The paper investigates the Archives of the Cluj Folklore Society, hosted by the Faculty of Letters of Babeş-Bolyai University between 1958 and 1993. The study focuses on the collections included in the archives and on their situation in the ideological, epistemological, and methodological context of ethnological studies in communist Romania and in the years immediately following the fall of Ceauşescu's regime. During the three and a half decades in question, the field of folklore and then that of ethnology were constructed, deconstructed, and reconstructed several times. The mutations experienced by the ACFS are essentially those of Romanian ethnological studies during the communist and post-communist periods, a period little investigated so far from the vantage point of the history of this discipline and which remains, therefore, a topic that requires further explorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]