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From the end of the nineteenth century and one hundred years onward, home sewing was an important part of many women’s duties, but it was also a pleasure, something that existed parallel with the emerging mass-produced ready-to-wear industry. The paper patterns used for home dressmaking were often sold and distributed through women’s magazines. These pattern sections were both a kind of reader service and a conscious strategy to capture the female target group. This article, based on an analysis of three Swedish magazines, is the first in-depth survey of patterns for home sewing of women’s clothes in Sweden. The study shows how the magazines adapted to changes in society with increasingly easier patterns and ready-cut fabric for their readers. By highlighting women making their clothes in the home, this article contributes to an often-neglected area of women’s memory and fashion history.

With the deepening of cultural and artistic exchanges in various countries, many local arts actively or passively absorb the nutrients of foreign art, but the folk paper-cut art of northern Shaanxi and Mexico completely preserve the regional cultural characteristics of the nation. This paper studies the difference and connection between northern Shaanxi paper-cut and Mexican paper-cut by means of semantic analysis and contrastive demonstration. This paper analyzes the theme expression and art types of paper-cut and Mexican paper-cut in northern shaanxi, and collates the rich connotation culture contained in paper-cut patterns and the paper-cut culture of the sustainable development of northern shaanxi and Mexico bearing the message of ancient tu Teng worship, showing a unique artistic connotation. The precipitation of experienced also reflects the application and inheritance in today’s society.

The cultural background of the proliferation of early paper in Central Asia and its use outside China has rarely been explored. Since written sources are inconclusive regarding the origins and spread of papermaking, archaeological and material evidence assumes increased importance. The preserved manuscripts found along the Silk Road have been used as a key source in the study of religion, literature and the cultural history of Central Asia. They have, however, rarely been viewed as artefacts in their own right, with their own specific form and produced by a specific technology. Paper is one of the most important physical aspects of a manuscript and at the same time bears witness to early papermaking technologies. As an introduction to the vol­ume Asian paper as writing support, this article outlines the early history and technology of pa­permaking as revealed by the oldest manuscripts in existence, those found along the Silk Road.

This paper analyzes the southeastern Connecticut Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation’s battle with cultural erasure and resistance through education. Indigenous education programs are gradual yet the most effective method of resisting Western cultural erasure from the United States government, because they peacefully invite both Natives and non-Natives to learn about Native American history outside of European colonizer textbooks. The Tribe battles the erasure that can result from external parties’ ability to grant state or federal titles recognizing tribal authority (known as recognition titles) to determine who receives the powerful stamp of Indigeneity and the right to self- govern. My case study focuses on the Eastern Pequots Archaeology Field School project in collaboration with University of Massachusetts, Boston. I evaluate how the Eastern Pequots use a collaborative archaeology education program with their Tribal members and non-Native individuals to resist erasure by decolonizing Western pedagogy. The Field School has gathered over 99,000 artifacts over 15 seasons that dismantle common misconceptions of how Native Americans lived during the beginning of the United States’ history and redefine modern beliefs about how Natives survived European colonization. The Field School contributes to expanding brief descriptions of Native history into a more complicated and dynamic story that elaborates on Native struggle, survival and resistance.

Uma Chakravarti, Fault Lines of History: The India Papers II (Zubaan Series on Sexual Violence and Impunity in South Asia) (New Delhi: Zubaan, 2016), 343 pp. ₹795. ISBN: 978-9-385-93231-1.

The data in the related digital archive was collected to examine the archaeological and historical evidence for material culture in English medieval rural households, with the aim of gaining a fuller picture than what might be attainable by looking only at objects or documents in isolation. The digital archive provides a starting point for anyone wishing to research aspects of medieval rural settlement.

To understand the implications of archaeological site recording practices and associated inventories for studying Indigenous persistence after the arrival of Europeans, we examined the documentary record associated with nearly 900 archaeological sites in Marin County, California. Beginning with the first regional surveys conducted during the early 1900s and continuing into the present, the paper trail created by archaeologists reveals an enduring emphasis on precontact materials to the exclusion of more recent patterns of Indigenous occupation and land use. In assessing sites occupied by Indigenous people from the late sixteenth through the mid-twentieth centuries, we discuss how the use of multiple lines of evidence—including temporally diagnostic artifacts, chronometric dating techniques, and historical documentation—may help illuminate subtle but widespread patterns of Native presence that have been obscured by essentialist assumptions about Indigenous culture change. Our findings further reveal the shortcomings of traditional site recording systems, in which archaeologists typically categorize sites within the prehistoric-protohistoric-historic triad on the basis of commonsense decisions that conflate chronology with identity. Instead, we argue for recording practices that focus specifically on the calendric ages of occupation for any given site.

The data provide significant opportunities for new investigations. The data are structured in such a way that each of Jordan's studies can be replicated spanning Khanty, Coast Salish, and various Indigenous Californian technological traditions.

How the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) makes digging through gigantic amounts of documents and data more efficient.

