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This research aims to examine the mediation effect of teaching behaviour in the relationship between teachers' transformational leadership practices and students' interest in science. A non-experimental quantitative approach was used, with a total of 250 students from secondary private schools in Malaysia participating voluntarily as respondents in the study. Google Form questionnaires were distributed through email for data collection. The findings indicated significant positive associations between teachers' transformational leadership practices, teaching behaviour, and students' interest in science, as revealed by correlation and regression analyses. Mediation analysis demonstrates that teachers' teaching behaviour partially mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and students' interest in science. This study emphasizes the importance of effective teaching behaviour in fostering students' interest in science, providing valuable insights for educational policymakers, school administrators, and teachers in promoting science education and improving students' academic achievement.

Teachers play a significant role and face diverse challenges everyday, therefore escalating the research of teacher well-being and its factors, with leadership being one of them. This review aims to summarize the findings focusing on the differences and teacher's perspectives on teacher well-being and transformational leadership in schools. The review consists of peer reviewed articles from 2012 to 2021, with kindergarten to high school teachers as participants. Several databases were used, which are Scopus, Science Direct, PsycInfo, World of Science (WoS) Journal, PubMed, SAGE journals, Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC), and Garuda. Articles were selected using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and 10 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Studies showed that transformational leadership positively correlated with teacher well-being. Research regarding the efficiency of transformational leadership's each aspect in increasing teacher well-being can be interesting to study in the future.

Professional Learning Community (PLC) is embedded in one of the Malaysian educational policies with the aim of improving teachers' effectiveness. However, the robust empirical evidence upon this matter is scarce, especially in terms of the relationship between school culture and PLC. Therefore, a correlational design study conducted to examine the relationships between the school culture dimensions (Collaboration, Collegiality, Emphasis on Learning, Professional Value, Sharing Planning, Transformational Leadership) and PLC. A randomized controlled trial cluster involving 612 teachers has been conducted. The Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS version 3 was applied to analyze the data. The result from SEM path analysis shows that only three constructs have significant influences on PLC, which are Professional Value ([beta] :0.045); Sharing Planning ([beta] :0.071), and Transformational Leadership ([beta] :0.040). This study has gone some way towards enhancing the understanding of the importance of school culture in promoting teachers' professional development through PLC.

Leadership is crucial in an organisation's long-term viability and incredibly motivating teachers. Theoretical and conceptual searches for leadership styles that work in any situation, such as teachers' teaching motivation and with any set of followers, have never been more abundant in the field of leadership research. However, some findings reported that there had been some uncertainty about the relationship of leadership styles towards teacher teaching motivation in some schools. Hence, this study is designed to get the response of primary school teachers in Sabah on the school heads' transformational and structural leadership styles, the level of teachers' teaching motivation, and the relationship between the school heads' transformational and structural leadership styles towards teachers' teaching motivation. This study is a descriptive quantitative study conducted through a survey using a questionnaire from the instruments of L. Bolman Personnel correspondents for structural leadership style, MLQ (Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire) for transformational leadership style, and A Questionnaire Measure of Individual Differences in Achieving Tendency (QMAT) for teaching motivation. The study involved 350 respondents from primary schools in Sabah. The analysis of the findings uses frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation analysis with determination = 0.05. The results showed that teachers' response in primary school in Sabah to the leadership style of the school heads is at a satisfactory level. The study also found a significant relationship between the school heads' leadership styles towards teachers' teaching motivation. This study supports the findings of other studies, whereby the headmaster leadership styles influence teachers' level of teaching motivation in schools.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the different levels of transformational leadership between male and female principals and their relationships with teachers' Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) in Malaysian secondary schools. In total, 477 teachers from various secondary schools were randomly selected as respondents (218 are working under female principals, while 259 of them are under male principals). This study revealed that the respondents agree that male principals practice transformational leadership higher than female principals. However, the female principals were highly influential on the teachers' IWB compared to their male counterparts. This study provides a glimpse of the teachers' innovative behavior improvement resulted from transformational leadership by male and female school principals.

