGICAL nursing ,BLADDER ,NURSING ,HEALTH services accessibility ,URINARY tract infections ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,NURSES ,QUALITY of life ,HEALTH care teams ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,NURSE practitioners ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Nurse‐led clinics are known to positively impact and benefit patients; however, there is little understanding of the role of the nurse in a nurse‐led male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) clinic. LUTS affect up to 30% of males over 65 in the United Kingdom and can significantly impact the quality of life of the person experiencing them. LUTS can be managed with conservative changes, as well as with medication and surgical intervention. The aim of this scoping review is to map what is known about the role of the nurse in a nurse‐led male LUTS clinic and what research tells us regarding, the barriers and enablers in nurses leading a male LUTS clinic. This scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐SCR) checklist and the methodological guidelines set out by the Joanna Briggs institute. A literature search was carried out over three databases (CINAHL, Medline Ovid, ProQuest health and medical collection) and systematically searched from 2000 to 2021. Grey literature was also searched, and citation chaining was undertaken. Following a systematic review of the literature, four papers met the inclusion criteria for this scoping review. The emergent themes across the four papers consisted of structure, assessment and resources, and effectiveness of the nurse‐led male LUTS clinic. There was clear agreement across the literature regarding the investigations and assessment the nurse should carry out. Ongoing practical, theoretical, and observational training and education is required to ensure the nurse is competent in running a male LUTS clinic. The papers reviewed showed the nurse provided a supportive role to the consultant. However, there is evidence indicating there is a move towards autonomous practice. There is a dearth of the current research relating to the role of the nurse in nurse‐led male LUTS clinics and the enablers and barriers in nurses leading male LUTS clinics. Further research should be considered to gain a better understanding of where nurse‐led male LUTS clinics currently take place, what the role of the nurse is in leading a LUTS clinic and what enablers and barriers exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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156. Gauging Local Interest in Telemedicine Visits: Are Online Surveys Enough?
- Author
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Whitacre, Brian E.
- Subjects
CONFIDENCE ,INTERNET ,RURAL conditions ,SOCIAL media ,DIGITAL health ,QUANTITATIVE research ,SURVEYS ,COMPARATIVE studies ,T-test (Statistics) ,QUALITATIVE research ,TELECOMMUNICATION ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,CHI-squared test ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,SOCIAL distancing ,COVID-19 pandemic ,TELEMEDICINE - Abstract
Telemedicine use surged during COVID-19, and a significant amount of recent research has relied solely on online surveys to assess patient perceptions. However, these surveys may be biased since they require an internet connection and digital literacy skills. We compare local perceptions of telemedicine visits in rural areas across two methods of data collection: online-only vs. paper surveys. We collected 100 paper and 108 online surveys in two rural counties with a total population of 10,000. The results show that significant differences exist in the demographics of people completing each type of survey and in the perceptions of telemedicine, with paper-based respondents generally demonstrating a higher degree of confidence in telemedicine. Ordered logistic regressions controlling for potentially influential underlying demographic characteristics (income, hours worked, and presence of children) show that paper-based respondents tend to have higher opinions of telemedicine, but that overall levels of comfort are similar across survey types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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157. Describing the occupational nature of practice: A scoping review.
- Author
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Ford, Ellie, Di Tommaso, Amelia, Gustafsson, Louise, and Molineux, Matthew
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CINAHL database ,ONLINE information services ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy services ,TERMS & phrases ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE - Abstract
Describing how occupation is used in practice can be challenging for occupational therapists. Occupation-centred, occupation-based, and occupation-focussed terminology are frequently used interchangeably and ambiguously to describe practice. However, ambiguous language creates confusion and inadequately demonstrates the value of occupation. This scoping review aimed to identify how occupation-centred, occupation-based, and occupation-focussed terminology are defined and represented in occupational therapy literature. A five-step scoping review included papers published between 2014 and 2019 from four databases. Extracted data were summarised to outline how the terms were being used within the literature. Initial searching yielded 819 articles and 35 papers met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Within current literature, occupation-focussed and occupation-based terminology were inconsistently described. A limited number of articles used occupation-centred and occupation-focussed terminology to describe practice, whilst occupation-based was more prominent. Occupation-based terminology was represented in numerous ways to describe assessments, practice tools, interventions, research, and theory. Discrepancies between the description and implementation of occupation-based practice were most prominent within interventions. Findings demonstrated that occupation-based and occupation-focussed terminology were used interchangeably and inconsistently in literature. It is timely to consider how this is problematic for our professional identity and perceptions of occupation in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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158. Home exercise programmes supported by video and automated reminders compared with standard paper-based home exercise programmes in patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
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Emmerson, Kellie B., Harding, Katherine E., and Taylor, Nicholas F.
- Subjects
- *
PATIENT satisfaction , *ANALYSIS of covariance , *ARM , *CHI-squared test , *COMMUNITY health services , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *HOME care services , *PATIENT compliance , *PORTABLE computers , *PROBABILITY theory , *REHABILITATION , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICAL sampling , *SCALE analysis (Psychology) , *SELF-evaluation , *T-test (Statistics) , *VIDEO recording , *EFFECT sizes (Statistics) , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *BLIND experiment , *HEALTH care reminder systems , *DIARY (Literary form) , *FUNCTIONAL assessment , *STROKE rehabilitation , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objective: To determine whether patients with stroke receiving rehabilitation for upper limb deficits using smart technology (video and reminder functions) demonstrate greater adherence to prescribed home exercise programmes and better functional outcomes when compared with traditional paper-based exercise prescription. Design: Randomized controlled trial comparing upper limb home exercise programmes supported by video and automated reminders on smart technology, with standard paper-based home exercise programmes. Setting: A community rehabilitation programme within a large metropolitan health service. Subjects: Patients with stroke with upper limb deficits, referred for outpatient rehabilitation. Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to the control (paper-based home exercise programme) or intervention group (home exercise programme filmed on an electronic tablet, with an automated reminder). Both groups completed their prescribed home exercise programme for four weeks. Main measures: The primary outcome was adherence using a self-reported log book. Secondary outcomes were change in upper limb function and patient satisfaction. Results: A total of 62 participants were allocated to the intervention (n = 30) and control groups (n = 32). There were no differences between the groups for measures of adherence (mean difference 2%, 95% CI −12 to 17) or change in the Wolf Motor Function Test log transformed time (mean difference 0.02 seconds, 95% CI −0.1 to 0.1). There were no between-group differences in how participants found instructions (p = 0.452), whether they remembered to do their exercises (p = 0.485), or whether they enjoyed doing their exercises (p = 0.864). Conclusions: The use of smart technology was not superior to standard paper-based home exercise programmes for patients recovering from stroke. This trial design was registered prospectively with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register, ID: ACTRN 12613000786796. http://www.anzctr.org.au/trialSearch.aspx [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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159. Academic Primer Series: Five Key Papers about Study Designs in Medical Education.
- Author
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Gottlieb, Michael, Chan, Teresa M., Fredette, Jenna, Messman, Anne, Robinson, Daniel W., Cooney, Robert, Boysen-Osborn, Megan, and Sherbino, Jonathan
- Subjects
- *
AUTHORSHIP , *COLLEGE teachers , *DELPHI method , *DISCOURSE analysis , *EDUCATION research , *EMERGENCY medicine , *EXPERIMENTAL design , *GROUNDED theory , *INTERVIEWING , *PHENOMENOLOGY , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL education , *MEDICAL research , *SURVEYS , *QUALITATIVE research , *QUANTITATIVE research , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Introduction: A proper understanding of study design is essential to creating successful studies. This is also important when reading or peer reviewing publications. In this article, we aimed to identify and summarize key papers that would be helpful for faculty members interested in learning more about study design in medical education research. Methods: The online discussions of the 2016-2017 Academic Life in Emergency Medicine Faculty Incubator program included a robust and vigorous discussion about education study design, which highlighted a number of papers on that topic. We augmented this list of papers with further suggestions by expert mentors. Via this process, we created a list of 29 papers in total on the topic of medical education study design. After gathering these papers, our authorship group engaged in a modified Delphi approach to build consensus on the papers that were most valuable for the understanding of proper study design in medical education. Results: We selected the top five most highly rated papers on the topic domain of study design as determined by our study group. We subsequently summarized these papers with respect to their relevance to junior faculty members and to faculty developers. Conclusion: This article summarizes five key papers addressing study design in medical education with discussions and applications for junior faculty members and faculty developers. These papers provide a basis upon which junior faculty members might build for developing and analyzing studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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160. Research on Private Equity: A Bibliometric Analysis.
