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1. Constitutional Obligations for Public Education. 50-State Review

Author

Education Commission of the States and Parker, Emily

Abstract

Within the constitution of each of the 50 states, there is language that mandates the creation of a public education system. The authority for public education falls to states because of a 1973 Supreme Court case which determined that the federal government has no responsibility to provide systems of public education. These constitutional education provisions vary from state to state, with some states specifically laying out the foundation of their education system while others leave the details to the legislature. Because some state constitutions date back centuries, constitutions can contain outdated language, which can decrease the relevance of the constitution to current-day policy issues. State constitutions vary on whether they include language about public school funding, religious restrictions, the education of disabled students, the age of students, the duration of the school year, and the establishment of state higher education systems. The table in this paper provides a 50-state overview of the constitutional foundation for public education in each state. It includes the location of the foundational language, which is hyperlinked to that section in the constitution. Additionally, the table looks at whether the constitution includes language on the following topics: (1) public school funding; (2) religious restrictions; (3) the education of disabled students; (4) the age of students; (5) the duration of the school year; and (6) the establishment of state higher education systems. [This report is an update to the 2002 report, "Constitutional Language: State Obligations for Public School Funding."]

Published
2016

2. Blazing New Trails: Preparing Leaders to Improve Access and Equity in Today's Schools. The 2011 Yearbook of the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration

Author

National Council of Professors of Educational Administration, Alford, Betty J., Perreault, George, Zellner, Luana, Ballenger, Julia W., Alford, Betty J., Perreault, George, Zellner, Luana, Ballenger, Julia W., and National Council of Professors of Educational Administration

Abstract

This is the 2011 Yearbook of the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA). This Yearbook contains five parts. Part I, Invited Chapters, includes: (1) NCPEA President's Message, 2011 (Gary W. Kinsey); (2) Shadows and Images II (Lloyd Duvall); and (3) Micropolitics in the School: Teacher Leaders' Use of Political Skill and Influence Tactics (Donald J. Brosky). Part II, Critical Issues in Shared Leadership, includes: (4) Complexities in the Workload of Principals: Implications for Teacher Leadership (Caryn M. Wells, C. Robert Maxfield and Barbara A. Klocko); (5) Professional Learning Communities: A Feasible Reality or a Chimera? (Ronald A. Lindahl); (6) Superintendent Leadership as the Catalyst for Organizational Learning: Implications for Closing the Achievement Gap (Victoria L. Kelly and George J. Petersen); (7) Special Education Director Burnout in Montana (Debra Lynn Ferris and William G. Ruff); (8) Superintendent Decision-making and Problem-solving: Living on the Horns of Dilemmas (Walter S. Polka, Peter R. Litchka, Frank F. Calzi, Stephen J. Denig and Rosina E. Mete); and (9) The Administration of Special Education Programs in Rural Schools: The Roles and Responsibilities of Educational Administrators (Michael K. Redburn and William Ruff). Part III, Critical Issues in Promoting Academic Achievement, includes: (10) The Effective Practices and Beliefs of School Principals in High Achieving Hispanic Majority Mid-Level Schools (Johnny Briseno, Sandra Harris and Jason Mixon); (11) Creating Shared Meaning in High Performing, Low Socioeconomic Urban Elementary Schools: Going Extra, Above, and Beyond (JoAnn Danelo Barbour and Olga Pacot); (12) Increasing Student Success in Rigorous Courses: Promising Practices in Reform Identified by a School-University Partnership (Betty J. Alford); (13) Principals and Teachers Stated Beliefs as Compared with Their Perceptions of Multiage Implementation (Dean Halverson and Ruth Ann Tobey Brown); and (14) Distinguishing Practices for Administrators: A Case Study of a University's Lab Settings' Journey to Academic Excellence (Gloria Gresham). Part IV, Critical Issues in School Improvement, includes: (15) Self-Efficacy and Principal Involvement in Character Education (Robert Tatman, Stacey L. Edmonson and John R. Slate); (16) Navigating the Politics of Change in a Suburban School District: A Phenomenological Study (Emily Reichert and Mike Boone); (17) Redefining Curriculum Leadership for Principals: Perspectives of Texas Administrators (Sandra Stewart and Janet Tareilo); (18) Structured Inequity: The Intersection of Socioeconomic Status and the Standard Error of Measurement of State Mandated High School Test Results (Christopher H. Tienken); (19) The Social Justice Implications of the Deteriorating U.S. Economy on Public Schools in Selected U.S. School Districts in Colorado and Illinois (John W. Hunt and Gregory N. Pierson); and (20) Experiences with PTELL in Six Illinois School Districts: Leadership Perceptions and Student Performance (Keven D. Forney, Neil Sappington and Guy Banicki). Part V, Critical Issues in Educational Leadership Preparation, includes: (21) Preparing Future School Leaders to Foster Site Level Cultural Proficiency: Investigating the Work of Successful Schools First-hand (Kathryn Singh); (22) Shifting From a Face-to-Face to an Online Educational Leadership Program: A Case Study (Ross Sherman, Vance Vaughn, Peggy B. Gill, Wesley Hickey and Genie B. Linn); (23) Service to the Profession: The Forgotten Element of Tenure and the Importance of Faculty Mentoring (Janet Tareilo); (24) Blazing a New Trail for the Educational Turnaround Leader (Rayma L. Harchar, Mitzi P. Trahan and Janet G. Broussard); and (25) Developing and Supporting Early Childhood Teacher Leaders: A Leadership Project Connecting University, Community and Public School Resources (C. Robert Maxfield, Julie Ricks-Doneen, Barbara A. Klocko and Lisa Sturges). An author index is included. Individual papers contain tables, figures, references and appendices.

Published
2011