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Mastering the basic physical properties of the Yellow River ice is a necessary condition for the study of the ice disaster in the Yellow River. At the different positions in Bayannaoer section of the Yellow River from the upstream to the downstream, at the Dukou, Sike-helou, Aobao, Sanhuhekou and Wuliangsuhai, samples of ice were carried out to observe the ice crystal structure, test density and sediment content in ice. It observed the flow rate under the ice and analyzed the ice crystal structure, density and sediment content in ice at different position in Bayannaoer section of the Yellow River and Wuliangsuhai. It can conclude that the crystal structure of ice at different position in Bayannaoer section of the Yellow River is obviously different. There are only a few single granular ice and columnar ice. Most of the ice crystal structure alternates between granular ice and columnar ice, but the crystal structure at Wuliangsuhai is the single columnar ice. The flow rate can affect the crystal structure of ice in a certain extent. The density in the ice gradually increases with the increase of sediment content in the ice. And the different types of ice crystals have different sediment contents in the ice. The sediment content and density in the ice fluctuate greatly at different positions in Bayannaoer section of the Yellow River, which is prominent greater than that of Wuliangsuhai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]