- Author
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Sachin, Singh, Shakti, and Kumar, Sanjiv
- Subjects
BIBLIOMETRICS ,PRIVATE equity ,DEVELOPED countries ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The paper presents a bibliometric analysis of research on Private Equity (PE) and identifies the key contributors, major countries and institutions, and scope for further research. It uses scientific mapping strategy to meet its goals and employs R studio to extract pertinent data. Scopus and Web of Science—two popular databases—were used to extract the data. The study examines 1698 publications from business, management, finance and econometrics journals. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics. The status of research on PE is represented through graphical and tabular analysis. Since PE first gained popularity in developed nations like US, UK and Japan, these countries boast a majority of studies on the subject. The PE concept is still relatively new in emerging countries, and there is still opportunity for more research. Future research should focus on issues like investment, venture and market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
161. Secondary use of empirical research data in medical ethics papers on gamete donation: forms of use and pitfalls
- Author
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Veerle Provoost
- Subjects
Oocyte Donation ,Descriptive statistics ,Management science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,General Medicine ,Bioethics ,Empirical Research ,Argumentation theory ,Empirical research ,Humans ,Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous ,Ethics, Medical ,Quality (business) ,Engineering ethics ,Empirical evidence ,Psychology ,Medical ethics ,media_common - Abstract
This paper aims to provide a description of how authors publishing in medical ethics journals have made use of empirical research data in papers on the topic of gamete or embryo donation by means of references to studies conducted by others (secondary use). Rather than making a direct contribution to the theoretical methodological literature about the role empirical research data could play or should play in ethics studies, the focus is on the particular uses of these data and the problems that can be encountered with this use. In the selection of papers examined, apart from being used to describe the context, empirical evidence was mainly used to recount problems that needed solving. Few of the authors looked critically at the quality of the studies they quoted, and several instances were found of empirical data being used poorly or inappropriately. This study provides some initial baseline evidence that shows empirical data, in the form of references to studies, are sometimes being used in inappropriate ways. This suggests that medical ethicists should be more concerned about the quality of the empirical data selected, the appropriateness of the choice for a particular type of data (from a particular type of study) and the correct integration of this evidence in sound argumentation. Given that empirical data can be misused also when merely cited instead of reported, it may be worthwhile to explore good practice requirements for this type of use of empirical data in medical ethics.
- Published
- 2015
162. Reproducibility of Deep Learning Algorithms Developed for Medical Imaging Analysis: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Moassefi, Mana, Rouzrokh, Pouria, Conte, Gian Marco, Vahdati, Sanaz, Fu, Tianyuan, Tahmasebi, Aylin, Younis, Mira, Farahani, Keyvan, Gentili, Amilcare, Kline, Timothy, Kitamura, Felipe C., Huo, Yuankai, Kuanar, Shiba, Younis, Khaled, Erickson, Bradley J., and Faghani, Shahriar
- Subjects
DEEP learning ,RESEARCH evaluation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,DIAGNOSTIC imaging ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ALGORITHMS ,WORLD Wide Web - Abstract
Since 2000, there have been more than 8000 publications on radiology artificial intelligence (AI). AI breakthroughs allow complex tasks to be automated and even performed beyond human capabilities. However, the lack of details on the methods and algorithm code undercuts its scientific value. Many science subfields have recently faced a reproducibility crisis, eroding trust in processes and results, and influencing the rise in retractions of scientific papers. For the same reasons, conducting research in deep learning (DL) also requires reproducibility. Although several valuable manuscript checklists for AI in medical imaging exist, they are not focused specifically on reproducibility. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of recently published papers in the field of DL to evaluate if the description of their methodology could allow the reproducibility of their findings. We focused on the Journal of Digital Imaging (JDI), a specialized journal that publishes papers on AI and medical imaging. We used the keyword "Deep Learning" and collected the articles published between January 2020 and January 2022. We screened all the articles and included the ones which reported the development of a DL tool in medical imaging. We extracted the reported details about the dataset, data handling steps, data splitting, model details, and performance metrics of each included article. We found 148 articles. Eighty were included after screening for articles that reported developing a DL model for medical image analysis. Five studies have made their code publicly available, and 35 studies have utilized publicly available datasets. We provided figures to show the ratio and absolute count of reported items from included studies. According to our cross-sectional study, in JDI publications on DL in medical imaging, authors infrequently report the key elements of their study to make it reproducible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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163. WASP (Write a Scientific Paper) using Excel - 7: The t-distribution
- Author
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Victor Grech
- Subjects
Data collection ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Variance (accounting) ,Biostatistics ,Medical Writing ,Standard deviation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Software ,030225 pediatrics ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Outlier ,Statistics ,Statistical inference ,Relevance (information retrieval) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The calculation of descriptive statistics after data collection provides researchers with an overview of the shape and nature of their datasets, along with basic descriptors, and may help identify true or incorrect outlier values. This exercise should always precede inferential statistics, when possible. This paper provides some pointers for doing so in Microsoft Excel, both statically and dynamically, with Excel's functions, including the calculation of standard deviation and variance and the relevance of the t-distribution.
- Published
- 2018
164. WASP (Write a Scientific Paper) using Excel - 4: Histograms
- Author
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Victor Grech
- Subjects
Research Report ,Descriptive statistics ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Microsoft excel ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Biostatistics ,computer.software_genre ,Medical Writing ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Software ,030225 pediatrics ,Histogram ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Outlier ,Data mining ,business ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Algorithms - Abstract
Plotting data into graphs is a crucial step in data analysis as part of an initial descriptive statistics exercise since it gives the researcher an overview of the shape and nature of the data. Outlier values may also be identified, and these may be incorrect data, or true and important outliers. This paper explains how to access Microsoft Excel's Analysis Toolpak and provides some pointers for the utilisation of the histogram tool within the Toolpak.
- Published
- 2018
165. Statistical analysis used in LIS research produced by Pakistani authors
- Author
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Ullah, Ahsan and Ameen, Kanwal
- Published
- 2022
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166. Academic publication activities and perspectives of rheumatology practitioners in the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Author
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Kahveci, Abdulvahap, Gümüştepe, Alper, Güven, Nurhan, Sunar, İsmihan, and Ataman, Şebnem
- Subjects
PUBLISHING ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,SERIAL publications ,CROSS-sectional method ,RHEUMATOLOGISTS ,MEDICAL referrals ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DRUG utilization ,MEDICAL appointments ,COVID-19 pandemic ,AUTHORSHIP ,MEDICAL research ,DISEASE exacerbation - Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the research, publication activities, and perspectives on clinical practices of rheumatology practitioners during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Materials and methods: The survey-based cross-sectional study was designed online and included 24 closed-ended questions. After performing a pilot test and validation of survey, it was conducted among clinicians between September 2021 and December 2021. Results: One-hundred fifteen clinicians (54 males, 61 females; 78.1% in rheumatology practice for at least five years) responded to the survey. The respondents indicated that they worked in coronavirus-related departments, comprising inpatient service (50.4%), consultancy (42.6%), and outpatient clinic (27.8%). Around 40% of clinicians stated they spent less time on scientific research (43.1%) and clinical learning activities (43.2%), while almost the same proportion of them spent more (41.1% and 45.0%, respectively). This study revealed that 53.5% published at least one paper covering mostly COVID-19 in the scientific citation index (SCI) or SCI-expanded (SCI-E) indexed journals. However, nearly half of them did not have any papers published in the SCI/SCI-E (46.5%) or non-SCI/SCI-E indexed (44.6%) journals. Regarding the perspectives of clinicians about clinical practices, they considered fewer biological (57.0%) and nonbiological (55.0%) drug usage, reported fewer outpatient clinic visits (88.2%), more newly diagnosed rheumatic diseases (62.5%), and more disease exacerbations (31.2%). Most of the clinicians (range, 76.2 to 86.3%) thought they accurately managed their patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Clinicians published mostly coronavirus-related papers in the pandemic era, and in the self-assessment, clinicians thought that they correctly manage their patients. In addition, this study reflected the frequency of academic publications and clinicians’ work routines during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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167. Mobile electronic versus paper case report forms in clinical trials: a randomized controlled trial
- Author
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Sein Schmidt, Knut Mai, Robert Fleischmann, Antje Kraft, and Anne-Marie Decker
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Randomization ,020205 medical informatics ,Electronic data capture ,Epidemiology ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Weight Loss ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,Electronic Health Records ,Humans ,REDCap ,030212 general & internal medicine ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Data collection ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Data handling ,Quality Improvement ,Data Accuracy ,Clinical trial ,Clinical research ,Data quality ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Electronic case report form ,Time efficiency ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Regulations, study design complexity and amounts of collected and shared data in clinical trials render efficient data handling procedures inevitable. Recent research suggests that electronic data capture can be key in this context but evidence is insufficient. This randomized controlled parallel group study tested the hypothesis that time efficiency is superior when electronic (eCRF) instead of paper case report forms (pCRF) are used for data collection. We additionally investigated predictors of time saving effects and data integrity. Methods This study was conducted on top of a clinical weight loss trial performed at a clinical research facility over six months. All study nurses and patients participating in the clinical trial were eligible to participate and randomly allocated to enter cross-sectional data obtained during routine visits either through pCRF or eCRF. A balanced randomization list was generated before enrolment commenced. 90 and 30 records were gathered for the time that 27 patients and 2 study nurses required to report 2025 and 2037 field values, respectively. The primary hypothesis, that eCRF use is faster than pCRF use, was tested by a two-tailed t-test. Analysis of variance and covariance were used to evaluate predictors of entry performance. Data integrity was evaluated by descriptive statistics. Results All randomized patients were included in the study (eCRF group n = 13, pCRF group n = 14). eCRF, as compared to pCRF, data collection was associated with significant time savings across all conditions (8.29 ± 5.15 min vs. 10.54 ± 6.98 min, p = .047). This effect was not defined by participant type, i.e. patients or study nurses (F(1,112) = .15, p = .699), CRF length (F(2,112) = .49, p = .609) or patient age (Beta = .09, p = .534). Additional 5.16 ± 2.83 min per CRF were saved with eCRFs due to data transcription redundancy when patients answered questionnaires directly in eCRFs. Data integrity was superior in the eCRF condition (0 versus 3 data entry errors). Conclusions This is the first study to prove in direct comparison that using eCRFs instead of pCRFs increases time efficiency of data collection in clinical trials, irrespective of item quantity or patient age, and improves data quality. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT02649907 .