The quality and level of job satisfaction among lecturers play a significant role in implementing transformation to improve the education system. The main reason for the decreasing of job performances among lecturers is due to the low level of job satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the relationship between a director's transformational leadership style and the level of job satisfaction among lecturers at MARA Professional College. This is a survey study employing descriptive and inferential quantitative method. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and Job Descriptive Index (JDI) instruments were distributed to 64 participants that were chosen using simple random sampling from the 75 population of MARA Professional College lecturers. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. The findings revealed that the level of practice of the director on transformational leadership was low. In addition, there was a significant relationship between the transformational leadership practice of the director and the level of job satisfaction among lecturers at MARA Professional College. The level of job satisfaction among the lecturers was influenced by the director's leadership practice, thus a director can increase the level of job satisfaction among the staff by practicing the transformational leadership style in managing a college. The findings are expected to assist the organization of MARA Professional College to identify the level of work pressure faced by the lecturers.

Effective leadership helps our nation through times become a developed country. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of leadership style among students in Technical and Vocational at University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. Descriptive study carried out to evaluate student leadership. The study sample consisted of 319 Technical and Vocational students. We used the questionnaire to identify students' perceptions of leadership. If we wish to develop successful leaders, we need for students to understand leadership styles in order to upgrade their existing abilities. Data were analyzed using frequency, mean and standard deviation. The findings show that articulate was the highest in leadership styles that students practice.

School leaders are key factors in implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) in schools. They need to understand the capacities of the new technologies, to have a personal proficiency in their use, and be able to promote a school culture which encourages exploration of new techniques in teaching, learning and management. However, there is less information about the current status of ICT use by Malaysian school principals. This paper investigated the extent to which secondary school principals use computers in Malaysia and determined factors related to level of computer use by principals (cultural perceptions and leadership style of principals). Initial report also highlighted analysis of a baseline data gathered from 520 secondary school principals in the state of Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia. Findings indicate that school principals are using computers for instructional and administrative purposes and they have moderate competency in computer applications and spent a few times a week working on their computers. Also, cultural perceptions and transformational leadership contributed significantly to the level of computer use by principals. It is anticipated that the data obtained from the study will open new lines of inquiry about the crucial roles of school leaders in the adoption of ICTs and will contribute to decisions about future developmental needs because more will be known about their preparedness for change. Hence, policy makers must design professional development programs, such as leadership studies, in order to teach the components of transformational leadership; idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration to future administrators.

This study aimed to determine the level of transformational leadership practices by headmasters in the primary national schools in the district of Temerloh, Malaysia. The four dimensions of Transformational Leadership studied were fostering the ideal influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulating and individual consideration. The study also looks at the level of teachers' job satisfaction and teachers' commitments as well as the relationship with the practice of transformational leadership by headmasters. The respondents consisted of 240 teachers working in 10 primary schools in the district of Temerloh, Pahang. The data obtained was processed using SSPS program version 12.0 and were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate. The result of the study showed that the practice of transformational leadership by headmasters in the district of Temerloh, Malaysia, was at a high level and teacher's job satisfaction was high too, and there exist a significant relation between the level of transformation leadership and teachers' job satisfaction while teachers' commitments were average. However, the results of the study showed a significant relation between the level of transformational leadership and teachers work commitment. The implication of this study is that leaders should always ensure their high performance leadership to have a significant relationship with staff's satisfaction and school staff's commitment.

