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Although leisure constraints that individuals have to cope with can negatively affect their social inclusion and satisfaction with life, little research has addressed the link between these variables. Therefore, the current paper examined the moderator role of leisure constraints on the relationship between satisfaction with life and leisure constraints among adults living in five different European countries. The respondents were 1,382 women and 877 men adults. The findings of analysis revealed that all factors used in the study accounted for 15% of the variance in satisfaction with life and social inclusion had a significant and positive impact on satisfaction with life. As a result, it can be said that leisure constraints had a moderating effect on the relationship between satisfaction with life and social inclusion. The present research study recommends that social inclusion should be encouraged through decreasing to leisure constraints to increase the life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jews of Turkey have been applying for citizenship restitution from Spain and Portugal through processes formalized in 2015. Using 29 interviews, I analyze applicant motivations and find that cultural connections play a minor role in applicant decisions. The citizenship application process did not lead to self-questioning of identity for these applicants, unlike Sephardic Jews in other contexts. The more important motivators were Jewish fears about the future of Turkey, the practical benefits of easy travel on a European Union passport, and the desire for global mobility, allowing individuals to chase prosperity wherever it may go. While Jewish fears are mostly in the background, the other two motivations were more pressing. I place these motivations in the context of changing conceptions of citizenship in Europe and the global inequality of citizenship, crystallized in a hierarchy of passports. I find that after acquiring Iberian citizenship, Jews from Turkey relate to their new citizenship solely in practical ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to the expanding literature on VIKOR, a well-known multi-criteria decision-making technique. It is abundantly used to find the compromise solution regarding some significant criteria under different models. The general VIKOR methodology implements the principle that a recommended response must be a feasible solution which is nearest to positive ideal solution having maximum group utility and minimum individual regret. In this article, we propose a new strategy to address multi-criteria group decision-making problems named complex Pythagorean fuzzy VIKOR (CPF-VIKOR) method. It is designed to handle a great deal of vagueness and hesitation which are often present in human decisions. The CPF-VIKOR method allows the linguistic terms to express individual opinions of experts about the performance of alternatives and the weights of the criteria. We combine the individual judgments of experts with the help of complex Pythagorean fuzzy weighted averaging operator. Further, we compute the ranking measure with the help of group utility and regret measures by adjusting the weight of strategy of maximum group utility within the unit interval. We sort the alternatives in an ascending order relative to group utility measure and individual regret measure. Moreover, we demonstrate our proposed method with the help of a flow chart and two numerical examples: one for the selection of the most beneficial renewable energy project in Spain and another for the selection of the most suitable logistic village location in Turkey. Finally, we present the comparative analysis of our proposed method with the CPF-TOPSIS method to prove its validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schools are settings where intergenerational relationships can be forged in their capacity as microcosms or small communities through cooperative approaches and meaningful learning. This paper outlines the main practical, policy-related, and research implications of intergenerational education programs, based on the experience of the European SACHI (“Sharing Childhood”) project. From the resulting guide to good practices that was drawn up, the generation of synergies should be highlighted as a means of bringing about changes in relationships as opposed to just attitudes. The importance is also raised of a rigorous assessment process. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Democratic transitions are usually complex and uncertain processes, and specifying paths to democratisation is a tentative process. One of the controversial and less explored paths is that of regime self-transformation. An attempt is made in this paper to explain this kind of transition with the notion of regime dispensability, a situation in which the dictatorial regime is abandoned in favour of a non-dictatorial one, using two countries that experienced such regime-initiated democratic transitions, namely Spain and Turkey, in a comparative framework. Dispensability is linked to the nature of the dictatorial regime and is used as a tool to account for causes of, and regime groups that can bring about, the regime's transformation, as well as for the implications of self-transformation for the future democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Experience of certain material deprivation pattern varies significantly across the world. • Children from Europe have almost no likelihood of belonging to the Extreme Deprivation class. • Children living in MENA are more likely to experience housing and mobile deprivation. • Children living in Africa are more likely to experience lack of access to digital resources in addition to deficit of basic necessities. • Children living in Eastern Europe are more likely to experience transportation deprivation. Current research suggests that poverty affects children at different rates across the world (OECD, 2018; Unicef Innocenti Research Center, 2007). Additionally, poverty affects children differently – from deprivation of basic needs (ex. lack of food, clothing) to lack of access to digital technology. Previous studies of child poverty and its impact on children have predominantly approached this topic using income-based measures of poverty. This paper employs a material deprivation approach to study child poverty in different cultural contexts. Therefore, this study answers the following questions: Does child material deprivation have different patterns across world regions? If so, what characteristics do these patterns of material deprivation have? Are these patterns of material deprivation more likely to affect certain world regions? This