- Published
- 2017
168. Concurrent session papers (in program order)
- Author
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Samantha Ness, Jo Hartley, Anthea Magarey, Stephanie R Partridge, and Jane Kellett
- Subjects
Vitamin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Vitamin d supplementation ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Vitamin D intake ,medicine.disease ,vitamin D deficiency ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Family medicine ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Sun exposure ,business - Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a worldwide issue with potential to adversely affect an individual's health. To date, no research has been conducted into the Vitamin D knowledge and practices of Australian Dietitians. The purpose of this study was to survey Dietitians on their knowledge and practices regarding Vitamin D intake, sources, supplementation, and affect on disease state. An online survey was disseminated to members of the Dietitians Association Australia (responses n = 134) via online national newsletters. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Where respondents made comments, answers were coded and placed into corresponding categories. Z‐scores were used to compare between responses. 29% of respondents identified that endogenous production contributes 90–100% of total Vitamin D. 42% of respondents correctly identified the recommendation of 10–15 minutes of sun exposure at low UV times to prevent deficiency. 31% of respondents correctly identified the cut‐off for mild deficiency, 20% for moderate deficiency, and 16% for severe deficiency. Approximately a third of respondents were unsure of the forms of Vitamin D supplements available or whether there were differences in potency. When asked about what their first‐line treatment for deficiency would be, 84% said supplements, 71% said increased sun exposure. Actual cases seen by respondents were treated by supplements (88%), and only 4% used increased sun exposure. Dietitians are well positioned to provide patients with advice on Vitamin D supplementation and sun exposure practices, but there is a need for clear and well‐disseminated guidelines for Vitamin D management by Dietitians.
- Published
- 2016
169. 'Reforms Looked Really Good on Paper': Rural Food Service Responses to the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010
- Author
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Elizabeth H. Golembiewski, Disa L. Cornish, and Natoshia M. Askelson
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Semi-structured interview ,education ,Health Promotion ,Childhood obesity ,Nutrition Policy ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical education ,Schools ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Administrative Personnel ,Food Services ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Philosophy ,Health promotion ,Telephone interview ,Guideline Adherence ,Rural Health Services ,sense organs ,Thematic analysis ,Rural area ,business ,Attitude to Health ,Qualitative research - Abstract
BACKGROUND The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHKA) required schools to make changes to meals provided to children. Rural school districts have limited resources, with increased obesity rates and local food insecurity. In this study we sought to understand the perceptions of rural food service directors and the barriers to implementing the changes. METHODS Food service directors from rural school districts were invited to complete a semistructured telephone interview and online survey. A total of 51 respondents completed both, 6 completed only the online survey, and 16 completed only the telephone interview. Qualitative interview data were analyzed through open thematic coding; descriptive statistics were calculated for the quantitative data. RESULTS Food service directors mostly perceived the changes as negative, challenging, and burdensome. They believed that the changes resulted from concern about childhood obesity, which they did not view as a problem for their students. Diverse challenges were reported related to cost, preparation, and student preference. CONCLUSIONS Food service directors in isolated, rural areas need support to enhance understanding of HHKA requirements, build professional networks to learn from one another, and communicate with students, families, and other stakeholders. Future efforts should focus on changing perceptions and supporting directors in order to make implementation a success.
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- 2016
170. Economic evaluations in medical technological innovations a mapping review of methodologies.
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van Lieshout, C., Frederix, G. W. J., and Schoonhoven, L.
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COST effectiveness ,MEDICAL technology ,DIFFUSION of innovations ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,QUALITY assurance - Abstract
Rationale: Economic evaluations play an important role in the development and implementation of healthcare innovations. For pharmaceutical products, the methodologies used are laid down in guidelines, whereas for medical technologies the guidelines are not as strenuous. The aim of this review was therefore to analyze what types of methodologies are used in economic evaluations of medical technologies. Methods: We performed a mapping review to identify economic evaluations for medical technologies. We decided to limit our search to one year (2022) and included cost utility and cost effectiveness analyses in which health technologies were evaluated. For each included study we identified the main methodological characteristics. Results: A total of 364 papers were included in the analysis, 268 (74%) contained cost-utility analyses and 91 (25%) cost-effectiveness analyses. A model was used in 236 (64%) analyses, 117 analyses were trial based evaluations. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses and/or bootstrapping was performed in 266 (73%) analyses. Deterministic sensitivity analyses were used in 306 (84%). Time horizon and perspective were underreported in 15–25% of the included studies. Conclusions: This review shows the wide range of methodologies used in economic evaluations as well as the extent and rigor in which these methodologies are used. Many of the included papers did no use or did not sufficiently report the use of appropriate standard methods. This may lead to research waste, a delay in successful implementation of valuable innovations and in the end may delay improvement patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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171. Comparison of visual similarity judgement on computer screens and on paper.
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Song, Guangfeng
- Subjects
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COLLEGE students , *USER interfaces , *TASK performance , *PRINT materials , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This article reports a study of how visual similarity judgement differs between the two media. Participants of the study judged dissimilarities of web pages both on screens in computer-based tasks and on printouts in paper-based tasks. Significant difference in similarity judgement was found between computer and paper tasks. This difference could neither be explained by the ecological difference in using computers and printouts, nor be explained by visual difference. The availability of interactive features of web pages on screens, compared to the lack of them on printouts, could account for the observed difference in similarity judgement, even though the features are not relevant to the tasks. The result highlights the significance of interactive features as parts of context change when tasks are moved between the two media. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2013
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172. Electronic versus paper records: documentation of pressure ulcer data.
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Tubaishat, Ahmad, Tawalbeh, Loai I., Al Azzam, Manar, AlBashtawy, Mohammed, and Batiha, Abdul-Monim
- Subjects
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AUDITING , *PRESSURE ulcers , *CHI-squared test , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DOCUMENTATION , *RESEARCH methodology , *NURSING records , *RISK assessment , *STATISTICAL sampling , *LITERATURE reviews , *PRINT materials , *CROSS-sectional method , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *DATA analysis software , *ELECTRONIC health records , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: The documentation of patient data on health records is a vital component of the care process. Accurate and complete recording of this data is a necessary practice. The adoption of electronic health records to improve the quality of nursing documentation is on the rise. Objectives: This study compares the accuracy and completeness of pressure ulcer data documentation between electronic and paper records. Design: A descriptive, comparative design with a retrospective review of patient records. Settings and sample: Two hospitals were chosen purposefully, one using electronic recording of patient data and the other using paper records. Methods: In the first phase, all hospitalised patients aged 18 years and over were inspected for pressure ulcers. In the second phase, the files of patients with pressure ulcers were audited. Results: Of the 52 patients with ulcers found in the hospital that used an electronic system, 43 of their records documented the pressure ulcers (83%). Of the 55 patients with pressure ulcers in the hospital using paper records, 39 files had corresponding documentation of the presence of a pressure ulcer (71%). Conclusion: In terms of accuracy and completeness, more comprehensive documentation practice was found on the electronic health records compared with paper records. However, both types of systems have shortcomings in the practice of pressure ulcer data documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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173. Evaluating diabetes care in primary healthcare centers in Abuja, Nigeria: a cross-sectional formative assessment.
