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Aim This paper reports the prevalence and its related sociodemographic factors of informal caregiving by underage children in Austria. The quantity and intensity of caregiving activities, the motivation for and effects of caregiving and how this differs from non-caregiving children were investigated. Background Young carers are a worldwide phenomenon. Due to methodological and sampling problems, little quantitative data are available. Design Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Methods Based on a random selection of 85 schools and 474 classes, a total of 7403 children aged 10-14 years completed a self-reporting questionnaire that asked for children's help in their families. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results In the sample, 4·5% caregiving children were identified. The average age of young carers was 12·5 years. Most young carers were female (69·8% vs. 52·7% in the non-young carers group). Young carers assumed more responsibilities (household tasks, general care and sibling care) than their peers. They showed a higher level of physical (e.g. headache 38·2% vs. 24·4%) and mental (e.g. to worry about 68·1% vs. 41·8%) adverse effects than non-young carers. Extrapolation suggests a rate of 3·5% young carers in underage children of 5-18 years in Austria. Conclusion Data on national level are essential preconditions to initiate support for young carers. Nurses can promote children's health and well-being through prevention of an inappropriate caregiving role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem: Missed Nursing Care (MNC) is an error of omission which occurs when a necessary nursing intervention is not initiated, is not completed, or when it is delayed. The MNC model explains this problem and describes four antecedents that can lead to MNC: (1) demand for patient care, (2) available human resources, (3) material resources, and (4) and relationship and communication factors. Aims: This study aims to test the relationship between the theoretical antecedents of MNC and their impact on MNC. Design: A quantitative cross‐sectional study. Methods: The Austrian version of the revised MISSCARE Survey was completed by nurses working in general hospital units between May and July 2021. Recruitment followed a respondent‐driven sample via Austrian nursing education institutions and social media. One thousand six nurses fulfilled inclusion criteria. The structure of the theoretical constructs of the MNC model was tested using a confirmatory factor analysis approach. The relationships between the four antecedents and MNC were explored using structural equation modelling with 427 complete cases. Results: The results support the structural validity of the revised MISSCARE Austria concerning the defined theoretical constructs, although discriminant validity and measurement error should be further investigated. The antecedent "resource allocation: labor" had a statistically significant impact on MNC: The lack of adequate nursing staff played the most important role to explain missed care in our model. Conclusion: In our study in Austria, MNC was mostly influenced by a lack of appropriate labor resources. Further studies exploring mediation effects and non‐linear relationships may contribute to better understanding of reasons for MNC. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conclusions: The Hearing Implant Sound Quality Index (HISQUI19) seems to be a valid tool for quantifying the self-perceived level of auditory benefit that cochlear implant (CI) users experience in everyday listening situations. Additional research is, however, required. Objectives: To develop and validate a user-friendly instrument for quantifying the self-perceived level of auditory benefit that CI users experience in everyday listening situations. Methods: This was an explorative, uncontrolled, single-group, cross-sectional study. Items for the HISQUI19 were decided upon using user input and verified by professionals. The HISQUI19 was assessed on 75 CI users from hearing implant centres in Germany and Austria to determine the questions. Results: The HISQUI19, consisting of 19 items scored on a 7-point Likert scale, was validated. Subjects older than 60 years at time of implantation did not have significantly higher mean values than subjects younger than 60 years. Gender and whether subjects are unilateral or bilateral implant CI users did not influence self-perceived functioning. Subjects with ≤20 years of hearing loss reported no significantly higher functioning than those with >20 years of hearing loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims This study reports the prevalence of malnutrition (according to body mass index and malnutrition universal screening tool) and the prevalence of health problems that may influence the development of malnutrition in Austrian hospitals. Screening routines and nutrition-related interventions on patient level and quality indicators on ward and facility levels were also investigated. Background Malnutrition is an undesirable condition of care-dependent patients and can increase morbidity and mortality of those affected; it is therefore required to screen every patient to detect people at risk and treat them early. Only little data are available on the prevalence of the underlying causes and on the extent of nutrition-related interventions. Design A cross-sectional multicentre study in 11 Austrian hospitals ( n = 2,283) in 2009. Methods Every patient was assessed by two trained nurses. Data were collected using a standardized validated questionnaire. Results/findings The prevalence of malnutrition according to the malnutrition universal screening tool was 15·7% (high risk) and 8·3% (middle risk). A body mass index <20·0 kg/m² was found in 12·0% (6% <18·5 kg/m²). Main problems were loss of appetite (56·6%), acute disease (38·6%), and nausea (22·3%). About 70% of the patients were screened on admission. Patients at risk were referred to a nutritional expert (7-28·7%), received protein-energy-enriched diets (2·5-15·1%) or snacks (5·1-17·4%). A dietician was available in all hospitals; 8/11 hospitals had fixed criteria for assessing malnutrition; guideline policy varied among the facilities. Conclusion The majority of wards acted in compliance with clinical guidelines; nevertheless, there are still some facilities that do not screen and weigh their patients in a standardized manner and do not treat high-risk patients adequately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]