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Objective: To evaluate and compare the effects of intradialytic cycling and respiratory training on exercise endurance, pulmonary function and quality of life of maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients. Method: From July 2022 to July 2023, 60 MHD patients in our hospital were randomly divided into control group (n=20), cycling group (n=20), and respiratory group (n=20). The control group was given routine hemodialysis treatment. The cycling group was given moderate-intensity intradialytic cycling training on the basis of routine hemodialysis treatment, for 12 weeks, 3 times a week, 40 minutes each time. The respiratory group was given respiratory training (abdominal breathing exercise, pursed-lip breathing exercise and diaphrag matic breathing exercise) on the basis of routine hemodialysis treatment, for 12 weeks, 3 times a week, 40 minutes each time. VO2peak, AT and VO2/HRpeak were used to evaluate the exercise endurance. FVC, FEV1 and MVV were used to evaluate the pulmonary function, which were expressed as a percentage of the predicted values, i.e. FVC%, FEV1%, MVV%. SF-36 was used to assess the quality of life, which includes PCS, MCS and total score. Result: There were no significant difference in VO2peak, AT, VO2/HRpeak, FVC%, FEV1%, MVV%, PCS, MCS and total score among the three groups before intervention(P>0.05); after 12 weeks of intervention, VO2peak, AT, VO2/HRpeak, PCS, and total score of the cycling group were increased compared with those before intervention and were better than that of the control group (P<0.05); FVC%, FEV1%, MCS, and total score of the respiratory group were increased compared with those before intervention and were better than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Both intradialytic cycling and respiratory training can improve cardiorespiratory function and quality of life of MHD patients. The intradialytic cycling is more effective in improving exercise endurance and physical health, and respiratory training is more effective in improving lung function and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]