- Author
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Orji, Ikechukwu A., Baldridge, Abigail S., Ikechukwu-Orji, Mercy U., Banigbe, Bolanle, Eze, Nelson C., Chopra, Aashima, Omitiran, Kasarachi, Iyer, Guhan, Odoh, Deborah, Alex-Okoh, Morenike, Reng, Rifkatu, Hirschhorn, Lisa R., Huffman, Mark D., and Ojji, Dike B.
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DIAGNOSIS of diabetes ,TREATMENT of diabetes ,HEALTH services accessibility ,CROSS-sectional method ,MEDICAL protocols ,MEDICAL personnel ,RURAL health ,BLOOD sugar monitors ,MANAGEMENT information systems ,RESEARCH funding ,PRIMARY health care ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RURAL health services ,ROUTINE diagnostic tests ,MEDICAL screening ,DRUGS ,DATA analysis software ,HEALTH information systems ,EQUIPMENT & supplies - Abstract
Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are associated with high and rising burden of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the leading causes of NCD-related deaths worldwide and is a foremost public health problem in Nigeria. As part of National policy, Nigeria has committed to implement the World Health Organization (WHO) Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease interventions for primary care. Implementing the intervention requires the availability of essential elements, including guidelines, trained staff, health management information systems (HMIS), equipment, and medications, in primary healthcare centers (PHCs). This study assessed the availability of the DM component of the WHO package, and the readiness of the health workers in these PHCs to implement a DM screening, evaluation, and management program to inform future adoption and implementation. Methods: This cross-sectional formative assessment adapted the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool to survey 30 PHCs selected by multistage sampling for readiness to deliver DM diagnosis and care in Abuja, Nigeria, between August and October 2021. The SARA tool was adapted to focus on DM services and the availability and readiness indicator scores were calculated based on the proportion of PHCs with available DM care services, minimum staff requirement, diagnostic tests, equipment, medications, and national guidelines/protocols for DM care within the defined SARA domain. Results: All 30 PHCs reported the availability of at least two full-time staff (median [interquartile range] = 5 [4–9]), which were mostly community health extension workers (median [interquartile range]) = 3 [1–4]. At least one staff member was recently trained in DM care in 11 PHCs (36%). The study also reported high availability of paper-based HMIS (100%), and DM screening services using a glucometer (87%), but low availability of DM job aids (27%), treatment (23%), and national guidelines/protocols (0%). Conclusion: This formative assessment of PHCs' readiness to implement a DM screening, evaluation, and management program in Abuja demonstrated readiness to integrate DM care into PHCs regarding equipment, paper-based HMIS, and nonphysician health workers' availability. However, strategies are needed to promote DM health workforce training, provide DM management guidelines, and supply essential DM medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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174. A Qualitative Synthesis Exploring the Potential Role for Mental Health Occupational Therapists Working with Patients in Seclusion.
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Knight, Lindsey, Bowser, Anita, and Donovan-Hall, Maggie K.
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MENTAL health ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,CINAHL database ,WORK environment ,SECLUSION of psychiatric hospital patients ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems - Abstract
Despite guidance to minimize restrictive practice within the UK, seclusion and long-term segregation are necessary to maintain the safety of patients and clinicians. There is little evidence to guide the work of occupational therapists with secluded patients. A literature search identified seven papers that met the study inclusion criteria. A deductive approach to thematic analysis was conducted using the 'Model of Human Occupation' as a theoretical framework to identify issues related to occupational need during a period of seclusion. Findings indicate ways in which occupational therapists could engage with patients in seclusion and suggest a need for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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175. WordSword: An Efficient Online Word Reading Assessment for Global English.
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Ho, Jana Chi-San, McBride, Catherine, Lui, Kelvin Fai Hong, and Łockiewicz, Marta
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READING ,RECOGNITION (Psychology) ,DIGITAL technology ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,DATA analysis ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,STATISTICAL significance ,RESEARCH methodology evaluation ,RESEARCH evaluation ,INTERNET ,AGE distribution ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ENGLISH as a foreign language ,RESEARCH methodology ,STATISTICS ,DATA analysis software ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
The development of efficient and reliable online assessments has become increasingly important in the digital era. We developed a 10-min online word reading assessment of global English based on the existing paper-and-pencil version of our English silent word reading test. The test includes two parts, namely, random word recognition and contextual word reading. A total of 889 participants (437 children and 392 adults; 62.7% female) took part in the study. They were from various regions including mainland China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Poland, the United States, and the Philippines. Reliability and validity analyses on various demographics samples (by age and country/region of origin) demonstrated that the WordSword Test is highly reliable and valid (e.g., the correlation of this test with other English reading measures were above.80). Education level was positively correlated with test performance, while the correlations between age and test performance were not consistent. Ninety-seven children participants also took the paper-and-pencil version of the WordSword Test. The correlation between performances on the online and paper-and-pencil versions of the test was.879, one year apart. With more children and adults taking the WordSword Test, we ultimately hope to establish norms by area, grade level, and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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176. Mind the Mode: Differences in Paper vs. Web-Based Survey Modes Among Women With Cancer
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Teresa L. Hagan, Heidi S. Donovan, and Sarah M. Belcher
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Time Factors ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Applied psychology ,Context (language use) ,Vulnerable Populations ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Survey methodology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neoplasms ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine ,Humans ,Generalizability theory ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Nursing ,Selection Bias ,media_common ,Aged ,Selection bias ,Cancer survivor ,Internet ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Patient Preference ,Middle Aged ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Data quality ,Linear Models ,Survey data collection ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Social psychology - Abstract
Context Researchers administering surveys seek to balance data quality, sources of error, and practical concerns when selecting an administration mode. Rarely are decisions about survey administration based on the background of study participants, although socio-demographic characteristics like age, education, and race may contribute to participants' (non)responses. Objectives In this study, we describe differences in paper- and web-based surveys administered in a national cancer survivor study of women with a history of cancer to compare the ability of each survey administrative mode to provide quality, generalizable data. Methods We compared paper- and web-based survey data by socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, missing data rates, scores on primary outcome measure, and administrative costs and time using descriptive statistics, tests of mean group differences, and linear regression. Results Our findings indicate that more potentially vulnerable patients preferred paper questionnaires and that data quality, responses, and costs significantly varied by mode and participants' demographic information. We provide targeted suggestions for researchers conducting survey research to reduce survey error and increase generalizability of study results to the patient population of interest. Conclusion Researchers must carefully weigh the pros and cons of survey administration modes to ensure a representative sample and high-quality data.
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- 2017
177. Upgrading the Chemotherapy Consent: Trading in Paper for Tablet.
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Wu, Lesley, Smith, Cardinale B., Parra, Jessica, Liu, Mark, Theroux, Haley Hines, and Bhardwaj, Aarti S.
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AUDITING ,SPECIALTY hospitals ,PROBLEM solving ,CANCER chemotherapy ,INFORMED consent (Medical law) ,CANCER patients ,CANCER treatment ,HUMAN services programs ,HEALTH care teams ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PATIENT compliance ,MEDICAL needs assessment ,BREAST tumors - Abstract
PURPOSE Our institution participated in the Oncology Care Model, which required us to include many of the 13 elements of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) care plan into care pathways for our patients. We optimized our existing chemotherapy consent process to meet this need and maximized completion. METHODS Our multidisciplinary committee developed a three-phase Plan-Do-Study-Act process in our breast cancer clinic: (1) update and educate providers on our paper chemotherapy form with multiple components of the NAM care plan including prognosis and treatment effects on quality of life; (2) piloted an electronic chemotherapy consent form to decrease the administrative burden; and (3) autopopulated fields within the electronic consent. We assessed feedback after cycle 1 and created a Pareto chart. The outcome measure was percent completion of chemotherapy consent documents. RESULTS Baseline monthly random chart audit of 40 patients revealed 20% of paper chemotherapy consent forms were completed in their entirety among patients. When we re-educated clinicians about the new paper consent containing the NAM elements, compliance rose to nearly 30%. A Pareto chart confirmed that content redundancy and wordiness were leading to under-completion. After creating and piloting the electronic consent, compliance increased to 90%. Finally, autopopulation with drop-down selections increased and sustained completion to 100%. CONCLUSION Incorporating regulatory requirements into an existing workflow using Plan-Do-Study-Act methodology can reduce administrative burden on clinicians. Additional use of innovative technology can further increase clinician compliance with regulatory requirements while delivering high-value quality care to patients with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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178. The 50 most influential papers pertaining to the Ilizarov method: A bibliometric analysis.