paper utilizes data from the International Survey of Child Well-Being. The data includes children at the age of 12 from Norway, Germany, England, Spain, Malta, Estonia, Romania, Algeria, Israel, Turkey, Ethiopia, and South Africa. The analyses were based on the items available in the Child Material Resource Index. Latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression were utilized to explore patterns of material deprivation. Findings suggest five patterns of child material deprivation, ranging from extreme to no deprivation. The distribution of these patterns varies significantly across world regions. This study suggests that the distribution of resources to eliminate poverty should be based not only on income-based indicators but should also include an assessment based on perceived deprivation scales, especially in international contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To provide initial data regarding country‐specific evidence of workplace violence towards nurses working within the health sector in five European countries. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross‐sectional pilot study, conducted in June 2016. The sample consisted of 260 nurses working in selected health care settings in five participating countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Turkey, and Spain). The questionnaire used was adapted from the International Labour Office/International Council of Nurses/World Health Organisation/Public Services International Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Country Case Study—Questionnaire. Results: A large number of participants confirmed that they had been physically attacked or verbally abused in the workplace in the last 12 months. In most cases, the physical and verbal abuse was inflicted by patients and to a lesser degree by relatives of patients, staff members, or managers/supervisors. In the majority of cases, no action was taken to investigate the causes of the incidents. In most cases, participants believed there was no point in reporting the incidents. However, the reasons for not reporting or discussing incidents of workplace violence varied depending on the country. Conclusion: Workplace violence towards nurses is a serious problem internationally, and violence prevention strategies need to be implemented. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? The nursing profession is at high risk of workplace violence. However, the problem seems to be severely underreported.What this paper adds? A better understanding of the problem in the social and cultural context, together with data fill information gaps regarding workplace violence in selected European countries.The implications of this paper: On the basis of the data obtained, prevention programmes and recommendations can be established and implemented in nurses' daily lives. Evaluation can also be conducted of the effectiveness of existing programmes and standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel genetic algorithm-based seasonal fractional grey model is proposed. • Monthly electricity generation is forecasted since the Covid-19 lockdown started. • Seasonal grey and machine learning models are used for forecasting. • The selected countries are France, Germany, Spain, Turkey, and the UK. • The share of renewables in total electricity generation is forecasted. Balances in the energy sector have changed since the implementation of the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Europe. This paper analyses how the lockdown affected electricity generation in European countries and how it will reshape future energy generation. Monthly electricity generation from total renewables and non-renewables in France, Germany, Spain, Turkey, and the UK from January 2017 to September 2020 were evaluated and compared. Four seasonal grey prediction models and three machine learning methods were used for forecasting; the quarterly results are presented to the end of 2021. Additionally, the share of electricity generation from renewables in total electricity generation from 2017 to 2021 for the selected countries was compared. Electricity generation from total non-renewables in the second quarter of 2020 for France, Germany, Spain, and the UK decreased by 21%–25% compared to the same period of 2019; the decline in Turkey was approximately 11%. Additionally, electricity generation from non-renewables in the third quarter of 2020 for all countries, except Turkey, decreased compared to the same period of the previous year. All grey prediction models and support vector machine method forecast that the share of renewables in total electricity generation will increase continuously in France, Germany, Spain, and the UK to the end of 2021. The forecasting methods provided by this study open new avenues for research on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the future of the energy sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper extends the literature on price-integration in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) market in Spain by shedding new light on established relationships using additional data allowing investigation of the importance of origin. Although the conclusions for the overall market are in the line of those previously reported for market integration and price transmission in the domestic value chain, there are significant differences in the relationships across the price series when the market is disaggregated by countries of origin. While the overall model, with minor differences, confirms Turkey's price leadership and the influence of domestic wholesalers on the changes in the price along the value chain, alternative models with more specific focus on the country of origin show how organization along the value chain and differentiation of domestic product provide different distribution channels and different mechanisms of price transmission. Domestic and international producers establish alliances with downstream agents both at national and international level depending on to the market targeted. Differentiation is exerted by domestic producers based on the origin of the product. Although producers have lower ability to influence downstream prices, they may be moving into a less volatile price scenario. • Seabream prices are transmitted upstream in the Spanish domestic value chain. • International trade affects price linkages along the value chain in different ways. • Turkish imports exercise price leadership in the value chain. • Spanish retailers influence the price of Greek imports through large supply contracts. • Certain degree of differentiation is moving Spanish farmers to less price volatility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]