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In this paper, we analyze the impact of Venezuelan migration on the female labor market in Colombia. Following the economic crisis in Venezuela, more than 1.5 million Venezuelans arrived in Colombia in the period 2016–2019. Using an instrumental variables approach, we find that the sudden influx of millions of migrants reduced the labor force participation of less-skilled native women due to a disproportionate increase of competition in economic activities in which they were more concentrated. On the other hand, migration positively affected the labor force participation for high-skilled women with children. When testing the underlying mechanisms of this latter result, we find a reduction in the time spent on childcare and an increase in the probability of hiring domestic service, explained by a decrease in the cost of this service due to the Venezuelan exodus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper analyzes the role that multinational oil companies played in the formation of social concepts and citizen participation which were promoted in the oil camps of Venezuela and which served as an important model for varios sectors of Venezuelan society. The experience in oil camps reconfigured regional identities and introduced a new lifestyle, reformulating the use of public and private space, the management of time, and also comsumption patterns. Conscious of the dislocation that employment In the new and unfamiliar oil industry implied, companies sought to incorporate the family into this process and redefined the role of women as key to the socialization process. This paper analyzes the participation of intellectual goups, and the middle class which colaborated with the oil companies in order to promote a national cultural project and civil society which would promote certain legitimacy in relation to the transnational companies in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the incorporation of women into heavy industry during the Ciudad Guayana employment boom of 1974-1979 and the reduction in female employment during the post-boom period. The first and second sections outline the features of female incorporation at a specialty steel plant and the state-owned steel mill. The third section describes the discrimination to which two groups of women, day laborers and engineers, were subjected. The fourth analyzes the response of women to discrimination. The study suggests that male discriminatory behavior and female coping mechanisms result from the interaction of gender roles and stereotypes on the one hand, and institutional/structural factors on the other. Discriminatory practices and women's responses to them are mediated by class and age differences. These are shaped by the individuals' prior experiences and the historical context in which discrimination evolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, reasons of postponing motherhood by professional young women are explored and related with changes of course in their biographies, especially with those sociologically associated with individualization, by means a qualitative research on this demographic group in Caracas (Venezuela) and Santiago (Chile). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper studies the venezuelan labor rights in regards to breastfeeding. It stems from the reform of the Reglamento de la Ley Orgánica del Trabajo published in Official Newspaper No 38426 of the twenty-eight (28) of April of 2006, that not only modified the duration of the period, but resulted in the faculty conferred to the Ministries of the Work and Social Security and the Ministry of Health in that through a joint resolution they could decide their extension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considers the potential for women's relative power through a comparison of the gendered impacts of two planned state industries in Venezuela. Conceptualization of economic power; Importance of petroleum in maintaining democracy and financing planning; Employment of women in the steel and aluminum industries; Evidence for occupational segregation of women.