Research Aims: This study examines the mediating effect of psychological empowerment on the relationship between transformational leadership and employee creativity in a financial organisation in Peninsular Malaysia. Design/Methodology/Approach: Quantitative methods were employed in this study. Two hundred questionnaires were distributed to employees of Islamic financial institutions in Malaysia. Of these, only 153 questionnaires were usable. Random sampling and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) techniques were utilised in data analysis. Research Findings: The results of the analysis showed that psychological empowerment had an indirect effect on the impact of transformational leadership on employee creativity in the organisation under study. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The result aligned with Spreitzer's (1995) concept of self-motivation through increasing self-esteem and modifying resilience, which promotes motivational behaviour in organisations. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian Context: Transformational leadership has been shown to be effective in addressing crises in organisational management. Leadership that applies this concept is able to sustain the organisation and its competitiveness over time, especially in Asia. Research Limitation & Implications: During the duration of this research, the data were collected only once. The sample for this study was obtained from a single organisation, and the only method used to collect data was a questionnaire. In times of globalisation and economic turmoil, practitioners can use the findings of this study to practice transformational leadership to sustain and support the vision and mission of an organisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leadership role in a school organisation is crucial for long-term success, particularly in relation to teachers' motivation, especially in the implementation of ICT. School leaders possess the opportunity to employ diverse leadership styles that can influence teachers' motivation, specifically in integrating ICT into teaching and learning. Technical and vocational education is an area where ICT integration holds significant potential for productivity enhancement, given its pivotal role in developing students' college-ready skills. However, previous studies have shown uncertainties in the relationship between principals' leadership styles and teachers' motivation in certain schools. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between principals' leadership styles and TVET teachers' motivation in implementing ICT. A correlational study was conducted, employing survey methods, and utilizing the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) for instructional leadership styles and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) for transformational leadership styles. The instruments used to measure teachers' motivation were adapted from the instruments aligning with the TAM model. Data analysis included percentage, mean, standard deviation, frequency, regression, and Pearson's correlation analysis, with a significance level set at p = 0.05. The results revealed that TVET teachers' responses to the leadership styles of school principals in Malaysia are satisfactory. Furthermore, a significant correlation exists between the principal's leadership styles and TVET teachers' motivation. In addition, regression analysis demonstrates that transformational dan instructional leaderships influence TVET teachers' motivation in implementing ICT. These findings provide support for previous research indicating that the principal's leadership styles indeed influence teachers' motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study entails an exploratory investigation of transformative leadership in the context of waqf institutions. In analysing the transformational leadership style, the study interviewed the heads of the State Islamic Religious Councils in charge of waqf institutions in Malaysia. The best practices in the two waqf institutions were found to fall under four areas related to transformational leadership: idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualised consideration. The four categories were generated from three sub-categories, bringing the overall total to 12 sub-categories. The findings demonstrate the applicability of transformational leadership in waqf institutions, where it fosters employee inspiration, contentment, and creativity. In addition, this study adds to the body of knowledge as there are not many previous investigations on transformational leadership in the setting of waqf institutions. Waqf sector leaders can use this study's practical application to comprehend, apply, practice and evaluate transformational leadership in accomplishing the objectives of their respective waqf institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective leader follows a style that helps maintain good relations with his staff. A school leader should use a style best suited to his teachers' behavior. This research investigates the association between four leadership styles (instructional, democratic, transformational, and laissez-faire) and teachers' behavior in Malaysia. This study applied a quantitative research method using a survey technique by administering questionnaires. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Multiple regression and ANOVA were used to study the strength of the relationship between variables. The research found average care of the principals towards teachers' emotional behavior. Democratic leadership style showed significant relationships that explain 28.5% of the variation in the emotional behavior of the teachers. Leaders with a democratic leadership style were more aware of and responded positively to teachers' psychometric behavior. School principals with transformational leadership styles responded positively to teachers' pro-social behavior, although the relationship was weak. These results indicate that a democratic leadership style addresses the issues of teachers' emotional behavior, while instructional leadership, which is the most perceived leadership style, does not. The result of this study can guide Malaysian school principals in choosing the appropriate leadership style best suited to teachers' behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employee performance plays a crucial role in the productivity of organizations, especially in the hospitality industry in Malaysia. This work