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Super adsorbents exhibit great potential to remove pollutants from media or store considerable amounts of water, which may undermine the pressure triggered by environmental pollution and shortage of water resources. Super adsorbents made from biopolymers have been an attractive topic because of biodegradability, renewability and outstanding adsorption capacity. Hemicelluloses are a type of biopolymers very abundant in agricultural, forestry and pulping industrial wastes. Hemicellulose-based bio-adsorbents are thriving because the inherent chemical structures and physical properties of hemicelluloses make themselves easy to be processed into matrix materials applicable in super adsorbents. This review summarizes recent studies in hemicellulose-based bio-adsorbents, i.e. hydrogels and activated carbons, from the perspectives of types, applications, fabrication methods, the elements affecting the adsorption performance and the kinetics of adsorption process, which thus helps to further improve the properties of hemicellulose-based bio-adsorbents and to promote the industrial production and utilization of hemicelluloses and hemicellulose-based bio-adsorbents., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

As one of the most abundant natural polymers in nature, polysaccharides have the potential to replace petroleum-based polymers that are difficult to degrade in paper coatings. Polysaccharide molecules have a large number of hydroxyl groups that can bind strongly with paper fibers through hydrogen bonds. Chemical modification can also effectively improve the mechanical, barrier, and hydrophobic properties of polysaccharide-based coating layers and thus can further improve the related properties of coated paper. Polysaccharides can also give paper additional functional properties by dispersing and adhering functional fillers, e.g., conductive particles, catalytic particles or antimicrobial chemicals, onto paper surface. Based on these, this paper reviews the application of natural polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, chitosan, and sodium alginate, and their derivatives in paper coatings. This paper analyzes the improvements and influences of chemical structures and properties of polysaccharides on the mechanical, barrier, and hydrophobic properties of coated paper. This paper also summarizes the researches where polysaccharides are used as the adhesives to adhere inorganic or functional fillers onto paper surface to endow paper with great surface properties or special functions such as conductivity, catalytic, antibiotic, and fluorescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]