Introduction: The paper “Moluscos de la Isla del Coco” (Mollusks of Cocos Island) published in the Revista del Colegio Superior de Señoritas (1935) is the translation to Spanish of one of the last works of Paul Biolley Matthey (1862-1908), Swiss naturalist that lived in Costa Rica. This article was one product of a malacological research carried out during a scientific expedition organized by the ‘Instituto FísicoGeográfico Nacional de Costa Rica’ (IFGN) in 1902 to Cocos Island, at a time when the country claimed its sovereignty both in this territory. Objective: To analyze the contributions of the article “Moluscos de la Isla del Coco” from the Social History of Science approach. Methods: Most of the researches that have applied this approach in Costa Rica analyze processes of institutionalization of scientific disciplines. The methodology used in these works was very useful for the analysis of the Biolley article, together with the information of historical data provided by other texts about Cocos Island and the development of scientific research in Costa Rica from a temporal perspective. In addition, tables were made to synthesize the classification of the species and genera studied by Biolley in Cocos Island to identify their provenance and the habitat in which they lived. Results: This study of Biolley constitutes a text of interest from the point of view of the Social History of Science, due to the descriptions it offers of the physical conditions of the territory of Cocos Island, of the different species of mollusks located in them and to the exchange of information with national and foreign scientists that show the participation of Biolley in scientific networks. Conclusions: The analysis of the information with the Social History of Science approach, concludes that the compilation of the flora and fauna permits a greater knowledge of the natural resources of the explored territories, in order to colonize them and integrate them into the economic dynamics of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. However, attempts colonize Cocos Island failed given the distance between this and the continent, in addition to the topographic conditions that prevent the permanent establishment of human populations and their productive activities. Introducción: El artículo “Moluscos de la Isla del Coco” publicado en la Revista del Colegio Superior de Señoritas (1935) es la traducción al español de una de las últimas obras de Paul Biolley Matthey (1862-1908), naturalista suizo radicado en Costa Rica, producto de una investigación malacológica efectuada en el marco de una expedición científica organizada por el Instituto FísicoGeográfico Nacional de Costa Rica (IFGN) en 1902, en una época en que el país reivindicaba su soberanía tanto en este territorio como en las zonas periféricas fronterizas. Objetivo: Analizar los aportes del artículo “Moluscos de la Isla del Coco” desde el enfoque de la Historia Social de la Ciencia. Métodos: La mayor parte de las investigaciones que han aplicado este enfoque en Costa Rica analizan procesos de institucionalización de disciplinas científicas. La metodología empleada en estos trabajos fue de gran utilidad para el análisis del artículo de Biolley, junto con la información de datos históricos proporcionados por otros textos sobre la Isla del Coco y el desarrollo de la investigación científica en Costa Rica desde una perspectiva temporal. Además, se hicieron tablas que sintetizan la clasificación de las especies y géneros estudiados por Biolley en la Isla del Coco para identificar su procedencia y el hábitat en el que viven. Resultados: Este estudio de Biolley constituye un texto de interés desde el punto de vista de la Historia Social de la Ciencia, debido a las descripciones que ofrece de las condiciones físicas del territorio de la Isla del Coco, de las diferentes especies de moluscos localizadas en ellas y al intercambio de información con científicos nacionales y extranjeros que evidencian la participación de Biolley en redes científicas. Conclusiones: Al analizar la información proporcionada por el artículo con los trabajos basados en el enfoque de la Historia Social de la Ciencia, se llegó a la conclusión que la recopilación de los datos de flora y de fauna permitió tener un mayor conocimiento de los recursos naturales de los territorios explorados, con el fin de colonizarlos e integrarlos a la dinámica económica del Valle Central de Costa Rica, sin embargo, los intentos para efectuar una colonización efectiva de la Isla del Coco fracasaron dada la distancia entre esta y el continente, además de las condiciones topográficas que impiden el establecimiento permanente de poblaciones humanas y sus actividades productivas. Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-A9-742]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-A4-906]/UCR/Costa Rica UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas (CIGEFI)

[...]the ecological and political dynamics of the region suggested that such an outbreak might follow a pattern similar to SARS, perhaps with an avian influenza virus making the next interspecies leap to humans in China before spreading into adjacent territories and around the world. In a chapter addressing “simulations,” Keck compares strategies for anticipating catastrophic events in all three areas, examining computer simulations of future viral mutations, public health rehearsals for announcements of human infections of avian influenza, and actions by bird-watching societies to prevent species extinctions. In this modality, often adopted by public health officials and other government agents, the task of managing human health may require sacrificing animals, through culling or other means.

Infectious diseases at pandemic level have had a devastating impact on humanity for many centuries. [...]understanding and managing the vectors and factors that propagate these diseases is paramount to human survival. The author examines a plethora of factors that exacerbated the Ebola crisis, that future students of public health and policy making could study with reference to combatting pandemics. In addition to the individual experiences of these healthcare workers, the book also catalogs the relationship between the West African governments (Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea) and Cuba as well as the developed world and the rest of the world.