- Author
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Murphy, Ben, Irwin, Shane, and Condon, Finbarr
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BONE lengthening (Orthopedics) ,SERIAL publications ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,CITATION analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PERIODICAL articles ,IMPACT factor (Citation analysis) - Abstract
The Ilizarov method has become a widely recognised surgical technique. A bibliometric analysis of the 50 most-cited publications relating to the Ilizarov method was carried out. Cumulative number of citations was 4,918. Mean number of citations was 98. h-index was 50. Impact factor of these journals ranged from 0.5-5.082. Our study suggests that a highly cited and influential paper likely originated from an American journal with a high impact factor and was published in the 1990s/2000s. Our compilation of the 50 most influential papers on the Ilizarov method will prove invaluable to those in training and those involved in further advancing the technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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179. A Comparison of Adaptive Learning Within the SOI Model Using Paper and Computer Presentation
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Huei-Ping Chen, Wen-Yi Lin, and Fang-Ming Hwang
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Descriptive statistics ,Multimedia ,Concept map ,Computer science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cognition ,computer.software_genre ,Empirical research ,Software ,Reading comprehension ,Reading (process) ,Adaptive learning ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Natural language processing ,media_common - Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to analyses adaptive learning of elementary students’ reading comprehension within multi-strategy using different tools. By applying the SOI model (Mayer 1996), three knowledge constructions of cognitive process, the reading comprehension for guiding three cognitive processes is developed in our design website tool named Multiple Online Reading Strategies System. The three multifunctional strategies in online reading strategies system, Selecting relevant information, Organizing incoming information, and Integrating incoming information with exist knowledge, could be applied to highlighting important information, concept mapping, and summarizing to determine topic sentences or important sentences in an article. Data are collected from elementary school in Taiwan and 245 questionnaires are collected in our study. These data are analyzed by the SPSS-for-windows software with statistical methods, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of the empirical study suggest that adopting the highlighting method for students to understand articles and employing concept mapping and summarizing strategies to improve students’ comparative analysis capabilities are conducive to establishing compact reading strategies for them whether students use online or on paper.
- Published
- 2017
180. The greening of poverty reduction strategy papers: a process approach to sustainability assessment
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Luc Hens, Jean Huge, and Human Ecology
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Poverty ,Public economics ,Descriptive statistics ,Process (engineering) ,Economics ,Sustainability assessment ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Social sustainability ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Social learning ,Sociology ,Sustainability ,Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper ,Benin ,Sustainability organizations ,Environmental planning ,Biology - Abstract
Despite their alleged comprehensiveness and the many linkages between poverty and environment, most poverty reduction strategy papers have until now insufficiently acknowledged the importance of environmental sustainability. To tackle this shortcoming, participative processes were initiated to 'green' PRSPs (meaning the integration of environmental sustainability as a cross-cutting issue). This supposes a process approach to decision-making and implies opening up the policy process to a wide range of societal actors. This approach is conceptualised as a sustainability assessment. A descriptive analysis of the Benin PRSP-greening initiative is presented, based on interviews and on literature research. Subsequently, issues of importance in appreciating the wider impact of PRSP-greening are suggested. Besides the quality improvements of the PRSP, greening contributes to a gradual change in the way decision-making is perceived and contributes to social learning. Furthermore, it is a promising approach that contributes to the institutionalisation of environmental sustainability in Africa.
- Published
- 2009
181. Transitioning From Paper to Digital: State Statutory and Regulatory Frameworks for Health Information Technology.
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Schmit, Cason, Sunshine, Gregory, Pepin, Dawn, Ramanathan, Tara, Menon, Akshara, and Penn, Matthew
- Subjects
- *
LAWYERS , *POPULATION geography , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EVIDENCE-based medicine , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ELECTRONIC health records , *ELECTRONIC health record laws - Abstract
Objectives: In all health system sectors, electronic health information (EHI) is created, used, released, and reused. We examined states' efforts to address EHI uses in law to provide an understanding of the EHI legal environment. Methods: Attorney researchers used WestlawNext to search for EHI-related statutes and regulations of the US states, US territories, and the District of Columbia in effect as of January 2014. The researchers independently catalogued provisions by the EHI use described in the law. Researchers resolved discrepancies through peer review meetings and recorded the consensus codes for each law. Results: This study identified 2364 EHI-related laws representing 49 EHI uses in 54 jurisdictions. A total of 18 EHI uses were regulated by ≥10 jurisdictions. More than 750 laws addressed 2 or more EHI uses. Jurisdictions varied by the number of EHI laws in effect, with a mean of 44 laws. Texas had the most EHI laws (n = 145). Hawaii and South Carolina had the fewest (n = 14 each). Conclusions: The EHI legal landscape is complex. The large quantity and diversity of laws complicate legal analysis, likely delay implementation of public health solutions, and might be detrimental to the development of emerging health information technology. Research is needed to understand the effect of EHI-related laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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182. Comparison of web-based versus paper-and-pencil administration of a humor survey
- Author
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Wang, Chia-Chi, Liu, Kun-Shia, Cheng, Chih-Ling, and Cheng, Ying-Yao
- Subjects
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SURVEY methodology , *INTERNET surveys , *ANALYSIS of variance , *STUDENT surveys , *EDUCATIONAL surveys , *COLLEGE wit & humor , *INTERNET , *WIT & humor , *UNDERGRADUATES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Abstract: This study compared the measurement invariance of paper-and-pencil (PP) and web-based (WB) administration formats through a humor survey. Participants were 401 undergraduate students divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D), and each group completed one of the four testing conditions (group A: PP→PP, group B: PP→WB, group C: WB→PP, and group D: WB→WB). The WB and PP versions of the revised Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (Wang, Cheng, Liu, & Ho, 2011), which measure humor production, attitudes toward humor, and humor coping, were administered to the participants. The results indicated that both of the PP and WB survey formats were practically invariant. No significant differences across administration situations were found for humor production or humor coping. Interestingly, the mean score of the WB format was significantly higher than that of PP format on attitudes toward humor. The findings suggest that researchers should carefully examine the measurement invariance and the effect of characteristics of the construct on measurement results when using a WB-format instrument. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
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183. Health professionals’ and patients’ perspectives on pelvic floor muscle training adherence-2011 ICS State-of-the-Science Seminar research paper IV of IV
- Author
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Chantale Dumoulin, Jean Hay-Smith, Aishath Mahfooza, Doreen McClurg, and Helena Frawley
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Urology ,Pelvic pain ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Ethnic group ,Alternative medicine ,Qualitative property ,Family medicine ,Facilitator ,Perception ,Cohort ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Aims There is scant information on pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) adherence barriers and facilitators. A web-based survey was conducted (1) to investigate whether responses from health professionals and the public broadly reflected findings in the literature, (2) if responses differed between the two groups, and (3) to identify new research directions. Methods Health professional and public surveys were posted on the ICS website. PFMT adherence barriers and facilitators were divided into four categories: physical/condition, patient, therapy, and social-economic. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics from quantitative data and thematic data analysis for qualitative data. Results Five hundred and fifteen health professionals and 51 public respondents participated. Both cohorts felt “patient-related factors” constituted the most important adherence barrier, but differed in their rankings of short- and long-term barriers. Health professionals rated “patient-related” and the public “therapy-related” factors as the most important adherence facilitator. Both ranked “perception of PFMT benefit” as the most important long-term facilitator. Contrary to published findings, symptom severity was not ranked highly. Neither cohort felt the barriers nor facilitators differed according to PFM condition (urinary/faecal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, pelvic pain); however, a large number of health professionals felt differences existed across age, gender, and ethnicity. Half of respondents in both cohorts felt research barriers and facilitators differed from those in clinical practice. Conclusions An emphasis on “patient-related” factors, ahead of “condition-specific” and “therapy-related,” affecting PFMT adherence barriers was evident. Health professionals need to be aware of the importance of long-term patient perception of PFMT benefits and consider enabling strategies. Neurourol. Urodynam. 34:???–???, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Published
- 2015
184. Back pain beliefs in adolescents and adults in Australasia: A cross-sectional pilot study of selected psychometric properties of paper-based and web-based questionnaires in two diverse countries.
- Author
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Boon-Kiang Tan, Burnett, Angus, Hallett, Jonathan, Amy Ha, and Briggs, Andrew M.
- Subjects
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LUMBAR pain , *ANALYSIS of variance , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *STATISTICAL correlation , *HEALTH attitudes , *PROBABILITY theory , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *PILOT projects , *HUMAN research subjects , *CROSS-sectional method , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *ADOLESCENCE , *ADULTS , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether questionnaires measuring psychosocial constructs related to low back pain (LBP) that were originally designed for adults are suitable for adolescents, and if paper and web-versions have similar measurement properties. OBJECTIVES: To examine selected psychometric properties for the paper- and web-based Back-Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) and the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ-phys) among adults and adolescents in two diverse countries and to determine whether differences existed between countries and pain groups. METHODS: A sample of 156 adults (Hong Kong, n = 75; Australia, n = 81) and 96 adolescents (Hong Kong, n = 61; Australia, n = 35) participated in this cross-sectional study. RESULTS: Main effects for country and administration mode were observed in adult BBQ scores, where Australian adults reported significantly higher BBQ scores than Hong Kong adults (mean difference (MD); 95% CI: 2.85; 0.96-4.74) and significantly higher scores were recorded on the web mode compared to the paper mode (MD 0.74; 0.10-1.38). Similarly, Hong Kong adults and adolescents reported higher FABQ-phys scores than Australian adults and adolescents (MD; 95% CI: 3.40; 1.37-5.43 and 4.88; 0.53-9.23, respectively). Internal consistency values were mostly acceptable (α⩾0.7). CONCLUSION: Differences exist between cultures for LBP-related beliefs. The BBQ and FABQ-phys have acceptable measurement properties in both administration modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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185. Evaluation of a hybrid paper-electronic medication management system at a residential aged care facility.
