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Teacher training and innovation in the academic field are basic processes for improving the quality of education. This paper presents an innovative didactic experience for students of the Master’s Degree in Teacher Training in Secondary Education and bachelor’s degree, of an online university, in the specialty of mathematics. The educational innovation arises after the detection of difficulties in the assimilation of the contents taught in the subject of Teaching Innovation and Initiation to Educational Research by the participating students. The experience consists of a real simultaneous interaction (online) between the students of the Master’s Degree in Mathematics and the students of bachelor’s degree of a public center of Secondary Education, in Spain, while they receive classes in their center in a face-to-face way. The didactic methodology used in this experience is based on the principles of the Flipped Classroom and, at all times, the material necessary for its understanding and assimilation has been shared with the Master’s students. To analyze this experience, a questionnaire was used to collect information before and after the experience, a satisfaction survey and a focus group. The results indicate that the students of the online Master’s program consider this experience very necessary, since it favors the perception of the environment to which they must adapt and, in addition, the visualization of real cases provides a significant vision that completes and complements the theoretical training received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To explore how perceived discrimination impacts the emotional well-being and mental health of newly-arrived migrants in Spain; and to identify the coping strategies and behavioral changes used to deal with perceived discrimination. Design: 102 individual audio-recorded in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed through content analysis. Results: Negative emotions related to perceived discrimination included disgust, sadness, fear, loneliness, humiliation, sense of injustice, rage, feeling undervalued or vulnerable, and mixed emotions. Change in behaviors due to perceived discrimination comprised westernization or cultural assimilation, creating a good image, avoiding going out or leaving alone, hypervigilance, stop participating in politics, self-sufficiency, a positive adaptation, and paradoxically, becoming an oppressor. The identified coping strategies to deal with perceived discrimination were ignoring or not responding, isolation, self-medication, engagement in intellectual activities, leisure and sport, talking or insulting the oppressor, denouncement, physical fight or revenge, seeking comfort, increasing solidarity with others, crying, or using humor. Discrimination-related stress and related mental health problems were conveyed, as challenges related to substance abuse and addictive behaviors, mood, and anxiety. Conclusions: Findings establish initial evidence of the great impact of perceived discrimination on the health, emotional well-being, and behavior of newly-arrived migrants in Spain, alerting to the need for targeted policies and services to address the effects of discrimination in this population. Further research is needed to explore more closely the causes and effects of perceived discrimination on mental health, to develop more targeted and effective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the fields of gender studies and anthropology, this interdisciplinary study analyzes the racist experiences lived by immigrant Latin American women in Spain, which influence the adherence of the subjects to cultural assimilation techniques. Assimilation is an acculturation strategy where individuals reject the culture of origin in an attempt to fully incorporate themselves into the culture of the host society. Rejecting the Latin American culture through practices and discourses is a way of protecting oneself against the systematic racism experienced in the European territory, as well as a way of getting closer to the white privilege of natives. The methodology used has been qualitative through an intersectional analysis with a gender perspective of semi-structured individual interviews carried out with ten Latin American women immigrants in Spain. In conclusion, on one hand, it is verified that the integration discourses produced by the European institutions have been incorporated by the immigrant subjects, often being interpreted as a duty of assimilation or adaptation that would imply the rejection of the culture of origin. On the other hand, it is also recognized that, simultaneously, women put into action multiple processes of agency and empowerment during their migration journeys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Southern Europe experienced large-scale migration in the recent decades. Compared to regions with a longer migration history, the assimilation and socialization processes of family formation and age of childbearing for young adults of migrant background is underexplored. Spain, in particular, is now home to a burgeoning second generation of which little is known. OBJECTIVE This study explores the family living arrangements of Moroccans in Spain by migrant generation and time, using census microdata from the Integrated Public-Use Microdata Series International (IPUMS-i) and the Spanish Statistical Office (INE). We examine the living arrangements as an estimate for family processes for young adults of Moroccan origin between ages 20 to 34 separately by sex. METHODS Taking a cross-national perspective, we examine the level of coresidence with parent(s), spouse, and child(ren) for young adults aged 20 to 34 in three groups - Moroccans in Spain, nonmigrants in Morocco, and nonmigrants in Spain - using binomial logistic regression. RESULTS Results show that 1.5 and second generation Moroccan