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Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is commonly defined as a transitional subclinical state between normal aging and dementia. A growing body of research indicates that health behaviors may play a protective role against cognitive decline and could potentially slow down the progression from MCI to dementia. The aim of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of literature focusing on health behaviors and MCI to summarize the factors and evidence regarding the influence of health behaviors on MCI. Methods: The study performed a bibliometric analysis by retrieving publications from the Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index subdatabases within the Web of Science Core Collection. Utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, a total of 2,843 eligible articles underwent co-citation, cokeywords, and clustering analyses. This methodology aimed to investigate the current status, trends, major research questions, and potential future directions within the research domain. Results: The bibliometric analysis indicates that research on healthy behaviors in individuals with MCI originated in 2002 and experienced rapid growth in 2014, reflecting the increasing global interest in this area. The United States emerged as the primary contributor, accounting for more than one-third of the total scientific output with 982 articles. Journals that published the most articles on MCI-related health behaviors included "Journal of Alzheimer's Disease," "Neurobiology of Aging," "Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience," and other geriatricsrelated journals. High-impact papers identified by VOSviewer predominantly cover concepts related to MCI, such as diagnostic criteria, assessment, and multifactorial interventions. Co-occurrence keyword analysis highlights five research hotspots in health behavior associated with MCI: exercise, diet, risk factors and preventive measures for dementia, cognitive decline-related biomarkers, and clinical trials. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive review of literature on health behavior in individuals with MCI, emphasizing influential documents and journals. It outlines research trends and key focal points, offering valuable insights for researchers to comprehend significant contributions and steer future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the microbiome has drawn an increasing amount of attention over the past decade. Even more so for its association with disease. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been a subject of study for a long time with slow success in improving diagnostic accuracy or identifying a possibility for treatment. In this work, we analyze past and current research on microbiome and its positive impact on AD treatment and diagnosis. We present a bibliometric analysis from 2012 to 2021 with data retrieved on September 2, 2021, from the Scopus database. The query includes "Gut AND (Microbiota OR Microbiome) AND Alzheimer" within the article title, abstract, and keywords for all kinds of documents in the database. Compared with 2016, the number of publications (NPs) on the subject doubled by 2017. Moreover, we observe an exponential growth through 2020, and with the data presented, it is almost certain that it will continue this trend and grow even further in the upcoming years. We identify key journals interested in the subject and discuss the articles with most citations, analyzing trends and topics for future research, such as the ability to diagnose the disease and complement the cognitive test with other clinical biomarkers. According to the test, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is normally considered an initial stage for AD. This test, combined with the role of the gut microbiome in early stages of the disease, may improve the diagnostic accuracy. Based on our findings, there is emerging evidence that microbiota, perhaps more specifically gut microbiota, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Identifying useful markers is essential for diagnosis and prevention of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs). Here, we attempt to understand the research basis and status, potential hotspots and trends of predictive markers associated with PNDs after cardiac surgery via bibliometric analysis. Methods: A total of 4,609 original research articles and reviews that cited 290 articles between 2001 and 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) as the data source. We used the software CiteSpace to generate and analyze visual networks of bibliographic information, including published years and journals, collaborating institutions, co-cited references, and co-occurring keywords. Results: The number of annual and cumulative publications from 2001 to 2021 has been increasing on the whole. The Harvard Medical School was a very prolific and important institution in this field. The journal of Ann Thorac Surg (IF 4.33) had the most publications, while New Engl J Med was the most cited journal. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100b and kynurenic acid (KYNA) were frequently discussed as possible markers of PNDs in many references. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was a keyword with high frequency (430) and sigma (6.26), and inflammation was the most recent burst keyword. Conclusion: Potential markers of PNDs has received growing attention across various disciplines for many years. The research basis mainly focuses on three classic biomarkers of S100b, NSE, and KYNA. The most active frontiers are the inflammation-related biomarkers (e.g., inflammatory cells, cytokines, or mediators) and surgery-related monitoring parameters (e.g., perfusion, oxygen saturation, and the depth of anesthesia). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common disabling disease with considerable social and economic impacts. Although extensive studies related to ONFH have been conducted in recent years, a specific bibliometric analysis on this topic has not yet been performed. Our study attempted to summarize the comprehensive knowledge map, development landscape, and future directions of ONFH research with the bibliometric approach. Methods: All publications concerning ONFH published from 2001 to 2020 were identified from Web of Science Core Collection. Key bibliometric indicators were calculated and evaluated using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the online bibliometric analysis platform. Results: A total of 2594 publications were included. Our analysis revealed a significant exponential growth trend in the annual number of publications over the past 20 years (R2 = 0.9663). China, the USA, and Japan were the major contributors both from the quality and quantity points of view. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a high positive correlation between the number of publications and gross domestic product (r = 0.774), and a moderate positive correlation between publications and demographic factor (r = 0.673). All keywords were categorized into four clusters including Cluster 1 (etiology and risk factors study); Cluster 2 (basic research and stem cell therapy); cluster 3 (hip-preserving study); and Cluster 4 (hip replacement study). Stem cell therapy-related research has been recognized as an important research hotspot in this field. Several topics including exosomes, autophagy, biomarkers, osteogenic differentiation, microRNAs, steroid-induced osteonecrosis, mesenchymal stem cells, double-blind, early-stage osteonecrosis, and asymptomatic osteonecrosis were considered as research focuses in the near future. Conclusion: Over the past two decades, increasing attention has been paid to global ONFH-related research. Our bibliometric findings provide valuable information for researchers to understand the basic knowledge structure, identify the current research hotspots, potential collaborators, and future research frontiers in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented on Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) known to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Topics include appropriate management of the women during pregnancy followed by suitable lifestyle interventions in the mother in the postpartum period; and biomarkers for prediction of GDM showing infammatory markers and adipocytokines.