- Author
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Elliott, Rohan A., Cik Yin Lee, and Hussainy, Safeera Y.
- Subjects
- *
DRUG dosage , *DRUG delivery systems , *ELDER care , *AUDITING , *PHARMACY databases , *MEDICAL protocols , *MEDICATION errors , *PROBABILITY theory , *RESEARCH funding , *THERAPEUTICS , *RESIDENTIAL care , *CROSS-sectional method , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Objectives: The aims of the study were to investigate discrepancies between general practitioners' paper medication orders and pharmacy-prepared electronic medication administration charts, back-up paper charts and dose-administration aids, as well as delays between prescribing, charting and administration, at a 90-bed residential aged care facility that used a hybrid paper-electronic medication management system. Methods: A cross-sectional audit of medication orders, medication charts and dose-administration aids was performed to identify discrepancies. In addition, a retrospective audit was performed of delays between prescribing and availability of an updated electronic medication administration chart. Medication administration records were reviewed retrospectively to determine whether discrepancies and delays led to medication administration errors. Results: Medication records for 88 residents (mean age 86 years) were audited. Residents were prescribed a median of eight regular medicines (interquartile range 5-12). One hundred and twenty-five discrepancies were identified. Fortyseven discrepancies, affecting 21 (24%) residents, led to a medication administration error. The most common discrepancies were medicine omission (44.0%) and extra medicine (19.2%). Delays from when medicines were prescribed to when they appeared on the electronic medication administration chart ranged from 18 min to 98 h. On nine occasions (for 10% of residents) the delay contributed to missed doses, usually antibiotics. Conclusion: Medication discrepancies and delays were common. Improved systems for managing medication orders and charts are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
186. Comparison of Multiple Measures of Noise Exposure in Paper Mills.
- Author
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Neitzel, Richard L., Andersson, Marianne, and Andersson, Eva
- Subjects
- *
COMPARATIVE studies , *STATISTICAL correlation , *NOISE-induced deafness , *RESEARCH methodology , *NOISE , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RADIATION dosimetry , *T-test (Statistics) , *MANUFACTURING industries , *OCCUPATIONAL hazards , *ENVIRONMENTAL exposure , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: Noise exposures are associated with a host of adverse health effects, yet these exposures remain inadequately characterized in many industrial operations, including paper mills. We assessed noise at four paper mills using three measures: (i) personal noise dosimetry, (ii) area noise measurements, and (iii) questionnaire items addressing several different aspects of perceived noise exposure. Methods: We assessed exposures to noise characterized using the three measures and compared the relationships between them. We also estimated the validity of each of the three measures using a novel application of the Method of Triads, which does not appear to have been used previously in the occupational health literature. Results: We collected 209 valid dosimetry measurements and collected perceived noise exposure survey items from 170 workers, along with 100 area measurements. We identified exposures in excess of 85 dBA at all mills. The dosimetry and area noise measurements assigned to individual subjects generally showed good agreement, but for some operations within mill, large differences between the two measures were observed, and a substantial fraction of paired measures differed by >5 dB. Perceived noise exposures varied greatly between the mills, particularly for an item related to difficulty speaking in noise. One perceived noise exposure item related to difficulty hearing due to noise showed strong and significant correlations with both dosimetry and area measurements. The Method of Triads analysis showed that dosimetry measures had the highest estimated validity coefficient (0.70), and that the best performing perceived exposure measure had validity that exceeded that of area measurements (0.48 versus 0.40, respectively). Conclusions: Workers in Swedish pulp mills have the potential for exposures to high levels of noise. Our results suggest that, while dosimetry remains the preferred approach to exposure assessment, perceived noise exposures can be used to evaluate potential exposures to noise in epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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187. Contribution of postdoctoral fellows to fast-moving and competitive scientific research.
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Igami, Masatsura, Nagaoka, Sadao, and Walsh, John
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POSTDOCTORAL programs ,FELLOWSHIP ,SCIENTISTS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This study explores the prevalence of postdoctoral fellows in fast-moving and competitive scientific research. We use the results of a new and original large-scale survey of scientists in Japan and the United States for the analyses. Descriptive statistics show that, in both Japan and the United States: (1) the mean citation time lag was shorter by about 2 years in the highly cited papers (top 1 %) compared to other normal papers; and (2) the perceived degree of competitive threat was also higher for the projects producing the highly cited papers compared to those for normal papers. We also found that the likelihood of participation of postdoctoral fellows is significantly higher in research with shorter mean time lag and higher competitive threat (while that of students is not), controlling for author size, suggesting that postdoctoral fellows are especially prevalent in research efforts in fast-moving and competitive scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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188. STRAWBERRY ANALYSIS WRITING A PAPER-BASED PHD.
- Author
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Presthus, Wanda and Bygstad, Bendik
- Subjects
DOCTOR of philosophy degree ,DATA analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ANALYTICAL chemistry ,ACID analysis - Abstract
Many PhD students write paper-based dissertations. This has several advantages; by dividing the PhD project into smaller pieces you get published early, and also reduce the overall risk of running out of time and funding. However, at one point you will need to write a PhD Summary, which essentially should show that all the pieces fit together into one consistent contribution. This is often more difficult and time consuming than expected, and the PhD student - while now well versed in the chosen research method - is often at loss regarding how to do this. Enter Strawberry Analysis. Building on Carney's Ladder of Analytical Abstraction and Miles & Huberman's data analysis techniques we suggest a framework that guides the PhD student through four steps of analytical abstraction and synthesis, enabling her or him to integrate the contributions of each paper. We illustrate the approach by an example, and discuss the usefulness of the framework. This study should be useful to PhD students writing a paper-based PhD, particularly those who have published a few papers and are in the second half of writing the Summary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
189. A post-transcriptional regulatory landscape of aging in the female mouse hippocampus.
- Author
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Winsky-Sommerer, Raphaelle, King, Helen A., Iadevaia, Valentina, Möller-Levet, Carla, and Gerber, André P.
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RNA analysis ,MITOCHONDRIAL physiology ,CALCIUM metabolism ,HIPPOCAMPUS physiology ,ANIMAL behavior ,SEQUENCE analysis ,PAPER chromatography ,ANIMAL experimentation ,RNA-binding proteins ,IMMUNE system ,BIOINFORMATICS ,MOLECULAR biology ,NEUROINFLAMMATION ,CELL cycle ,GENE expression ,GENE expression profiling ,AGING ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,MICE - Abstract
Aging is associated with substantial physiological changes and constitutes a major risk factor for neurological disorders including dementia. Alterations in gene expression upon aging have been extensively studied; however, an in-depth characterization of post-transcriptional regulatory events remains elusive. Here, we profiled the age-related changes of the transcriptome and translatome in the female mouse hippocampus by RNA sequencing of total RNA and polysome preparations at four ages (3-, 6-, 12-, 20-month-old); and we implemented a variety of bioinformatics approaches to unravel alterations in transcript abundance, alternative splicing, and polyadenylation site selection. We observed mostly wellcoordinated transcriptome and translatome expression signatures across age including upregulation of transcripts related to immune system processes and neuroinflammation, though transcripts encoding ribonucleoproteins or associated with mitochondrial functions, calcium signaling and the cell-cycle displayed substantial discordant profiles, suggesting translational control associated with age-related deficits in hippocampal-dependent behavior. By contrast, alternative splicing was less preserved, increased with age and was associated with distinct functionally-related transcripts encoding proteins acting at synapses/dendrites, RNA-binding proteins; thereby predicting regulatory roles for RBM3 and CIRBP. Only minor changes in polyadenylation site selection were identified, indicating pivotal 3'-end selection in young adults compared to older groups. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive resource of age-associated post-transcriptional regulatory events in the mouse hippocampus, enabling further examination of the molecular features underlying age-associated neurological diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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190. Journal of Hospital Librarianship: A Bibliometric Analysis 2001-2020.