women transition into adulthood at younger ages than their Spanish counterparts, except for the ones who are highly educated. The differences in living arrangements between Moroccans in Spain and the nonmigrant Spanish population widened between 2001 to 2011, possibly due to the fact that coresidence with kin is subject to the influence of migrant stock flow. CONTRIBUTION We incorporated a region-of-origin approach in combination with classical assimilation and socialization theories to study migrant family processes in Spain by using living arrangement as a proxy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reflects upon migratory movements in Spain, focusing on the role of women from Morocco and Equatorial Guinea. Immigration is analyzed as a process that leads these women towards a new reality, which severs them from their earlier lives. It also examines the integration or assimilation that accompany migration dynamics in relation to the receiving society. It can be concluded that the process is incomplete since the actual integration of women immigrants into the receiving society takes place over time, therefore, they can be considered to be "women in transition.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the degree of coherence amongst the legal, theoretical and formal speech about diversity management and the reality of the pedagogical practices in formal educational institutions. To that end is addressed a theoretical review of the different educational laws, the speeches of the teaching staff and educational practices from previous researches. The main result points to the existence of some contradictions: the concept of cultural assimilation at the same time that it is despised, both in educational legislation and in explicit and conscious teaching staff speech, ends up being the one adopted in most of the educational practices. This finding leads to some conclusions regarding the need to rethink and redefine the concept of cultural assimilation from the perspective of equality and a critical conception of ethnicity and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the social integration process of children of immigrants from Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe in Almería (Spain). We study the social integration process in the following dimensions: socioeconomic, mixed relationships, cultural references, norms (rules of conduct), transnationality and psychosocial factors. Data were obtained by the administration of a questionnaire. The results show that the origin is a key variable in defining the social integration process. Furthermore there are other important variablesthat affect the integration process of immigrants, such as human capital, the (social) environment or religious patterns. Taking into account the variety of elements involved in the integration of immigrants in Almeria, we would speak of integration as a fragmented process which doesn´t reflect any linear logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the occupational mobility of immigrants between their countries of origin and Spain on the basis of one of the few surveys available internationally with longitudinal information on immigrant employment in home and host countries. The evidence shows that the occupational status of immigrants in the Spanish labour market is, in general, substantially worse than in their countries of origin. The severe loss of occupational status experienced by immigrants is explained by the combined effect of the intense initial downgrading they experience when entering the Spanish labour market and their very slow occupational progress during their stay in Spain. These findings are more in line with the segmented assimilation theory, which suggests a limited or blocked immigrant occupational mobility, than with the assimilation theory, which predicts a U shaped evolution in the occupational status of immigrants between their home and host countries. As a result, the Spanish case contrasts sharply with previous evidence for other advanced countries, which tends to support the assimilation perspective. Finally, the empirical evidence suggests that one of the elements impeding the occupational mobility of immigrants in Spain is the significant size of the secondary segment of the labour market, which restricts immigrants' opportunities mainly to low-status occupations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the employment transitions of unemployed individuals who have worked before. To do so, a longitudinal data set from the Spanish Labour Force Survey (Encuesta de Población Activa, EPA) was used. The analyses were conducted for two different economic periods: expansive (2005-2007) and recessive (2008-2010). The results indicate that Latin Americans and Eastern Europeans had a higher probability of obtaining employment in Spain during the period of economic growth. This was the case after controlling for sociodemographic variables, as well as factors related to the characteristics of the last job before becoming unemployed. This advantage, however, disappears during the recession period. Moreover, the effect of some factors that influence the likelihood of being employed again, such as human capital, change depending on the phase of the economic cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This piece of work presents a series of findings resulting from an ongoing research on the socio-political integration of Muslim immigrants in Spain. Provisional findings stipulate the emergence of enhanced identities and, possibly, the move towards the 'communitarian closure' of some immigrants' communities. However, a favourable attitude for political participation, mostly in terms of electoral turnout, is highlighted, leading to a successful process of socio-political integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The countries of Southern Europe — Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain — have become in the last decades countries of immigration, while they are still areas of emigration even thug with a substant reduction of the emigration flows. The patterns of immigration in these countries have several common features. First af all immigration started in all countries in the same period (the 1970ties). Secondly they receive immigratns from many, also very distant, places. Thirdly there is a high presence of female immigrants, that is often above 59% of the total immigrant flow. Fourtly in all these countries - contray to the intraeuropean migrations of the 'fifties and of the 'sixties - immigrants have found occupation in the service sector, in agricolture and not so often in industry. Female employment in the services is the most important feature of this immigration: female immigrants work mostly as cleaners and in general in domestic work and now, more and more frequently, in the area of care for the elderly. Also the immigration policies in these countries are similar with closed borders and consequent illegal immigration and the practice of amnesty laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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While the economic, political, and military bonds between Spain and Nazi Germany have received much attention, the close cultural exchange between the two fascist states is little known. Thanks to its neutrality in World War I, Spain became a top priority of German cultural foreign policy in the 1930s. The Hitler government not only sought to extend its influence through German culture in Spain, but also encouraged Hispanic culture in Germany through the creation of German-Spanish societies. From 1930 to 1945 the Deutsch-Spanische Gesellschaftin Berlin (DSG) emerged as a main axis of the cultural relations between the two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To compare health related quality of life (HRQL) between native and immigrant adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, and to analyse psychosocial factors associated with HRQL. Design: A cross sectional study of adolescents (12-18 years old) who answered a self administered questionnaire. Setting: All the secondary schools from Lloret de Mar (Girona, Spain). Participants: 1246 participants (88.9% of the eligible students). Main outcome measures: Main outcome was the Spanish version of the Vecu et Sante Percue de l'Adolescent (VSP-A), a HRQL measure addressed to adolescents. Mean scores of the VSP-A index of natives and immigrants were compared, as well as their sociodemographic and health related factors. Multiple regression examined the relation between HRQL and psychosocial factors, controlling for the effect of socioeconomic variables. Results: Half of the sample were boys, in the middle socioeconomic status, and 18.2% were immigrants (n=226). HRQL score was higher in native Spanish adolescents than immigrants (p<0.01). Multiple regression model explaining 48.1% of the VSP-A variance showed that migration in itself has no statistically significant impact on HRQL, and age, socioeconomic status, social support, discrimination, and psychological distress do play a part. Conclusions: Migrants have worse HRQL than natives but it seems to be mediated by their disadvantage in socioeconomic status, social support, and psychological distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo discute la inmigración china en España y la integración social. Se dice que la integración social de los inmigrantes constituye un imperativo del Estado español, aunque las instituciones locales afirman que la población china no demuestra un interés por integrarse en la sociedad española. Se analiza la forma en que las instituciones y la población china acercan la integración social. Se hablan de los conflictos entre las asociaciones voluntarias chinas y las organizaciones de inmigrantes sobre el asunto.

This article focuses on the immigration trend in Spain as of 1993. Particularly from 1985 on, Spain began to figure as a place of settlement for immigrants within the international migratory panorama. There are several basic causes for this substantial change in the position of Spain as a new center of immigration. One of them is the continuous economic development of the country, coupled with the fact that it belongs to one of the most developed region in the world, the European Commission. Over the last 25 years, the number of foreign residents in Spain has nearly quadrupled, but in the last five years the growth has been much greater. An important feature of this growing immigration, expressed in terms of the number of foreign residents is their nationality. The level of education of foreign residents is an important feature of Spanish immigration. Among foreign residents in Spain, the majority have a level of primary education, either completed or incomplete. These, along with those who have qualifications equivalent to the Bachiller Elemental or Bachiller Superior make up the majority of foreigners. Until recently, immigration to Spain has been a reducer in nature and principally made up of a nonactive population. Two clear types of immigration may be distinguished: elite and marginal.

ABSTRACT It is proposed that cross-national differences in the pattern of social and economic change will be linked to different effects of migration. In the case of the Spanish industrial working class, the concentration of native and migrant workers in new industrial suburbs appears to be one source of class consciousness. There is also an indication that migrants themselves become increasingly class conscious as they remain longer in the city. This result is interpreted in terms of their initial high aspirations for mobility within the city, which are frustrated by an increasingly rigid urban class structure and the special obstacles to mobility among workers of rural origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]