An introduction is presented in which the author discusses articles within the special section of the journal on topics including challenges and the potential use of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosing and grading breast carcinomas, advances in understanding the pathogenesis and novel diagnostic tools of salivary-gland like carcinomas of the breast, and applications of immunohistochemical stains for diagnosing breast lesions.

The author reflects on the efforts to develop treatments for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly on the process of securing metabolic identity card for NAFLD patients. Topics include the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) cohort study on the relationship between dysglycemia and incident chronic liver disease and the link between NAFLD and obesity.

The article focuses on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in transfusion medicine. It highlights the use of AI to improve the safety and efficacy of blood transfusions; the role of omics and big data coupled with machine learning algorithms in analyzing complex biological datasets for the development of new biomarkers; and the application of these technologies in veterinary transfusion medicine to enhance animal health and welfare.

The author reflects on the challenges and issues in the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). SJIA is a distinct subtype of childhood arthritis, while MAS is a prototypical cytokine storm syndrome. Also cited is the study which examined the association of interleukin-18 (IL-18)/IFNγ axis in SJIA with MAS and treatment responses.

The article focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on older people and how functionality is a strong prognostic tool in predicting the outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Topics include the relationship between frailty and in-hospital outcomes in COVID-19 patients; risk factors that explain the excess mortality in older people; and the functional impairment caused by the infection, hospitalization process and pharmacological treatment in older COVID-19 patients.

The article focuses on the Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and the Gut Microbiome. Topics include JIA's missing heritability problem in various corners of scientific inquiry, including epigenetics, and epidemiology; mentions data on the gut microbiome in children with JIA have emerged over recent years from case–control studies across 3 continents; and also mentions all publications on JIA and the gut microbiome have described differences in bacterial composition between cases and controls.

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including investigated the association of urinary matrix metalloproteinase 7, and urinary epidermal growth factor (EGF) level and progression of chronic kidney disease in several cohorts of patients.

The article discusses high-profile journals such as Science and Nature have published and endorsed several guidelines and checklists to promote transparency and reproducibility. Topics include the lack of transparent, adequate reporting of analytical method validation has undermine credibility and reduce the relevance of a clinical study; and values for a given patient sample has vary significantly between assays from different manufacturers.

The author reflects on the accomplishments in efforts to treat autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) as of December 2020. Topics include the neuropsychiatric (NP) and renal manifestations of SLE and LN, the importance of biomarkers in diagnosis, and the key role played by B cell activating factor (BAFF) in SLE and LN.

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a 52 amino acid containing free circulating vasoactive peptide hormone found to be active in various pathophysiological states including sepsis. High ADM levels at admission have been correlated with vasopressor requirements, organ dysfunction, and mortality in sepsis patients. ADM stimulation results in vasodilation and loss of vascular resistance in humans resulting in hypotension with the potential for negative impact in septic shock. However, in vitro human and animal experiments have shown that ADM decreases hyperpermeability and capillary leak, thus having an endothelial barrier stabilizing effect during septic shock. Adrenomedullin thus appears to be a double-edged weapon. This editorial critically reviews the article by Daga et al. who evaluated serum ADM as a prognostic marker to review the gender-related difference in mortality pattern, and also the correlation of ADM level to APACHE II and SOFA scores. The role of adrenomedullin in sepsis and the potential developments in the future have been discussed concisely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article comments on a study on riboflavin deficiency and vitamin B-6 status. It identifies strengths of the study including its use of erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation (EGRac), inclusion of data on dietary intake and riboflavin marker and determination of the effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism on riboflavin requirements. Also noted is the significance of the study to defining nutrient reference intake.

The article comments on a study on the association between erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids and cognition, brain imaging and biomarkers among older adults in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). It points out the importance of complex dietary patterns as better predictors of cognitive performance and the correlation of lifestyle with dementia risk factors. It suggests the role of omega-3 in predicting dementia risks in select populations at risk of Alzheimer's disease.