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Background. Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a crucial approach to enhancing the experiences of mothers. This study aimed to explore women's views on the factors contributing to disrespect and abuse (D&A) during childbirth. Methods. A qualitative study was conducted with 12 postpartum women selected through purposive sampling to ensure maximum diversity. Data were gathered through in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a conventional content analysis method. Results. The analysis revealed seven key categories. These categories included respect for women, meeting needs and preferences, involvement of women, continuity of care, empathy, adequate human and non-human resources, and factors that deter D&A. Conclusion. It is essential to develop effective interventions to enhance RMC across various dimensions. Providing RMC during and after childbirth necessitates the involvement of policymakers and health managers. This can be accomplished by addressing the welfare and environmental needs, showing empathy towards mothers, safeguarding their privacy, alleviating staff workloads, and transforming the attitudes of healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Respectful maternity care (RMC) is a crucial strategy in improving postpartum experiences of mothers. This study aimed to explain women's perception of determining aspects and determinants of disrespect and abuse (D&A) during childbirth. This study was carried out from October 2019 to February 2020 in Tabriz-Iran. A total of 12 postpartum women were enrolled in this qualitative study by purposive sampling. The data were collected through in-depth semi structured interviews and simultaneously analyzed with a conventional content analysis approach. Thirty eight sub-themes and 11 main themes extracted from data analysis. The main themes included: "physical abuse," "psychological violence," "discrimination," "violation of privacy," "unmet needs and preferences," "nonparticipation in decision-making," "abandonment of women," "Lack of sympathy," "shortage of human and non-human resources," "unpleasant psychological atmosphere of the ward" and "facilitators of D&A." The results of our study indicated the importance of sympathy with mothers and professional ethics. Moreover, healthcare providers, administrators, and policy-makers should design patient-centered interventions in order to secure the material, psychological, and legal needs of women to receive respectful maternity care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Disrespect and abuse (D&A) can violate human rights, affect women's decisions on the type of delivery method, and exacerbate their mental health conditions; therefore, this study aims to: a) assess the status of D&A and respectful maternity care (RMC) during childbirth and their relationships with childbirth experience, socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics; b) explain women's perceptions of various RMC aspects and determinants during childbirth; and c) present a guideline for promoting of RMC. Methods/design: A mixed methods sequential explanatory design will be used to conduct this study in 3 phases. The first phase is a quantitative study with a longitudinal descriptive-analytical design to identify any D&A and RMC and their relationships with childbirth experience among 334 women who have given birth in public and private hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. The sample will be selected proportional to each population. The second phase is a qualitative study to explore women's perceptions of various RMC aspects and their determinants during childbirth. The conventional content analysis approach will be used to analyze the data. The third phase is focused on developing a guideline to improve the quality of maternity care. The literature review, findings of phase one and two, and focus group discussion (FGDs) with staff in the labour ward and using a Delphi technique will be used to complete the final phase. Discussion: Considering the vulnerability of women during labor and delivery and the effect of D&A on cesarean section rates, a supportive guideline can improve the quality of maternity care and reduce D&A during childbirth, and improve women's childbirth experiences. Ethical code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.202. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]