- Author
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Haq, Ikram Ul, Rehman, Shafiq Ur, Aqil, Mohammad, Siddiqi, Aysha, Muhammad, Asif Ali Bao, and Jbeen, Akira
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ONLINE information services ,CINAHL database ,ACADEMIC medical centers ,BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,SERIAL publications ,CITATION analysis ,HEALTH ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MEDLINE ,MEDICAL librarianship - Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the Journal of Hospital Librarianship (JHL) publications between 2001 and 2020 as indexed in Elsevier's Scopus database. The dataset was extracted on February 25, 2021 and 807 records were identified for data analysis. Various bibliometric indicators of the papers were assessed. There was an average of 1.32 citations per document. Sixty percent of the papers were single-authored, but the multi-author papers had a higher number of citations. The USA was identified as the country with the most contributions; Louisiana State University was the highest contributing institution, while Helen-Ann Brown Epstein was the most prolific author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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191. Scoping review of the person-centered literature in adult physical rehabilitation.
- Author
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Jesus, Tiago S., Bright, Felicity A., Pinho, Cátia S., Papadimitriou, Christina, Kayes, Nicola M., and Cott, Cheryl A.
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ONLINE information services ,CINAHL database ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PATIENT-centered care ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,REHABILITATION ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,LITERATURE reviews ,ELECTRONIC publications ,MEDLINE ,STATISTICAL sampling - Abstract
To describe the amount, range, and key characteristics (e.g., publication years, methods, topics) of the person-centered rehabilitation literature in adults with physical impairments. Following the published scoping review protocol, papers were identified through: three major databases, snowball searches and expert consultation. Two independent reviewers have identified English-language papers on adult person-centered rehabilitation according to six pre-defined inclusion categories – theoretical, quantitative and qualitive research papers are included; and then have extracted their key characteristics (e.g., aims, methods, participants). Descriptive statistics, regression and content analyses were used to synthesize the results. Of 5912 deduplicated records initially screened, 170 papers were included: 136 empirical, including 13 systematic reviews. Empirical papers had data from 15264 clients and 4098 providers, in total. Yearly publications grew significantly from 2009 to 2018 (r
2 = 0.71; b = 1.98: p < 0.01). Publications were unevenly distributed by countries (e.g., United States' publications per population was 44 times lower than New Zealand's). Most papers focused in more than one profession, setting-type or health conditions. Finally, many empirical papers (n = 67) studied implementation of person-centered rehabilitation approaches, including its effect. This scoping review synthesizes key characteristics and publication trends in the person-centered rehabilitation literature on adults with physical impairments, a growing but unchartered territory thus far. This large and diverse body of literature can ground further person-centered rehabilitation practices and research, including toward building a transdisciplinary, trans-service model of person-centered rehabilitation. The person-centered rehabilitation literature on adults with physical impairments, especially the empirical one, has been growing significantly over time, despite inequitably distributed per countries. Rehabilitation stakeholders, including practitioners, have a growing amount of literature in which they can rely for the operationalization and implementation of person-centered rehabilitation approaches into routine practice. Based on our work, person-centered rehabilitation emerges as a practice requirement that cuts across professional and other rehabilitation silos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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192. Generating keyphrases for readers: A controllable keyphrase generation framework.
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Jiang, Yi, Meng, Rui, Huang, Yong, Lu, Wei, and Liu, Jiawei
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SEMANTICS ,NATURAL language processing ,TASK performance ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,INFORMATION retrieval ,ACCESS to information ,INFORMATION science ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,ABSTRACTING & indexing services ,READING ,BLOGS ,INFORMATION technology - Abstract
With the wide application of keyphrases in many Information Retrieval (IR) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, automatic keyphrase prediction has been emerging. However, these statistically important phrases are contributing increasingly less to the related tasks because the end‐to‐end learning mechanism enables models to learn the important semantic information of the text directly. Similarly, keyphrases are of little help for readers to quickly grasp the paper's main idea because the relationship between the keyphrase and the paper is not explicit to readers. Therefore, we propose to generate keyphrases with specific functions for readers to bridge the semantic gap between them and the information producers, and verify the effectiveness of the keyphrase function for assisting users' comprehension with a user experiment. A controllable keyphrase generation framework (the CKPG) that uses the keyphrase function as a control code to generate categorized keyphrases is proposed and implemented based on Transformer, BART, and T5, respectively. For the Computer Science domain, the Macro‐avgs of P@5, R@5, and F1@5 on the Paper with Code dataset are up to 0.680, 0.535, and 0.558, respectively. Our experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the CKPG models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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193. Cognitive Structure of Origami Imagery.
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Fujiki, Akiko and Nishihara, Shinkichi
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ANALYSIS of variance ,COGNITION ,IMAGINATION ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,VISUAL perception ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,FACTOR analysis ,CHI-squared test ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,VISUALIZATION ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
While previous studies found that origami, when used for cognitive training and education, can improve spatial ability, the underlying mechanisms of this change, presumably associated with the origami folding process, remain unclear. In the present study, we focused on origami imagery in which participants imagined the process of folding paper to create a work of art; and we examined the cognitive factors involved in the imagery process and their association with mental transformations and the extent to which visual imagery was vivid. We identified four specific relevant cognitive factors in origami imagery: (a) controllability of origami transformations, (b) visual imagery of shapes, (c) hand sensations, and (d) visual imagery of colors. We associated the first two of these with non-rigid transformations: the controllability of origami transformations and the visual imagery of shapes. Moreover, vividness of visual imagery was related to all four cognitive factors. We propose this cognitive model of origami as one that considers the key relationships between origami imagery, mental transformations, and vividness of visual imagery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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194. Findings From the INANE Survey on Student Papers Submitted to Nursing Journals
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Maureen Shawn Kennedy, Jacqueline K. Owens, and Jamesetta Newland
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Best practice ,Professional behavior ,Writing ,Alternative medicine ,Qualitative property ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Education, Nursing, Graduate ,General Nursing ,Nursing literature ,Publishing ,030504 nursing ,Descriptive statistics ,business.industry ,Mentors ,Content analysis ,Faculty, Nursing ,Students, Nursing ,Periodicals as Topic ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Editorial Policies - Abstract
Nursing students are often encouraged or required to submit scholarly work for consideration for publication but most manuscripts or course assignment papers do not meet journal standards and consume valuable resources from editors and peer reviewers. The International Academy of Nursing Editors (INANE) is a group of nurse editors and publishers dedicated to promoting best practices in publishing in the nursing literature. In August 2014, editors at INANE's annual meeting voiced frustrations over multiple queries, poorly written student papers, and lack of proper behavior in following through. This article describes the findings of a survey distributed to INANE members to seek feedback about submissions by students. Fifty-three (53) members responded to an online anonymous survey developed by the INANE Student Papers Work Group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for Likert-type questions and content analysis of open-ended questions. Quantitative data revealed that most editors reported problems with student papers across all levels of graduate programs. Six themes emerged from the qualitative data: submissions fail to follow author guidelines; characteristics of student submissions; lack of professional behavior from students; lack of professional behavior from faculty; editor responses to student submissions; and faculty as mentors. These themes formed the basis for recommendations and strategies to improve student scholarly writing. Overall, editors endorsed supporting new scholars in the publication process but faculty engagement was integral to student success.
- Published
- 2016
195. A cross-over study comparing an online versus a paper 7-day food record: focus on total water intake data and participant's perception of the records.
- Author
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Monnerie, B., Tavoularis, L., Guelinckx, I., Hebel, P., Boisvieux, T., Cousin, A., and Bellego, L.
- Subjects
- *
ANALYSIS of variance , *BEVERAGES , *CHI-squared test , *CROSSOVER trials , *DOCUMENTATION , *DRINKING (Physiology) , *INTERVIEWING , *NUTRITIONAL requirements , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *PROBABILITY theory , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *MICRONUTRIENTS , *WATER , *DATA analysis , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Purpose: To compare (1) fluid, food and nutrient intake obtained with a paper versus an online version of a 7-day food record and (2) user's acceptability of both versions of the food record. Methods: A cross-over study was carried out in 2010 in France. A total of 246 participants aged 18-60 years reported their food and fluid intake using both versions of the 7-day food record, separated by a 7- to 14-day washout period. To help participants in estimating consumed portions, both versions of the food record were supported by a photographic booklet of standard portions and containers. At the end of the study protocol, participants completed a questionnaire designed to assess the acceptability of the two questionnaires. Results: The reported water intake of fluids was significantly higher with the online version compared with the paper version (respectively 1348 ± 36 and 1219 ± 34 mL/day, p < 0.0001). No difference was found between methods in terms of energy intake and the consumption of most food categories, macro- and micronutrients. Furthermore, 77 % of the participants preferred the online method to the paper version. Conclusions: Fluid intake, but not food intake, reported with the online 7-day food record was higher in comparison with the paper version. In addition, the online version was preferred by users. In population surveys, the online record is therefore a relevant alternative, and even a preferred alternative in the case of fluid intake, to the paper record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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196. Parenting in youth sport: A position paper on parenting expertise.
- Author
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Harwood, Chris G. and Knight, Camilla J.