performance is influenced by leadership style, and finding the type of leadership style that is suitable to apply to employees is crucial, especially in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Transformational leadership theory is selected for this study in determining leadership styles. There are four dimensions under transformational leadership theory, namely idealized influence, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation. Data were collected online from 400 employees working in the hospitality industry in Malaysia and analyzed using partial least square structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings show that only two dimensions of transformational leadership, namely idealized influence and inspirational motivation, have a significant positive influence on employee performance. Implications in the context of human resource management and recommendations to increase employee performance are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research article is to explore the impacts of leadership qualities on the student's performances in educational institutions in Malaysia. Success or failure of any organization highly depends on the leadership's impacts on employees to be more productivity. In academic sense, productivity means students better performances and scoring higher marks. This study envisages the need of an efficient leader in the academic institutions to bring the desired academic performances. Training, guidances, working ambiances, equipments, leadership styles plays a vital role in delivering academic performances in Malaysia. The leader has to motivate his or her subordinates and enhance the learning capacity of the students. Regular tests, appraisals, quiz and competitions, effective communications skills, presentation skills are to be conducted to improve their learnings. Updating curriculum, improving teaching pedagogy, crating trust and increasing confidence level are few strategies to be executed by the leader to improve the educational delivery. Due to the present pandemic Covid-19, impacts, students are not allowed to attend the classes and online classes alone are conducted. The leader has to arrange the online contents, equipments, wifi, internet, projectors and necessary audio equipments to deliver the subject contents. The leader has to get support of the parents too. There should not be any discrimination to students with regards to race, caste, language, religion. A successful leader should delegate powers and responsibilities, recognizes the individual skills and performances, motivate the subordinates, for accomplishing the institutional goals and objectives. Several leadership theories were explained. Various leadership styles are also mentioned. Considering the aspect of education system in Malaysia, the transformational leadership style was appropriate. The literature review also affirms with this aspect. The values of educational leadership and standards of educational programs are discussed briefly. The research objectives and questions were provided. The challenges, limitations, constraints, and recommendations were also provided in brief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The competitive nature of work now requires employees to provide excellent service and practice organizational citizenship behavior. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to examine the relationship between transformational leadership, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior; test the influence of transformational leadership towards orgnizational commitment; test the influence of transformational leadership towards organizational citizenship behavior, test the influence of organizational commitment towards organizational citizenship behavior; and examine the role of organizational commitment as mediator in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. The study employs a survey design by distributing questionnaires to respondents. A total of 143 respondents from Ministry of Finance Malaysia were selected using random sampling. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was used to measure transformational leadership practices, Affective, Normative, and Continuance Commitment Scale was used to measure organizational commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale was used to measure organizational citizenship behavior. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson correlation and linear regression. The results showed that there were significant relationships between transformational leadership, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Transformational leadership predicted significantly towards organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Results also showed that organizational commitment mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. The findings of this study emphasized the importance of transformational leadership among leaders and organizational commitment in order to increase organizational citizenship behavior among employees. When this is achieved, individuals can give the best contribution towards the organization which consequently ensures organizational effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability is considered a significant element for property development. However, implementing sustainability effort and achieving sustainability goals are real challenge have debated from three decades ago. According to the United Nations General Assembly Brundtland Report, protecting the environment and the society in the midst of human seeking economic growth is at times taken for granted. The motivation behind this study is to seek deeper understanding of the role of transformational leadership in promoting sustainability among property development companies in Malaysia by determining the relationship between transformational leadership and sustainability in terms of environmental, economy and social. It also analyses whether organisational culture acts as a mediating factor between transformational leadership and sustainability. For this purpose, this study employed a purposive sampling method with data collected from top management from a total population of 100 listed property development companies in Bursa Malaysia. Multivariate data normality tests, descriptive statistics, and structural equation modelling through SmartPLS were used for data analysis. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between transformational leadership and sustainability. It shows that transformational leadership is essential to sustainable achievement where management possess the necessary leadership competencies, skills and knowledge to be able to achieve sustainability in property development. However, the results established insignificant relationship between organisational culture and sustainability. These findings proved that bureaucratic organisational culture mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and sustainability, while innovative culture and supportive culture did not. These results confirmed that bureaucratic culture enhances the role of transformational leadership in promoting sustainability among property development companies in Malaysia. Therefore, this study recommends organisations to invest in transformational leadership trainings to support the leadership behaviours through bureaucratic culture towards achieving sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research aims: This study aims to investigate organisational culture (OC) of public universities from the perspective of academic leadership. It examines the impact of organisational culture on transformational leadership. Design/Methodology/Approach: The Organisational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) and The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ5x) are used as proxies for the variables tested. Data are collected from academic leaders attached to 18 public universities in Malaysia. Analysis is done using structural equation modelling (SEM). Research findings: The results suggest that academic leaders view the clan culture as the dominant workplace culture type. The clan culture is also the most prominent across the OC dimensions except for the dominant characteristics dimension, where the market culture is more distinct. The results also reveal that the effect of organisational culture on transformational leadership is significant. Theoretical contributions: This study fills the void in literature by showing how organisational culture is impacting transformational leadership within the education setting of developing countries. Since it is likely that different kinds of leadership behaviours are associated with different organisational cultures, it is also likely that the same may affect the Malaysian educational setting. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings of this study are expected to facilitate the educational administrators in fine-tuning leadership behaviours through organisational culture. A match between these two dimensions should make the organisations more effective, thereby enabling administrators to improve the selection process of leaders and their future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to examine the effect of the emotional intelligence sub-scales; namely relationship management, self management, self awareness and social awareness on transformational leadership behavior among educator leaders in primary school. In this study, two sets of questionnaires were used i.e. the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ5x) by Bass & Avolio (2000) to assess leadership behavior, while Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI) by Boyatzis (2001 )was used to assess emotional intelligence. The findings showed that a majority of respondents experienced high levels of overall emotional intelligence 78.8%. The results also indicated that overall sub-scales of emotional intelligence factors explain 54.9 % of the variance (R Square) in transformational leadership which is significant (Beta = .174, t = 2.268, k < 0.05). As for each sub-scale of emotional intelligence (relationship management, self management and social awareness), results of multiple-regression analysis showed that three predictor variables for each criterion were found: revealing how relationship management contributes a significant predictor in explaining 51.6% of the variance(R Square); (Beta = .388, t = 4.738, k < 0.05); self management explains 54.1% of the variance (Beta = .225, t = 3.285, k < 0.05), and social awareness explains 54.9% (Beta = .174, t = 2.268, k < 0.05) in producing transformational leadership behavior. This article concludes therefore that the assessment of psychological constructs in school settings, such as training programs and EI Modules, could possibly assist in enhancing leadership behavior and providing benefits to society, especially in educational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been little empirical analysis on the complex relationship between leadership, change readiness and commitment to change in the context of Asian countries. In this paper, we propose a research model to analyze the interrelationship between leadership, change readiness and commitment to change using the partial least square technique. Results of the study suggest that leadership positively and significantly affect change readiness but not commitment to change. Consequently, change readiness is found to significantly affect commitment to change. In other words, change readiness is found to mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and commitment to change. This may suggest that the influence of leadership is a sequential process affecting change readiness, and in turn, the commitment to change as opposed to the conventional belief that it affects both change readiness and commitment to change simultaneously. The implication of the study is further discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research is twofold: 1) it aims to examine the underlying process through which middle managers' transformational leadership influence teachers' teaching commitment by focusing on collective efficacy; and 2) it attempts to explore the moderating role of self-efficacy on the relationship between transformational leadership and teachers' teaching commitment. Therefore, the research was conducted on1650 teachers randomly selected from 165 secondary public schools in the Northern Region of West Malaysia. Data was collected through survey questionnaires. The research findings have revealed that self-efficacy can be used as a moderator variable to elevate teachers' collective efficacy with the presence of school's transformational leadership practices. However, results also showed that teacher collective efficacy acts as a full mediator in the relationship between the dimension of involvement in decision making with the teachers' commitment in teaching and learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]