- Subjects
- *
SPORTS events , *ABILITY , *ADOLESCENCE , *CHILD development , *EMOTIONS , *INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *INTELLECT , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *PARENTING , *ROLE models , *SELF-management (Psychology) , *SPORTS , *SPORTS psychology , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EVIDENCE-based medicine , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *SOCIAL support , *SPORTS participation , *ATHLETIC associations , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objectives In line with the aims of this special issue, the purpose of this paper is to forward a position on the concept of sport parenting expertise through the presentation of six key postulates. Design Literature review and position statement. Method By adopting methods associated with an academic position paper, a statement is presented that we believe encapsulates sport parenting expertise. Six key postulates of parenting expertise, formulated from critically reviewing and interpreting relevant literature, are then presented. Results We propose that sport parenting expertise is dependent on the degree to which parents demonstrate a range of competencies; namely that parents, (a) select appropriate sporting opportunities and provide necessary types of support, (b) understand and apply appropriate parenting styles, (c) manage the emotional demands of competitions, (d) foster healthy relationships with significant others, (e) manage organizational and developmental demands associated with sport participation, and, (f) adapt their involvement to different stages of their child's athletic career. Conclusion Expertise in sport parenting requires parents to develop knowledge and utilize a range of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational skills in order to support their child, manage themselves, and operate effectively in the wider youth sport environment. Recommendations for applied researchers to further investigate these postulates and substantiate the components of sport parenting expertise are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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197. Self-Monitoring of Dietary Intake by Young Women: Online Food Records Completed on Computer or Smartphone Are as Accurate as Paper-Based Food Records but More Acceptable.
- Author
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Hutchesson, Melinda J., Rollo, Megan E., Callister, Robin, and Collins, Clare E.
- Subjects
- *
ANTHROPOMETRY , *CALORIMETRY , *CROSSOVER trials , *ENERGY metabolism , *INGESTION , *POCKET computers , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *CELL phones , *SELF-evaluation , *BODY mass index , *ACCELEROMETRY , *FOOD diaries , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Adherence and accuracy of self-monitoring of dietary intake influences success in weight management interventions. Information technologies such as computers and smartphones have the potential to improve adherence and accuracy by reducing the burden associated with monitoring dietary intake using traditional paper-based food records. We evaluated the acceptability and accuracy of three different 7-day food record methods (online accessed via computer, online accessed via smartphone, and paper-based). Young women (N=18; aged 23.4±2.9 years; body mass index 24.0±2.2) completed the three 7-day food records in random order with 7-day washout periods between each method. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was derived from resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry and physical activity level (PAL) derived from accelerometers (TEE=REE×PAL). Accuracy of the three methods was assessed by calculating absolute (energy intake [EI]–TEE) and percentage difference (EI/TEE×100) between self-reported EI and TEE. Acceptability was assessed via questionnaire. Mean±standard deviation TEE was 2,185±302 kcal/day and EI was 1,729±249 kcal/day, 1,675±287kcal/day, and 1,682±352 kcal/day for computer, smartphone, and paper records, respectively. There were no significant differences between absolute and percentage differences between EI and TEE for the three methods: computer, –510±389 kcal/day (78%); smartphone, –456±372 kcal/day (80%); and paper, –503±513 kcal/day (79%). Half of participants (n=9) preferred computer recording, 44.4% preferred smartphone, and 5.6% preferred paper-based records. Most participants (89%) least preferred the paper-based record. Because online food records completed on either computer or smartphone were as accurate as paper-based records but more acceptable to young women, they should be considered when self-monitoring of intake is recommended to young women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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198. From paper to web: Mode equivalence of the ARHQ and NEO-FFI.
- Author
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Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Almarsdottir, Anna B., Hansdottir, Ingunn, Thorsdottir, Fanney, Heimisdottir, Maria, Stefansson, Hreinn, Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E., and Brennan, Patricia F.
- Subjects
- *
PSYCHOMETRICS , *CROSSOVER trials , *INTERNET , *PERSONALITY , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *READING , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Mixed-mode questionnaires are increasingly used in research. Psychological measures, developed for paper-and-pencil (paper) administration require measurement equivalence testing when administered in an alternative mode. Here, Icelandic translations of the NEO-FFI personality measure and Adult Reading History Questionnaire (ARHQ) were tested for equivalence of measurement and data quality between paper and web mode. Perceived sensitivity of data and preference for survey mode were also assessed. One hundred adults were recruited to answer both modes in a randomized, crossover design. Eighty-eight participants completed both administrations with an average of 63.8 days ( SD = 2.2) between them. Within-subjects comparisons of means between modes demonstrated measurement equivalence for both measures. However, differing invalidity coefficients by mode observed by multi-trait multi method (MTMM) analysis suggested systematic effects not captured by traditional psychometric evaluation. Of note was a greater tendency for acquiescence responding to the NEO-FFI observed in web mode. Neither personality traits nor ARHQ reading difficulty scores were associated with preference for survey mode. However, 36% of participants who considered their personality data moderately to highly sensitive scored higher in neuroticism and lower in agreeableness compared to those rating their personality data of low sensitivity. While the Icelandic NEO-FFI and ARHQ have demonstrated measurement equivalence in paper and web mode, mode equivalence of psychometric measures may require ongoing evaluation as perceptions of web privacy continue to evolve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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199. USING CALIBRATION AND INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT ALGORITHMS TO ASSESS THE ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF DATA FROM ELECTRONIC AND PEN-AND-PAPER CONTINUOUS RECORDING METHODS.
- Author
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Phillips, Katrina J., Mudford, Oliver C., Zeleny, Jason R., and Elliffe, Douglas
- Subjects
- *
QUALITY assurance , *CALIBRATION , *ALGORITHMS , *COMPUTER input-output equipment , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *PORTABLE computers , *REGRESSION analysis , *VIDEO recording , *INTER-observer reliability , *CONTENT mining , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,WRITING - Abstract
Often it is assumed that electronic recording by observers necessarily provides better quality data than pen-and-paper methods. Fifteen novice observers recorded rates of responding from 10 role-played video samples using one of three continuous recording input formats: keyboard (laptop), touchscreen (personal digital assistants), or pen-and-paper. We evaluated the quality of the observers' data compared with criterion records using calibration and interobserver agreement algorithms. Results of the calibration analysis revealed that observers in the touchscreen group produced the most consistently accurate and precise data, the keyboard group observers showed wide variation in precision and accuracy, and the pen-and-paper group observers were significantly less precise than the touchscreen group. We conclude that although electronic recording has the potential to be as accurate as, and more precise than, pen-and-paper methods, this is far from guaranteed. Analyses of observers' errors advise recommendations for improving data accuracy and precision when using each method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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200. Do electronic discharge summaries contain more complete medication information? A retrospective analysis of paper versus electronic discharge summaries.
- Author
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Lehnbom, Elin C., Raban, Magdalena Z., Walter, Scott R., Richardson, Katrina, and Westbrook, Johanna I.
- Subjects
- *
DOCUMENTATION , *COMPARATIVE studies , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *CONTINUUM of care , *MEDICAL records , *PROBABILITY theory , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *SAMPLE size (Statistics) , *PATIENT discharge instructions , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *ELECTRONIC health records , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MEDICATION reconciliation , *ODDS ratio - Abstract
Complete, accurate and timely hospital discharge summaries are important for continuity of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an electronic discharge summary system in improving the medication information provided compared to the information in paper discharge summaries. We conducted a retrospective audit of 199 paper and 200 electronic discharge summaries from a 350-bed teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia. The completeness of medication information, and whether medication changes during the admission were explained, were assessed. Further, the likelihood of any incomplete information having an impact on continuity of care was assessed. There were 1352 and 1771 medication orders assessed in paper and electronic discharge summaries, respectively. Of these, 90.9% and 93.4% were complete in paper and electronic discharge summaries, respectively. The dose (OR 25.24, 95%CI: 3.41-186.9) and route (OR 8.65, 95%CI: 3.46-21.59) fields of medication orders, were more likely to be complete in electronic as compared with paper discharge summaries. There was no difference for drug frequency (OR 1.09, 95%CI: 0.77-1.55). There was no significant improvement in the proportion of incomplete medication orders rated as unclear and likely to impede continuity of care in paper compared with electronic discharge summaries (7.3% vs. 6.5%). Of changes to medication regimen, only medication additions were more likely to be explained in the electronic (n=253, 37.2%) compared to paper (n=104, 14.3%) discharge summaries (OR 3.14; 95%CI: 2.20-4.18). In summary, electronic discharge summaries offer some improvements over paper discharge summaries in terms of the quality of medication information documented. However, explanations of changes to medication regimens remained low, despite this being crucial information. Future efforts should focus on including the rationale for changes to medication regimens in discharge summaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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